Merge pull request #1179 from sever-sever/nat64

NAT64: Add example of configuration for NAT64

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+.. _nat64:
+
+#####
+NAT64
+#####
+
+:abbr:`NAT64 (IPv6-to-IPv4 Prefix Translation)` is a critical component in
+modern networking, facilitating communication between IPv6 and IPv4 networks.
+This documentation outlines the setup, configuration, and usage of the NAT64
+feature in your project. Whether you are transitioning to IPv6 or need to
+seamlessly connect IPv4 and IPv6 devices.
+NAT64 is a stateful translation mechanism that translates IPv6 addresses to
+IPv4 addresses and IPv4 addresses to IPv6 addresses. NAT64 is used to enable
+IPv6-only clients to contact IPv4 servers using unicast UDP, TCP, or ICMP.
+
+
+Overview
+========
+
+Different NAT Types
+-------------------
+
+.. _source-nat64:
+
+SNAT64
+^^^^^^
+
+:abbr:`SNAT64 (IPv6-to-IPv4 Source Address Translation)` is a stateful
+translation mechanism that translates IPv6 addresses to IPv4 addresses.
+
+``64:ff9b::/96`` is the well-known prefix for IPv4-embedded IPv6 addresses.
+The prefix is used to represent IPv4 addresses in an IPv6 address format.
+The IPv4 address is encoded in the low-order 32 bits of the IPv6 address.
+The high-order 32 bits are set to the well-known prefix 64:ff9b::/96.
+
+
+Configuration Examples
+======================
+
+The following examples show how to configure NAT64 on a VyOS router.
+The 192.0.2.10 address is used as the IPv4 address for the translation pool.
+
+
+NAT64 server configuration:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '192.0.2.1/24'
+  set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '192.0.2.10/24'
+  set interfaces ethernet eth0 description 'WAN'
+  set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '2001:db8::1/64'
+  set interfaces ethernet eth1 description 'LAN'
+
+  set service dns forwarding allow-from '2001:db8::/64'
+  set service dns forwarding dns64-prefix '64:ff9b::/96'
+  set service dns forwarding listen-address '2001:db8::1'
+
+  set nat64 source rule 100 source prefix '64:ff9b::/96'
+  set nat64 source rule 100 translation pool 10 address '192.0.2.10'
+  set nat64 source rule 100 translation pool 10 port '1-65535'
+
+NAT64 client configuration:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '2001:db8::2/64'
+  set protocols static route6 64:ff9b::/96 next-hop 2001:db8::1
+  set system name-server '2001:db8::1'
+
+Test from the IPv6 only client:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+  vyos@r1:~$ ping 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1 count 2
+  PING 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1(64:ff9b::c000:201) 56 data bytes
+  64 bytes from 64:ff9b::c000:201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.351 ms
+  64 bytes from 64:ff9b::c000:201: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.373 ms
+
+  --- 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1 ping statistics ---
+  2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1023ms
+  rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.351/0.362/0.373/0.011 ms