path: root/cloudinit/tests/test_util.py

# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.

"""Tests for cloudinit.util"""

import base64
import logging
import json
import platform

import cloudinit.util as util

from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, mock
from textwrap import dedent

LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)

MOUNT_INFO = [
    '68 0 8:3 / / ro,relatime shared:1 - btrfs /dev/sda1 ro,attr2,inode64',
    '153 68 254:0 / /home rw,relatime shared:101 - xfs /dev/sda2 rw,attr2'
]

OS_RELEASE_SLES = dedent("""\
    NAME="SLES"
    VERSION="12-SP3"
    VERSION_ID="12.3"
    PRETTY_NAME="SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3"
    ID="sles"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:suse:sles:12:sp3"
""")

OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE = dedent("""\
    NAME="openSUSE Leap"
    VERSION="42.3"
    ID=opensuse
    ID_LIKE="suse"
    VERSION_ID="42.3"
    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Leap 42.3"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:leap:42.3"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
""")

OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_L15 = dedent("""\
    NAME="openSUSE Leap"
    VERSION="15.0"
    ID="opensuse-leap"
    ID_LIKE="suse opensuse"
    VERSION_ID="15.0"
    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Leap 15.0"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:leap:15.0"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
""")

OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_TW = dedent("""\
    NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
    ID="opensuse-tumbleweed"
    ID_LIKE="opensuse suse"
    VERSION_ID="20180920"
    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:tumbleweed:20180920"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
""")

OS_RELEASE_CENTOS = dedent("""\
    NAME="CentOS Linux"
    VERSION="7 (Core)"
    ID="centos"
    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
    VERSION_ID="7"
    PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
    HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

    CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
    CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
""")

OS_RELEASE_REDHAT_7 = dedent("""\
    NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server"
    VERSION="7.5 (Maipo)"
    ID="rhel"
    ID_LIKE="fedora"
    VARIANT="Server"
    VARIANT_ID="server"
    VERSION_ID="7.5"
    PRETTY_NAME="Red Hat"
    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.5:GA:server"
    HOME_URL="https://www.redhat.com/"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"

    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"
    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=7.5
    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7.5"
""")

REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_6 = "CentOS release 6.10 (Final)"
REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_7 = "CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)"
REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_6 = (
    "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.10 (Santiago)")
REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_7 = (
    "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.5 (Maipo)")


OS_RELEASE_DEBIAN = dedent("""\
    PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)"
    NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
    VERSION_ID="9"
    VERSION="9 (stretch)"
    ID=debian
    HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
    SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
""")

OS_RELEASE_UBUNTU = dedent("""\
    NAME="Ubuntu"\n
    # comment test
    VERSION="16.04.3 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"\n
    ID=ubuntu\n
    ID_LIKE=debian\n
    PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"\n
    VERSION_ID="16.04"\n
    HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"\n
    SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"\n
    BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"\n
    VERSION_CODENAME=xenial\n
    UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial\n
""")


class FakeCloud(object):

    def __init__(self, hostname, fqdn):
        self.hostname = hostname
        self.fqdn = fqdn
        self.calls = []

    def get_hostname(self, fqdn=None, metadata_only=None):
        myargs = {}
        if fqdn is not None:
            myargs['fqdn'] = fqdn
        if metadata_only is not None:
            myargs['metadata_only'] = metadata_only
        self.calls.append(myargs)
        if fqdn:
            return self.fqdn
        return self.hostname


class TestUtil(CiTestCase):

    def test_parse_mount_info_no_opts_no_arg(self):
        result = util.parse_mount_info('/home', MOUNT_INFO, LOG)
        self.assertEqual(('/dev/sda2', 'xfs', '/home'), result)

    def test_parse_mount_info_no_opts_arg(self):
        result = util.parse_mount_info('/home', MOUNT_INFO, LOG, False)
        self.assertEqual(('/dev/sda2', 'xfs', '/home'), result)

    def test_parse_mount_info_with_opts(self):
        result = util.parse_mount_info('/', MOUNT_INFO, LOG, True)
        self.assertEqual(
            ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'ro,relatime'),
            result
        )

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.get_mount_info')
    def test_mount_is_rw(self, m_mount_info):
        m_mount_info.return_value = ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'rw,relatime')
        is_rw = util.mount_is_read_write('/')
        self.assertEqual(is_rw, True)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.get_mount_info')
    def test_mount_is_ro(self, m_mount_info):
        m_mount_info.return_value = ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'ro,relatime')
        is_rw = util.mount_is_read_write('/')
        self.assertEqual(is_rw, False)


class TestShellify(CiTestCase):

    def test_input_dict_raises_type_error(self):
        self.assertRaisesRegex(
            TypeError, 'Input.*was.*dict.*xpected',
            util.shellify, {'mykey': 'myval'})

    def test_input_str_raises_type_error(self):
        self.assertRaisesRegex(
            TypeError, 'Input.*was.*str.*xpected', util.shellify, "foobar")

    def test_value_with_int_raises_type_error(self):
        self.assertRaisesRegex(
            TypeError, 'shellify.*int', util.shellify, ["foo", 1])

    def test_supports_strings_and_lists(self):
        self.assertEqual(
            '\n'.join(["#!/bin/sh", "echo hi mom", "'echo' 'hi dad'",
                       "'echo' 'hi' 'sis'", ""]),
            util.shellify(["echo hi mom", ["echo", "hi dad"],
                           ('echo', 'hi', 'sis')]))


class TestGetHostnameFqdn(CiTestCase):

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_only_cfg_fqdn(self):
        """When cfg only has the fqdn key, derive hostname and fqdn from it."""
        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
            cfg={'fqdn': 'myhost.domain.com'}, cloud=None)
        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_fqdn_and_hostname(self):
        """When cfg has both fqdn and hostname keys, return them."""
        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
            cfg={'fqdn': 'myhost.domain.com', 'hostname': 'other'}, cloud=None)
        self.assertEqual('other', hostname)
        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_hostname_with_domain(self):
        """When cfg has only hostname key which represents a fqdn, use that."""
        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
            cfg={'hostname': 'myhost.domain.com'}, cloud=None)
        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_hostname_without_domain(self):
        """When cfg has a hostname without a '.' query cloud.get_hostname."""
        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
            cfg={'hostname': 'myhost'}, cloud=mycloud)
        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
        self.assertEqual('cloudhost.mycloud.com', fqdn)
        self.assertEqual(
            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': False}], mycloud.calls)

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_without_fqdn_or_hostname(self):
        """When cfg has neither hostname nor fqdn cloud.get_hostname."""
        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(cfg={}, cloud=mycloud)
        self.assertEqual('cloudhost', hostname)
        self.assertEqual('cloudhost.mycloud.com', fqdn)
        self.assertEqual(
            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': False},
             {'metadata_only': False}], mycloud.calls)

    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_passes_metadata_only_to_cloud(self):
        """Calls to cloud.get_hostname pass the metadata_only parameter."""
        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
        _hn, _fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
            cfg={}, cloud=mycloud, metadata_only=True)
        self.assertEqual(
            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': True},
             {'metadata_only': True}], mycloud.calls)


class TestBlkid(CiTestCase):
    ids = {
        "id01": "1111-1111",
        "id02": "22222222-2222",
        "id03": "33333333-3333",
        "id04": "44444444-4444",
        "id05": "55555555-5555-5555-5555-555555555555",
        "id06": "66666666-6666-6666-6666-666666666666",
        "id07": "52894610484658920398",
        "id08": "86753098675309867530",
        "id09": "99999999-9999-9999-9999-999999999999",
    }

    blkid_out = dedent("""\
        /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
        /dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
        /dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
        /dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
        /dev/sda1: UUID="{id01}" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="{id02}"
        /dev/sda2: UUID="{id03}" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="{id04}"
        /dev/sda3: UUID="{id05}" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="{id06}"
        /dev/sda4: LABEL="default" UUID="{id07}" UUID_SUB="{id08}" """
                       """TYPE="zfs_member" PARTUUID="{id09}"
        /dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"
      """)

    maxDiff = None

    def _get_expected(self):
        return ({
            "/dev/loop0": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop0", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
            "/dev/loop1": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop1", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
            "/dev/loop2": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop2", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
            "/dev/loop3": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop3", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
            "/dev/loop4": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop4", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
            "/dev/sda1": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda1", "TYPE": "vfat",
                          "UUID": self.ids["id01"],
                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id02"]},
            "/dev/sda2": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda2", "TYPE": "ext4",
                          "UUID": self.ids["id03"],
                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id04"]},
            "/dev/sda3": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda3", "TYPE": "ext4",
                          "UUID": self.ids["id05"],
                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id06"]},
            "/dev/sda4": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda4", "TYPE": "zfs_member",
                          "LABEL": "default",
                          "UUID": self.ids["id07"],
                          "UUID_SUB": self.ids["id08"],
                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id09"]},
        })

    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subp")
    def test_functional_blkid(self, m_subp):
        m_subp.return_value = (
            self.blkid_out.format(**self.ids), "")
        self.assertEqual(self._get_expected(), util.blkid())
        m_subp.assert_called_with(["blkid", "-o", "full"], capture=True,
                                  decode="replace")

    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subp")
    def test_blkid_no_cache_uses_no_cache(self, m_subp):
        """blkid should turn off cache if disable_cache is true."""
        m_subp.return_value = (
            self.blkid_out.format(**self.ids), "")
        self.assertEqual(self._get_expected(),
                         util.blkid(disable_cache=True))
        m_subp.assert_called_with(["blkid", "-o", "full", "-c", "/dev/null"],
                                  capture=True, decode="replace")


@mock.patch('cloudinit.util.subp')
class TestUdevadmSettle(CiTestCase):
    def test_with_no_params(self, m_subp):
        """called with no parameters."""
        util.udevadm_settle()
        m_subp.called_once_with(mock.call(['udevadm', 'settle']))

    def test_with_exists_and_not_exists(self, m_subp):
        """with exists=file where file does not exist should invoke subp."""
        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
        m_subp.called_once_with(
            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--exit-if-exists=%s' % mydev])

    def test_with_exists_and_file_exists(self, m_subp):
        """with exists=file where file does exist should not invoke subp."""
        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
        util.write_file(mydev, "foo\n")
        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
        self.assertIsNone(m_subp.call_args)

    def test_with_timeout_int(self, m_subp):
        """timeout can be an integer."""
        timeout = 9
        util.udevadm_settle(timeout=timeout)
        m_subp.called_once_with(
            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--timeout=%s' % timeout])

    def test_with_timeout_string(self, m_subp):
        """timeout can be a string."""
        timeout = "555"
        util.udevadm_settle(timeout=timeout)
        m_subp.assert_called_once_with(
            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--timeout=%s' % timeout])

    def test_with_exists_and_timeout(self, m_subp):
        """test call with both exists and timeout."""
        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
        timeout = "3"
        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
        m_subp.called_once_with(
            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--exit-if-exists=%s' % mydev,
             '--timeout=%s' % timeout])

    def test_subp_exception_raises_to_caller(self, m_subp):
        m_subp.side_effect = util.ProcessExecutionError("BOOM")
        self.assertRaises(util.ProcessExecutionError, util.udevadm_settle)


@mock.patch('os.path.exists')
class TestGetLinuxDistro(CiTestCase):

    @classmethod
    def os_release_exists(self, path):
        """Side effect function"""
        if path == '/etc/os-release':
            return 1

    @classmethod
    def redhat_release_exists(self, path):
        """Side effect function """
        if path == '/etc/redhat-release':
            return 1

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_distro_quoted_name(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name if the os-release file has
        the distro name in quotes"""
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_SLES
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('sles', '12.3', platform.machine()), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_distro_bare_name(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name if the os-release file does not
        have the distro name in quotes"""
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_UBUNTU
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('ubuntu', '16.04', 'xenial'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_centos6(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on CentOS 6."""
        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_6
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('centos', '6.10', 'Final'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_centos7_redhat_release(self, m_os_release, m_exists):
        """Verify the correct release info on CentOS 7 without os-release."""
        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_7
        m_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('centos', '7.5.1804', 'Core'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_redhat7_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify redhat 7 read from os-release."""
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_REDHAT_7
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '7.5', 'Maipo'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_redhat7_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify redhat 7 read from redhat-release."""
        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_7
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '7.5', 'Maipo'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_redhat6_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify redhat 6 read from redhat-release."""
        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_6
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '6.10', 'Santiago'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_copr_centos(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on COPR CentOS."""
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_CENTOS
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('centos', '7', 'Core'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_debian(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on Debian."""
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_DEBIAN
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('debian', '9', 'stretch'), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_opensuse(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
           prior to openSUSE Leap 15.
        """
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('opensuse', '42.3', platform.machine()), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_opensuse_l15(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
           for openSUSE Leap 15.0 and later.
        """
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_L15
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('opensuse-leap', '15.0', platform.machine()), dist)

    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
    def test_get_linux_opensuse_tw(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
           for openSUSE Tumbleweed
        """
        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_TW
        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(
            ('opensuse-tumbleweed', '20180920', platform.machine()), dist)

    @mock.patch('platform.dist')
    def test_get_linux_distro_no_data(self, m_platform_dist, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get no information if os-release does not exist"""
        m_platform_dist.return_value = ('', '', '')
        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('', '', ''), dist)

    @mock.patch('platform.dist')
    def test_get_linux_distro_no_impl(self, m_platform_dist, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get an empty tuple when no information exists and
        Exceptions are not propagated"""
        m_platform_dist.side_effect = Exception()
        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('', '', ''), dist)

    @mock.patch('platform.dist')
    def test_get_linux_distro_plat_data(self, m_platform_dist, m_path_exists):
        """Verify we get the correct platform information"""
        m_platform_dist.return_value = ('foo', '1.1', 'aarch64')
        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
        self.assertEqual(('foo', '1.1', 'aarch64'), dist)


class TestJsonDumps(CiTestCase):
    def test_is_str(self):
        """json_dumps should return a string."""
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(util.json_dumps({'abc': '123'}), str))

    def test_utf8(self):
        smiley = '\\ud83d\\ude03'
        self.assertEqual(
            {'smiley': smiley},
            json.loads(util.json_dumps({'smiley': smiley})))

    def test_non_utf8(self):
        blob = b'\xba\x03Qx-#y\xea'
        self.assertEqual(
            {'blob': 'ci-b64:' + base64.b64encode(blob).decode('utf-8')},
            json.loads(util.json_dumps({'blob': blob})))


@mock.patch('os.path.exists')
class TestIsLXD(CiTestCase):

    def test_is_lxd_true_on_sock_device(self, m_exists):
        """When lxd's /dev/lxd/sock exists, is_lxd returns true."""
        m_exists.return_value = True
        self.assertTrue(util.is_lxd())
        m_exists.assert_called_once_with('/dev/lxd/sock')

    def test_is_lxd_false_when_sock_device_absent(self, m_exists):
        """When lxd's /dev/lxd/sock is absent, is_lxd returns false."""
        m_exists.return_value = False
        self.assertFalse(util.is_lxd())
        m_exists.assert_called_once_with('/dev/lxd/sock')

# vi: ts=4 expandtab