1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
|
Appendix A - Troubleshooting
============================
Sometimes things break or don't work as expected. This section describes
several troubleshooting tools provided by VyOS that can help when something
goes wrong.
Basic Connectivity Verification
-------------------------------
Verifying connectivity can be done with the familiar `ping` and `traceroute`
commands. The options for each are shown (the options for each command were
displayed using the built-in help as described in the `Command-Line Interface`_
section and are omitted from the output here):
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ ping
Possible completions:
<hostname> Send Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request
<x.x.x.x>
<h:h:h:h:h:h:h:h>
Several options are available when more extensive troubleshooting is needed:
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ ping 8.8.8.8
Possible completions:
<Enter> Execute the current command
adaptive Ping options
allow-broadcast
audible
bypass-route
count
deadline
flood
interface
interval
mark
no-loopback
numeric
pattern
quiet
record-route
size
timestamp
tos
ttl
verbose
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ traceroute
Possible completions:
<hostname> Track network path to specified node
<x.x.x.x>
<h:h:h:h:h:h:h:h>
ipv4 Track network path to <hostname|IPv4 address>
ipv6 Track network path to <hostname|IPv6 address>
However, another tool, mtr_, is available which combines ping and traceroute
into a single tool. An example of its output is shown:
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ mtr 10.62.212.12
My traceroute [v0.85]
vyos (0.0.0.0)
Keys: Help Display mode Restart statistics Order of fields quit
Packets Pings
Host Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev
1. 10.11.110.4 0.0% 34 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.1
2. 10.62.255.184 0.0% 34 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.4 0.1
3. 10.62.255.71 0.0% 34 1.4 1.4 1.3 2.0 0.1
4. 10.62.212.12 0.0% 34 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 0.0
**NOTE:** The output of '''mtr''' consumes the screen and will replace your
command prompt.
Several options are available for changing the display output. Press `h` to
invoke the built in help system. To quit, just press `q` and you'll be returned
to the VyOS command prompt.
Monitoring Network Interfaces
-----------------------------
It's possible to monitor network traffic, either at the flow level or protocol
level. This can be useful when troubleshooting a variety of protocols and
configurations. The following interface types can be monitored:
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ monitor interfaces
Possible completions:
<Enter> Execute the current command
bonding Monitor a bonding interface
bridge Monitor a bridge interface
ethernet Monitor a ethernet interface
loopback Monitor a loopback interface
openvpn Monitor an openvpn interface
pppoe Monitor pppoe interface
pseudo-ethernet
Monitor a pseudo-ethernet interface
tunnel Monitor a tunnel interface
vrrp Monitor a vrrp interface
vti Monitor a vti interface
wireless Monitor wireless interface
To monitor traffic flows, issue the :code:`monitor interfaces <type> <name> flow`
command, replacing `<type>` and `<name>` with your desired interface type and
name, respectively. Output looks like the following:
.. code-block:: sh
12.5Kb 25.0Kb 37.5Kb 50.0Kb 62.5Kb
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
10.11.111.255 => 10.11.110.37 0b 0b 0b
<= 624b 749b 749b
10.11.110.29 => 10.62.200.11 0b 198b 198b
<= 0b 356b 356b
255.255.255.255 => 10.11.110.47 0b 0b 0b
<= 724b 145b 145b
10.11.111.255 => 10.11.110.47 0b 0b 0b
<= 724b 145b 145b
10.11.111.255 => 10.11.110.255 0b 0b 0b
<= 680b 136b 136b
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
TX: cumm: 26.7KB peak: 40.6Kb rates: 23.2Kb 21.4Kb 21.4Kb
RX: 67.5KB 63.6Kb 54.6Kb 54.0Kb 54.0Kb
TOTAL: 94.2KB 104Kb 77.8Kb 75.4Kb 75.4Kb
Several options are available for changing the display output. Press `h` to
invoke the built in help system. To quit, just press `q` and you'll be returned
to the VyOS command prompt.
To monitor interface traffic, issue the :code:`monitor interfaces <type> <name>
traffic` command, replacing `<type>` and `<name>` with your desired interface
type and name, respectively. This command invokes the familiar tshark_ utility
and the following options are available:
.. code-block:: sh
vyos@vyos:~$ monitor interfaces ethernet eth0 traffic
Possible completions:
<Enter> Execute the current command
detail Monitor detailed traffic for the specified ethernet interface
filter Monitor filtered traffic for the specified ethernet interface
save Save monitored traffic to a file
unlimited Monitor traffic for the specified ethernet interface
To quit monitoring, press `Ctrl-c` and you'll be returned to the VyOS command
prompt. The `detail` keyword provides verbose output of the traffic seen on
the monitored interface. The `filter` keyword accepts valid `PCAP filter
expressions`_, enclosed in single or double quotes (e.g. "port 25" or "port 161
and udp"). The `save` keyword allows you to save the traffic dump to a file.
The `unlimited` keyword is used to specify that an unlimited number of packets
can be captured (by default, 1,000 packets are captured and you're returned to
the VyOS command prompt).
.. _mtr: http://www.bitwizard.nl/mtr/
.. _tshark: https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages/tshark.html
.. _`PCAP filter expressions`: http://www.tcpdump.org/manpages/pcap-filter.7.html
|
