# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2021, VyOS maintainers and contributors # This file is distributed under the same license as the VyOS package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: VyOS 1.4\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2022-10-21 12:01+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-10-21 10:05+0000\n" "Language-Team: German (Germany) (https://www.transifex.com/vyos/teams/155110/de_DE/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: de_DE\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:4 #: 998a7d4fc7604358b63c64b7e10c9256 msgid "L3VPN for Hub-and-Spoke connectivity with VyOS" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:6 #: 686abf9e6407494ea9f8adb1e6a38ba4 msgid "" "IP/MPLS technology is widely used by various service providers and large " "enterprises in order to achieve better network scalability, manageability " "and flexibility. It also provides the possibility to deliver different " "services for the customers in a seamless manner. Layer 3 VPN (L3VPN) is a " "type of VPN mode that is built and delivered through OSI layer 3 networking " "technologies. Often the border gateway protocol (BGP) is used to send and " "receive VPN-related data that is responsible for the control plane. L3VPN " "utilizes virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) techniques to receive and " "deliver user data as well as separate data planes of the end-users. It is " "built using a combination of IP- and MPLS-based information. Generally, " "L3VPNs are used to send data on back-end VPN infrastructures, such as for " "VPN connections between data centres, HQs and branches." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:20 #: 890e7aea999d499bbcd0cdf856d99266 msgid "" "An L3VPN consists of multiple access links, multiple VPN routing and " "forwarding (VRF) tables, and multiple MPLS paths or multiple P2MP LSPs. An " "L3VPN can be configured to connect two or more customer sites. In hub-and-" "spoke MPLS L3VPN environments, the spoke routers need to have unique Route " "Distinguishers (RDs). In order to use the hub site as a transit point for " "connectivity in such an environment, the spoke sites export their routes to " "the hub. Spokes can talk to hubs, but never have direct paths to other " "spokes. All traffic between spokes is controlled and delivered over the hub " "site." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:31 #: e546c7fa938240fbb028a21e16cd21bd msgid "" "To deploy a Layer3 VPN with MPLS on VyOS, we should meet a couple " "requirements in order to properly implement the solution. We'll use the " "following nodes in our LAB environment:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:35 #: 98565fe6ffb947e09692e9b7b1fb9912 msgid "2 x Route reflectors (VyOS-RRx)" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:36 #: 56560e4d5b514b569eb498d80ccfd796 msgid "4 x Provider routers (VyOS-Px)" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:37 #: 29e234d5eff54c03b262f561d6ba4308 msgid "3 x Provider Edge (VyOs-PEx)" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:38 #: b6d0c34166be4ebeb304f7da74c8fedf msgid "3 x Customer Edge (VyOS-CEx)" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:40 #: 95ddfbd9c6d14f0284add13b0b318aeb msgid "The following software was used in the creation of this document:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:42 #: 2e1ff92ea1d34b3380b4735f9231bbaa msgid "Operating system: VyOS" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:43 #: 1a1845ca31364523ac85c14afed17a6b msgid "Version: 1.4-rolling-202110310317" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:44 #: be17aee6c8e24d0a9c81a719c92b962c msgid "Image name: vyos-1.4-rolling-202110310317-amd64.iso" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:46 #: 94e4d99e94914c41b8f5a501b90a9c1a msgid "" "**NOTE:** VyOS Router (tested with VyOS 1.4-rolling-202110310317) – The " "configurations below are specifically for VyOS 1.4.x." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:49 #: cf278ef398a348f19de9082189238ad3 msgid "" "General information can be found in the :ref:`configuration/vrf/index:L3VPN " "VRFs` chapter." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:55 #: b78300c0062d4f20adb7a5a718366771 msgid "Topology" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rstNone #: 1f165bb067114d18877f62c65d93df63 msgid "Network Topology Diagram" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:65 #: 8a0c9d1b570c4c7cbe2de877527a2c8d msgid "How does it work?" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:67 #: cb4349ce8fa34bd391aeef02ba55c8c9 msgid "" "As we know the main assumption of L3VPN “Hub and Spoke” is, that the traffic" " between spokes have to pass via hub, in our scenario VyOS-PE2 is the Hub PE" " and the VyOS-CE1-HUB is the central customer office device that is " "responsible for controlling access between all spokes and announcing its " "network prefixes (10.0.0.100/32). VyOS-PE2 has the main VRF (its name is " "BLUE_HUB), its own Route-Distinguisher(RD) and route-target import/export " "lists. Multiprotocol-BGP(MP-BGP) delivers L3VPN related control-plane " "information to the nodes across network where PEs Spokes import the route-" "target 60535:1030 (this is export route-target of vrf BLUE_HUB) and export " "its own route-target 60535:1011(this is vrf BLUE_SPOKE export route-target)." " Therefore, the Customer edge nodes can only learn the network prefixes of " "the HUB site [10.0.0.100/32]. For this example VyOS-CE1 has network prefixes" " [10.0.0.80/32] / VyOS-CE2 has network prefixes [10.0.0.90/32]. Route-" "Reflector devices VyOS-RR1 and VyOS-RR2 are used to simplify network routes " "exchange and minimize iBGP peerings between devices." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:83 #: 60dd546b31004b06af47f4a1ce701957 msgid "L3VPN configuration parameters table:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: 565d53c1b26a4de38feaa86b567c6b4e msgid "Node" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: 34eba7825ea54979a42f178e9dcd15bf msgid "Role" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: b89d4c69529d4488b011d8e8db5aa4b4 msgid "VRF" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: f55441b962624fd6b5c1538290091f7e msgid "RD" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: 6e72edabaf07419ea0abb13bb7789540 msgid "RT import" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:86 #: e547d56f80ca46f1ac625b270ab02628 msgid "RT export" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: ea3d4c4a18ec433b8c7f3ac03981f8c2 msgid "VyOS-PE2" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: 55bc9c2598064d92a3b9fae0fc6a1154 msgid "Hub" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: 1291d942846d4c6cae1e8833e139cb5d msgid "BLUE_HUB" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: 27596f3bee3d43f28a16a42174e74667 msgid "10.80.80.1:1011" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: a4ca55dd19b14bd9a3b02fddeaf7eb11 msgid "65035:1011 65035:1030" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:88 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: 21adc69cf2bf4575ae4476a8cb6d056c 4862295b4bae4ea1baac2124700b1236 #: 5a80925f27574dddb9d476febf102516 msgid "65035:1030" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: a0fdcadaac2946a1bad9533989517a9c msgid "VyOS-PE1" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: b4744ce92c634f65b6558eb37e536454 c98d8778bb984c8eab3202150c36d157 msgid "Spoke" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: bce236afe7fb4c15b1adff31ccdaeea6 b1801511514c4b169d55b38e25b0a021 msgid "BLUE_SPOKE" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: cc8eb3ef69e94ebf81b298848a74f246 msgid "10.50.50.1:1011" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:91 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: b234869593f9450bb4866570315fb225 93a1e9117a7041a4ab0ec98cdde1a35d msgid "65035:1011" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: 60fdfd315f2a4711a0f2b53299b51566 msgid "VyOS-PE3" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:93 #: 23c8e2bb64ab41d593c0e2aa6e921fbe msgid "10.60.60.1:1011" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:100 #: 9e879fff2f324772adfe0bc310edc4a4 msgid "Configuration" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:105 #: 7477a6ffa308480fbee1b135a33ae15a msgid "Step-1: Configuring IGP and enabling MPLS LDP" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:107 #: 15b715d0ed4248cf9593d4c8c72bc20c msgid "" "At the first step we need to configure the IP/MPLS backbone network using " "OSPF as IGP protocol and LDP as label-switching protocol for the base " "connectivity between **P** (rovider), **P** (rovider) **E** (dge) and **R** " "(oute) **R** (eflector) nodes:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:112 #: 0fdd2f02198142519dfa1b13c7a87d43 msgid "VyOS-P1:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:142 #: 6fa7d00718fa44eea0355cfc8d67d9af msgid "VyOS-P2:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:168 #: 405ddfb3d90241e6b9791a694e8c02fc msgid "VyOS-P3:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:194 #: f214a604b9194bceb30e7ad4dcc9cc04 msgid "VyOS-P4:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:224 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:362 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:413 #: ed57672a54e540168ca1cb343c953144 91ace2d281b24fd5b0ea37e1876978bc #: de90bc4f836b493cad00b4ef434ed1ee msgid "VyOS-PE1:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:241 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:376 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:435 #: 2b0b8e09b36c4192905fd8fcadb3317e a4e9cf5d0fbb4537addb56d6ecff66e3 #: b6016d3b47a549e0bcfba58d5fa86717 msgid "VyOS-PE2:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:262 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:390 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:457 #: dc7cd8343e6743a0815e02f3d65df79a 0d769e475d9c4846ae32e22f5bf3d91c #: 77fe05eee30a4adf9df916a5462cd9a5 msgid "VyOS-PE3:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:279 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:328 #: 61d86fc34fbd4aed98036cf60f0dd615 fd431069d9f24c3084c24124059724d4 msgid "VyOS-RR1:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:299 #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:345 #: 55304b8d06834fc69cdb07738e63e625 f8923e269249490fa37cc90c7b1342ec msgid "VyOS-RR2:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:322 #: 2e846b31f9c44dfbab01271d60e398c6 msgid "Step-2: Configuring iBGP for L3VPN control-plane" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:324 #: 7b89e4318dec4188b74b6b3f5dab7b59 msgid "" "At this step we are going to enable iBGP protocol on MPLS nodes and Route " "Reflectors (two routers for redundancy) that will deliver IPv4 VPN (L3VPN) " "routes between them:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:407 #: 58d3377a35da4d30a1cdb7229a5fe29c msgid "Step-3: Configuring L3VPN VRFs on PE nodes" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:409 #: fe4e7c69c7424e24888c3f3706d8c8b0 msgid "" "This section provides configuration steps for setting up VRFs on our PE " "nodes including CE facing interfaces, BGP, rd and route-target import/export" " based on the pre-defined parameters." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:482 #: fc9f63f8aca0444da7ec55ff854e4676 msgid "Step-4: Configuring CE nodes" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:484 #: 925625dcfa774f7f9934408b8214a7f1 msgid "" "Dynamic routing used between CE and PE nodes and eBGP peering established " "for the route exchanging between them. All routes received by PEs are then " "exported to L3VPN and delivered from Spoke sites to Hub and vise-versa based" " on previously configured L3VPN parameters." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:490 #: 47a7f4d1ffeb4def9c259e4e6e629cd2 msgid "VyOS-CE1-SPOKE:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:507 #: 8f961af78f9b4d888bd12c34cf65ec60 msgid "VyOS-CE1-HUB:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:525 #: a41c0ae5954a4760acf3b56323072447 msgid "VyOS-CE2-SPOKE:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:545 #: 4c4149624eba4d5b903a371d003f6dba msgid "Step-5: Verification" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:547 #: a82f92d1466d41e994f0679d05553320 msgid "" "This section describes verification commands for MPLS/BGP/LDP protocols and " "L3VPN related routes as well as diagnosis and reachability checks between CE" " nodes." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:551 #: d87f385db4c442eea1c679e29862e55f msgid "" "Let’s check IPv4 routing and MPLS information on provider nodes (same " "procedure for all P nodes):" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:554 #: 387768aa305a4d89bf9504179b279283 msgid "“show ip ospf neighbor” for checking ospf relationship" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:567 #: 14d1985bcdcc43e4a9381ab7d746af1f msgid "“show mpls ldp neighbor “ for checking ldp neighbors" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:579 #: 14f7b630eb854181a68a201cd4ff573b msgid "“show mpls ldp binding” for checking mpls label assignment" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:636 #: 9f0c750511f44cac99373cc626930b21 msgid "" "Now we’re checking iBGP status and routes from route-reflector nodes to " "other devices:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:639 #: 27aef0ad05464cc59458e0f4d7785462 msgid "“show bgp ipv4 vpn summary” for checking BGP VPNv4 neighbors:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:658 #: dc50a484ccb14f9ca7e7dec858073973 msgid "“show bgp ipv4 vpn” for checking all VPNv4 prefixes information:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:698 #: fc808be9ede24f739e02e5129eba3963 msgid "" "“show bgp ipv4 vpn x.x.x.x/x” for checking best path selected for specific " "VPNv4 destination" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:716 #: 528fe8121f4640fb96768623ce8ca51d msgid "" "Also we can verify how PE devices receives VPNv4 networks from the RRs and " "installing them to the specific customer VRFs:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:719 #: ef0c4185fb5d4547b3e2c790769f104d msgid "" "“show bgp ipv4 vpn summary” for checking iBGP neighbors against route-" "reflector devices:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:736 #: 1f1dbb0745cc43278c22ba38335200df msgid "“show bgp vrf all” for checking all the prefix learning on BGP" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:736 #: 3705f8a528294628a4b27fa3913af275 msgid "within VRFs:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:764 #: c668ee5332604c59a958d6d9565e2cfe msgid "“show bgp vrf BLUE_SPOKE summary” for checking EBGP neighbor" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:764 #: 82b64c97c93a4f7c901153092449c801 msgid "information between PE and CE:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:784 #: 0ca40736901446fcad91df434b158fb5 msgid "“show ip route vrf BLUE_SPOKE” for viewing the RIB in our Spoke PE." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:783 #: 388ba3e42cfb453682eff0522884b664 msgid "" "Using this command we are also able to check the transport and customer " "label (inner/outer) for Hub network prefix (10.0.0.100/32):" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:807 #: df85772519284579bf2097c0313d76b2 msgid "“show bgp ipv4 vpn x.x.x.x/32” for checking the best-path to the" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:806 #: 3ded1eaa580b4d75a1aebdd4248776fe msgid "" "specific VPNv4 destination including extended community and remotelabel " "information. This procedure is the same on all Spoke nodes:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:831 #: dbb5f2aa2caa4f5aa52ca697597e0f4c msgid "Now, let’s check routing information on out Hub PE:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:834 #: 1e4f350b52274f58ae7a54adaff0b412 msgid "“show bgp ipv4 vpn summary” for checking iBGP neighbors again" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:834 #: 8a347810b376407ba2c69b3f23fce640 msgid "VyOS-RR1/RR2" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:851 #: 9bc7d0b71fba42b281873b8a1be783d8 msgid "“show bgp vrf all” for checking all the prefixes learning on BGP" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:891 #: 118b9f4e005f4e04b1632e4589ddfa17 msgid "“show bgp vrf BLUE_HUB summary” for checking EBGP neighbor" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:891 #: 93c455e1b8874441adba6171d4381d59 msgid "CE Hub device" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:909 #: 0137b1e74074467495469f4604661c56 msgid "“show ip route vrf BLUE_HUB” to view the RIB in our Hub PE." msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:907 #: 54511e5d16824c21a9eeb419cf668caa msgid "" "With this command we are able to check the transport and customer label " "(inner/outer) for network spokes prefixes 10.0.0.80/32 - 10.0.0.90/32" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:941 #: 0e7f267bff6140e598dee3231a8eadc5 msgid "“show bgp ipv4 vpn x.x.x.x/32” for checking best-path," msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:941 #: 2d0e3c0fc3c74b058df139a5fb208aa0 msgid "extended community and remote label of specific destination" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:985 #: 3d25f766a7a743f289fdb81b7bbe3168 msgid "Finally, let’s check the reachability between CEs:" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:987 #: 08b5c6d6886144fa86ad19ea63c1afb2 msgid "VyOS-CE1-SPOKE -----> VyOS-CE-HUB" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:1025 #: 9cbd876b3f4d48b78595fcb0300221cf msgid "VyOS-CE-HUB -------> VyOS-CE1-SPOKE" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:1026 #: 368f34ba9eb84e7ebeca0b2dafdff68a msgid "VyOS-CE-HUB -------> VyOS-CE2-SPOKE" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:1085 #: 17a80175953c4e24916458908f8443e1 msgid "VyOS-CE2-SPOKE -------> VyOS-CE-HUB" msgstr "" #: ../../configexamples/l3vpn-hub-and-spoke.rst:1123 #: 062bae083b9c48369539bf248ef35b6f msgid "" "**Note:** At the moment, trace mpls doesn’t show labels/paths. So we’ll see " "* * * for the transit routers of the mpls backbone." msgstr ""