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diff --git a/docs/services.rst b/docs/services.rst index cbbe6314..e5af1f6e 100644 --- a/docs/services.rst +++ b/docs/services.rst @@ -3,6 +3,187 @@ Services ======== +This chapter descriptes the available system/network services provided by VyOS. + +Conntrack +--------- + +One of the important features built on top of the Netfilter framework is +connection tracking. Connection tracking allows the kernel to keep track of all +logical network connections or sessions, and thereby relate all of the packets +which may make up that connection. NAT relies on this information to translate +all related packets in the same way, and iptables can use this information to +act as a stateful firewall. + +The connection state however is completely independent of any upper-level +state, such as TCP's or SCTP's state. Part of the reason for this is that when +merely forwarding packets, i.e. no local delivery, the TCP engine may not +necessarily be invoked at all. Even connectionless-mode transmissions such as +UDP, IPsec (AH/ESP), GRE and other tunneling protocols have, at least, a pseudo +connection state. The heuristic for such protocols is often based upon a preset +timeout value for inactivity, after whose expiration a Netfilter connection is +dropped. + +Each Netfilter connection is uniquely identified by a (layer-3 protocol, source +address, destination address, layer-4 protocol, layer-4 key) tuple. The layer-4 +key depends on the transport protocol; for TCP/UDP it is the port numbers, for +tunnels it can be their tunnel ID, but otherwise is just zero, as if it were +not part of the tuple. To be able to inspect the TCP port in all cases, packets +will be mandatorily defragmented. + +Configuration +^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +.. code-block:: sh + + # Protocols only for which local conntrack entries will be synced (tcp, udp, icmp, sctp) + set service conntrack-sync accept-protocol + + # Queue size for listening to local conntrack events (in MB) + set service conntrack-sync event-listen-queue-size <int> + + # Protocol for which expect entries need to be synchronized. (all, ftp, h323, nfs, sip, sqlnet) + set service conntrack-sync expect-sync + + # Failover mechanism to use for conntrack-sync [REQUIRED] + set service conntrack-sync failover-mechanism + + set service conntrack-sync cluster group <string> + set service conntrack-sync vrrp sync-group <1-255> + + # IP addresses for which local conntrack entries will not be synced + set service conntrack-sync ignore-address ipv4 <x.x.x.x> + + # Interface to use for syncing conntrack entries [REQUIRED] + set service conntrack-sync interface <ifname> + + # Multicast group to use for syncing conntrack entries + set service conntrack-sync mcast-group <x.x.x.x> + + # Queue size for syncing conntrack entries (in MB) + set service conntrack-sync sync-queue-size <size> + +Example +^^^^^^^ +The next exemple is a simple configuration of conntrack-sync. + + +.. figure:: _static/images/service_conntrack_sync-schema.png + :scale: 60 % + :alt: Conntrack Sync Example + + Conntrack Sync Example + +First of all, make sure conntrack is enabled by running + +.. code-block:: sh + + show conntrack table ipv4 + +If the table is empty and you have a warning message, it means conntrack is not +enabled. To enable conntrack, just create a NAT or a firewall rule. + +.. code-block:: sh + + set firewall state-policy established action accept + +You now should have a conntrack table + +.. code-block:: sh + + $ show conntrack table ipv4 + TCP state codes: SS - SYN SENT, SR - SYN RECEIVED, ES - ESTABLISHED, + FW - FIN WAIT, CW - CLOSE WAIT, LA - LAST ACK, + TW - TIME WAIT, CL - CLOSE, LI - LISTEN + + CONN ID Source Destination Protocol TIMEOUT + 1015736576 10.35.100.87:58172 172.31.20.12:22 tcp [6] ES 430279 + 1006235648 10.35.101.221:57483 172.31.120.21:22 tcp [6] ES 413310 + 1006237088 10.100.68.100 172.31.120.21 icmp [1] 29 + 1015734848 10.35.100.87:56282 172.31.20.12:22 tcp [6] ES 300 + 1015734272 172.31.20.12:60286 239.10.10.14:694 udp [17] 29 + 1006239392 10.35.101.221 172.31.120.21 icmp [1] 29 + +Now configure conntrack-sync service on ``router1`` **and** ``router2`` + +.. code-block:: sh + + set service conntrack-sync accept-protocol 'tcp,udp,icmp' + set service conntrack-sync event-listen-queue-size '8' + set service conntrack-sync failover-mechanism cluster group 'GROUP' # Or VRRP + set service conntrack-sync interface 'eth0' + set service conntrack-sync mcast-group '225.0.0.50' + set service conntrack-sync sync-queue-size '8' + +On the active router, you should have informations in the internal-cache of +conntrack-sync. The same current active connections number should be shown in +the external-cache of the standby router + +On active router run: + + +.. code-block:: sh + + $ show conntrack-sync statistics + + Main Table Statistics: + + cache internal: + current active connections: 10 + connections created: 8517 failed: 0 + connections updated: 127 failed: 0 + connections destroyed: 8507 failed: 0 + + cache external: + current active connections: 0 + connections created: 0 failed: 0 + connections updated: 0 failed: 0 + connections destroyed: 0 failed: 0 + + traffic processed: + 0 Bytes 0 Pckts + + multicast traffic (active device=eth0): + 868780 Bytes sent 224136 Bytes recv + 20595 Pckts sent 14034 Pckts recv + 0 Error send 0 Error recv + + message tracking: + 0 Malformed msgs 0 Lost msgs + + + + On standby router run: + + + $ show conntrack-sync statistics + + Main Table Statistics: + + cache internal: + current active connections: 0 + connections created: 0 failed: 0 + connections updated: 0 failed: 0 + connections destroyed: 0 failed: 0 + + cache external: + current active connections: 10 + connections created: 888 failed: 0 + connections updated: 134 failed: 0 + connections destroyed: 878 failed: 0 + + traffic processed: + 0 Bytes 0 Pckts + + multicast traffic (active device=eth0): + 234184 Bytes sent 907504 Bytes recv + 14663 Pckts sent 21495 Pckts recv + 0 Error send 0 Error recv + + message tracking: + 0 Malformed msgs 0 Lost msgs + + DHCP ---- |