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diff --git a/docs/configuration/vpn/l2tp.rst b/docs/configuration/vpn/l2tp.rst index ce3b6711..f0c60ec1 100644 --- a/docs/configuration/vpn/l2tp.rst +++ b/docs/configuration/vpn/l2tp.rst @@ -1,30 +1,80 @@ .. _l2tp: +#### L2TP ----- +#### VyOS utilizes accel-ppp_ to provide L2TP server functionality. It can be used with local authentication or a connected RADIUS server. -L2TP over IPsec -=============== - -Example for configuring a simple L2TP over IPsec VPN for remote access (works -with native Windows and Mac VPN clients): +*********************** +Configuring L2TP Server +*********************** .. code-block:: none - set vpn ipsec interface eth0 - - set vpn l2tp remote-access outside-address 192.0.2.2 + set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode local + set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test password 'test' set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ip-pool L2TP-POOL range 192.168.255.2-192.168.255.254 set vpn l2tp remote-access default-pool 'L2TP-POOL' + set vpn l2tp remote-access outside-address 192.0.2.2 + set vpn l2tp remote-access gateway-address 192.168.255.1 + + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode <local | radius> + + Set authentication backend. The configured authentication backend is used + for all queries. + + * **radius**: All authentication queries are handled by a configured RADIUS + server. + * **local**: All authentication queries are handled locally. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username <user> password + <pass> + + Create `<user>` for local authentication on this system. The users password + will be set to `<pass>`. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ip-pool <POOL-NAME> range <x.x.x.x-x.x.x.x | x.x.x.x/x> + + Use this command to define the first IP address of a pool of + addresses to be given to l2tp clients. If notation ``x.x.x.x-x.x.x.x``, + it must be within a /24 subnet. If notation ``x.x.x.x/x`` is + used there is possibility to set host/netmask. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access default-pool <POOL-NAME> + + Use this command to define default address pool name. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access gateway-address <gateway> + + Specifies single `<gateway>` IP address to be used as local address of PPP + interfaces. + +***************** +Configuring IPsec +***************** + +.. code-block:: none + + set vpn ipsec interface eth0 set vpn l2tp remote-access ipsec-settings authentication mode pre-shared-secret set vpn l2tp remote-access ipsec-settings authentication pre-shared-secret <secret> - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode local - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test password 'test' -In the above example, an external IP of 192.0.2.2 is assumed. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn ipsec interface <INTERFACE> + + Use this command to define IPsec interface. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ipsec-settings authentication mode <pre-shared-secret | x509> + + Set mode for IPsec authentication between VyOS and L2TP clients. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ipsec-settings authentication mode <pre-shared-secret | x509> + + Set predefined shared secret phrase. + If a local firewall policy is in place on your external interface you will need to allow the ports below: @@ -64,156 +114,150 @@ To allow VPN-clients access via your external address, a NAT rule is required: set nat source rule 110 source address '192.168.255.0/24' set nat source rule 110 translation address masquerade +********************************* +Configuring RADIUS authentication +********************************* -VPN-clients will request configuration parameters, optionally you can DNS -parameter to the client. +To enable RADIUS based authentication, the authentication mode needs to be +changed within the configuration. Previous settings like the local users, still +exists within the configuration, however they are not used if the mode has been +changed from local to radius. Once changed back to local, it will use all local +accounts again. .. code-block:: none - set vpn l2tp remote-access name-server '198.51.100.8' - set vpn l2tp remote-access name-server '198.51.100.4' - -Established sessions can be viewed using the **show l2tp-server sessions** -operational command + set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode radius -.. code-block:: none +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server <server> key <secret> - vyos@vyos:~$ show l2tp-server sessions - ifname | username | ip | ip6 | ip6-dp | calling-sid | rate-limit | state | uptime | rx-bytes | tx-bytes - --------+----------+---------------+-----+--------+-------------+------------+--------+----------+----------+---------- - l2tp0 | test | 192.168.255.3 | | | 192.168.0.36 | | active | 02:01:47 | 7.7 KiB | 1.2 KiB + Configure RADIUS `<server>` and its required shared `<secret>` for + communicating with the RADIUS server. +Since the RADIUS server would be a single point of failure, multiple RADIUS +servers can be setup and will be used subsequentially. +For example: +.. code-block:: none -LNS (L2TP Network Server) -========================= + set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server 10.0.0.1 key 'foo' + set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server 10.0.0.2 key 'foo' -LNS are often used to connect to a LAC (L2TP Access Concentrator). +.. note:: Some RADIUS_ severs use an access control list which allows or denies + queries, make sure to add your VyOS router to the allowed client list. -Below is an example to configure a LNS: +RADIUS source address +===================== -.. code-block:: none +If you are using OSPF as IGP, always the closest interface connected to the +RADIUS server is used. With VyOS 1.2 you can bind all outgoing RADIUS requests +to a single source IP e.g. the loopback interface. - set vpn l2tp remote-access outside-address 192.0.2.2 - set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ip-pool L2TP-POOL range 192.168.255.2-192.168.255.254 - set vpn l2tp remote-access default-pool 'L2TP-POOL' - set vpn l2tp remote-access lns shared-secret 'secret' - set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options disable-ccp - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode local - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test password 'test' +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius source-address <address> -The example above uses 192.0.2.2 as external IP address. A LAC normally requires -an authentication password, which is set in the example configuration to -``lns shared-secret 'secret'``. This setup requires the Compression Control -Protocol (CCP) being disabled, the command ``set vpn l2tp remote-access -ccp-disable`` accomplishes that. + Source IPv4 address used in all RADIUS server queires. +.. note:: The ``source-address`` must be configured on one of VyOS interface. + Best practice would be a loopback or dummy interface. -Bandwidth Shaping -================= +RADIUS advanced options +======================= -Bandwidth rate limits can be set for local users or via RADIUS based attributes. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server <server> port <port> -Bandwidth Shaping for local users -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + Configure RADIUS `<server>` and its required port for authentication requests. -The rate-limit is set in kbit/sec. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server <server> fail-time <time> -.. code-block:: none + Mark RADIUS server as offline for this given `<time>` in seconds. - set vpn l2tp remote-access outside-address 192.0.2.2 - set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ip-pool L2TP-POOL range 192.168.255.2-192.168.255.254 - set vpn l2tp remote-access default-pool 'L2TP-POOL' - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode local - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test password test - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test rate-limit download 20480 - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username test rate-limit upload 10240 +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server <server> disable - vyos@vyos:~$ show l2tp-server sessions - ifname | username | ip | ip6 | ip6-dp | calling-sid | rate-limit | state | uptime | rx-bytes | tx-bytes - --------+----------+---------------+-----+--------+-------------+------------+--------+----------+----------+---------- - l2tp0 | test | 192.168.255.3 | | | 192.168.0.36 | | active | 02:01:47 | 7.7 KiB | 1.2 KiB + Temporary disable this RADIUS server. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius acct-timeout <timeout> -RADIUS authentication -====================== + Timeout to wait reply for Interim-Update packets. (default 3 seconds) -To enable RADIUS based authentication, the authentication mode needs to be -changed within the configuration. Previous settings like the local users, still -exists within the configuration, however they are not used if the mode has been -changed from local to radius. Once changed back to local, it will use all local -accounts again. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius dynamic-author server <address> -.. code-block:: none + Specifies IP address for Dynamic Authorization Extension server (DM/CoA) - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication mode <local|radius> +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius dynamic-author port <port> -Since the RADIUS server would be a single point of failure, multiple RADIUS -servers can be setup and will be used subsequentially. + Port for Dynamic Authorization Extension server (DM/CoA) -.. code-block:: none +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius dynamic-author key <secret> - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server 10.0.0.1 key 'foo' - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius server 10.0.0.2 key 'foo' + Secret for Dynamic Authorization Extension server (DM/CoA) -.. note:: Some RADIUS_ severs use an access control list which allows or denies - queries, make sure to add your VyOS router to the allowed client list. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius max-try <number> -RADIUS source address -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + Maximum number of tries to send Access-Request/Accounting-Request queries -If you are using OSPF as IGP, always the closest interface connected to the -RADIUS server is used. With VyOS 1.2 you can bind all outgoing RADIUS requests -to a single source IP e.g. the loopback interface. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius timeout <timeout> -.. code-block:: none + Timeout to wait response from server (seconds) - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius source-address 10.0.0.3 +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius nas-identifier <identifier> -Above command will use `10.0.0.3` as source IPv4 address for all RADIUS queries -on this NAS. + Value to send to RADIUS server in NAS-Identifier attribute and to be matched + in DM/CoA requests. -.. note:: The ``source-address`` must be configured on one of VyOS interface. - Best practice would be a loopback or dummy interface. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius nas-ip-address <address> -RADIUS bandwidth shaping attribute -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + Value to send to RADIUS server in NAS-IP-Address attribute and to be matched + in DM/CoA requests. Also DM/CoA server will bind to that address. -To enable bandwidth shaping via RADIUS, the option rate-limit needs to be -enabled. +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius source-address <address> -.. code-block:: none + Source IPv4 address used in all RADIUS server queires. - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius rate-limit enable +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius rate-limit attribute <attribute> -The default RADIUS attribute for rate limiting is ``Filter-Id``, but you may -also redefine it. + Specifies which RADIUS server attribute contains the rate limit information. + The default attribute is `Filter-Id`. -.. code-block:: none +.. note:: If you set a custom RADIUS attribute you must define it on both + dictionaries at RADIUS server and client. - set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius rate-limit attribute Download-Speed +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius rate-limit enable -.. note:: If you set a custom RADIUS attribute you must define it on both - dictionaries at RADIUS server and client, which is the vyos router in our - example. + Enables bandwidth shaping via RADIUS. -The RADIUS dictionaries in VyOS are located at ``/usr/share/accel-ppp/radius/`` +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication radius rate-limit vendor -RADIUS advanced features -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + Specifies the vendor dictionary, dictionary needs to be in + /usr/share/accel-ppp/radius. Received RADIUS attributes have a higher priority than parameters defined within the CLI configuration, refer to the explanation below. Allocation clients ip addresses by RADIUS -***************************************** +========================================= If the RADIUS server sends the attribute ``Framed-IP-Address`` then this IP -address will be allocated to the client and the option ip-pool within the CLI +address will be allocated to the client and the option ``default-pool`` within the CLI config is being ignored. +If the RADIUS server sends the attribute ``Framed-Pool``, IP address will be allocated +from a predefined IP pool whose name equals the attribute value. + +If the RADIUS server sends the attribute ``Stateful-IPv6-Address-Pool``, IPv6 address +will be allocated from a predefined IPv6 pool ``prefix`` whose name equals the attribute value. + +If the RADIUS server sends the attribute ``Delegated-IPv6-Prefix-Pool``, IPv6 +delegation pefix will be allocated from a predefined IPv6 pool ``delegate`` +whose name equals the attribute value. + +.. note:: ``Stateful-IPv6-Address-Pool`` and ``Delegated-IPv6-Prefix-Pool`` are defined in + RFC6911. If they are not defined in your RADIUS server, add new dictionary_. + +User interface can be put to VRF context via RADIUS Access-Accept packet, or change +it via RADIUS CoA. ``Accel-VRF-Name`` is used from these purposes. It is custom `ACCEL-PPP attribute`_. +Define it in your RADIUS server. + Renaming clients interfaces by RADIUS -************************************* +===================================== If the RADIUS server uses the attribute ``NAS-Port-Id``, ppp tunnels will be renamed. @@ -221,6 +265,301 @@ renamed. .. note:: The value of the attribute ``NAS-Port-Id`` must be less than 16 characters, otherwise the interface won't be renamed. +************************************* +Configuring LNS (L2TP Network Server) +************************************* + +LNS are often used to connect to a LAC (L2TP Access Concentrator). + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access lns host-name <hostname> + + Sent to the client (LAC) in the Host-Name attribute + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access lns shared-secret <secret> + + Tunnel password used to authenticate the client (LAC) + +To explain the usage of LNS follow our blueprint :ref:`examples-lac-lns`. + +**** +IPv6 +**** +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv6 <require | prefer | allow | deny> + + Specifies IPv6 negotiation preference. + + * **require** - Require IPv6 negotiation + * **prefer** - Ask client for IPv6 negotiation, do not fail if it rejects + * **allow** - Negotiate IPv6 only if client requests + * **deny** - Do not negotiate IPv6 (default value) + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ipv6-pool <IPv6-POOL-NAME> prefix <address> + mask <number-of-bits> + + Use this comand to set the IPv6 address pool from which an l2tp client + will get an IPv6 prefix of your defined length (mask) to terminate the + l2tp endpoint at their side. The mask length can be set from 48 to 128 + bit long, the default value is 64. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ipv6-pool <IPv6-POOL-NAME> delegate <address> + delegation-prefix <number-of-bits> + + Use this command to configure DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation (RFC3633) on + l2tp. You will have to set your IPv6 pool and the length of the + delegation prefix. From the defined IPv6 pool you will be handing out + networks of the defined length (delegation-prefix). The length of the + delegation prefix can be set from 32 to 64 bit long. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access default-ipv6-pool <IPv6-POOL-NAME> + + Use this command to define default IPv6 address pool name. + +.. code-block:: none + + set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv6 allow + set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ipv6-pool IPv6-POOL delegate '2001:db8:8003::/48' delegation-prefix '56' + set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ipv6-pool IPV6-POOL prefix '2001:db8:8002::/48' mask '64' + set vpn l2tp remote-access default-ipv6-pool IPv6-POOL + +IPv6 Advanced Options +===================== +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv6-accept-peer-interface-id + + Accept peer interface identifier. By default is not defined. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv6-interface-id <random | x:x:x:x> + + Specifies fixed or random interface identifier for IPv6. + By default is fixed. + + * **random** - Random interface identifier for IPv6 + * **x:x:x:x** - Specify interface identifier for IPv6 + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv6-interface-id <random | x:x:x:x> + + Specifies peer interface identifier for IPv6. By default is fixed. + + * **random** - Random interface identifier for IPv6 + * **x:x:x:x** - Specify interface identifier for IPv6 + * **ipv4-addr** - Calculate interface identifier from IPv4 address. + * **calling-sid** - Calculate interface identifier from calling-station-id. + +********* +Scripting +********* + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access extended-scripts on-change <path_to_script> + + Script to run when session interface changed by RADIUS CoA handling + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access extended-scripts on-down <path_to_script> + + Script to run when session interface going to terminate + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access extended-scripts on-pre-up <path_to_script> + + Script to run before session interface comes up + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access extended-scripts on-up <path_to_script> + + Script to run when session interface is completely configured and started + +**************** +Advanced Options +**************** + +Authentication Advanced Options +=============================== + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username <user> disable + + Disable `<user>` account. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username <user> static-ip + <address> + + Assign static IP address to `<user>` account. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username <user> rate-limit + download <bandwidth> + + Download bandwidth limit in kbit/s for `<user>`. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication local-users username <user> rate-limit + upload <bandwidth> + + Upload bandwidth limit in kbit/s for `<user>`. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access authentication protocols + <pap | chap | mschap | mschap-v2> + + Require the peer to authenticate itself using one of the following protocols: + pap, chap, mschap, mschap-v2. + +Client IP Pool Advanced Options +=============================== + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access client-ip-pool <POOL-NAME> next-pool <NEXT-POOL-NAME> + + Use this command to define the next address pool name. + +PPP Advanced Options +==================== + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options disable-ccp + + Disable Compression Control Protocol (CCP). + CCP is enabled by default. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options interface-cache <number> + + Specifies number of interfaces to keep in cache. It means that don’t + destroy interface after corresponding session is destroyed, instead + place it to cache and use it later for new sessions repeatedly. + This should reduce kernel-level interface creation/deletion rate lack. + Default value is **0**. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options ipv4 <require | prefer | allow | deny> + + Specifies IPv4 negotiation preference. + + * **require** - Require IPv4 negotiation + * **prefer** - Ask client for IPv4 negotiation, do not fail if it rejects + * **allow** - Negotiate IPv4 only if client requests (Default value) + * **deny** - Do not negotiate IPv4 + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options lcp-echo-failure <number> + + Defines the maximum `<number>` of unanswered echo requests. Upon reaching the + value `<number>`, the session will be reset. Default value is **3**. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options lcp-echo-interval <interval> + + If this option is specified and is greater than 0, then the PPP module will + send LCP pings of the echo request every `<interval>` seconds. + Default value is **30**. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options lcp-echo-timeout + + Specifies timeout in seconds to wait for any peer activity. If this option + specified it turns on adaptive lcp echo functionality and "lcp-echo-failure" + is not used. Default value is **0**. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options min-mtu <number> + + Defines minimum acceptable MTU. If client will try to negotiate less then + specified MTU then it will be NAKed or disconnected if rejects greater MTU. + Default value is **100**. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options mppe <require | prefer | deny> + + Specifies :abbr:`MPPE (Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption)` negotiation + preference. + + * **require** - ask client for mppe, if it rejects drop connection + * **prefer** - ask client for mppe, if it rejects don't fail. (Default value) + * **deny** - deny mppe + + Default behavior - don't ask client for mppe, but allow it if client wants. + Please note that RADIUS may override this option by MS-MPPE-Encryption-Policy + attribute. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access ppp-options mru <number> + + Defines preferred MRU. By default is not defined. + +Global Advanced options +======================= + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access description <description> + + Set description. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access limits burst <value> + + Burst count + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access limits connection-limit <value> + + Acceptable rate of connections (e.g. 1/min, 60/sec) + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access limits timeout <value> + + Timeout in seconds + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access mtu + + Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) (default: **1436**) + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access max-concurrent-sessions + + Maximum number of concurrent session start attempts + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access name-server <address> + + Connected client should use `<address>` as their DNS server. This + command accepts both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. Up to two nameservers + can be configured for IPv4, up to three for IPv6. + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access shaper fwmark <1-2147483647> + + Match firewall mark value + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access snmp master-agent + + Enable SNMP + +.. cfgcmd:: set vpn l2tp remote-access wins-server <address> + + Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) servers propagated to client + +********** +Monitoring +********** + +.. code-block:: none + + vyos@vyos:~$ show l2tp-server sessions + ifname | username | ip | ip6 | ip6-dp | calling-sid | rate-limit | state | uptime | rx-bytes | tx-bytes + --------+----------+---------------+-----+--------+-------------+------------+--------+----------+----------+---------- + l2tp0 | test | 192.168.255.3 | | | 192.168.0.36 | | active | 02:01:47 | 7.7 KiB | 1.2 KiB + +.. code-block:: none + + vyos@vyos:~$ show l2tp-server statistics + uptime: 0.02:49:49 + cpu: 0% + mem(rss/virt): 5920/100892 kB + core: + mempool_allocated: 133202 + mempool_available: 131770 + thread_count: 1 + thread_active: 1 + context_count: 5 + context_sleeping: 0 + context_pending: 0 + md_handler_count: 3 + md_handler_pending: 0 + timer_count: 0 + timer_pending: 0 + sessions: + starting: 0 + active: 0 + finishing: 0 + l2tp: + tunnels: + starting: 0 + active: 0 + finishing: 0 + sessions (control channels): + starting: 0 + active: 0 + finishing: 0 + sessions (data channels): + starting: 0 + active: 0 + finishing: 0 + .. _`Google Public DNS`: https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns .. _Quad9: https://quad9.net @@ -230,3 +569,5 @@ renamed. .. _FreeRADIUS: https://freeradius.org .. _`Network Policy Server`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Policy_Server .. _accel-ppp: https://accel-ppp.org/ +.. _dictionary: https://github.com/accel-ppp/accel-ppp/blob/master/accel-pppd/radius/dict/dictionary.rfc6911 +.. _`ACCEL-PPP attribute`: https://github.com/accel-ppp/accel-ppp/blob/master/accel-pppd/radius/dict/dictionary.accel |