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authorcurrite <sll@disroot.org>2020-06-22 16:58:05 +0200
committercurrite <sll@disroot.org>2020-06-22 16:58:05 +0200
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multicast: new pim and igmp documentation and append existing igmp-proxy
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+.. _multicast:
+
+#########
+Multicast
+#########
+
+VyOS facilitates IP Multicast by supporting **PIM Sparse Mode**,
+**IGMP** and **IGMP-Proxy**.
+
+
+************
+PIM and IGMP
+************
+
+PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) must be configured in every
+interface of every participating router. Every router must also have the
+location of the Rendevouz Point manually configured. Then,
+unidirectional shared trees rooted at the Rendevouz Point will
+automatically be built for multicast distribution.
+
+Traffic from multicast sources will go to the Rendezvous Point, and
+receivers will pull it from a shared tree using IGMP (Internet Group
+Management Protocol).
+
+Multicast receivers will talk IGMP to their local router, so, besides
+having PIM configured in every router, IGMP must also be configured in
+any router where there could be a multicast receiver locally connected.
+
+VyOS supports both IGMP version 2 and version 3 (which allows
+source-specific multicast).
+
+
+Example
+-------
+
+In the following example we can see a basic multicast setup:
+
+.. image:: /_static/images/multicast-basic.png
+ :width: 90%
+ :align: center
+ :alt: Network Topology Diagram
+
+
+
+**Router 1**
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ set interfaces ethernet eth2 address '172.16.0.2/24'
+ set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '100.64.0.1/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.0.0/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '100.64.0.0/24'
+ set protocols igmp interface eth1
+ set protocols pim interface eth1
+ set protocols pim interface eth2
+ set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4'
+
+**Router 3**
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ set interfaces dummy dum0 address '172.16.255.1/24'
+ set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '172.16.0.1/24'
+ set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '172.16.1.1/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.0.0/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.255.0/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.1.0/24'
+ set protocols pim interface dum0
+ set protocols pim interface eth0
+ set protocols pim interface eth1
+ set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4'
+
+**Router 2**
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '10.0.0.1/24'
+ set interfaces ethernet eth2 address '172.16.1.2/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '10.0.0.0/24'
+ set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.1.0/24'
+ set protocols pim interface eth1
+ set protocols pim interface eth2
+ set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4'
+
+
+
+
+
+Basic commands
+--------------
+
+These are the commands for a basic setup.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim interface <interface-name>
+
+ Use this command to enable PIM in the selected interface so that it
+ can communicate with PIM neighbors.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim rp address <address> group <multicast-address/mask-bits>
+
+ Use this comand to manually configure a Rendevouz Point for PIM so
+ that join messages can be sent there. Set the Rendevouz Point address
+ and the matching prefix of group ranges covered. These values must
+ be shared with every router participating in the PIM network.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface eth1
+
+ Use this command to configure an interface with IGMP so that PIM can
+ receive IGMP reports and query on the selected interface. By defaul
+ IGMP version 3 will be used.
+
+
+
+Tuning commands
+---------------
+
+You can also tune multicast with the following commands.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim interface <interface> dr-priority <value>
+
+ Use this PIM command in the selected interface to set the priority
+ (1-4294967295) you want to influence in the election of a node to
+ become the Designated Router for a LAN segment. The default priority
+ is 1, set a higher value to give the router more preference in the
+ DR election process.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim int <interface> hello <seconds>
+
+ Use this command to configure the PIM hello interval in seconds
+ (1-180) for the selected interface.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim rp keep-alive-timer <seconds>
+
+ Use this PIM command to modify the the time out value (31-60000
+ seconds) for an `(S,G) <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7761#section-4.1>`_
+ flow. 31 seconds is chosen for a lower bound as some hardware
+ platforms cannot see data flowing in better than 30 second chunks.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface> join <multicast-address> source <IP-address>
+
+ Use this command to allow the selected interface join a multicast
+ group defining the multicast address you want to join and the source
+ IP address too.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface query-interval <seconds>
+
+ Use this command to configure in the selected interface the IGMP
+ host query interval (1-1800) in seconds that PIM will use.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface query-max-response-time <deciseconds>
+
+ Use this command to configure in the selected interface the IGMP
+ query response timeout value (10-250) in deciseconds. If a report is
+ not returned in the specified time, it will be asumed the `(S,G) or
+ (*,G) state <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7761#section-4.1>`_ has
+ timed out.
+
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface> version <version-number>
+
+ Use this command to define in the selected interface whether you
+ choose IGMP version 2 or 3. The default value is 3.
+
+
+
+**********
+IGMP Proxy
+**********
+
+:abbr:`IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)` proxy sends IGMP host messages
+on behalf of a connected client. The configuration must define one, and only one
+upstream interface, and one or more downstream interfaces.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy interface <interface> role <upstream | downstream>
+
+ * **upstream:** The upstream network interface is the outgoing interface
+ which is responsible for communicating to available multicast data sources.
+ There can only be one upstream interface.
+
+ * **downstream:** Downstream network interfaces are the distribution
+ interfaces to the destination networks, where multicast clients can join
+ groups and receive multicast data. One or more downstream interfaces must
+ be configured.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy interface <interface> alt-subnet <network>
+
+ Defines alternate sources for multicasting and IGMP data. The network address
+ must be on the following format 'a.b.c.d/n'. By default the router will
+ accept data from sources on the same network as configured on an interface.
+ If the multicast source lies on a remote network, one must define from where
+ traffic should be accepted.
+
+ This is especially useful for the upstream interface, since the source for
+ multicast traffic is often from a remote location.
+
+ This option can be supplied multiple times.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy disable-quickleave
+
+ Disables quickleave mode. In this mode the daemon will not send a Leave IGMP
+ message upstream as soon as it receives a Leave message for any downstream
+ interface. The daemon will not ask for Membership reports on the downstream
+ interfaces, and if a report is received the group is not joined again
+ upstream.
+
+ If it's vital that the daemon should act exactly as a real multicast client
+ on the upstream interface, this function should be enabled.
+
+ Enabling this function increases the risk of bandwidth saturation.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy disable
+
+ Disable this service.
+
+Example
+-------
+
+Interface `eth1` LAN is behind NAT. In order to subscribe `10.0.0.0/23` subnet
+multicast which is in `eth0` WAN we need to configure igmp-proxy.
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth0 role upstream
+ set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth0 alt-subnet 10.0.0.0/23
+ set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth1 role downstream
+
+Operation
+=========
+
+.. opcmd:: restart igmp-proxy
+
+ Restart the IGMP proxy process.
+
+
+