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authorrebortg <github@ghlr.de>2020-12-08 14:57:44 +0100
committerrebortg <github@ghlr.de>2020-12-08 14:57:44 +0100
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+.. include:: /_include/need_improvement.txt
+
+.. _nptv6:
+
+#####
+NPTv6
+#####
+
+:abbr:`NPTv6 (Network Prefix Translation)` is a form of NAT for IPv6. It's
+described in :rfc:`6296`.
+
+**Usage**
+
+NPTv6 is very useful for IPv6 multihoming. It is also commonly used when the
+external IPv6 prefix is dynamic, as it prevents the need for renumbering of
+internal hosts when the extern prefix changes.
+
+Let's assume the following network configuration:
+
+* eth0 : LAN
+* eth1 : WAN1, with 2001:db8:e1::/48 routed towards it
+* eth2 : WAN2, with 2001:db8:e2::/48 routed towards it
+
+Regarding LAN hosts addressing, why would you choose 2001:db8:e1::/48 over
+2001:db8:e2::/48? What happens when you get a new provider with a different
+routed IPv6 subnet?
+
+The solution here is to assign to your hosts ULAs_ and to prefix-translate
+their address to the right subnet when going through your router.
+
+* LAN Subnet : fc00:dead:beef::/48
+* WAN 1 Subnet : 2001:db8:e1::/48
+* WAN 2 Subnet : 2001:db8:e2::/48
+
+* eth0 addr : fc00:dead:beef::1/48
+* eth1 addr : 2001:db8:e1::1/48
+* eth2 addr : 2001:db8:e2::1/48
+
+VyOS Support
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+NPTv6 support has been added in VyOS 1.2 (Crux) and is available through
+`nat nptv6` configuration nodes.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ set rule 10 source prefix 'fc00:dead:beef::/48'
+ set rule 10 outbound-interface 'eth1'
+ set rule 10 translation prefix '2001:db8:e1::/48'
+ set rule 20 source prefix 'fc00:dead:beef::/48'
+ set rule 20 outbound-interface 'eth2'
+ set rule 20 translation prefix '2001:db8:e2::/48'
+
+Resulting in the following ip6tables rules:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ Chain VYOS_DNPT_HOOK (1 references)
+ pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
+ 0 0 NETMAP all eth1 any anywhere 2001:db8:e1::/48 to:fc00:dead:beef::/48
+ 0 0 NETMAP all eth2 any anywhere 2001:db8:e2::/48 to:fc00:dead:beef::/48
+ 0 0 RETURN all any any anywhere anywhere
+ Chain VYOS_SNPT_HOOK (1 references)
+ pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
+ 0 0 NETMAP all any eth1 fc00:dead:beef::/48 anywhere to:2001:db8:e1::/48
+ 0 0 NETMAP all any eth2 fc00:dead:beef::/48 anywhere to:2001:db8:e2::/48
+ 0 0 RETURN all any any anywhere anywhere
+
+.. _ULAs: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique_local_address