diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/routing')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/arp.rst | 34 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/bgp.rst | 144 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/index.rst | 20 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/ospf.rst | 65 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/pbr.rst | 98 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/rip.rst | 22 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/routing/static.rst | 29 |
7 files changed, 412 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/routing/arp.rst b/docs/routing/arp.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ceceebf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/arp.rst @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +.. _routing-arp: + +ARP +--- + +To manipulate or display ARP_ table entries, the following commands are implemented. + +adding a static arp entry +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static arp 10.1.1.100 hwaddr 08:00:27:de:23:aa + commit + +display arp table entries +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +.. code-block:: sh + + show protocols static arp + + Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface + 10.1.1.1 ether 08:00:27:de:23:2e C eth1 + 10.1.1.100 ether 08:00:27:de:23:aa CM eth1 + +.. code-block:: sh + + show protocols static arp interface eth1 + Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface + 10.1.1.1 ether 08:00:27:de:23:2e C eth1 + 10.1.1.100 ether 08:00:27:de:23:aa CM eth1 + +.. _ARP: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol diff --git a/docs/routing/bgp.rst b/docs/routing/bgp.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f4281140 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/bgp.rst @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +.. _routing-bgp: + +BGP +--- + +IPv4 +^^^^ + +A simple eBGP configuration: + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 192.168.0.2 ebgp-multihop '2' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as '65535' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 192.168.0.2 update-source '192.168.0.1' + set protocols bgp 65534 address-family ipv4-unicast network '172.16.0.0/16' + set protocols bgp 65534 parameters router-id '192.168.0.1' + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 192.168.0.1 ebgp-multihop '2' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as '65534' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 192.168.0.1 update-source '192.168.0.2' + set protocols bgp 65535 address-family ipv4-unicast network '172.17.0.0/16' + set protocols bgp 65535 parameters router-id '192.168.0.2' + + +Don't forget, the CIDR declared in the network statement MUST **exist in your +routing table (dynamic or static), the best way to make sure that is true is +creating a static route:** + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route 1.0.0.0/16 blackhole distance '254' + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route 2.0.0.0/16 blackhole distance '254' + + +IPv6 +^^^^ + +A simple BGP configuration via IPv6. + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 ebgp-multihop '2' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 remote-as '65535' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 update-source '2001:db8::1' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 address-family ipv6-unicast + set protocols bgp 65534 address-family ipv6-unicast network '2001:db8:1::/48' + set protocols bgp 65534 parameters router-id '10.1.1.1' + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 ebgp-multihop '2' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 remote-as '65534' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 update-source '2001:db8::2' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 address-family ipv6-unicast + set protocols bgp 65535 address-family ipv6-unicast network '2001:db8:2::/48' + set protocols bgp 65535 parameters router-id '10.1.1.2' + +Don't forget, the CIDR declared in the network statement **MUST exist in your +routing table (dynamic or static), the best way to make sure that is true is +creating a static route:** + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route6 2a001:100:1::/48 blackhole distance '254' + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route6 2001:db8:2::/48 blackhole distance '254' + +Route Filter +^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Route filter can be applied using a route-map: + +**Node1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set policy prefix-list AS65535-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy prefix-list AS65535-IN rule 10 prefix '172.16.0.0/16' + set policy prefix-list AS65535-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy prefix-list AS65535-OUT rule 10 prefix '172.16.0.0/16' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65535-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65535-IN rule 10 prefix '2001:db8:2::/48' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65535-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65535-OUT rule 10 prefix '2001:db8:2::/48' + set policy route-map AS65535-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy route-map AS65535-IN rule 10 match ip address prefix-list 'AS65535-IN' + set policy route-map AS65535-IN rule 10 match ipv6 address prefix-list 'AS65535-IN' + set policy route-map AS65535-IN rule 20 action 'deny' + set policy route-map AS65535-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy route-map AS65535-OUT rule 10 match ip address prefix-list 'AS65535-OUT' + set policy route-map AS65535-OUT rule 10 match ipv6 address prefix-list 'AS65535-OUT' + set policy route-map AS65535-OUT rule 20 action 'permit' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 route-map export 'AS65535-OUT' + set protocols bgp 65534 neighbor 2001:db8::2 route-map import 'AS65535-IN' + +**Node2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set policy prefix-list AS65534-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy prefix-list AS65534-IN rule 10 prefix '172.17.0.0/16' + set policy prefix-list AS65534-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy prefix-list AS65534-OUT rule 10 prefix '172.17.0.0/16' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65534-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65534-IN rule 10 prefix '2001:db8:1::/48' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65534-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy prefix-list6 AS65534-OUT rule 10 prefix '2001:db8:1::/48' + set policy route-map AS65534-IN rule 10 action 'permit' + set policy route-map AS65534-IN rule 10 match ip address prefix-list 'AS65534-IN' + set policy route-map AS65534-IN rule 10 match ipv6 address prefix-list 'AS65534-IN' + set policy route-map AS65534-IN rule 20 action 'deny' + set policy route-map AS65534-OUT rule 10 action 'deny' + set policy route-map AS65534-OUT rule 10 match ip address prefix-list 'AS65534-OUT' + set policy route-map AS65534-OUT rule 10 match ipv6 address prefix-list 'AS65534-OUT' + set policy route-map AS65534-OUT rule 20 action 'permit' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 route-map export 'AS65534-OUT' + set protocols bgp 65535 neighbor 2001:db8::1 route-map import 'AS65534-IN' + +We could expand on this and also deny link local and multicast in the rule 20 +action deny. diff --git a/docs/routing/index.rst b/docs/routing/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..cdf313ac --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +.. _routing: + +Routing +======= + +VyOS is a "router first" network operating system. It supports static routing, +policy routing, and dynamic routing using standard protocols (RIP, OSPF, and +BGP). + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + :hidden: + + arp + bgp + ospf + pbr + rip + static + diff --git a/docs/routing/ospf.rst b/docs/routing/ospf.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1a55dc16 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/ospf.rst @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +.. _routing-ospf: + +OSPF +---- + +IPv4 +^^^^ + +A typical configuration using 2 nodes, redistribute loopback address and the +node 1 sending the default route: + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces loopback lo address 10.1.1.1/32 + set protocols ospf area 0 network 192.168.0.0/24 + set protocols ospf default-information originate always + set protocols ospf default-information originate metric 10 + set protocols ospf default-information originate metric-type 2 + set protocols ospf log-adjacency-changes + set protocols ospf parameters router-id 10.1.1.1 + set protocols ospf redistribute connected metric-type 2 + set protocols ospf redistribute connected route-map CONNECT + + set policy route-map CONNECT rule 10 action permit + set policy route-map CONNECT rule 10 match interface lo + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces loopback lo address 10.2.2.2/32 + set protocols ospf area 0 network 192.168.0.0/24 + set protocols ospf log-adjacency-changes + set protocols ospf parameters router-id 10.2.2.2 + set protocols ospf redistribute connected metric-type 2 + set protocols ospf redistribute connected route-map CONNECT + + set policy route-map CONNECT rule 10 action permit + set policy route-map CONNECT rule 10 match interface lo + +IPv6 +^^^^ + +A typical configuration using 2 nodes. + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols ospfv3 area 0.0.0.0 interface eth1 + set protocols ospfv3 area 0.0.0.0 range 2001:db8:1::/64 + set protocols ospfv3 parameters router-id 192.168.1.1 + set protocols ospfv3 redistribute connected + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols ospfv3 area 0.0.0.0 interface eth1 + set protocols ospfv3 area 0.0.0.0 range 2001:db8:2::/64 + set protocols ospfv3 parameters router-id 192.168.2.1 + set protocols ospfv3 redistribute connected + diff --git a/docs/routing/pbr.rst b/docs/routing/pbr.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a8ee9e87 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/pbr.rst @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +.. _routing-pbr: + +Policy-Based Routing (PBR) +-------------------------- + +VyOS supports Policy Routing, allowing traffic to be assigned to a different +routing table. Traffic can be matched using standard 5-tuple matching (source +address, destination address, protocol, source port, destination port). + +Transparent Proxy +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The following example will show how VyOS can be used to redirect web traffic to +an external transparent proxy: + +.. code-block:: sh + + set policy route FILTER-WEB rule 1000 destination port 80 + set policy route FILTER-WEB rule 1000 protocol tcp + set policy route FILTER-WEB rule 1000 set table 100 + +This creates a route policy called FILTER-WEB with one rule to set the routing +table for matching traffic (TCP port 80) to table ID 100 instead of the +default routing table. + +To create routing table 100 and add a new default gateway to be used by +traffic matching our route policy: + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static table 100 route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.255.0.2 + +This can be confirmed using the show ip route table 100 operational command. + +Finally, to apply the policy route to ingress traffic on our LAN interface, +we use: + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces ethernet eth1 policy route FILTER-WEB + + +Multiple Uplinks +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +VyOS Policy-Based Routing (PBR) works by matching source IP address ranges and +forwarding the traffic using different routing tables. + +Routing tables that will be used in this example are: + +* ``table 10`` Routing tabled used for VLAN 10 (192.168.188.0/24) +* ``table 11`` Routing tabled used for VLAN 11 (192.168.189.0/24) +* ``main`` Routing table used by VyOS and other interfaces not paritipating in PBR + +.. figure:: ../_static/images/pbr_example_1.png + :scale: 80 % + :alt: PBR multiple uplinks + + Policy-Based Routing with multiple ISP uplinks (source ./draw.io/pbr_example_1.drawio) + +Add default routes for routing ``table 10`` and ``table 11`` + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static table 10 route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.0.1.1 + set protocols static table 11 route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.0.2.2 + +Add policy route matching VLAN source addresses + +.. code-block:: sh + + set policy route PBR rule 20 set table '10' + set policy route PBR rule 20 description 'Route VLAN10 traffic to table 10' + set policy route PBR rule 20 source address '192.168.188.0/24' + + set policy route PBR rule 20 set table '11' + set policy route PBR rule 20 description 'Route VLAN11 traffic to table 11' + set policy route PBR rule 20 source address '192.168.189.0/24' + +Apply routing policy to **inbound** direction of out VLAN interfaces + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces ethernet eth0 vif 10 policy route 'PBR' + set interfaces ethernet eth0 vif 11 policy route 'PBR' + + +**OPTIONAL:** Exclude Inter-VLAN traffic (between VLAN10 and VLAN11) from PBR + +.. code-block:: sh + + set policy route PBR rule 10 description 'VLAN10 <-> VLAN11 shortcut' + set policy route PBR rule 10 destination address '192.168.188.0/24' + set policy route PBR rule 10 destination address '192.168.189.0/24' + set policy route PBR rule 10 set table 'main' + +.. note:: Allows the VLAN10 and VLAN20 hosts to communicate with each other using the + main routing table. diff --git a/docs/routing/rip.rst b/docs/routing/rip.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..237106f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/rip.rst @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +.. _routing-rip: + +RIP +--- + +Simple RIP configuration using 2 nodes and redistributing connected interfaces. + +**Node 1:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces loopback address 10.1.1.1/32 + set protocols rip network 192.168.0.0/24 + set protocols rip redistribute connected + +**Node 2:** + +.. code-block:: sh + + set interfaces loopback address 10.2.2.2/32 + set protocols rip network 192.168.0.0/24 + set protocols rip redistribute connected diff --git a/docs/routing/static.rst b/docs/routing/static.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e1f96c31 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/routing/static.rst @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +.. _routing-static: + +Static +------ + +Static routes are manually configured network routes. + +A typical use for a static route is a static default route for systems that do +not make use of DHCP or dynamic routing protocols: + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.1.1.1 distance '1' + +Another common use of static routes is to blackhole (drop) traffic. In the +example below, RFC 1918 private IP networks are set as blackhole routes. This +does not prevent networks within these segments from being used, since the +most specific route is always used. It does, however, prevent traffic to +unknown private networks from leaving the router. Commonly refereed to as +leaking. + +.. code-block:: sh + + set protocols static route 10.0.0.0/8 blackhole distance '254' + set protocols static route 172.16.0.0/12 blackhole distance '254' + set protocols static route 192.168.0.0/16 blackhole distance '254' + +.. note:: Routes with a distance of 255 are effectively disabled and not + installed into the kernel. |