.. _wireless: Wireless Interfaces ------------------- :abbr:`WLAN (Wireless LAN)` interface provide 802.11 (a/b/g/n/ac) wireless support (commonly referred to as Wi-Fi) by means of compatible hardware. If your hardware supports it, VyOS supports multiple logical wireless interfaces per physical device. There are three modes of operation for a wireless interface: * :abbr:`WAP (Wireless Access-Point)` provides network access to connecting stations if the physical hardware supports acting as a WAP * A station acts as a Wi-Fi client accessing the network through an available WAP * Monitor, the system passively monitors any kind of wireless traffic If the system detects an unconfigured wireless device, it will be automatically added the configuration tree, specifying any detected settings (for example, its MAC address) and configured to run in monitor mode. To be able to use the wireless interfaces you will first need to set a regulatory domain with the country code of your locaion. .. option:: set system wifi-regulatory-domain DE Configure system wide Wi-Fi regulatory domain. A reboot is required for this change to be enabled. Configuring Access-Point ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The following example creates a WAP. When configuring multiple WAP interfaces, you must specify unique IP addresses, channels, Network IDs commonly refered to as :addr:`SSID (Service Set Identifier), and MAC addresses. The WAP in this example has the following characteristics: * IP address ``192.0.2.1/24`` * Network ID (SSID) ``TEST`` * WPA passphrase ``12345678`` * Use 802.11n protocol * Wireless channel ``1`` .. code-block:: sh set interfaces wireless wlan0 address '192.0.2.1/24' set interfaces wireless wlan0 type access-point set interfaces wireless wlan0 channel 1 set interfaces wireless wlan0 mode n set interfaces wireless wlan0 ssid 'TEST' set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa mode wpa2 set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa passphrase '12345678' Resulting in .. code-block:: sh interfaces { [...] wireless wlan0 { address 192.0.2.1/24 channel 1 mode n security { wpa { cipher CCMP mode wpa2 passphrase "12345678" } } ssid "TEST" type access-point } } system { [...] wifi-regulatory-domain DE } To get it to work as a access point with this configuration you will need to set up a DHCP server to work with that network. You can - of course - also bridge the Wireless interface with any configured bridge (:ref:`bridge`) on the system. WPA/WPA2 enterprise ******************* :abbr:`WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)` and WPA2 Enterprise in combination with 802.1x based authentication can be used to authenticate users or computers in a domain. The wireless client (supplicant) authenticates against the RADIUS server (authentication server) using an :abbr:`EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol)` method configured on the RADIUS server. The WAP (also referred to as authenticator) role is to send all authentication messages between the supplicant and the configured authentication server, thus the RADIUS server is responsible for authenticating the users. The WAP in this example has the following characteristics: * IP address ``192.0.2.1/24`` * Network ID (SSID) ``Enterprise-TEST`` * WPA passphrase ``12345678`` * Use 802.11n protocol * Wireless channel ``1`` * RADIUS server at ``192.0.3.10`` with shared-secret ``VyOSPassword`` .. code-block:: sh set interfaces wireless wlan0 address '192.0.2.1/24' set interfaces wireless wlan0 type access-point set interfaces wireless wlan0 channel 1 set interfaces wireless wlan0 mode n set interfaces wireless wlan0 ssid 'TEST' set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa mode wpa2 set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa cipher CCMP set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa radius server 192.0.3.10 key 'VyOSPassword' set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa radius server 192.0.3.10 port 1812 Resulting in .. code-block:: sh interfaces { [...] wireless wlan0 { address 192.0.2.1/24 channel 1 mode n security { wpa { cipher CCMP mode wpa2 radius { server 192.0.3.10 { key 'VyOSPassword' port 1812 } } } } ssid "Enterprise-TEST" type access-point } } system { [...] wifi-regulatory-domain DE } Configuring Wireless Station ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The example creates a wireless station (commonly referred to as Wi-Fi client) that accesses the network through the WAP defined in the above example. The default physical device (``phy0``) is used. .. code-block:: sh set interfaces wireless wlan0 type station set interfaces wireless wlan0 address dhcp set interfaces wireless wlan0 ssid Test set interfaces wireless wlan0 security wpa Resulting in .. code-block:: sh interfaces { [...] wireless wlan0 { address dhcp security { wpa { passphrase "12345678" } } ssid TEST type station } Operational Commands ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ .. option:: show interfaces wireless info Use this command to view operational status and wireless-specific information about all wireless interfaces. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless info Interface Type SSID Channel mon.wlan0 monitor ? ? wlan0 AP testing 3 .. option:: show interfaces wireless detail Use this command to view operational status and detailes wireless-specific information about all wireless interfaces. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless detail wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN0 link/ether 00:21:91:d1:18:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collisions 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. option:: show interfaces wireless This command shows both status and statistics on the specified wireless interface. The wireless interface identifier can range from wlan0 to wlan999. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless wlan0 wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN0 link/ether 00:21:91:d1:18:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collisions 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. option:: show interfaces wireless brief This command gives a brief status overview of a specified wireless interface. The wireless interface identifier can range from wlan0 to wlan999. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless wlan0 brief Interface IP Address State Link Description wlan0 192.168.40.1/24 up up .. option:: show interfaces wireless queue Use this command to view wireless interface queue information. The wireless interface identifier can range from wlan0 to wlan999. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless wlan0 queue qdisc pfifo_fast 0: root bands 3 priomap 1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sent 810323 bytes 6016 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 .. option:: show interfaces wireless scan This command is used to retrive information about WAP within the range of your wireless interface. This command is usefull on wireless interfaces configured in station mode. .. note:: Scanning is not supported on all wireless drivers and wireless hardware. Refer to your driver and wireless hardware documentation for further details. .. code-block:: sh vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireless wlan0 scan Access-point SSID Chan Signal (dbm) 00:53:00:b5:8b:d6 VyOS-TEST-NET 1 -77 00:53:29:10:45:03 GUESTS 11 -67 00:53:ab:20:45:03 Hotspot 10 -68