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authorrebortg <github@ghlr.de>2020-11-30 20:53:36 +0100
committerrebortg <github@ghlr.de>2020-11-30 20:53:36 +0100
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-.. _rpki:
-
-####
-RPKI
-####
-
-.. pull-quote::
-
- There are two types of Network Admins who deal with BGP, those who have
- created an international incident and/or outage, and those who are lying
-
- -- `tweet by EvilMog`_, 2020-02-21
-
-:abbr:`RPKI (Resource Public Key Infrastructure)` is a framework :abbr:`PKI
-(Public Key Infrastructure)` designed to secure the Internet routing
-infrastructure. It associates BGP route announcements with the correct
-originating :abbr:`ASN (Autonomus System Number)` which BGP routers can then
-use to check each route against the corresponding :abbr:`ROA (Route Origin
-Authorisation)` for validity. RPKI is described in :rfc:`6480`.
-
-A BGP-speaking router like VyOS can retrieve ROA information from RPKI
-"Relying Party software" (often just called an "RPKI server" or "RPKI
-validator") by using :abbr:`RTR (RPKI to Router)` protocol. There are several
-open source implementations to choose from, such as NLNetLabs' Routinator_
-(written in Rust), Cloudflare's GoRTR_ and OctoRPKI_ (written in Go), and
-RIPE NCC's RPKI Validator_ (written in Java). The RTR protocol is described
-in :rfc:`8210`.
-
-.. tip::
- If you are new to these routing security technologies then there is an
- `excellent guide to RPKI`_ by NLnet Labs which will get you up to speed
- very quickly. Their documentation explains everything from what RPKI is to
- deploying it in production (albeit with a focus on using NLnet Labs'
- tools). It also has some `help and operational guidance`_ including
- "What can I do about my route having an Invalid state?"
-
-First you will need to deploy an RPKI validator for your routers to use. The
-RIPE NCC helpfully provide `some instructions`_ to get you started with
-several different options. Once your server is running you can start
-validating announcements.
-
-Imported prefixes during the validation may have values:
-
- valid
- The prefix and ASN that originated it match a signed ROA. These are
- probably trustworthy route announcements.
-
- invalid
- The prefix or prefix length and ASN that originated it doesn't
- match any existing ROA. This could be the result of a prefix hijack, or
- merely a misconfiguration, but should probably be treated as
- untrustworthy route announcements.
-
- notfound
- No ROA exists which covers that prefix. Unfortunately this is the case
- for about 80% of the IPv4 prefixes which were announced to the :abbr:`DFZ
- (default-free zone)` at the start of 2020 (see more detail in
- NLnet Labs' `RPKI analytics`_).
-
-.. note::
- If you are responsible for the global addresses assigned to your
- network, please make sure that your prefixes have ROAs associated with them
- to avoid being `notfound` by RPKI. For most ASNs this will involve
- publishing ROAs via your :abbr:`RIR (Regional Internet Registry)` (RIPE
- NCC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC or AFRINIC), and is something you are encouraged
- to do whenever you plan to announce addresses into the DFZ.
-
- Particularly large networks may wish to run their own RPKI certificate
- authority and publication server instead of publishing ROAs via their RIR.
- This is a subject far beyond the scope of VyOS' documentation. Consider
- reading about Krill_ if this is a rabbit hole you need or especially want
- to dive down.
-
-We can build route-maps for import based on these states. Here is a simple
-RPKI configuration, where `routinator` is the RPKI-validating "cache"
-server with ip `192.0.2.1`:
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set protocols rpki cache routinator address '192.0.2.1'
- set protocols rpki cache routinator port '3323'
-
-Here is an example route-map to apply to routes learned at import. In this
-filter we reject prefixes with the state `invalid`, and set a higher
-`local-preference` if the prefix is RPKI `valid` rather than merely
-`notfound`.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 10 action 'permit'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 10 match rpki 'valid'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 10 set local-preference '300'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 20 action 'permit'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 20 match rpki 'notfound'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 20 set local-preference '125'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 30 action 'deny'
- set policy route-map ROUTES-IN rule 30 match rpki 'invalid'
-
-Once your routers are configured to reject RPKI-invalid prefixes, you can
-test whether the configuration is working correctly using the `RIPE Labs RPKI
-Test`_ experimental tool.
-
-.. _tweet by EvilMog: https://twitter.com/Evil_Mog/status/1230924170508169216
-.. _Routinator: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/projects/rpki/routinator/
-.. _GoRTR: https://github.com/cloudflare/gortr
-.. _OctoRPKI: https://github.com/cloudflare/cfrpki#octorpki
-.. _Validator: https://www.ripe.net/manage-ips-and-asns/resource-management/certification/tools-and-resources
-.. _some instructions: https://labs.ripe.net/Members/tashi_phuntsho_3/how-to-install-an-rpki-validator
-.. _Krill: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/projects/rpki/krill/
-.. _RPKI analytics: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/projects/rpki/rpki-analytics/
-.. _RIPE Labs RPKI Test: https://sg-pub.ripe.net/jasper/rpki-web-test/
-.. _excellent guide to RPKI: https://rpki.readthedocs.io/
-.. _help and operational guidance: https://rpki.readthedocs.io/en/latest/about/help.html