diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/routing/multicast.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/multicast.rst | 245 |
1 files changed, 245 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/routing/multicast.rst b/docs/routing/multicast.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d20d8e31 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/multicast.rst @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ +.. _multicast: + +######### +Multicast +######### + +VyOS facilitates IP Multicast by supporting **PIM Sparse Mode**, +**IGMP** and **IGMP-Proxy**. + + +************ +PIM and IGMP +************ + +PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) must be configured in every +interface of every participating router. Every router must also have the +location of the Rendevouz Point manually configured. Then, +unidirectional shared trees rooted at the Rendevouz Point will +automatically be built for multicast distribution. + +Traffic from multicast sources will go to the Rendezvous Point, and +receivers will pull it from a shared tree using IGMP (Internet Group +Management Protocol). + +Multicast receivers will talk IGMP to their local router, so, besides +having PIM configured in every router, IGMP must also be configured in +any router where there could be a multicast receiver locally connected. + +VyOS supports both IGMP version 2 and version 3 (which allows +source-specific multicast). + + +Example +======= + +In the following example we can see a basic multicast setup: + +.. image:: /_static/images/multicast-basic.png + :width: 90% + :align: center + :alt: Network Topology Diagram + + + +**Router 1** + +.. code-block:: none + + set interfaces ethernet eth2 address '172.16.0.2/24' + set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '100.64.0.1/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.0.0/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '100.64.0.0/24' + set protocols igmp interface eth1 + set protocols pim interface eth1 + set protocols pim interface eth2 + set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4' + +**Router 3** + +.. code-block:: none + + set interfaces dummy dum0 address '172.16.255.1/24' + set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '172.16.0.1/24' + set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '172.16.1.1/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.0.0/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.255.0/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.1.0/24' + set protocols pim interface dum0 + set protocols pim interface eth0 + set protocols pim interface eth1 + set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4' + +**Router 2** + +.. code-block:: none + + set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '10.0.0.1/24' + set interfaces ethernet eth2 address '172.16.1.2/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '10.0.0.0/24' + set protocols ospf area 0 network '172.16.1.0/24' + set protocols pim interface eth1 + set protocols pim interface eth2 + set protocols pim rp address 172.16.255.1 group '224.0.0.0/4' + + + + + +Basic commands +============== + +These are the commands for a basic setup. + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim interface <interface-name> + + Use this command to enable PIM in the selected interface so that it + can communicate with PIM neighbors. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim rp address <address> group <multicast-address/mask-bits> + + Use this comand to manually configure a Rendevouz Point for PIM so + that join messages can be sent there. Set the Rendevouz Point address + and the matching prefix of group ranges covered. These values must + be shared with every router participating in the PIM network. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface eth1 + + Use this command to configure an interface with IGMP so that PIM can + receive IGMP reports and query on the selected interface. By defaul + IGMP version 3 will be used. + + + +Tuning commands +=============== + +You can also tune multicast with the following commands. + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim interface <interface> dr-priority <value> + + Use this PIM command in the selected interface to set the priority + (1-4294967295) you want to influence in the election of a node to + become the Designated Router for a LAN segment. The default priority + is 1, set a higher value to give the router more preference in the + DR election process. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim int <interface> hello <seconds> + + Use this command to configure the PIM hello interval in seconds + (1-180) for the selected interface. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols pim rp keep-alive-timer <seconds> + + Use this PIM command to modify the the time out value (31-60000 + seconds) for an `(S,G) <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7761#section-4.1>`_ + flow. 31 seconds is chosen for a lower bound as some hardware + platforms cannot see data flowing in better than 30 second chunks. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface> join <multicast-address> source <IP-address> + + Use this command to allow the selected interface join a multicast + group defining the multicast address you want to join and the source + IP address too. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface query-interval <seconds> + + Use this command to configure in the selected interface the IGMP + host query interval (1-1800) in seconds that PIM will use. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface query-max-response-time <deciseconds> + + Use this command to configure in the selected interface the IGMP + query response timeout value (10-250) in deciseconds. If a report is + not returned in the specified time, it will be asumed the `(S,G) or + (*,G) state <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7761#section-4.1>`_ has + timed out. + + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp interface <interface> version <version-number> + + Use this command to define in the selected interface whether you + choose IGMP version 2 or 3. The default value is 3. + + + +********** +IGMP Proxy +********** + +:abbr:`IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)` proxy sends IGMP host messages +on behalf of a connected client. The configuration must define one, and only one +upstream interface, and one or more downstream interfaces. + +Configuration +============= + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy interface <interface> role <upstream | downstream> + + * **upstream:** The upstream network interface is the outgoing interface + which is responsible for communicating to available multicast data sources. + There can only be one upstream interface. + + * **downstream:** Downstream network interfaces are the distribution + interfaces to the destination networks, where multicast clients can join + groups and receive multicast data. One or more downstream interfaces must + be configured. + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy interface <interface> alt-subnet <network> + + Defines alternate sources for multicasting and IGMP data. The network address + must be on the following format 'a.b.c.d/n'. By default the router will + accept data from sources on the same network as configured on an interface. + If the multicast source lies on a remote network, one must define from where + traffic should be accepted. + + This is especially useful for the upstream interface, since the source for + multicast traffic is often from a remote location. + + This option can be supplied multiple times. + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy disable-quickleave + + Disables quickleave mode. In this mode the daemon will not send a Leave IGMP + message upstream as soon as it receives a Leave message for any downstream + interface. The daemon will not ask for Membership reports on the downstream + interfaces, and if a report is received the group is not joined again + upstream. + + If it's vital that the daemon should act exactly as a real multicast client + on the upstream interface, this function should be enabled. + + Enabling this function increases the risk of bandwidth saturation. + +.. cfgcmd:: set protocols igmp-proxy disable + + Disable this service. + +Example +------- + +Interface `eth1` LAN is behind NAT. In order to subscribe `10.0.0.0/23` subnet +multicast which is in `eth0` WAN we need to configure igmp-proxy. + +.. code-block:: none + + set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth0 role upstream + set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth0 alt-subnet 10.0.0.0/23 + set protocols igmp-proxy interface eth1 role downstream + +Operation +========= + +.. opcmd:: restart igmp-proxy + + Restart the IGMP proxy process. + + + |