Adopt Black and isort (SC-700) (#1157)

Applied Black and isort, fixed any linting issues, updated tox.ini
and CI.

1 files changed, 286 insertions, 240 deletions

diff --git a/tests/unittests/test_data.py b/tests/unittests/test_data.py
index 2ee09bbb..a5018a42 100644
--- a/tests/unittests/test_data.py
+++ b/tests/unittests/test_data.py
@@ -5,37 +5,30 @@
 import gzip
 import logging
 import os
-from io import BytesIO, StringIO
-from unittest import mock
-
 from email import encoders
 from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
 from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
+from io import BytesIO, StringIO
+from unittest import mock
 
 import httpretty
 
 from cloudinit import handlers
 from cloudinit import helpers as c_helpers
-from cloudinit import log
-from cloudinit.settings import (PER_INSTANCE)
-from cloudinit import sources
-from cloudinit import stages
+from cloudinit import log, safeyaml, sources, stages
 from cloudinit import user_data as ud
-from cloudinit import safeyaml
 from cloudinit import util
-
+from cloudinit.settings import PER_INSTANCE
 from tests.unittests import helpers
 
-
 INSTANCE_ID = "i-testing"
 
 
 class FakeDataSource(sources.DataSource):
-
     def __init__(self, userdata=None, vendordata=None, vendordata2=None):
         sources.DataSource.__init__(self, {}, None, None)
-        self.metadata = {'instance-id': INSTANCE_ID}
+        self.metadata = {"instance-id": INSTANCE_ID}
         self.userdata_raw = userdata
         self.vendordata_raw = vendordata
         self.vendordata2_raw = vendordata2
@@ -52,7 +45,7 @@ def count_messages(root):
 
 def gzip_text(text):
     contents = BytesIO()
-    f = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=contents, mode='wb')
+    f = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=contents, mode="wb")
     f.write(util.encode_text(text))
     f.flush()
     f.close()
@@ -62,7 +55,6 @@ def gzip_text(text):
 # FIXME: these tests shouldn't be checking log output??
 # Weirddddd...
 class TestConsumeUserData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
-
     def setUp(self):
         super(TestConsumeUserData, self).setUp()
         self._log = None
@@ -87,13 +79,13 @@ class TestConsumeUserData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
         return log_file
 
     def test_simple_jsonp(self):
-        blob = '''
+        blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "qux" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "qux2" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
 
         ci = stages.Init()
         ci.datasource = FakeDataSource(blob)
@@ -103,20 +95,20 @@ class TestConsumeUserData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
         cc_contents = util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         cc = util.load_yaml(cc_contents)
         self.assertEqual(2, len(cc))
-        self.assertEqual('qux', cc['baz'])
-        self.assertEqual('qux2', cc['bar'])
+        self.assertEqual("qux", cc["baz"])
+        self.assertEqual("qux2", cc["bar"])
 
     def test_simple_jsonp_vendor_and_vendor2_and_user(self):
         # test that user-data wins over vendor
-        user_blob = '''
+        user_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "qux" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "qux2" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/foobar", "value": "qux3" }
 ]
-'''
-        vendor_blob = '''
+"""
+        vendor_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "quxA" },
@@ -124,61 +116,63 @@ class TestConsumeUserData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
      { "op": "add", "path": "/foo", "value": "quxC" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/corge", "value": "quxEE" }
 ]
-'''
-        vendor2_blob = '''
+"""
+        vendor2_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/corge", "value": "quxD" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/grault", "value": "quxFF" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/foobar", "value": "quxGG" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
         self.reRoot()
         initer = stages.Init()
-        initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(user_blob,
-                                           vendordata=vendor_blob,
-                                           vendordata2=vendor2_blob)
+        initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(
+            user_blob, vendordata=vendor_blob, vendordata2=vendor2_blob
+        )
         initer.read_cfg()
         initer.initialize()
         initer.fetch()
         initer.instancify()
         initer.update()
-        initer.cloudify().run('consume_data',
-                              initer.consume_data,
-                              args=[PER_INSTANCE],
-                              freq=PER_INSTANCE)
+        initer.cloudify().run(
+            "consume_data",
+            initer.consume_data,
+            args=[PER_INSTANCE],
+            freq=PER_INSTANCE,
+        )
         mods = stages.Modules(initer)
-        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section('cloud_init_modules')
+        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section("cloud_init_modules")
         cfg = mods.cfg
-        self.assertIn('vendor_data', cfg)
-        self.assertIn('vendor_data2', cfg)
+        self.assertIn("vendor_data", cfg)
+        self.assertIn("vendor_data2", cfg)
         # Confirm that vendordata2 overrides vendordata, and that
         #  userdata overrides both
-        self.assertEqual('qux', cfg['baz'])
-        self.assertEqual('qux2', cfg['bar'])
-        self.assertEqual('qux3', cfg['foobar'])
-        self.assertEqual('quxC', cfg['foo'])
-        self.assertEqual('quxD', cfg['corge'])
-        self.assertEqual('quxFF', cfg['grault'])
+        self.assertEqual("qux", cfg["baz"])
+        self.assertEqual("qux2", cfg["bar"])
+        self.assertEqual("qux3", cfg["foobar"])
+        self.assertEqual("quxC", cfg["foo"])
+        self.assertEqual("quxD", cfg["corge"])
+        self.assertEqual("quxFF", cfg["grault"])
 
     def test_simple_jsonp_no_vendor_consumed(self):
         # make sure that vendor data is not consumed
-        user_blob = '''
+        user_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "qux" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "qux2" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/vendor_data", "value": {"enabled": "false"}}
 ]
-'''
-        vendor_blob = '''
+"""
+        vendor_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "quxA" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "quxB" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/foo", "value": "quxC" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
         self.reRoot()
         initer = stages.Init()
         initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(user_blob, vendordata=vendor_blob)
@@ -187,35 +181,37 @@ class TestConsumeUserData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
         initer.fetch()
         initer.instancify()
         initer.update()
-        initer.cloudify().run('consume_data',
-                              initer.consume_data,
-                              args=[PER_INSTANCE],
-                              freq=PER_INSTANCE)
+        initer.cloudify().run(
+            "consume_data",
+            initer.consume_data,
+            args=[PER_INSTANCE],
+            freq=PER_INSTANCE,
+        )
         mods = stages.Modules(initer)
-        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section('cloud_init_modules')
+        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section("cloud_init_modules")
         cfg = mods.cfg
-        self.assertEqual('qux', cfg['baz'])
-        self.assertEqual('qux2', cfg['bar'])
-        self.assertNotIn('foo', cfg)
+        self.assertEqual("qux", cfg["baz"])
+        self.assertEqual("qux2", cfg["bar"])
+        self.assertNotIn("foo", cfg)
 
     def test_mixed_cloud_config(self):
-        blob_cc = '''
+        blob_cc = """
 #cloud-config
 a: b
 c: d
-'''
+"""
         message_cc = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config")
         message_cc.set_payload(blob_cc)
 
-        blob_jp = '''
+        blob_jp = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "replace", "path": "/a", "value": "c" },
      { "op": "remove", "path": "/c" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
 
-        message_jp = MIMEBase('text', "cloud-config-jsonp")
+        message_jp = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config-jsonp")
         message_jp.set_payload(blob_jp)
 
         message = MIMEMultipart()
@@ -230,26 +226,26 @@ c: d
         cc_contents = util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         cc = util.load_yaml(cc_contents)
         self.assertEqual(1, len(cc))
-        self.assertEqual('c', cc['a'])
+        self.assertEqual("c", cc["a"])
 
     def test_cloud_config_as_x_shell_script(self):
-        blob_cc = '''
+        blob_cc = """
 #cloud-config
 a: b
 c: d
-'''
+"""
         message_cc = MIMEBase("text", "x-shellscript")
         message_cc.set_payload(blob_cc)
 
-        blob_jp = '''
+        blob_jp = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "replace", "path": "/a", "value": "c" },
      { "op": "remove", "path": "/c" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
 
-        message_jp = MIMEBase('text', "cloud-config-jsonp")
+        message_jp = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config-jsonp")
         message_jp.set_payload(blob_jp)
 
         message = MIMEMultipart()
@@ -264,19 +260,19 @@ c: d
         cc_contents = util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         cc = util.load_yaml(cc_contents)
         self.assertEqual(1, len(cc))
-        self.assertEqual('c', cc['a'])
+        self.assertEqual("c", cc["a"])
 
     def test_vendor_user_yaml_cloud_config(self):
-        vendor_blob = '''
+        vendor_blob = """
 #cloud-config
 a: b
 name: vendor
 run:
  - x
  - y
-'''
+"""
 
-        user_blob = '''
+        user_blob = """
 #cloud-config
 a: c
 vendor_data:
@@ -285,7 +281,7 @@ vendor_data:
 name: user
 run:
  - z
-'''
+"""
         self.reRoot()
         initer = stages.Init()
         initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(user_blob, vendordata=vendor_blob)
@@ -294,114 +290,122 @@ run:
         initer.fetch()
         initer.instancify()
         initer.update()
-        initer.cloudify().run('consume_data',
-                              initer.consume_data,
-                              args=[PER_INSTANCE],
-                              freq=PER_INSTANCE)
+        initer.cloudify().run(
+            "consume_data",
+            initer.consume_data,
+            args=[PER_INSTANCE],
+            freq=PER_INSTANCE,
+        )
         mods = stages.Modules(initer)
-        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section('cloud_init_modules')
+        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section("cloud_init_modules")
         cfg = mods.cfg
-        self.assertIn('vendor_data', cfg)
-        self.assertEqual('c', cfg['a'])
-        self.assertEqual('user', cfg['name'])
-        self.assertNotIn('x', cfg['run'])
-        self.assertNotIn('y', cfg['run'])
-        self.assertIn('z', cfg['run'])
+        self.assertIn("vendor_data", cfg)
+        self.assertEqual("c", cfg["a"])
+        self.assertEqual("user", cfg["name"])
+        self.assertNotIn("x", cfg["run"])
+        self.assertNotIn("y", cfg["run"])
+        self.assertIn("z", cfg["run"])
 
     def test_vendordata_script(self):
-        vendor_blob = '''
+        vendor_blob = """
 #!/bin/bash
 echo "test"
-'''
-        vendor2_blob = '''
+"""
+        vendor2_blob = """
 #!/bin/bash
 echo "dynamic test"
-'''
+"""
 
-        user_blob = '''
+        user_blob = """
 #cloud-config
 vendor_data:
   enabled: True
   prefix: /bin/true
-'''
+"""
         new_root = self.reRoot()
         initer = stages.Init()
-        initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(user_blob,
-                                           vendordata=vendor_blob,
-                                           vendordata2=vendor2_blob)
+        initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(
+            user_blob, vendordata=vendor_blob, vendordata2=vendor2_blob
+        )
         initer.read_cfg()
         initer.initialize()
         initer.fetch()
         initer.instancify()
         initer.update()
-        initer.cloudify().run('consume_data',
-                              initer.consume_data,
-                              args=[PER_INSTANCE],
-                              freq=PER_INSTANCE)
+        initer.cloudify().run(
+            "consume_data",
+            initer.consume_data,
+            args=[PER_INSTANCE],
+            freq=PER_INSTANCE,
+        )
         mods = stages.Modules(initer)
-        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section('cloud_init_modules')
-        vendor_script = initer.paths.get_ipath_cur('vendor_scripts')
+        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section("cloud_init_modules")
+        vendor_script = initer.paths.get_ipath_cur("vendor_scripts")
         vendor_script_fns = "%s%s/part-001" % (new_root, vendor_script)
         self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(vendor_script_fns))
 
     def test_merging_cloud_config(self):
-        blob = '''
+        blob = """
 #cloud-config
 a: b
 e: f
 run:
  - b
  - c
-'''
+"""
         message1 = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config")
         message1.set_payload(blob)
 
-        blob2 = '''
+        blob2 = """
 #cloud-config
 a: e
 e: g
 run:
  - stuff
  - morestuff
-'''
+"""
         message2 = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config")
-        message2['X-Merge-Type'] = ('dict(recurse_array,'
-                                    'recurse_str)+list(append)+str(append)')
+        message2[
+            "X-Merge-Type"
+        ] = "dict(recurse_array,recurse_str)+list(append)+str(append)"
         message2.set_payload(blob2)
 
-        blob3 = '''
+        blob3 = """
 #cloud-config
 e:
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
 p: 1
-'''
+"""
         message3 = MIMEBase("text", "cloud-config")
         message3.set_payload(blob3)
 
         messages = [message1, message2, message3]
 
-        paths = c_helpers.Paths({}, ds=FakeDataSource(''))
+        paths = c_helpers.Paths({}, ds=FakeDataSource(""))
         cloud_cfg = handlers.cloud_config.CloudConfigPartHandler(paths)
 
         self.reRoot()
-        cloud_cfg.handle_part(None, handlers.CONTENT_START, None, None, None,
-                              None)
+        cloud_cfg.handle_part(
+            None, handlers.CONTENT_START, None, None, None, None
+        )
         for i, m in enumerate(messages):
             headers = dict(m)
             fn = "part-%s" % (i + 1)
             payload = m.get_payload(decode=True)
-            cloud_cfg.handle_part(None, headers['Content-Type'],
-                                  fn, payload, None, headers)
-        cloud_cfg.handle_part(None, handlers.CONTENT_END, None, None, None,
-                              None)
-        contents = util.load_file(paths.get_ipath('cloud_config'))
+            cloud_cfg.handle_part(
+                None, headers["Content-Type"], fn, payload, None, headers
+            )
+        cloud_cfg.handle_part(
+            None, handlers.CONTENT_END, None, None, None, None
+        )
+        contents = util.load_file(paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         contents = util.load_yaml(contents)
-        self.assertEqual(contents['run'], ['b', 'c', 'stuff', 'morestuff'])
-        self.assertEqual(contents['a'], 'be')
-        self.assertEqual(contents['e'], [1, 2, 3])
-        self.assertEqual(contents['p'], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(contents["run"], ["b", "c", "stuff", "morestuff"])
+        self.assertEqual(contents["a"], "be")
+        self.assertEqual(contents["e"], [1, 2, 3])
+        self.assertEqual(contents["p"], 1)
 
     def test_unhandled_type_warning(self):
         """Raw text without magic is ignored but shows warning."""
@@ -410,35 +414,37 @@ p: 1
         data = "arbitrary text\n"
         ci.datasource = FakeDataSource(data)
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertIn(
                 "Unhandled non-multipart (text/x-not-multipart) userdata:",
-                log_file.getvalue())
+                log_file.getvalue(),
+            )
 
         mockobj.assert_called_once_with(
-            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)
+            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600
+        )
 
     def test_mime_gzip_compressed(self):
         """Tests that individual message gzip encoding works."""
 
         def gzip_part(text):
-            return MIMEApplication(gzip_text(text), 'gzip')
+            return MIMEApplication(gzip_text(text), "gzip")
 
-        base_content1 = '''
+        base_content1 = """
 #cloud-config
 a: 2
-'''
+"""
 
-        base_content2 = '''
+        base_content2 = """
 #cloud-config
 b: 3
 c: 4
-'''
+"""
 
-        message = MIMEMultipart('test')
+        message = MIMEMultipart("test")
         message.attach(gzip_part(base_content1))
         message.attach(gzip_part(base_content2))
         ci = stages.Init()
@@ -450,9 +456,9 @@ c: 4
         contents = util.load_yaml(contents)
         self.assertTrue(isinstance(contents, dict))
         self.assertEqual(3, len(contents))
-        self.assertEqual(2, contents['a'])
-        self.assertEqual(3, contents['b'])
-        self.assertEqual(4, contents['c'])
+        self.assertEqual(2, contents["a"])
+        self.assertEqual(3, contents["b"])
+        self.assertEqual(4, contents["c"])
 
     def test_mime_text_plain(self):
         """Mime message of type text/plain is ignored but shows warning."""
@@ -462,15 +468,17 @@ c: 4
         message.set_payload("Just text")
         ci.datasource = FakeDataSource(message.as_string().encode())
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertIn(
                 "Unhandled unknown content-type (text/plain)",
-                log_file.getvalue())
+                log_file.getvalue(),
+            )
         mockobj.assert_called_once_with(
-            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)
+            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600
+        )
 
     def test_shellscript(self):
         """Raw text starting #!/bin/sh is treated as script."""
@@ -481,15 +489,18 @@ c: 4
 
         outpath = os.path.join(ci.paths.get_ipath_cur("scripts"), "part-001")
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertEqual("", log_file.getvalue())
 
-        mockobj.assert_has_calls([
-            mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
-            mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)])
+        mockobj.assert_has_calls(
+            [
+                mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
+                mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600),
+            ]
+        )
 
     def test_mime_text_x_shellscript(self):
         """Mime message of type text/x-shellscript is treated as script."""
@@ -502,15 +513,18 @@ c: 4
 
         outpath = os.path.join(ci.paths.get_ipath_cur("scripts"), "part-001")
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertEqual("", log_file.getvalue())
 
-        mockobj.assert_has_calls([
-            mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
-            mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)])
+        mockobj.assert_has_calls(
+            [
+                mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
+                mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600),
+            ]
+        )
 
     def test_mime_text_plain_shell(self):
         """Mime type text/plain starting #!/bin/sh is treated as script."""
@@ -523,41 +537,48 @@ c: 4
 
         outpath = os.path.join(ci.paths.get_ipath_cur("scripts"), "part-001")
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertEqual("", log_file.getvalue())
 
-        mockobj.assert_has_calls([
-            mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
-            mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)])
+        mockobj.assert_has_calls(
+            [
+                mock.call(outpath, script, 0o700),
+                mock.call(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600),
+            ]
+        )
 
     def test_mime_application_octet_stream(self):
         """Mime type application/octet-stream is ignored but shows warning."""
         self.reRoot()
         ci = stages.Init()
         message = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream")
-        message.set_payload(b'\xbf\xe6\xb2\xc3\xd3\xba\x13\xa4\xd8\xa1\xcc')
+        message.set_payload(b"\xbf\xe6\xb2\xc3\xd3\xba\x13\xa4\xd8\xa1\xcc")
         encoders.encode_base64(message)
         ci.datasource = FakeDataSource(message.as_string().encode())
 
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             log_file = self.capture_log(logging.WARNING)
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
             self.assertIn(
                 "Unhandled unknown content-type (application/octet-stream)",
-                log_file.getvalue())
+                log_file.getvalue(),
+            )
         mockobj.assert_called_once_with(
-            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600)
+            ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"), "", 0o600
+        )
 
     def test_cloud_config_archive(self):
-        non_decodable = b'\x11\xc9\xb4gTH\xee\x12'
-        data = [{'content': '#cloud-config\npassword: gocubs\n'},
-                {'content': '#cloud-config\nlocale: chicago\n'},
-                {'content': non_decodable}]
-        message = b'#cloud-config-archive\n' + safeyaml.dumps(data).encode()
+        non_decodable = b"\x11\xc9\xb4gTH\xee\x12"
+        data = [
+            {"content": "#cloud-config\npassword: gocubs\n"},
+            {"content": "#cloud-config\nlocale: chicago\n"},
+            {"content": non_decodable},
+        ]
+        message = b"#cloud-config-archive\n" + safeyaml.dumps(data).encode()
 
         self.reRoot()
         ci = stages.Init()
@@ -570,35 +591,35 @@ c: 4
 
         # consuming the user-data provided should write 'cloud_config' file
         # which will have our yaml in it.
-        with mock.patch('cloudinit.util.write_file') as mockobj:
+        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file") as mockobj:
             mockobj.side_effect = fsstore
             ci.fetch()
             ci.consume_data()
 
         cfg = util.load_yaml(fs[ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config")])
-        self.assertEqual(cfg.get('password'), 'gocubs')
-        self.assertEqual(cfg.get('locale'), 'chicago')
+        self.assertEqual(cfg.get("password"), "gocubs")
+        self.assertEqual(cfg.get("locale"), "chicago")
 
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.read_conf_with_confd')
+    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.read_conf_with_confd")
     def test_dont_allow_user_data(self, mock_cfg):
         mock_cfg.return_value = {"allow_userdata": False}
 
         # test that user-data is ignored but vendor-data is kept
-        user_blob = '''
+        user_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "qux" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "qux2" }
 ]
-'''
-        vendor_blob = '''
+"""
+        vendor_blob = """
 #cloud-config-jsonp
 [
      { "op": "add", "path": "/baz", "value": "quxA" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/bar", "value": "quxB" },
      { "op": "add", "path": "/foo", "value": "quxC" }
 ]
-'''
+"""
         self.reRoot()
         initer = stages.Init()
         initer.datasource = FakeDataSource(user_blob, vendordata=vendor_blob)
@@ -607,21 +628,22 @@ c: 4
         initer.fetch()
         initer.instancify()
         initer.update()
-        initer.cloudify().run('consume_data',
-                              initer.consume_data,
-                              args=[PER_INSTANCE],
-                              freq=PER_INSTANCE)
+        initer.cloudify().run(
+            "consume_data",
+            initer.consume_data,
+            args=[PER_INSTANCE],
+            freq=PER_INSTANCE,
+        )
         mods = stages.Modules(initer)
-        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section('cloud_init_modules')
+        (_which_ran, _failures) = mods.run_section("cloud_init_modules")
         cfg = mods.cfg
-        self.assertIn('vendor_data', cfg)
-        self.assertEqual('quxA', cfg['baz'])
-        self.assertEqual('quxB', cfg['bar'])
-        self.assertEqual('quxC', cfg['foo'])
+        self.assertIn("vendor_data", cfg)
+        self.assertEqual("quxA", cfg["baz"])
+        self.assertEqual("quxB", cfg["bar"])
+        self.assertEqual("quxC", cfg["foo"])
 
 
 class TestConsumeUserDataHttp(TestConsumeUserData, helpers.HttprettyTestCase):
-
     def setUp(self):
         TestConsumeUserData.setUp(self)
         helpers.HttprettyTestCase.setUp(self)
@@ -630,14 +652,14 @@ class TestConsumeUserDataHttp(TestConsumeUserData, helpers.HttprettyTestCase):
         TestConsumeUserData.tearDown(self)
         helpers.HttprettyTestCase.tearDown(self)
 
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep')
+    @mock.patch("cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep")
     def test_include(self, mock_sleep):
         """Test #include."""
-        included_url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        included_data = '#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n'
+        included_url = "http://hostname/path"
+        included_data = "#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n"
         httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, included_url, included_data)
 
-        blob = '#include\n%s\n' % included_url
+        blob = "#include\n%s\n" % included_url
 
         self.reRoot()
         ci = stages.Init()
@@ -646,20 +668,20 @@ class TestConsumeUserDataHttp(TestConsumeUserData, helpers.HttprettyTestCase):
         ci.consume_data()
         cc_contents = util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         cc = util.load_yaml(cc_contents)
-        self.assertTrue(cc.get('included'))
+        self.assertTrue(cc.get("included"))
 
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep')
+    @mock.patch("cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep")
     def test_include_bad_url(self, mock_sleep):
         """Test #include with a bad URL."""
-        bad_url = 'http://bad/forbidden'
-        bad_data = '#cloud-config\nbad: true\n'
+        bad_url = "http://bad/forbidden"
+        bad_data = "#cloud-config\nbad: true\n"
         httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, bad_url, bad_data, status=403)
 
-        included_url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        included_data = '#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n'
+        included_url = "http://hostname/path"
+        included_data = "#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n"
         httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, included_url, included_data)
 
-        blob = '#include\n%s\n%s' % (bad_url, included_url)
+        blob = "#include\n%s\n%s" % (bad_url, included_url)
 
         self.reRoot()
         ci = stages.Init()
@@ -667,26 +689,26 @@ class TestConsumeUserDataHttp(TestConsumeUserData, helpers.HttprettyTestCase):
         ci.fetch()
         with self.assertRaises(Exception) as context:
             ci.consume_data()
-        self.assertIn('403', str(context.exception))
+        self.assertIn("403", str(context.exception))
 
         with self.assertRaises(FileNotFoundError):
             util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
 
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep')
+    @mock.patch("cloudinit.url_helper.time.sleep")
     @mock.patch(
         "cloudinit.user_data.features.ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE", False
     )
     def test_include_bad_url_no_fail(self, mock_sleep):
         """Test #include with a bad URL and failure disabled"""
-        bad_url = 'http://bad/forbidden'
-        bad_data = '#cloud-config\nbad: true\n'
+        bad_url = "http://bad/forbidden"
+        bad_data = "#cloud-config\nbad: true\n"
         httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, bad_url, bad_data, status=403)
 
-        included_url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        included_data = '#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n'
+        included_url = "http://hostname/path"
+        included_data = "#cloud-config\nincluded: true\n"
         httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, included_url, included_data)
 
-        blob = '#include\n%s\n%s' % (bad_url, included_url)
+        blob = "#include\n%s\n%s" % (bad_url, included_url)
 
         self.reRoot()
         ci = stages.Init()
@@ -695,32 +717,33 @@ class TestConsumeUserDataHttp(TestConsumeUserData, helpers.HttprettyTestCase):
         ci.fetch()
         ci.consume_data()
 
-        self.assertIn("403 Client Error: Forbidden for url: %s" % bad_url,
-                      log_file.getvalue())
+        self.assertIn(
+            "403 Client Error: Forbidden for url: %s" % bad_url,
+            log_file.getvalue(),
+        )
 
         cc_contents = util.load_file(ci.paths.get_ipath("cloud_config"))
         cc = util.load_yaml(cc_contents)
-        self.assertIsNone(cc.get('bad'))
-        self.assertTrue(cc.get('included'))
+        self.assertIsNone(cc.get("bad"))
+        self.assertTrue(cc.get("included"))
 
 
 class TestUDProcess(helpers.ResourceUsingTestCase):
-
     def test_bytes_in_userdata(self):
-        msg = b'#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n'
+        msg = b"#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n"
         ud_proc = ud.UserDataProcessor(self.getCloudPaths())
         message = ud_proc.process(msg)
         self.assertTrue(count_messages(message) == 1)
 
     def test_string_in_userdata(self):
-        msg = '#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n'
+        msg = "#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n"
 
         ud_proc = ud.UserDataProcessor(self.getCloudPaths())
         message = ud_proc.process(msg)
         self.assertTrue(count_messages(message) == 1)
 
     def test_compressed_in_userdata(self):
-        msg = gzip_text('#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n')
+        msg = gzip_text("#cloud-config\napt_update: True\n")
 
         ud_proc = ud.UserDataProcessor(self.getCloudPaths())
         message = ud_proc.process(msg)
@@ -728,15 +751,14 @@ class TestUDProcess(helpers.ResourceUsingTestCase):
 
 
 class TestConvertString(helpers.TestCase):
-
     def test_handles_binary_non_utf8_decodable(self):
         """Printable unicode (not utf8-decodable) is safely converted."""
-        blob = b'#!/bin/bash\necho \xc3\x84\n'
+        blob = b"#!/bin/bash\necho \xc3\x84\n"
         msg = ud.convert_string(blob)
         self.assertEqual(blob, msg.get_payload(decode=True))
 
     def test_handles_binary_utf8_decodable(self):
-        blob = b'\x32\x32'
+        blob = b"\x32\x32"
         msg = ud.convert_string(blob)
         self.assertEqual(blob, msg.get_payload(decode=True))
 
@@ -756,24 +778,31 @@ class TestConvertString(helpers.TestCase):
 class TestFetchBaseConfig(helpers.TestCase):
     def test_only_builtin_gets_builtin(self):
         ret = helpers.wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.stages',
-            {'util.read_conf_with_confd': None,
-             'util.read_conf_from_cmdline': None,
-             'read_runtime_config': {'return_value': {}}},
-            stages.fetch_base_config)
+            "cloudinit.stages",
+            {
+                "util.read_conf_with_confd": None,
+                "util.read_conf_from_cmdline": None,
+                "read_runtime_config": {"return_value": {}},
+            },
+            stages.fetch_base_config,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(util.get_builtin_cfg(), ret)
 
     def test_conf_d_overrides_defaults(self):
         builtin = util.get_builtin_cfg()
         test_key = sorted(builtin)[0]
-        test_value = 'test'
+        test_value = "test"
         ret = helpers.wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.stages',
-            {'util.read_conf_with_confd':
-                {'return_value': {test_key: test_value}},
-             'util.read_conf_from_cmdline': None,
-             'read_runtime_config': {'return_value': {}}},
-            stages.fetch_base_config)
+            "cloudinit.stages",
+            {
+                "util.read_conf_with_confd": {
+                    "return_value": {test_key: test_value}
+                },
+                "util.read_conf_from_cmdline": None,
+                "read_runtime_config": {"return_value": {}},
+            },
+            stages.fetch_base_config,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(ret.get(test_key), test_value)
         builtin[test_key] = test_value
         self.assertEqual(ret, builtin)
@@ -781,47 +810,64 @@ class TestFetchBaseConfig(helpers.TestCase):
     def test_cmdline_overrides_defaults(self):
         builtin = util.get_builtin_cfg()
         test_key = sorted(builtin)[0]
-        test_value = 'test'
+        test_value = "test"
         cmdline = {test_key: test_value}
         ret = helpers.wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.stages',
-            {'util.read_conf_from_cmdline': {'return_value': cmdline},
-             'util.read_conf_with_confd': None,
-             'read_runtime_config': None},
-            stages.fetch_base_config)
+            "cloudinit.stages",
+            {
+                "util.read_conf_from_cmdline": {"return_value": cmdline},
+                "util.read_conf_with_confd": None,
+                "read_runtime_config": None,
+            },
+            stages.fetch_base_config,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(ret.get(test_key), test_value)
         builtin[test_key] = test_value
         self.assertEqual(ret, builtin)
 
     def test_cmdline_overrides_confd_runtime_and_defaults(self):
-        builtin = {'key1': 'value0', 'key3': 'other2'}
-        conf_d = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'other1'}
-        cmdline = {'key3': 'other3', 'key2': 'other2'}
-        runtime = {'key3': 'runtime3'}
+        builtin = {"key1": "value0", "key3": "other2"}
+        conf_d = {"key1": "value1", "key2": "other1"}
+        cmdline = {"key3": "other3", "key2": "other2"}
+        runtime = {"key3": "runtime3"}
         ret = helpers.wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.stages',
-            {'util.read_conf_with_confd': {'return_value': conf_d},
-             'util.get_builtin_cfg': {'return_value': builtin},
-             'read_runtime_config': {'return_value': runtime},
-             'util.read_conf_from_cmdline': {'return_value': cmdline}},
-            stages.fetch_base_config)
-        self.assertEqual(ret, {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'other2',
-                               'key3': 'other3'})
+            "cloudinit.stages",
+            {
+                "util.read_conf_with_confd": {"return_value": conf_d},
+                "util.get_builtin_cfg": {"return_value": builtin},
+                "read_runtime_config": {"return_value": runtime},
+                "util.read_conf_from_cmdline": {"return_value": cmdline},
+            },
+            stages.fetch_base_config,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ret, {"key1": "value1", "key2": "other2", "key3": "other3"}
+        )
 
     def test_order_precedence_is_builtin_system_runtime_cmdline(self):
-        builtin = {'key1': 'builtin0', 'key3': 'builtin3'}
-        conf_d = {'key1': 'confd1', 'key2': 'confd2', 'keyconfd1': 'kconfd1'}
-        runtime = {'key1': 'runtime1', 'key2': 'runtime2'}
-        cmdline = {'key1': 'cmdline1'}
+        builtin = {"key1": "builtin0", "key3": "builtin3"}
+        conf_d = {"key1": "confd1", "key2": "confd2", "keyconfd1": "kconfd1"}
+        runtime = {"key1": "runtime1", "key2": "runtime2"}
+        cmdline = {"key1": "cmdline1"}
         ret = helpers.wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.stages',
-            {'util.read_conf_with_confd': {'return_value': conf_d},
-             'util.get_builtin_cfg': {'return_value': builtin},
-             'util.read_conf_from_cmdline': {'return_value': cmdline},
-             'read_runtime_config': {'return_value': runtime},
-             },
-            stages.fetch_base_config)
-        self.assertEqual(ret, {'key1': 'cmdline1', 'key2': 'runtime2',
-                               'key3': 'builtin3', 'keyconfd1': 'kconfd1'})
+            "cloudinit.stages",
+            {
+                "util.read_conf_with_confd": {"return_value": conf_d},
+                "util.get_builtin_cfg": {"return_value": builtin},
+                "util.read_conf_from_cmdline": {"return_value": cmdline},
+                "read_runtime_config": {"return_value": runtime},
+            },
+            stages.fetch_base_config,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ret,
+            {
+                "key1": "cmdline1",
+                "key2": "runtime2",
+                "key3": "builtin3",
+                "keyconfd1": "kconfd1",
+            },
+        )
+
 
 # vi: ts=4 expandtab