path: root/src/op_mode/dhcp.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
# Copyright (C) 2022-2023 VyOS maintainers and contributors
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import os
import sys
import typing

from datetime import datetime
from glob import glob
from ipaddress import ip_address
from isc_dhcp_leases import IscDhcpLeases
from tabulate import tabulate

import vyos.opmode

from vyos.base import Warning
from vyos.configquery import ConfigTreeQuery

from vyos.utils.dict import dict_search
from vyos.utils.file import read_file
from vyos.utils.process import cmd
from vyos.utils.process import is_systemd_service_running

time_string = "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y"

config = ConfigTreeQuery()
lease_valid_states = ['all', 'active', 'free', 'expired', 'released', 'abandoned', 'reset', 'backup']
sort_valid_inet = ['end', 'mac', 'hostname', 'ip', 'pool', 'remaining', 'start', 'state']
sort_valid_inet6 = ['end', 'iaid_duid', 'ip', 'last_communication', 'pool', 'remaining', 'state', 'type']

ArgFamily = typing.Literal['inet', 'inet6']
ArgState = typing.Literal['all', 'active', 'free', 'expired', 'released', 'abandoned', 'reset', 'backup']

def _utc_to_local(utc_dt):
    return datetime.fromtimestamp((datetime.fromtimestamp(utc_dt) - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds())


def _format_hex_string(in_str):
    out_str = ""
    # if input is divisible by 2, add : every 2 chars
    if len(in_str) > 0 and len(in_str) % 2 == 0:
        out_str = ':'.join(a+b for a,b in zip(in_str[::2], in_str[1::2]))
    else:
        out_str = in_str

    return out_str


def _find_list_of_dict_index(lst, key='ip', value='') -> int:
    """
    Find the index entry of list of dict matching the dict value
    Exampe:
        % lst = [{'ip': '192.0.2.1'}, {'ip': '192.0.2.2'}]
        % _find_list_of_dict_index(lst, key='ip', value='192.0.2.2')
        % 1
    """
    idx = next((index for (index, d) in enumerate(lst) if d[key] == value), None)
    return idx


def _get_raw_server_leases(family='inet', pool=None, sorted=None, state=[]) -> list:
    """
    Get DHCP server leases
    :return list
    """
    lease_file = '/config/dhcpdv6.leases' if family == 'inet6' else '/config/dhcpd.leases'
    data = []
    leases = IscDhcpLeases(lease_file).get()

    if pool is None:
        pool = _get_dhcp_pools(family=family)
    else:
        pool = [pool]

    for lease in leases:
        data_lease = {}
        data_lease['ip'] = lease.ip
        data_lease['state'] = lease.binding_state
        data_lease['pool'] = lease.sets.get('shared-networkname', '')
        data_lease['end'] = lease.end.timestamp() if lease.end else None

        if family == 'inet':
            data_lease['mac'] = lease.ethernet
            data_lease['start'] = lease.start.timestamp()
            data_lease['hostname'] = lease.hostname

        if family == 'inet6':
            data_lease['last_communication'] = lease.last_communication.timestamp()
            data_lease['iaid_duid'] = _format_hex_string(lease.host_identifier_string)
            lease_types_long = {'na': 'non-temporary', 'ta': 'temporary', 'pd': 'prefix delegation'}
            data_lease['type'] = lease_types_long[lease.type]

        data_lease['remaining'] = '-'

        if lease.end:
            data_lease['remaining'] = lease.end - datetime.utcnow()

            if data_lease['remaining'].days >= 0:
                # substraction gives us a timedelta object which can't be formatted with strftime
                # so we use str(), split gets rid of the microseconds
                data_lease['remaining'] = str(data_lease["remaining"]).split('.')[0]

        # Do not add old leases
        if data_lease['remaining'] != '' and data_lease['pool'] in pool and data_lease['state'] != 'free':
            if not state or data_lease['state'] in state:
                data.append(data_lease)

        # deduplicate
        checked = []
        for entry in data:
            addr = entry.get('ip')
            if addr not in checked:
                checked.append(addr)
            else:
                idx = _find_list_of_dict_index(data, key='ip', value=addr)
                data.pop(idx)

    if sorted:
        if sorted == 'ip':
            data.sort(key = lambda x:ip_address(x['ip']))
        else:
            data.sort(key = lambda x:x[sorted])
    return data


def _get_formatted_server_leases(raw_data, family='inet'):
    data_entries = []
    if family == 'inet':
        for lease in raw_data:
            ipaddr = lease.get('ip')
            hw_addr = lease.get('mac')
            state = lease.get('state')
            start = lease.get('start')
            start =  _utc_to_local(start).strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')
            end = lease.get('end')
            end =  _utc_to_local(end).strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S') if end else '-'
            remain = lease.get('remaining')
            pool = lease.get('pool')
            hostname = lease.get('hostname')
            data_entries.append([ipaddr, hw_addr, state, start, end, remain, pool, hostname])

        headers = ['IP Address', 'MAC address', 'State', 'Lease start', 'Lease expiration', 'Remaining', 'Pool',
                   'Hostname']

    if family == 'inet6':
        for lease in raw_data:
            ipaddr = lease.get('ip')
            state = lease.get('state')
            start = lease.get('last_communication')
            start =  _utc_to_local(start).strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')
            end = lease.get('end')
            end =  _utc_to_local(end).strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')
            remain = lease.get('remaining')
            lease_type = lease.get('type')
            pool = lease.get('pool')
            host_identifier = lease.get('iaid_duid')
            data_entries.append([ipaddr, state, start, end, remain, lease_type, pool, host_identifier])

        headers = ['IPv6 address', 'State', 'Last communication', 'Lease expiration', 'Remaining', 'Type', 'Pool',
                   'IAID_DUID']

    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign='left')
    return output


def _get_dhcp_pools(family='inet') -> list:
    v = 'v6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
    pools = config.list_nodes(f'service dhcp{v}-server shared-network-name')
    return pools


def _get_pool_size(pool, family='inet'):
    v = 'v6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
    base = f'service dhcp{v}-server shared-network-name {pool}'
    size = 0
    subnets = config.list_nodes(f'{base} subnet')
    for subnet in subnets:
        if family == 'inet6':
            ranges = config.list_nodes(f'{base} subnet {subnet} address-range start')
        else:
            ranges = config.list_nodes(f'{base} subnet {subnet} range')
        for range in ranges:
            if family == 'inet6':
                start = config.list_nodes(f'{base} subnet {subnet} address-range start')[0]
                stop = config.value(f'{base} subnet {subnet} address-range start {start} stop')
            else:
                start = config.value(f'{base} subnet {subnet} range {range} start')
                stop = config.value(f'{base} subnet {subnet} range {range} stop')
            # Add +1 because both range boundaries are inclusive
            size += int(ip_address(stop)) - int(ip_address(start)) + 1
    return size


def _get_raw_pool_statistics(family='inet', pool=None):
    if pool is None:
        pool = _get_dhcp_pools(family=family)
    else:
        pool = [pool]

    v = 'v6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
    stats = []
    for p in pool:
        subnet = config.list_nodes(f'service dhcp{v}-server shared-network-name {p} subnet')
        size = _get_pool_size(family=family, pool=p)
        leases = len(_get_raw_server_leases(family=family, pool=p))
        use_percentage = round(leases / size * 100) if size != 0 else 0
        pool_stats = {'pool': p, 'size': size, 'leases': leases,
                      'available': (size - leases), 'use_percentage': use_percentage, 'subnet': subnet}
        stats.append(pool_stats)
    return stats


def _get_formatted_pool_statistics(pool_data, family='inet'):
    data_entries = []
    for entry in pool_data:
        pool = entry.get('pool')
        size = entry.get('size')
        leases = entry.get('leases')
        available = entry.get('available')
        use_percentage = entry.get('use_percentage')
        use_percentage = f'{use_percentage}%'
        data_entries.append([pool, size, leases, available, use_percentage])

    headers = ['Pool', 'Size','Leases', 'Available', 'Usage']
    output = tabulate(data_entries, headers, numalign='left')
    return output


def _verify(func):
    """Decorator checks if DHCP(v6) config exists"""
    from functools import wraps

    @wraps(func)
    def _wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        config = ConfigTreeQuery()
        family = kwargs.get('family')
        v = 'v6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
        unconf_message = f'DHCP{v} server is not configured'
        # Check if config does not exist
        if not config.exists(f'service dhcp{v}-server'):
            raise vyos.opmode.UnconfiguredSubsystem(unconf_message)
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
    return _wrapper


@_verify
def show_pool_statistics(raw: bool, family: ArgFamily, pool: typing.Optional[str]):
    pool_data = _get_raw_pool_statistics(family=family, pool=pool)
    if raw:
        return pool_data
    else:
        return _get_formatted_pool_statistics(pool_data, family=family)


@_verify
def show_server_leases(raw: bool, family: ArgFamily, pool: typing.Optional[str],
                       sorted: typing.Optional[str], state: typing.Optional[ArgState]):
    # if dhcp server is down, inactive leases may still be shown as active, so warn the user.
    v = '6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
    service_name = 'DHCPv6' if family == 'inet6' else 'DHCP'
    if not is_systemd_service_running(f'isc-dhcp-server{v}.service'):
        Warning(f'{service_name} server is configured but not started. Data may be stale.')

    v = 'v6' if family == 'inet6' else ''
    if pool and pool not in _get_dhcp_pools(family=family):
        raise vyos.opmode.IncorrectValue(f'DHCP{v} pool "{pool}" does not exist!')

    if state and state not in lease_valid_states:
        raise vyos.opmode.IncorrectValue(f'DHCP{v} state "{state}" is invalid!')

    sort_valid = sort_valid_inet6 if family == 'inet6' else sort_valid_inet
    if sorted and sorted not in sort_valid:
        raise vyos.opmode.IncorrectValue(f'DHCP{v} sort "{sorted}" is invalid!')

    lease_data = _get_raw_server_leases(family=family, pool=pool, sorted=sorted, state=state)
    if raw:
        return lease_data
    else:
        return _get_formatted_server_leases(lease_data, family=family)


def _get_raw_client_leases(family='inet', interface=None):
    from time import mktime
    from datetime import datetime

    lease_dir = '/var/lib/dhcp'
    lease_files = []
    lease_data = []

    if interface:
        tmp = f'{lease_dir}/dhclient_{interface}.lease'
        if os.path.exists(tmp):
            lease_files.append(tmp)
    else:
        # All DHCP leases
        lease_files = glob(f'{lease_dir}/dhclient_*.lease')

    for lease in lease_files:
        tmp = {}
        with open(lease, 'r') as f:
            for line in f.readlines():
                line = line.rstrip()
                if 'last_update' not in tmp:
                    # ISC dhcp client contains least_update timestamp in human readable
                    # format this makes less sense for an API and also the expiry
                    # timestamp is provided in UNIX time. Convert string (e.g. Sun Jul
                    # 30 18:13:44 CEST 2023) to UNIX time (1690733624)
                    tmp.update({'last_update' : int(mktime(datetime.strptime(line, time_string).timetuple()))})
                    continue

                k, v = line.split('=')
                tmp.update({k : v.replace("'", "")})

        lease_data.append(tmp)

    return lease_data

def _get_formatted_client_leases(lease_data, family):
    from time import localtime
    from time import strftime

    from vyos.validate import is_intf_addr_assigned

    data_entries = []
    for lease in lease_data:
        data_entries.append(["Interface", lease['interface']])
        if 'new_ip_address' in lease:
            tmp = '[Active]' if is_intf_addr_assigned(lease['interface'], lease['new_ip_address']) else '[Inactive]'
            data_entries.append(["IP address", lease['new_ip_address'], tmp])
        if 'new_subnet_mask' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["Subnet Mask", lease['new_subnet_mask']])
        if 'new_domain_name' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["Domain Name", lease['new_domain_name']])
        if 'new_routers' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["Router", lease['new_routers']])
        if 'new_domain_name_servers' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["Name Server", lease['new_domain_name_servers']])
        if 'new_dhcp_server_identifier' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["DHCP Server", lease['new_dhcp_server_identifier']])
        if 'new_dhcp_lease_time' in lease:
            data_entries.append(["DHCP Server", lease['new_dhcp_lease_time']])
        if 'last_update' in lease:
            tmp = strftime(time_string, localtime(int(lease['last_update'])))
            data_entries.append(["Last Update", tmp])
        if 'new_expiry' in lease:
            tmp = strftime(time_string, localtime(int(lease['new_expiry'])))
            data_entries.append(["Expiry", tmp])

        # Add empty marker
        data_entries.append([''])

    output = tabulate(data_entries, tablefmt='plain')

    return output

def show_client_leases(raw: bool, family: ArgFamily, interface: typing.Optional[str]):
    lease_data = _get_raw_client_leases(family=family, interface=interface)
    if raw:
        return lease_data
    else:
        return _get_formatted_client_leases(lease_data, family=family)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        res = vyos.opmode.run(sys.modules[__name__])
        if res:
            print(res)
    except (ValueError, vyos.opmode.Error) as e:
        print(e)
        sys.exit(1)