# Copyright 2017 VyOS maintainers and contributors <maintainers@vyos.io> # # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Lesser General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public # License along with this library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. """ A library for reading VyOS running config data. This library is used internally by all config scripts of VyOS, but its API should be considered stable and it is safe to use in user scripts. Note that this module will not work outside VyOS. Node taxonomy ############# There are multiple types of config tree nodes in VyOS, each requires its own set of operations. *Leaf nodes* (such as "address" in interfaces) can have values, but cannot have children. Leaf nodes can have one value, multiple values, or no values at all. For example, "system host-name" is a single-value leaf node, "system name-server" is a multi-value leaf node (commonly abbreviated "multi node"), and "system ip disable-forwarding" is a valueless leaf node. Non-leaf nodes cannot have values, but they can have child nodes. They are divided into two classes depending on whether the names of their children are fixed or not. For example, under "system", the names of all valid child nodes are predefined ("login", "name-server" etc.). To the contrary, children of the "system task-scheduler task" node can have arbitrary names. Such nodes are called *tag nodes*. This terminology is confusing but we keep using it for lack of a better word. The knowledge of whether in "task Foo" the "tag" is "task" or "Foo" is lost in time, luckily, the distinction is irrelevant in practice. Configuration modes ################### VyOS has two distinct modes: operational mode and configuration mode. When a user logins, the CLI is in the operational mode. In this mode, only the running (effective) config is accessible for reading. When a user enters the "configure" command, a configuration session is setup. Every config session has its *proposed* config built on top of the current running config. When changes are commited, if commit succeeds, the proposed config is merged into the running config. For this reason, this library has two sets of functions. The base versions, such as ``exists`` or ``return_value`` are only usable in configuration mode. They take all nodes into account, in both proposed and running configs. Configuration scripts require access to uncommited changes for obvious reasons. Configuration mode completion helpers should also use these functions because not having nodes you've just created in completion is annoying. However, in operational mode, only the running config is available. Currently, you need to use special functions for reading it from operational mode scripts, they can be distinguished by the word "effective" in their names. In the future base versions may be made to detect if they are called from a config session or not. """ import subprocess import re class VyOSError(Exception): """ Raised on config access errors, most commonly if the type of a config tree node in the system does not match the type of operation. """ pass class Config(object): """ The class of config access objects. Internally, in the current implementation, this object is *almost* stateless, the only state it keeps is relative *config path* for convenient access to config subtrees. """ def __init__(self, session_env=None): self._cli_shell_api = "/bin/cli-shell-api" self._level = "" if session_env: self.__session_env = session_env else: self.__session_env = None def _make_command(self, op, path): args = path.split() cmd = [self._cli_shell_api, op] + args return cmd def _run(self, cmd): if self.__session_env: p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=self.__session_env) else: p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE) out = p.stdout.read() p.wait() if p.returncode != 0: raise VyOSError() else: return out.decode('ascii') def set_level(self, path): """ Set the *edit level*, that is, a relative config tree path. Once set, all operations will be relative to this path, for example, after ``set_level("system")``, calling ``exists("name-server")`` is equivalent to calling ``exists("system name-server"`` without ``set_level``. Args: path (str): relative config path """ # Make sure there's always a space between default path (level) # and path supplied as method argument # XXX: for small strings in-place concatenation is not a problem self._level = path + " " def get_level(self): """ Gets the current edit level. Returns: str: current edit level """ return(self._level.strip()) def exists(self, path): """ Checks if a node with given path exists in the running or proposed config Returns: True if node exists, False otherwise Note: This function cannot be used outside a configuration sessions. In operational mode scripts, use ``exists_effective``. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('exists', self._level + path)) return True except VyOSError: return False def session_changed(self): """ Returns: True if the config session has uncommited changes, False otherwise. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('sessionChanged', '')) return True except VyOSError: return False def in_session(self): """ Returns: True if called from a configuration session, False otherwise. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('inSession', '')) return True except VyOSError: return False def show_config(self, path='', default=None): """ Args: path (str): Configuration tree path, or empty default (str): Default value to return Returns: str: working configuration """ try: out = self._run(self._make_command('showConfig', path)) return out except VyOSError: return(default) def is_multi(self, path): """ Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: True if a node can have multiple values, False otherwise. Note: It also returns False if node doesn't exist. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('isMulti', self._level + path)) return True except VyOSError: return False def is_tag(self, path): """ Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: True if a node is a tag node, False otherwise. Note: It also returns False if node doesn't exist. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('isTag', self._level + path)) return True except VyOSError: return False def is_leaf(self, path): """ Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: True if a node is a leaf node, False otherwise. Note: It also returns False if node doesn't exist. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('isLeaf', self._level + path)) return True except VyOSError: return False def return_value(self, path, default=None): """ Retrieve a value of single-value leaf node in the running or proposed config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path default (str): Default value to return if node does not exist Returns: str: Node value, if it has any None: if node is valueless *or* if it doesn't exist Raises: VyOSError: if node is not a single-value leaf node Note: Due to the issue with treatment of valueless nodes by this function, valueless nodes should be checked with ``exists`` instead. This function cannot be used outside a configuration session. In operational mode scripts, use ``return_effective_value``. """ full_path = self._level + path if self.is_multi(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_value on multi node: {0}".format(full_path)) elif not self.is_leaf(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_value on non-leaf node: {0}".format(full_path)) else: try: out = self._run(self._make_command('returnValue', full_path)) return out except VyOSError: return(default) def return_values(self, path, default=[]): """ Retrieve all values of a multi-value leaf node in the running or proposed config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: str list: Node values, if it has any None: if node does not exist Raises: VyOSError: if node is not a multi-value leaf node Note: This function cannot be used outside a configuration session. In operational mode scripts, use ``return_effective_values``. """ full_path = self._level + path if not self.is_multi(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_values on non-multi node: {0}".format(full_path)) elif not self.is_leaf(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_values on non-leaf node: {0}".format(full_path)) else: try: out = self._run(self._make_command('returnValues', full_path)) values = re.findall(r"\'(.*?)\'", out) return values except VyOSError: return(default) def list_nodes(self, path, default=[]): """ Retrieve names of all children of a tag node in the running or proposed config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: string list: child node names Raises: VyOSError: if the node is not a tag node Note: There is no way to list all children of a non-tag node in the current config backend. This function cannot be used outside a configuration session. In operational mode scripts, use ``list_effective_nodes``. """ full_path = self._level + path if self.is_tag(path): try: out = self._run(self._make_command('listNodes', full_path)) values = re.findall(r"\'(.*?)\'", out) return values except VyOSError: return(default) else: raise VyOSError("Cannot use list_nodes on a non-tag node: {0}".format(full_path)) def exists_effective(self, path): """ Check if a node exists in the running (effective) config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: True if node exists in the running config, False otherwise Note: This function is safe to use in operational mode. In configuration mode, it ignores uncommited changes. """ try: self._run(self._make_command('existsEffective', self._level + path)) return True except VyOSError: return False def return_effective_value(self, path, default=None): """ Retrieve a values of a single-value leaf node in a running (effective) config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path default (str): Default value to return if node does not exist Returns: str: Node value Raises: VyOSError: if node is not a multi-value leaf node """ full_path = self._level + path if self.is_multi(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_effective_value on multi node: {0}".format(full_path)) elif not self.is_leaf(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_effective_value on non-leaf node: {0}".format(full_path)) else: try: out = self._run(self._make_command('returnEffectiveValue', full_path)) return out except VyOSError: return(default) def return_effective_values(self, path, default=[]): """ Retrieve all values of a multi-value node in a running (effective) config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: str list: A list of values Raises: VyOSError: if node is not a multi-value leaf node """ full_path = self._level + path if not self.is_multi(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_effective_values on non-multi node: {0}".format(full_path)) elif not self.is_leaf(path): raise VyOSError("Cannot use return_effective_values on non-leaf node: {0}".format(full_path)) else: try: out = self._run(self._make_command('returnEffectiveValues', full_path)) return out except VyOSError: return(default) def list_effective_nodes(self, path, default=[]): """ Retrieve names of all children of a tag node in the running config Args: path (str): Configuration tree path Returns: str list: child node names Raises: VyOSError: if the node is not a tag node Note: There is no way to list all children of a non-tag node in the current config backend. """ full_path = self._level + path if self.is_tag(path): try: out = self._run(self._make_command('listEffectiveNodes', full_path)) values = out.split() return list(map(lambda x: re.sub(r'^\'(.*)\'$', r'\1',x), values)) except VyOSError: return(default) else: raise VyOSError("Cannot use list_effective_nodes on a non-tag node: {0}".format(full_path))