16 files changed, 979 insertions, 245 deletions

diff --git a/src/op_mode/bridge.py b/src/op_mode/bridge.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..411aa06d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/bridge.py
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import jmespath
+import json
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from sys import exit
+from tabulate import tabulate
+
+from vyos.util import cmd
+from vyos.util import dict_search
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+def _get_json_data():
+    """
+    Get bridge data format JSON
+    """
+    return cmd(f'sudo bridge --json link show')
+
+
+def _get_raw_data_summary():
+    """Get interested rules
+    :returns dict
+    """
+    data = _get_json_data()
+    data_dict = json.loads(data)
+    return data_dict
+
+
+def _get_raw_data_vlan():
+    """
+    :returns dict
+    """
+    json_data = cmd('sudo bridge --json --compressvlans vlan show')
+    data_dict = json.loads(json_data)
+    return data_dict
+
+
+def _get_raw_data_fdb(bridge):
+    """Get MAC-address for the bridge brX
+    :returns list
+    """
+    json_data = cmd(f'sudo bridge --json fdb show br {bridge}')
+    data_dict = json.loads(json_data)
+    return data_dict
+
+
+def _get_raw_data_mdb(bridge):
+    """Get MAC-address multicast gorup for the bridge brX
+    :return list
+    """
+    json_data = cmd(f'bridge --json  mdb show br {bridge}')
+    data_dict = json.loads(json_data)
+    return data_dict
+
+
+def _get_bridge_members(bridge: str) -> list:
+    """
+    Get list of interface bridge members
+    :param bridge: str
+    :default: ['n/a']
+    :return: list
+    """
+    data = _get_raw_data_summary()
+    members = jmespath.search(f'[?master == `{bridge}`].ifname', data)
+    return [member for member in members] if members else ['n/a']
+
+
+def _get_member_options(bridge: str):
+    data = _get_raw_data_summary()
+    options = jmespath.search(f'[?master == `{bridge}`]', data)
+    return options
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_summary(data):
+    data_entries = ''
+    bridges = set(jmespath.search('[*].master', data))
+    for bridge in bridges:
+        member_options = _get_member_options(bridge)
+        member_entries = []
+        for option in member_options:
+            interface = option.get('ifname')
+            ifindex = option.get('ifindex')
+            state = option.get('state')
+            mtu = option.get('mtu')
+            flags = ','.join(option.get('flags')).lower()
+            prio = option.get('priority')
+            member_entries.append([interface, state, mtu, flags, prio])
+        member_headers = ["Member", "State", "MTU", "Flags", "Prio"]
+        output_members = tabulate(member_entries, member_headers, numalign="left")
+        output_bridge = f"""Bridge interface {bridge}:
+{output_members}
+
+"""
+        data_entries += output_bridge
+    output = data_entries
+    return output
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_vlan(data):
+    data_entries = []
+    for entry in data:
+        interface = entry.get('ifname')
+        vlans = entry.get('vlans')
+        for vlan_entry in vlans:
+            vlan = vlan_entry.get('vlan')
+            if vlan_entry.get('vlanEnd'):
+                vlan_end = vlan_entry.get('vlanEnd')
+                vlan = f'{vlan}-{vlan_end}'
+            flags = ', '.join(vlan_entry.get('flags')).lower()
+            data_entries.append([interface, vlan, flags])
+
+    headers = ["Interface", "Vlan", "Flags"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers)
+    return output
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_fdb(data):
+    data_entries = []
+    for entry in data:
+        interface = entry.get('ifname')
+        mac = entry.get('mac')
+        state = entry.get('state')
+        flags = ','.join(entry['flags'])
+        data_entries.append([interface, mac, state, flags])
+
+    headers = ["Interface", "Mac address", "State", "Flags"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign="left")
+    return output
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_mdb(data):
+    data_entries = []
+    for entry in data:
+        for mdb_entry in entry['mdb']:
+            interface = mdb_entry.get('port')
+            group = mdb_entry.get('grp')
+            state = mdb_entry.get('state')
+            flags = ','.join(mdb_entry.get('flags'))
+            data_entries.append([interface, group, state, flags])
+    headers = ["Interface", "Group", "State", "Flags"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers)
+    return output
+
+
+def show(raw: bool):
+    bridge_data = _get_raw_data_summary()
+    if raw:
+        return bridge_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_summary(bridge_data)
+
+
+def show_vlan(raw: bool):
+    bridge_vlan = _get_raw_data_vlan()
+    if raw:
+        return bridge_vlan
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_vlan(bridge_vlan)
+
+
+def show_fdb(raw: bool, interface: str):
+    fdb_data = _get_raw_data_fdb(interface)
+    if raw:
+        return fdb_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_fdb(fdb_data)
+
+
+def show_mdb(raw: bool, interface: str):
+    mdb_data = _get_raw_data_mdb(interface)
+    if raw:
+        return mdb_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_mdb(mdb_data)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/src/op_mode/conntrack.py b/src/op_mode/conntrack.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1441d110f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/conntrack.py
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import sys
+import xmltodict
+
+from tabulate import tabulate
+from vyos.util import cmd
+from vyos.util import run
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+def _get_xml_data(family):
+    """
+    Get conntrack XML output
+    """
+    return cmd(f'sudo conntrack --dump --family {family} --output xml')
+
+
+def _xml_to_dict(xml):
+    """
+    Convert XML to dictionary
+    Return: dictionary
+    """
+    parse = xmltodict.parse(xml, attr_prefix='')
+    # If only one conntrack entry we must change dict
+    if 'meta' in parse['conntrack']['flow']:
+        return dict(conntrack={'flow': [parse['conntrack']['flow']]})
+    return parse
+
+
+def _get_raw_data(family):
+    """
+    Return: dictionary
+    """
+    xml = _get_xml_data(family)
+    return _xml_to_dict(xml)
+
+
+def get_formatted_output(dict_data):
+    """
+    :param xml:
+    :return: formatted output
+    """
+    data_entries = []
+    #dict_data = _get_raw_data(family)
+    for entry in dict_data['conntrack']['flow']:
+        orig_src, orig_dst, orig_sport, orig_dport = {}, {}, {}, {}
+        reply_src, reply_dst, reply_sport, reply_dport = {}, {}, {}, {}
+        proto = {}
+        for meta in entry['meta']:
+            direction = meta['direction']
+            if direction in ['original']:
+                if 'layer3' in meta:
+                    orig_src = meta['layer3']['src']
+                    orig_dst = meta['layer3']['dst']
+                if 'layer4' in meta:
+                    if meta.get('layer4').get('sport'):
+                        orig_sport = meta['layer4']['sport']
+                    if meta.get('layer4').get('dport'):
+                        orig_dport = meta['layer4']['dport']
+                    proto = meta['layer4']['protoname']
+            if direction in ['reply']:
+                if 'layer3' in meta:
+                    reply_src = meta['layer3']['src']
+                    reply_dst = meta['layer3']['dst']
+                if 'layer4' in meta:
+                    if meta.get('layer4').get('sport'):
+                        reply_sport = meta['layer4']['sport']
+                    if meta.get('layer4').get('dport'):
+                        reply_dport = meta['layer4']['dport']
+                    proto = meta['layer4']['protoname']
+            if direction == 'independent':
+                conn_id = meta['id']
+                timeout = meta['timeout']
+                orig_src = f'{orig_src}:{orig_sport}' if orig_sport else orig_src
+                orig_dst = f'{orig_dst}:{orig_dport}' if orig_dport else orig_dst
+                reply_src = f'{reply_src}:{reply_sport}' if reply_sport else reply_src
+                reply_dst = f'{reply_dst}:{reply_dport}' if reply_dport else reply_dst
+                state = meta['state'] if 'state' in meta else ''
+                mark = meta['mark']
+                zone = meta['zone'] if 'zone' in meta else ''
+                data_entries.append(
+                    [conn_id, orig_src, orig_dst, reply_src, reply_dst, proto, state, timeout, mark, zone])
+    headers = ["Id", "Original src", "Original dst", "Reply src", "Reply dst", "Protocol", "State", "Timeout", "Mark",
+               "Zone"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign="left")
+    return output
+
+
+def show(raw: bool, family: str):
+    family = 'ipv6' if family == 'inet6' else 'ipv4'
+    conntrack_data = _get_raw_data(family)
+    if raw:
+        return conntrack_data
+    else:
+        return get_formatted_output(conntrack_data)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/src/op_mode/cpu.py b/src/op_mode/cpu.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f9c425826
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/cpu.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2016-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import sys
+
+import vyos.cpu
+import vyos.opmode
+
+from jinja2 import Template
+
+cpu_template = Template("""
+{% for cpu in cpus %}
+{% if 'physical id' in cpu %}CPU socket: {{cpu['physical id']}}{% endif %}
+{% if 'vendor_id' in cpu %}CPU Vendor:       {{cpu['vendor_id']}}{% endif %}
+{% if 'model name' in cpu %}Model:            {{cpu['model name']}}{% endif %}
+{% if 'cpu cores' in cpu %}Cores:            {{cpu['cpu cores']}}{% endif %}
+{% if 'cpu MHz' in cpu %}Current MHz:      {{cpu['cpu MHz']}}{% endif %}
+{% endfor %}
+""")
+
+cpu_summary_template = Template("""
+Physical CPU cores: {{count}}
+CPU model(s): {{models | join(", ")}}
+""")
+
+def _get_raw_data():
+    return vyos.cpu.get_cpus()
+
+def _format_cpus(cpu_data):
+    env = {'cpus': cpu_data}
+    return cpu_template.render(env).strip()
+
+def _get_summary_data():
+    count = vyos.cpu.get_core_count()
+    cpu_data = vyos.cpu.get_cpus()
+    models = [c['model name'] for c in cpu_data]
+    env = {'count': count, "models": models}
+
+    return env
+
+def _format_cpu_summary(summary_data):
+    return cpu_summary_template.render(summary_data).strip()
+
+def show(raw: bool):
+    cpu_data = _get_raw_data()
+
+    if raw:
+        return cpu_data
+    else:
+        return _format_cpus(cpu_data)
+
+def show_summary(raw: bool):
+    cpu_summary_data = _get_summary_data()
+
+    if raw:
+        return cpu_summary_data
+    else:
+        return _format_cpu_summary(cpu_summary_data)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
diff --git a/src/op_mode/cpu_summary.py b/src/op_mode/cpu_summary.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 3bdf5a718..000000000
--- a/src/op_mode/cpu_summary.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2018-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
-#
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
-# published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-import re
-from vyos.util import colon_separated_to_dict
-
-FILE_NAME = '/proc/cpuinfo'
-
-def get_raw_data():
-    with open(FILE_NAME, 'r') as f:
-        data_raw = f.read()
-
-    data = colon_separated_to_dict(data_raw)
-
-    # Accumulate all data in a dict for future support for machine-readable output
-    cpu_data = {}
-    cpu_data['cpu_number'] = len(data['processor'])
-    cpu_data['models'] = list(set(data['model name']))
-
-    # Strip extra whitespace from CPU model names, /proc/cpuinfo is prone to that
-    cpu_data['models'] = list(map(lambda s: re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', s), cpu_data['models']))
-
-    return cpu_data
-
-def get_formatted_output():
-    cpu_data = get_raw_data()
-
-    out = "CPU(s): {0}\n".format(cpu_data['cpu_number'])
-    out += "CPU model(s): {0}".format(",".join(cpu_data['models']))
-
-    return out
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    print(get_formatted_output())
-
diff --git a/src/op_mode/ipsec.py b/src/op_mode/ipsec.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..432856585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/ipsec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import re
+import sys
+from vyos.util import call
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+SWANCTL_CONF = '/etc/swanctl/swanctl.conf'
+
+
+def get_peer_connections(peer, tunnel, return_all = False):
+    peer = peer.replace(':', '-')
+    search = rf'^[\s]*(peer_{peer}_(tunnel_[\d]+|vti)).*'
+    matches = []
+    with open(SWANCTL_CONF, 'r') as f:
+        for line in f.readlines():
+            result = re.match(search, line)
+            if result:
+                suffix = f'tunnel_{tunnel}' if tunnel.isnumeric() else tunnel
+                if return_all or (result[2] == suffix):
+                    matches.append(result[1])
+    return matches
+
+
+def reset_peer(peer: str, tunnel:str):
+    if not peer:
+        print('Invalid peer, aborting')
+        return
+
+    conns = get_peer_connections(peer, tunnel, return_all = (not tunnel or tunnel == 'all'))
+
+    if not conns:
+        print('Tunnel(s) not found, aborting')
+        return
+
+    result = True
+    for conn in conns:
+        try:
+            call(f'sudo /usr/sbin/ipsec down {conn}{{*}}', timeout = 10)
+            call(f'sudo /usr/sbin/ipsec up {conn}', timeout = 10)
+        except TimeoutExpired as e:
+            print(f'Timed out while resetting {conn}')
+            result = False
+
+
+    print('Peer reset result: ' + ('success' if result else 'failed'))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_ram.py b/src/op_mode/memory.py
index 2b0be3965..a3870e498 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/show_ram.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/memory.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+# Copyright (C) 2021-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
@@ -15,7 +15,12 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-def get_system_memory():
+import sys
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+def _get_system_memory():
     from re import search as re_search
 
     def find_value(keyword, mem_data):
@@ -43,10 +48,10 @@ def get_system_memory():
 
     return res
 
-def get_system_memory_human():
+def _get_system_memory_human():
     from vyos.util import bytes_to_human
 
-    mem = get_system_memory()
+    mem = _get_system_memory()
 
     for key in mem:
         # The Linux kernel exposes memory values in kilobytes,
@@ -55,17 +60,31 @@ def get_system_memory_human():
 
     return mem
 
-def get_raw_data():
-    return get_system_memory_human()
-
-def get_formatted_output():
-    mem = get_raw_data()
+def _get_raw_data():
+    return _get_system_memory_human()
 
+def _get_formatted_output(mem):
     out = "Total: {}\n".format(mem["total"])
     out += "Free:  {}\n".format(mem["free"])
     out += "Used:  {}".format(mem["used"])
 
     return out
 
+def show(raw: bool):
+    ram_data = _get_raw_data()
+
+    if raw:
+        return ram_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output(ram_data)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    print(get_formatted_output())
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
diff --git a/src/op_mode/nat.py b/src/op_mode/nat.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4b54ecf31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/nat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import jmespath
+import json
+import sys
+
+from sys import exit
+from tabulate import tabulate
+
+from vyos.util import cmd
+from vyos.util import dict_search
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+def _get_json_data(direction):
+    """
+    Get NAT format JSON
+    """
+    if direction == 'source':
+        chain = 'POSTROUTING'
+    if direction == 'destination':
+        chain = 'PREROUTING'
+    return cmd(f'sudo nft --json list chain ip nat {chain}')
+
+
+def _get_raw_data_rules(direction):
+    """Get interested rules
+    :returns dict
+    """
+    data = _get_json_data(direction)
+    data_dict = json.loads(data)
+    rules = []
+    for rule in data_dict['nftables']:
+        if 'rule' in rule and 'comment' in rule['rule']:
+            rules.append(rule)
+    return rules
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_rules(data, direction):
+    # Add default values before loop
+    sport, dport, proto = 'any', 'any', 'any'
+    saddr, daddr = '0.0.0.0/0', '0.0.0.0/0'
+    data_entries = []
+    for rule in data:
+        if 'comment' in rule['rule']:
+            comment = rule.get('rule').get('comment')
+            rule_number = comment.split('-')[-1]
+            rule_number = rule_number.split(' ')[0]
+        if 'expr' in rule['rule']:
+            interface = rule.get('rule').get('expr')[0].get('match').get('right') \
+                if jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].match.left.meta', rule) else 'any'
+        for index, match in enumerate(jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].match', rule)):
+            if 'payload' in match['left']:
+                if 'prefix' in match['right'] or 'set' in match['right']:
+                    # Merge dict src/dst l3_l4 parameters
+                    my_dict = {**match['left']['payload'], **match['right']}
+                    proto = my_dict.get('protocol').upper()
+                    if my_dict['field'] == 'saddr':
+                        saddr = f'{my_dict["prefix"]["addr"]}/{my_dict["prefix"]["len"]}'
+                    elif my_dict['field'] == 'daddr':
+                        daddr = f'{my_dict["prefix"]["addr"]}/{my_dict["prefix"]["len"]}'
+                    elif my_dict['field'] == 'sport':
+                        # Port range or single port
+                        if jmespath.search('set[*].range', my_dict):
+                            sport = my_dict['set'][0]['range']
+                            sport = '-'.join(map(str, sport))
+                        else:
+                            sport = my_dict.get('set')
+                            sport = ','.join(map(str, sport))
+                    elif my_dict['field'] == 'dport':
+                        # Port range or single port
+                        if jmespath.search('set[*].range', my_dict):
+                            dport = my_dict["set"][0]["range"]
+                            dport = '-'.join(map(str, dport))
+                        else:
+                            dport = my_dict.get('set')
+                            dport = ','.join(map(str, dport))
+                else:
+                    if jmespath.search('left.payload.field', match) == 'saddr':
+                        saddr = match.get('right')
+                    if jmespath.search('left.payload.field', match) == 'daddr':
+                        daddr = match.get('right')
+            else:
+                saddr = '0.0.0.0/0'
+                daddr = '0.0.0.0/0'
+                sport = 'any'
+                dport = 'any'
+                proto = 'any'
+
+            source = f'''{saddr}
+sport {sport}'''
+            destination = f'''{daddr}
+dport {dport}'''
+
+            if jmespath.search('left.payload.field', match) == 'protocol':
+                field_proto = match.get('right').upper()
+
+            for expr in rule.get('rule').get('expr'):
+                if 'snat' in expr:
+                    translation = dict_search('snat.addr', expr)
+                    if expr['snat'] and 'port' in expr['snat']:
+                        if jmespath.search('snat.port.range', expr):
+                            port = dict_search('snat.port.range', expr)
+                            port = '-'.join(map(str, port))
+                        else:
+                            port = expr['snat']['port']
+                        translation = f'''{translation}
+port {port}'''
+
+                elif 'masquerade' in expr:
+                    translation = 'masquerade'
+                    if expr['masquerade'] and 'port' in expr['masquerade']:
+                        if jmespath.search('masquerade.port.range', expr):
+                            port = dict_search('masquerade.port.range', expr)
+                            port = '-'.join(map(str, port))
+                        else:
+                            port = expr['masquerade']['port']
+
+                        translation = f'''{translation}
+port {port}'''
+                else:
+                    translation = 'exclude'
+        # Overwrite match loop 'proto' if specified filed 'protocol' exist
+        if 'protocol' in jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].match.left.payload.field', rule):
+            proto = jmespath.search('rule.expr[0].match.right', rule).upper()
+
+        data_entries.append([rule_number, source, destination, proto, interface, translation])
+
+    interface_header = 'Out-Int' if direction == 'source' else 'In-Int'
+    headers = ["Rule", "Source", "Destination", "Proto", interface_header, "Translation"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign="left")
+    return output
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output_statistics(data, direction):
+    data_entries = []
+    for rule in data:
+        if 'comment' in rule['rule']:
+            comment = rule.get('rule').get('comment')
+            rule_number = comment.split('-')[-1]
+            rule_number = rule_number.split(' ')[0]
+        if 'expr' in rule['rule']:
+            interface = rule.get('rule').get('expr')[0].get('match').get('right') \
+                if jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].match.left.meta', rule) else 'any'
+            packets = jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].counter.packets | [0]', rule)
+            _bytes = jmespath.search('rule.expr[*].counter.bytes | [0]', rule)
+        data_entries.append([rule_number, packets, _bytes, interface])
+    headers = ["Rule", "Packets", "Bytes", "Interface"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign="left")
+    return output
+
+
+def show_rules(raw: bool, direction: str):
+    nat_rules = _get_raw_data_rules(direction)
+    if raw:
+        return nat_rules
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_rules(nat_rules, direction)
+
+
+def show_statistics(raw: bool, direction: str):
+    nat_statistics = _get_raw_data_rules(direction)
+    if raw:
+        return nat_statistics
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output_statistics(nat_statistics, direction)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_neigh.py b/src/op_mode/neighbor.py
index d874bd544..d86a372ac 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/show_neigh.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/neighbor.py
@@ -28,29 +28,37 @@
 # ]
 
 import sys
+import typing
 
+import vyos.opmode
 
-def get_raw_data(family, device=None, state=None):
+def interface_exists(interface):
+    import os
+    return os.path.exists(f'/sys/class/net/{interface}')
+
+def get_raw_data(family, interface=None, state=None):
     from json import loads
     from vyos.util import cmd
 
-    if device:
-        device = f"dev {device}"
+    if interface:
+        if not interface_exists(interface):
+            raise ValueError(f"Interface '{interface}' does not exist in the system")
+        interface = f"dev {interface}"
     else:
-        device = ""
+        interface = ""
 
     if state:
         state = f"nud {state}"
     else:
         state = ""
 
-    neigh_cmd = f"ip --family {family} --json neighbor list {device} {state}"
+    neigh_cmd = f"ip --family {family} --json neighbor list {interface} {state}"
 
     data = loads(cmd(neigh_cmd))
 
     return data
 
-def get_formatted_output(family, device=None, state=None):
+def format_neighbors(neighs, interface=None):
     from tabulate import tabulate
 
     def entry_to_list(e, intf=None):
@@ -68,35 +76,47 @@ def get_formatted_output(family, device=None, state=None):
         # Device field is absent from outputs of `ip neigh list dev ...`
         if "dev" in e:
             dev = e["dev"]
-        elif device:
-            dev = device
+        elif interface:
+            dev = interface
         else:
             raise ValueError("interface is not defined")
 
         return [dst, dev, lladdr, state]
 
-    neighs = get_raw_data(family, device=device, state=state)
     neighs = map(entry_to_list, neighs)
 
     headers = ["Address", "Interface", "Link layer address",  "State"]
     return tabulate(neighs, headers)
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    from argparse import ArgumentParser
+def show(raw: bool, family: str, interface: typing.Optional[str], state: typing.Optional[str]):
+    """ Display neighbor table contents """
+    data = get_raw_data(family, interface, state=state)
 
-    parser = ArgumentParser()
-    parser.add_argument("-f", "--family", type=str, default="inet", help="Address family")
-    parser.add_argument("-i", "--interface", type=str, help="Network interface")
-    parser.add_argument("-s", "--state", type=str, help="Neighbor table entry state")
+    if raw:
+        return data
+    else:
+        return format_neighbors(data, interface)
 
-    args = parser.parse_args()
+def reset(family: str, interface: typing.Optional[str], address: typing.Optional[str]):
+    from vyos.util import run
 
-    if args.state:
-        if args.state not in ["reachable", "failed", "stale", "permanent"]:
-            raise ValueError(f"""Incorrect state "{args.state}"! Must be one of: reachable, stale, failed, permanent""")
+    if address and interface:
+        raise ValueError("interface and address parameters are mutually exclusive")
+    elif address:
+        run(f"""ip --family {family} neighbor flush to {address}""")
+    elif interface:
+        run(f"""ip --family {family} neighbor flush dev {interface}""")
+    else:
+        # Flush an entire neighbor table
+        run(f"""ip --family {family} neighbor flush""")
 
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
     try:
-        print(get_formatted_output(args.family, device=args.interface, state=args.state))
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
     except ValueError as e:
         print(e)
         sys.exit(1)
+
diff --git a/src/op_mode/route.py b/src/op_mode/route.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bb06adac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/route.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# Purpose:
+#    Displays routing table information.
+#    Used by the "run <ip|ipv6> route *" commands.
+
+import re
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from jinja2 import Template
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+frr_command_template = Template("""
+{% if family == "inet" %}
+    show ip route
+{% else %}
+    show ipv6 route
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if table %}
+    table {{table}}
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if vrf %}
+    vrf {{table}}
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if tag %}
+    tag {{tag}}
+{% elif net %}
+    {{net}}
+{% elif protocol %}
+    {{protocol}}
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if raw %}
+    json
+{% endif %}
+""")
+
+def show(raw: bool,
+         family: str,
+         net: typing.Optional[str],
+         table: typing.Optional[int],
+         protocol: typing.Optional[str],
+         vrf: typing.Optional[str],
+         tag: typing.Optional[str]):
+    if net and protocol:
+        raise ValueError("net and protocol are mutually exclusive")
+    elif table and vrf:
+        raise ValueError("table and vrf are mutually exclusive")
+    elif (family == 'inet6') and (protocol == 'rip'):
+        raise ValueError("rip is not a valid protocol for family inet6")
+    elif (family == 'inet') and (protocol == 'ripng'):
+        raise ValueError("rip is not a valid protocol for family inet6")
+    else:
+        if (family == 'inet6') and (protocol == 'ospf'):
+            protocol = 'ospf6'
+
+        kwargs = dict(locals())
+
+        frr_command = frr_command_template.render(kwargs)
+        frr_command = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', frr_command)
+
+        from vyos.util import cmd
+        output = cmd(f"vtysh -c '{frr_command}'")
+
+        if raw:
+            from json import loads
+            return loads(output)
+        else:
+            return output
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_cpu.py b/src/op_mode/show_cpu.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 9973d9789..000000000
--- a/src/op_mode/show_cpu.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2016-2020 VyOS maintainers and contributors
-#
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
-# published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-import json
-
-from jinja2 import Template
-from sys import exit
-from vyos.util import popen, DEVNULL
-
-OUT_TMPL_SRC = """
-{%- if cpu -%}
-{% if 'vendor' in cpu %}CPU Vendor:       {{cpu.vendor}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'model' in cpu %}Model:            {{cpu.model}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'cpus' in cpu %}Total CPUs:       {{cpu.cpus}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'sockets' in cpu %}Sockets:          {{cpu.sockets}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'cores' in cpu %}Cores:            {{cpu.cores}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'threads' in cpu %}Threads:          {{cpu.threads}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'mhz' in cpu %}Current MHz:      {{cpu.mhz}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'mhz_min' in cpu %}Minimum MHz:      {{cpu.mhz_min}}{% endif %}
-{% if 'mhz_max' in cpu %}Maximum MHz:      {{cpu.mhz_max}}{% endif %}
-{%- endif -%}
-"""
-
-def get_raw_data():
-    cpu = {}
-    cpu_json, code = popen('lscpu -J', stderr=DEVNULL)
-
-    if code == 0:
-        cpu_info = json.loads(cpu_json)
-        if len(cpu_info) > 0 and 'lscpu' in cpu_info:
-            for prop in cpu_info['lscpu']:
-                if (prop['field'].find('Thread(s)') > -1): cpu['threads'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('Core(s)')) > -1: cpu['cores'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('Socket(s)')) > -1: cpu['sockets'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('CPU(s):')) > -1: cpu['cpus'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('CPU MHz')) > -1: cpu['mhz'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('CPU min MHz')) > -1: cpu['mhz_min'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('CPU max MHz')) > -1: cpu['mhz_max'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('Vendor ID')) > -1: cpu['vendor'] = prop['data']
-                if (prop['field'].find('Model name')) > -1: cpu['model'] = prop['data']
-
-    return cpu
-
-def get_formatted_output():
-    cpu = get_raw_data()
-
-    tmp = {'cpu':cpu}
-    tmpl = Template(OUT_TMPL_SRC)
-    return tmpl.render(tmp)
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    cpu = get_raw_data()
-
-    if len(cpu) > 0:
-        print(get_formatted_output())
-    else:
-        print('CPU information could not be determined\n')
-        exit(1)
-
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_nat_rules.py b/src/op_mode/show_nat_rules.py
index 98adb31dd..60a4bdd13 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/show_nat_rules.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/show_nat_rules.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2021 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+# Copyright (C) 2021-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
@@ -99,8 +99,9 @@ if args.source or args.destination:
                     if addr_tmp and len_tmp:
                         tran_addr += addr_tmp + '/' + str(len_tmp) + ' '
 
-                if isinstance(tran_addr_json['port'],int):
-                    tran_addr += 'port ' + str(tran_addr_json['port'])
+                if tran_addr_json.get('port'):
+                    if isinstance(tran_addr_json['port'],int):
+                        tran_addr += 'port ' + str(tran_addr_json['port'])
 
             else:
                 if 'masquerade' in data['expr'][i]:
@@ -111,6 +112,8 @@ if args.source or args.destination:
         if srcdest != '':
             srcdests.append(srcdest)
             srcdest = ''
+        else:
+            srcdests.append('any')
         print(format_nat_rule.format(rule, srcdests[0], tran_addr, interface))
 
         for i in range(1, len(srcdests)):
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_nat_translations.py b/src/op_mode/show_nat_translations.py
index 25091e9fc..508845e23 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/show_nat_translations.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/show_nat_translations.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2020 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
@@ -83,11 +83,23 @@ def pipe():
     return xml
 
 
+def xml_to_dict(xml):
+    """
+    Convert XML to dictionary
+    Return: dictionary
+    """
+    parse = xmltodict.parse(xml)
+    # If only one NAT entry we must change dict T4499
+    if 'meta' in parse['conntrack']['flow']:
+        return dict(conntrack={'flow': [parse['conntrack']['flow']]})
+    return parse
+
+
 def process(data, stats, protocol, pipe, verbose, flowtype=''):
     if not data:
         return
 
-    parsed = xmltodict.parse(data)
+    parsed = xml_to_dict(data)
 
     print(headers(verbose, pipe))
 
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_vrf.py b/src/op_mode/show_vrf.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 3c7a90205..000000000
--- a/src/op_mode/show_vrf.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2020 VyOS maintainers and contributors
-#
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
-# published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-import argparse
-import jinja2
-from json import loads
-
-from vyos.util import cmd
-
-vrf_out_tmpl = """VRF name          state     mac address        flags                     interfaces
---------          -----     -----------        -----                     ----------
-{%- for v in vrf %}
-{{"%-16s"|format(v.ifname)}}  {{ "%-8s"|format(v.operstate | lower())}}  {{"%-17s"|format(v.address | lower())}}  {{ v.flags|join(',')|lower()}}  {{v.members|join(',')|lower()}}
-{%- endfor %}
-
-"""
-
-def list_vrfs():
-    command = 'ip -j -br link show type vrf'
-    answer = loads(cmd(command))
-    return [_ for _ in answer if _]
-
-def list_vrf_members(vrf):
-    command = f'ip -j -br link show master {vrf}'
-    answer = loads(cmd(command))
-    return [_ for _ in answer if _]
-
-parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
-group.add_argument("-e", "--extensive", action="store_true",
-                   help="provide detailed vrf informatio")
-parser.add_argument('interface', metavar='I', type=str, nargs='?',
-                    help='interface to display')
-
-args = parser.parse_args()
-
-if args.extensive:
-    data = { 'vrf': [] }
-    for vrf in list_vrfs():
-        name = vrf['ifname']
-        if args.interface and name != args.interface:
-            continue
-
-        vrf['members'] = []
-        for member in list_vrf_members(name):
-            vrf['members'].append(member['ifname'])
-        data['vrf'].append(vrf)
-
-    tmpl = jinja2.Template(vrf_out_tmpl)
-    print(tmpl.render(data))
-
-else:
-    print(" ".join([vrf['ifname'] for vrf in list_vrfs()]))
diff --git a/src/op_mode/show_version.py b/src/op_mode/version.py
index b82ab6eca..06208c3e5 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/show_version.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/version.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2016-2020 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+# Copyright (C) 2016-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@
 #    Displays image version and system information.
 #    Used by the "run show version" command.
 
-import argparse
+import sys
+import typing
+
+import vyos.opmode
 import vyos.version
 import vyos.limericks
 
 from jinja2 import Template
-from sys import exit
-from vyos.util import call
 
 version_output_tmpl = """
 Version:          VyOS {{version}}
@@ -45,32 +46,39 @@ Hardware S/N:     {{hardware_serial}}
 Hardware UUID:    {{hardware_uuid}}
 
 Copyright:        VyOS maintainers and contributors
+{%- if limerick %}
+{{limerick}}
+{% endif -%}
 """
 
-def get_raw_data():
+def _get_raw_data(funny=False):
     version_data = vyos.version.get_full_version_data()
+
+    if funny:
+        version_data["limerick"] = vyos.limericks.get_random()
+
     return version_data
 
-def get_formatted_output():
-    version_data = get_raw_data()
+def _get_formatted_output(version_data):
     tmpl = Template(version_output_tmpl)
-    return tmpl.render(version_data)
+    return tmpl.render(version_data).strip()
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-    parser.add_argument("-f", "--funny", action="store_true", help="Add something funny to the output")
-    parser.add_argument("-j", "--json", action="store_true", help="Produce JSON output")
+def show(raw: bool, funny: typing.Optional[bool]):
+    """ Display neighbor table contents """
+    version_data = _get_raw_data(funny=funny)
 
-    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if raw:
+        return version_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output(version_data)
 
-    version_data = vyos.version.get_full_version_data()
 
-    if args.json:
-        import json
-        print(json.dumps(version_data))
-        exit(0)
-    else:
-        print(get_formatted_output())
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
 
-    if args.funny:
-        print(vyos.limericks.get_random())
diff --git a/src/op_mode/vpn_ipsec.py b/src/op_mode/vpn_ipsec.py
index 8955e5a59..68dc5bc45 100755
--- a/src/op_mode/vpn_ipsec.py
+++ b/src/op_mode/vpn_ipsec.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2021 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+# Copyright (C) 2021-2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ def reset_profile(profile, tunnel):
     print('Profile reset result: ' + ('success' if result == 0 else 'failed'))
 
 def debug_peer(peer, tunnel):
+    peer = peer.replace(':', '-')
     if not peer or peer == "all":
         debug_commands = [
             "sudo ipsec statusall",
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ def debug_peer(peer, tunnel):
     if not tunnel or tunnel == 'all':
         tunnel = ''
 
-    conn = get_peer_connections(peer, tunnel)
+    conns = get_peer_connections(peer, tunnel, return_all = (tunnel == '' or tunnel == 'all'))
 
     if not conns:
         print('Peer not found, aborting')
diff --git a/src/op_mode/vrf.py b/src/op_mode/vrf.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f86516786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/op_mode/vrf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+import json
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from tabulate import tabulate
+from vyos.util import cmd
+
+import vyos.opmode
+
+
+def _get_raw_data(name=None):
+    """
+    If vrf name is not set - get all VRFs
+    If vrf name is set - get only this name data
+    If vrf name set and not found - return []
+    """
+    output = cmd('sudo ip --json --brief link show type vrf')
+    data = json.loads(output)
+    if not data:
+        return []
+    if name:
+        is_vrf_exists = True if [vrf for vrf in data if vrf.get('ifname') == name] else False
+        if is_vrf_exists:
+            output = cmd(f'sudo ip --json --brief link show dev {name}')
+            data = json.loads(output)
+            return data
+        return []
+    return data
+
+
+def _get_vrf_members(vrf: str) -> list:
+    """
+    Get list of interface VRF members
+    :param vrf: str
+    :return: list
+    """
+    output = cmd(f'sudo ip --json --brief link show master {vrf}')
+    answer = json.loads(output)
+    interfaces = []
+    for data in answer:
+        if 'ifname' in data:
+            interfaces.append(data.get('ifname'))
+    return interfaces if len(interfaces) > 0 else ['n/a']
+
+
+def _get_formatted_output(raw_data):
+    data_entries = []
+    for vrf in raw_data:
+        name = vrf.get('ifname')
+        state = vrf.get('operstate').lower()
+        hw_address = vrf.get('address')
+        flags = ','.join(vrf.get('flags')).lower()
+        members = ','.join(_get_vrf_members(name))
+        data_entries.append([name, state, hw_address, flags, members])
+
+    headers = ["Name", "State", "MAC address", "Flags", "Interfaces"]
+    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign="left")
+    return output
+
+
+def show(raw: bool, name: typing.Optional[str]):
+    vrf_data = _get_raw_data(name=name)
+    if raw:
+        return vrf_data
+    else:
+        return _get_formatted_output(vrf_data)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    try:
+        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
+        if res:
+            print(res)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)