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+.. _examples-zone-policy:
+
+Zone-Policy example
+-------------------
+
+Native IPv4 and IPv6
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+We have three networks.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  WAN - 172.16.10.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:9999::0/64
+  LAN - 192.168.100.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::0/64
+  DMZ - 192.168.200.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::0/64
+
+
+**This specific example is for a router on a stick, but is very easily
+adapted for however many NICs you have**:
+
+
+* Internet - 192.168.200.100 - TCP/80
+* Internet - 192.168.200.100 - TCP/443
+* Internet - 192.168.200.100 - TCP/25
+* Internet - 192.168.200.100 - TCP/53
+* VyOS actis as DHCP, DNS forwarder, NAT, router and firewall.
+* 192.168.200.200/2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 is an internal/external DNS, web
+  and mail (SMTP/IMAP) server.
+* 192.168.100.10/2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::10 is the administrator's console. It
+  can SSH to VyOS.
+* LAN and DMZ hosts have basic outbound access: Web, FTP, SSH.
+* LAN can access DMZ resources.
+* DMZ cannot access LAN resources.
+* Inbound WAN connect to DMZ host.
+
+.. image:: /_static/images/zone-policy-diagram.png
+   :width: 80%
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Network Topology Diagram
+
+The VyOS interface is assigned the .1/:1 address of their respective
+networks. WAN is on VLAN 10, LAN on VLAN 20, and DMZ on VLAN 30.
+
+It will look something like this:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  interfaces {
+      ethernet eth0 {
+          duplex auto
+          hw-id 00:53:ed:6e:2a:92
+          smp_affinity auto
+          speed auto
+          vif 10 {
+              address 172.16.10.1/24
+              address 2001:db8:0:9999::1/64
+          }
+          vif 20 {
+              address 192.168.100.1/24
+              address 2001:db8:0:AAAA::1/64
+          }
+          vif 30 {
+              address 192.168.200.1/24
+              address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::1/64
+          }
+      }
+      loopback lo {
+      }
+  }
+
+
+Zones Basics
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Each interface is assigned to a zone. The interface can be physical or
+virtual such as tunnels (VPN, PPTP, GRE, etc) and are treated exactly
+the same.
+
+Traffic flows from zone A to zone B. That flow is what I refer to as a
+zone-pair-direction. eg. A->B and B->A are two zone-pair-destinations.
+
+Ruleset are created per zone-pair-direction.
+
+I name rule sets to indicate which zone-pair-direction they represent.
+eg. ZoneA-ZoneB or ZoneB-ZoneA. LAN-DMZ, DMZ-LAN.
+
+In VyOS, you have to have unique Ruleset names. In the event of overlap,
+I add a "-6" to the end of v6 rulesets. eg. LAN-DMZ, LAN-DMZ-6. This
+allows for each auto-completion and uniqueness.
+
+In this example we have 4 zones. LAN, WAN, DMZ, Local. The local zone is
+the firewall itself.
+
+If your computer is on the LAN and you need to SSH into your VyOS box,
+you would need a rule to allow it in the LAN-Local ruleset. If you want
+to access a webpage from your VyOS box, you need a rule to allow it in
+the Local-LAN ruleset.
+
+In rules, it is good to keep them named consistently. As the number of
+rules you have grows, the more consistency you have, the easier your
+life will be.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  Rule 1 - State Established, Related
+  Rule 2 - State Invalid
+  Rule 100 - ICMP
+  Rule 200 - Web
+  Rule 300 - FTP
+  Rule 400 - NTP
+  Rule 500 - SMTP
+  Rule 600 - DNS
+  Rule 700 - DHCP
+  Rule 800 - SSH
+  Rule 900 - IMAPS
+
+The first two rules are to deal with the idiosyncrasies of VyOS and
+iptables.
+
+Zones and Rulesets both have a default action statement. When using
+Zone-Policies, the default action is set by the zone-policy statement
+and is represented by rule 10000.
+
+It is good practice to log both accepted and denied traffic. It can save
+you significant headaches when trying to troubleshoot a connectivity
+issue.
+
+To add logging to the default rule, do:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  set firewall name <ruleSet> enable-default-log
+
+
+By default, iptables does not allow traffic for established session to
+return, so you must explicitly allow this. I do this by adding two rules
+to every ruleset. 1 allows established and related state packets through
+and rule 2 drops and logs invalid state packets. We place the
+established/related rule at the top because the vast majority of traffic
+on a network is established and the invalid rule to prevent invalid
+state packets from mistakenly being matched against other rules. Having
+the most matched rule listed first reduces CPU load in high volume
+environments. Note: I have filed a bug to have this added as a default
+action as well.
+
+''It is important to note, that you do not want to add logging to the
+established state rule as you will be logging both the inbound and
+outbound packets for each session instead of just the initiation of the
+session. Your logs will be massive in a very short period of time.''
+
+In VyOS you must have the interfaces created before you can apply it to
+the zone and the rulesets must be created prior to applying it to a
+zone-policy.
+
+I create/configure the interfaces first. Build out the rulesets for each
+zone-pair-direction which includes at least the three state rules. Then
+I setup the zone-policies.
+
+Zones do not allow for a default action of accept; either drop or
+reject. It is important to remember this because if you apply an
+interface to a zone and commit, any active connections will be dropped.
+Specifically, if you are SSH’d into VyOS and add local or the interface
+you are connecting through to a zone and do not have rulesets in place
+to allow SSH and established sessions, you will not be able to connect.
+
+The following are the rules that were created for this example (may not
+be complete), both in IPv4 and IPv6. If there is no IP specified, then
+the source/destination address is not explicit.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/80
+  WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/443
+  WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/25
+  WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/53
+  WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/80
+  WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/443
+  WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/25
+  WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/53
+
+  DMZ - Local - tcp/53
+  DMZ - Local - tcp/123
+  DMZ - Local - tcp/67,68
+
+  LAN - Local - tcp/53
+  LAN - Local - tcp/123
+  LAN - Local - tcp/67,68
+  LAN:192.168.100.10 - Local - tcp/22
+  LAN:2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::10 - Local - tcp/22
+
+  LAN - WAN - tcp/80
+  LAN - WAN - tcp/443
+  LAN - WAN - tcp/22
+  LAN - WAN - tcp/20,21
+
+  DMZ - WAN - tcp/80
+  DMZ - WAN - tcp/443
+  DMZ - WAN - tcp/22
+  DMZ - WAN - tcp/20,21
+  DMZ - WAN - tcp/53
+  DMZ - WAN - udp/53
+
+  Local - WAN - tcp/80
+  Local - WAN - tcp/443
+  Local - WAN - tcp/20,21
+
+  Local - DMZ - tcp/25
+  Local - DMZ - tcp/67,68
+  Local - DMZ - tcp/53
+  Local - DMZ - udp/53
+
+  Local - LAN - tcp/67,68
+
+  LAN - DMZ - tcp/80
+  LAN - DMZ - tcp/443
+  LAN - DMZ - tcp/993
+  LAN:2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::10 - DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 - tcp/22
+  LAN:192.168.100.10 - DMZ:192.168.200.200 - tcp/22
+
+Since we have 4 zones, we need to setup the following rulesets.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  Lan-wan
+  Lan-local
+  Lan-dmz
+  Wan-lan
+  Wan-local
+  Wan-dmz
+  Local-lan
+  Local-wan
+  Local-dmz
+  Dmz-lan
+  Dmz-wan
+  Dmz-local
+
+Even if the two zones will never communicate, it is a good idea to
+create the zone-pair-direction rulesets and set enable-default-log. This
+will allow you to log attempts to access the networks. Without it, you
+will never see the connection attempts.
+
+This is an example of the three base rules.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  name wan-lan {
+    default-action drop
+    enable-default-log
+    rule 1 {
+      action accept
+      state {
+        established enable
+        related enable
+      }
+    }
+    rule 2 {
+      action drop
+      log enable
+      state {
+        invalid enable
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
+Here is an example of an IPv6 DMZ-WAN ruleset.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  ipv6-name dmz-wan-6 {
+    default-action drop
+    enable-default-log
+    rule 1 {
+      action accept
+      state {
+        established enable
+        related enable
+      }
+    }
+    rule 2 {
+      action drop
+      log enable
+      state {
+        invalid enable
+    }
+    rule 100 {
+      action accept
+      log enable
+      protocol ipv6-icmp
+    }
+    rule 200 {
+      action accept
+      destination {
+        port 80,443
+      }
+      log enable
+      protocol tcp
+    }
+    rule 300 {
+      action accept
+      destination {
+        port 20,21
+      }
+      log enable
+      protocol tcp
+    }
+    rule 500 {
+      action accept
+      destination {
+        port 25
+      }
+      log enable
+      protocol tcp
+      source {
+        address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::200
+      }
+    }
+    rule 600 {
+      action accept
+      destination {
+        port 53
+      }
+      log enable
+      protocol tcp_udp
+      source {
+        address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::200
+      }
+    }
+    rule 800 {
+      action accept
+      destination {
+      port 22
+      }
+      log enable
+      protocol tcp
+    }
+  }
+
+Once you have all of your rulesets built, then you need to create your
+zone-policy.
+
+Start by setting the interface and default action for each zone.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  set zone-policy zone dmz default-action drop
+  set zone-policy zone dmz interface eth0.30
+
+In this case, we are setting the v6 ruleset that represents traffic
+sourced from the LAN, destined for the DMZ. Because the zone-policy
+firewall syntax is a little awkward, I keep it straight by thinking of
+it backwards.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  set zone-policy zone dmz from lan firewall ipv6-name lan-dmz-6
+
+DMZ-LAN policy is LAN-DMZ. You can get a rhythm to it when you build out
+a bunch at one time.
+
+In the end, you will end up with something like this config. I took out
+everything but the Firewall, Interfaces, and zone-policy sections. It is
+long enough as is.
+
+
+IPv6 Tunnel
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+If you are using a IPv6 tunnel from HE.net or someone else, the basis is
+the same except you have two WAN interface. One for v4 and one for v6.
+
+You would have 5 zones instead of just 4 and you would configure your v6
+ruleset between your tunnel interface and your LAN/DMZ zones instead of
+to the WAN.
+
+LAN, WAN, DMZ, local and TUN (tunnel)
+
+v6 pairs would be:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  lan-tun
+  lan-local
+  lan-dmz
+  tun-lan
+  tun-local
+  tun-dmz
+  local-lan
+  local-tun
+  local-dmz
+  dmz-lan
+  dmz-tun
+  dmz-local
+
+Notice, none go to WAN since WAN wouldn't have a v6 address on it.
+
+You would have to add a couple of rules on your wan-local ruleset to
+allow protocol 41 in.
+
+Something like:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  rule 400 {
+    action accept
+    destination {
+      address 172.16.10.1
+    }
+    log enable
+    protocol 41
+    source {
+      address ip.of.tunnel.broker
+    }
+  }
+