.. _dhcp: ######## DHCP(v6) ######## VyOS uses ISC DHCPd for both IPv4 and IPv6 address assignment. DHCP Server =========== Multiple DHCP Servers can be run from a single machine. Each DHCP service is identified by a ``shared-network-name``. Basic Example ------------- We are offering address space in the 172.16.17.0/24 network, which is physically connected on eth1, and pppoe0 is our connection to the internet. We are using the network name `dhcpexample`. Prerequisites: * Configuring PPPoE interface is assumed to be done already, and appears on `pppoe0` * Interface ``eth1`` is configured to be connected to our DHCP subnet 172.16.17.0/24 by assigning e.g. address 172.16.17.1/24. Multiple DHCP ranges can be defined and may contain holes. .. code-block:: sh set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample authoritative set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 default-router 172.16.17.1 set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 dns-server 172.16.17.1 set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 lease 86400 set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 range 0 start 172.16.17.100 set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 range 0 stop 172.16.17.199 Explanation ^^^^^^^^^^^ .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample authoritative This says that this device is the only DHCP server for this network. If other devices are trying to offer DHCP leases, this machine will send 'DHCPNAK' to any device trying to request an IP address that is not valid for this network. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 default-router 172.16.17.1 This is a configuration parameter for the subnet, saying that as part of the response, tell the client that I am the default router for this network .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 dns-server 172.16.17.1 This is a configuration parameter for the subnet, saying that as part of the response, tell the client that I am the DNS server for this network. If you do not want to run a DNS server, you could also provide one of the public DNS servers, such as google's. You can add multiple entries by repeating the line. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 lease 86400 Assign the IP address to this machine for 24 hours. It is unlikely you'd need to shorten this period, unless you are running a network with lots of devices appearing and disappearing. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 range 0 start 172.16.17.100 Make a range of addresses available for clients starting from .100 [...] .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 range 0 stop 172.16.17.199 [...] and ending at .199 Failover -------- VyOS provides support for DHCP failover: .. code-block:: sh set service dhcp-server shared-network-name 'LAN' subnet '192.168.0.0/24' failover local-address '192.168.0.1' set service dhcp-server shared-network-name 'LAN' subnet '192.168.0.0/24' failover name 'foo' set service dhcp-server shared-network-name 'LAN' subnet '192.168.0.0/24' failover peer-address '192.168.0.2' .. note:: `name` must be identical on both sides! The primary and secondary statements determines whether the server is primary or secondary .. code-block:: sh set service dhcp-server shared-network-name 'LAN' subnet '192.168.0.0/24' failover status 'primary' or .. code-block:: sh set service dhcp-server shared-network-name 'LAN' subnet '192.168.0.0/24' failover status 'secondary' .. note:: In order for the primary and the secondary DHCP server to keep their lease tables in sync, they must be able to reach each other on TCP port 647. If you have firewall rules in effect, adjust them accordingly. Static mappings --------------- You can specify a static DHCP assignment on a per host basis. You will need the MAC address of the station and your desired IP address. The address must be inside your subnet definition but can be outside of your range sttement. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 static-mapping ip-address 172.16.17.10 Configure desired IPv4 address for your host referenced to as `host`. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 static-mapping mac-address ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Configure MAC address for your host referenced by as `host` used in this static assignment. DHCP Options ------------ .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 default-router '
' Specify the default routers IPv4 address which should be used in this subnet. This can - of course - be a VRRP address (DHCP option 003). .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 dns-server '
' Specify the DNS nameservers used (Option 006). This option may be used mulltiple times to specify additional DNS nameservers. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 domain-name '' The domain-name parameter should be the domain name that will be appended to the client's hostname to form a fully-qualified domain-name (FQDN) (DHCP Option 015). .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcp-server shared-network-name dhcpexample subnet 172.16.17.0/24 domain-search '' The domain-name parameter should be the domain name used when completing DNS request where no full FQDN is passed. This option can be given multiple times if you need multiple search domains (DHCP Option 119). DHCPv6 Server ============= VyOS also provides DHCPv6 server functionality which is described in this section. Configuration Options --------------------- .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server preference Clients receiving advertise messages from multiple servers choose the server with the highest preference value. The range for this value is ``0...255``. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet lease-time {default | maximum | minimum } The default lease time for DHCPv6 leases is 24 hours. This can be changed by supplying a ``default-time``, ``maximum-time`` and ``minimum-time``. All values need to be supplied in seconds. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet nis-domain A :abbr:`NIS (Network Information Service)` domain can be set to be used for DHCPv6 clients. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet nisplus-domain The procedure to specify a :abbr:`NIS+ (Network Information Service Plus)` domain is similar to the NIS domain one: .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet nis-server Specify a NIS server address for DHCPv6 clients. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet nisplus-server Specify a NIS+ server address for DHCPv6 clients. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet sip-server-address Specify a :abbr:`SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)` server by IPv6 address for all DHCPv6 clients. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet sip-server-name Specify a :abbr:`SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)` server by FQDN for all DHCPv6 clients. .. cfgcmd:: set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name subnet sntp-server-address A SNTP server address can be specified for DHCPv6 clients: Address pools ------------- DHCPv6 address pools must be configured for the system to act as a DHCPv6 server. The following example describes a common scenario. **Example:** * A shared network named ``NET1`` serves subnet ``2001:db8:100::/64`` * It is connected to ``eth1`` * DNS server is located at ``2001:db8:111::111`` * Address pool shall be ``2001:db8:100::100`` through ``2001:db8:100::199``. * Lease time will be left at the default value which is 24 hours .. code-block:: sh set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name NET1 subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 address-range start 2001:db8:100::100 stop 2001:db8:100::199 set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name NET1 subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 name-server 2001:db8:111::111 The configuration will look as follows: .. code-block:: sh show service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name NET1 { subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 { address-range { start 2001:db8:100::100 { stop 2001:db8:100::199 } } name-server 2001:db8:111::111 } } Static mappings ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ In order to map specific IPv6 addresses to specific hosts static mappings can be created. The following example explains the process. **Example:** * IPv6 address ``2001:db8:100::101`` shall be statically mapped * Device MAC address will be ``00:53:c5:b7:5e:23`` * Host specific mapping shall be named ``client1`` .. nhint:: The MAC address identifier is defined by the last 4 byte of the MAC address. .. code-block:: sh set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name NET1 subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 static-mapping client1 ipv6-address 2001:db8:100::101 set service dhcpv6-server shared-network-name NET1 subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 static-mapping client1 identifier c5b75e23 The configuration will look as follows: .. code-block:: sh show service dhcp-server shared-network-name NET1 shared-network-name NET1 { subnet 2001:db8:100::/64 { name-server 2001:db8:111::111 address-range { start 2001:db8:100::100 { stop 2001:db8:100::199 { } } static-mapping client1 { ipv6-address 2001:db8:100::101 identifier c5b75e23 } } } Operation Mode -------------- .. opcmd:: restart dhcpv6 server To restart the DHCPv6 server .. opcmd:: show dhcpv6 server status To show the current status of the DHCPv6 server. .. opcmd:: show dhcpv6 server leases Show statuses of all assigned leases: