.. _vrf: ### VRF ### :abbr:`VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding)` devices combined with ip rules provides the ability to create virtual routing and forwarding domains (aka VRFs, VRF-lite to be specific) in the Linux network stack. One use case is the multi-tenancy problem where each tenant has their own unique routing tables and in the very least need different default gateways. Configuration ============= A VRF device is created with an associated route table. Network interfaces are then enslaved to a VRF device. .. cfgcmd:: set vrf name Create new VRF instance with ``. The name is used when placing individual interfaces into the VRF. .. cfgcmd:: set vrf name table Configure use routing table `` used by VRF ``. .. note:: A routing table ID can not be modified once it is assigned. It can only be changed by deleting and re-adding the VRF instance. .. cfgcmd:: set vrf bind-to-all By default the scope of the port bindings for unbound sockets is limited to the default VRF. That is, it will not be matched by packets arriving on interfaces enslaved to a VRF and processes may bind to the same port if they bind to a VRF. TCP & UDP services running in the default VRF context (ie., not bound to any VRF device) can work across all VRF domains by enabling this option. Interfaces ---------- When VRFs are used it is not only mandatory to create a VRF but also the VRF itself needs to be assigned to an interface. .. cfgcmd:: set interfaces dummy vrf Assign dummy interface identified by `` to VRF named ``. .. warning:: VRFs are still experimental - thus they are only available to certain interfaces types right now (``dummy``) to test out the functionality. Routing ------- Static ^^^^^^ Static routes are manually configured routes, which, in general, cannot be updated dynamically from information VyOS learns about the network topology from other routing protocols. However, if a link fails, the router will remove routes, including static routes, from the :abbr:`RIPB (Routing Information Base)` that used this interface to reach the next hop. In general, static routes should only be used for very simple network topologies, or to override the behavior of a dynamic routing protocol for a small number of routes. The collection of all routes the router has learned from its configuration or from its dynamic routing protocols is stored in the RIB. Unicast routes are directly used to determine the forwarding table used for unicast packet forwarding. Static Routes """"""""""""" .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route next-hop
Configure next-hop `
` for an IPv4 static route in the VRF identified by ``. Multiple static routes can be created. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route next-hop
disable Disable IPv4 static route entry in the VRF identified by `` .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route next-hop
distance Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. Range is 1 to 255, default is 1. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route6 next-hop
Configure next-hop `
` for an IPv6 static route in the VRF identified by ``. Multiple IPv6 static routes can be created. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route6 next-hop
disable Disable IPv6 static route entry in the VRF identified by ``. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route6 next-hop
distance Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. Range is 1 to 255, default is 1. .. note:: Routes with a distance of 255 are effectively disabled and not installed into the kernel. Interface Routes """""""""""""""" .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route next-hop-interface Allows you to configure the next-hop interface for an interface-based IPv4 static route. `` will be the next-hop interface where trafic is routed for the given ``. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route next-hop-interface disable Disables interface-based IPv4 static route. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route next-hop-interface distance Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. Range is 1 to 255, default is 1. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route6 next-hop-interface Allows you to configure the next-hop interface for an interface-based IPv6 static route. `` will be the next-hop interface where trafic is routed for the given ``. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route6 next-hop-interface disable Disables interface-based IPv6 static route. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static interface-route6 next-hop-interface distance Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. Range is 1 to 255, default is 1. Blackhole """"""""" .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route blackhole Use this command to configure a "black-hole" route on the router. A black-hole route is a route for which the system silently discard packets that are matched. This prevents networks leaking out public interfaces, but it does not prevent them from being used as a more specific route inside your network. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route blackhole distance Defines blackhole distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route6 blackhole Use this command to configure a "black-hole" route on the router. A black-hole route is a route for which the system silently discard packets that are matched. This prevents networks leaking out public interfaces, but it does not prevent them from being used as a more specific route inside your network. .. cfgcmd:: set protocols vrf static route6 blackhole distance Defines blackhole distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative distance are elected prior those with a higher distance. Operation ========= .. opcmd:: show vrf List VRFs that have been created .. code-block:: none vyos@vyos:~$ show vrf interface state mac flags --------- ----- --- ----- bar up ee:c7:5b:fc:ae:f9 noarp,master,up,lower_up foo up ee:bb:a4:ac:cd:20 noarp,master,up,lower_up .. opcmd:: show vrf .. code-block:: none vyos@vyos:~$ show vrf name bar interface state mac flags --------- ----- --- ----- bar up ee:c7:5b:fc:ae:f9 noarp,master,up,lower_up .. opcmd:: show ip route vrf Display IPv4 routing table for VRF identified by ``. .. code-block:: none vyos@vyos:~$ show ip route vrf blue Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP, T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP, F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued route, r - rejected route VRF blue: K 0.0.0.0/0 [255/8192] unreachable (ICMP unreachable), 00:00:50 S>* 172.16.0.0/16 [1/0] via 192.0.2.1, dum1, 00:00:02 C>* 192.0.2.0/24 is directly connected, dum1, 00:00:06 .. opcmd:: show ipv6 route vrf Display IPv6 routing table for VRF identified by ``. .. code-block:: none vyos@vyos:~$ show ipv6 route vrf red Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIPng, O - OSPFv3, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, N - NHRP, T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP, F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued route, r - rejected route VRF red: K ::/0 [255/8192] unreachable (ICMP unreachable), 00:43:20 C>* 2001:db8::/64 is directly connected, dum1, 00:02:19 C>* fe80::/64 is directly connected, dum1, 00:43:19 K>* ff00::/8 [0/256] is directly connected, dum1, 00:43:19