path: root/doc/examples/cloud-config.txt

#cloud-config
# Update apt database on first boot
# (ie run apt-get update)
#
# Default: true
# Aliases: apt_update
package_update: false

# Upgrade the instance on first boot
# (ie run apt-get upgrade)
#
# Default: false
# Aliases: apt_upgrade
package_upgrade: true

# Reboot after package install/update if necessary
# Default: false
# Aliases: apt_reboot_if_required
package_reboot_if_required: true

# For 'apt' specific config, see cloud-config-apt.txt
packages:
 - pwgen
 - pastebinit

# set up mount points
# 'mounts' contains a list of lists
#  the inner list are entries for an /etc/fstab line
#  ie : [ fs_spec, fs_file, fs_vfstype, fs_mntops, fs-freq, fs_passno ]
#
# default:
# mounts:
#  - [ ephemeral0, /mnt ]
#  - [ swap, none, swap, sw, 0, 0 ]
#
# in order to remove a previously listed mount (ie, one from defaults)
# list only the fs_spec.  For example, to override the default, of
# mounting swap:
# - [ swap ]
# or
# - [ swap, null ]
#
# - if a device does not exist at the time, an entry will still be
#   written to /etc/fstab.
# - '/dev' can be omitted for device names that begin with: xvd, sd, hd, vd
# - if an entry does not have all 6 fields, they will be filled in
#   with values from 'mount_default_fields' below.
#
# Note, that you should set 'nofail' (see man fstab) for volumes that may
# not be attached at instance boot (or reboot)
#
mounts:
 - [ ephemeral0, /mnt, auto, "defaults,noexec" ]
 - [ sdc, /opt/data ]
 - [ xvdh, /opt/data, "auto", "defaults,nofail", "0", "0" ]
 - [ dd, /dev/zero ]

# mount_default_fields
# These values are used to fill in any entries in 'mounts' that are not
# complete.  This must be an array, and must have 7 fields.
mount_default_fields: [ None, None, "auto", "defaults,nofail", "0", "2" ]

# add each entry to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys for the configured user or the
# first user defined in the user definition directive.
ssh_authorized_keys:
  - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAGEA3FSyQwBI6Z+nCSjUUk8EEAnnkhXlukKoUPND/RRClWz2s5TCzIkd3Ou5+Cyz71X0XmazM3l5WgeErvtIwQMyT1KjNoMhoJMrJnWqQPOt5Q8zWd9qG7PBl9+eiH5qV7NZ mykey@host
  - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA3I7VUf2l5gSn5uavROsc5HRDpZdQueUq5ozemNSj8T7enqKHOEaFoU2VoPgGEWC9RyzSQVeyD6s7APMcE82EtmW4skVEgEGSbDc1pvxzxtchBj78hJP6Cf5TCMFSXw+Fz5rF1dR23QDbN1mkHs7adr8GW4kSWqU7Q7NDwfIrJJtO7Hi42GyXtvEONHbiRPOe8stqUly7MvUoN+5kfjBM8Qqpfl2+FNhTYWpMfYdPUnE7u536WqzFmsaqJctz3gBxH9Ex7dFtrxR4qiqEr9Qtlu3xGn7Bw07/+i1D+ey3ONkZLN+LQ714cgj8fRS4Hj29SCmXp5Kt5/82cD/VN3NtHw== smoser@brickies

# Send pre-generated ssh private keys to the server
# If these are present, they will be written to /etc/ssh and
# new random keys will not be generated
#  in addition to 'rsa' and 'dsa' as shown below, 'ecdsa' is also supported
ssh_keys:
  rsa_private: |
    -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
    MIIBxwIBAAJhAKD0YSHy73nUgysO13XsJmd4fHiFyQ+00R7VVu2iV9Qcon2LZS/x
    1cydPZ4pQpfjEha6WxZ6o8ci/Ea/w0n+0HGPwaxlEG2Z9inNtj3pgFrYcRztfECb
    1j6HCibZbAzYtwIBIwJgO8h72WjcmvcpZ8OvHSvTwAguO2TkR6mPgHsgSaKy6GJo
    PUJnaZRWuba/HX0KGyhz19nPzLpzG5f0fYahlMJAyc13FV7K6kMBPXTRR6FxgHEg
    L0MPC7cdqAwOVNcPY6A7AjEA1bNaIjOzFN2sfZX0j7OMhQuc4zP7r80zaGc5oy6W
    p58hRAncFKEvnEq2CeL3vtuZAjEAwNBHpbNsBYTRPCHM7rZuG/iBtwp8Rxhc9I5w
    ixvzMgi+HpGLWzUIBS+P/XhekIjPAjA285rVmEP+DR255Ls65QbgYhJmTzIXQ2T9
    luLvcmFBC6l35Uc4gTgg4ALsmXLn71MCMGMpSWspEvuGInayTCL+vEjmNBT+FAdO
    W7D4zCpI43jRS9U06JVOeSc9CDk2lwiA3wIwCTB/6uc8Cq85D9YqpM10FuHjKpnP
    REPPOyrAspdeOAV+6VKRavstea7+2DZmSUgE
    -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

  rsa_public: ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAGEAoPRhIfLvedSDKw7XdewmZ3h8eIXJD7TRHtVW7aJX1ByifYtlL/HVzJ09nilCl+MSFrpbFnqjxyL8Rr/DSf7QcY/BrGUQbZn2Kc22PemAWthxHO18QJvWPocKJtlsDNi3 smoser@localhost

  dsa_private: |
    -----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----
    MIIBuwIBAAKBgQDP2HLu7pTExL89USyM0264RCyWX/CMLmukxX0Jdbm29ax8FBJT
    pLrO8TIXVY5rPAJm1dTHnpuyJhOvU9G7M8tPUABtzSJh4GVSHlwaCfycwcpLv9TX
    DgWIpSj+6EiHCyaRlB1/CBp9RiaB+10QcFbm+lapuET+/Au6vSDp9IRtlQIVAIMR
    8KucvUYbOEI+yv+5LW9u3z/BAoGBAI0q6JP+JvJmwZFaeCMMVxXUbqiSko/P1lsa
    LNNBHZ5/8MOUIm8rB2FC6ziidfueJpqTMqeQmSAlEBCwnwreUnGfRrKoJpyPNENY
    d15MG6N5J+z81sEcHFeprryZ+D3Ge9VjPq3Tf3NhKKwCDQ0240aPezbnjPeFm4mH
    bYxxcZ9GAoGAXmLIFSQgiAPu459rCKxT46tHJtM0QfnNiEnQLbFluefZ/yiI4DI3
    8UzTCOXLhUA7ybmZha+D/csj15Y9/BNFuO7unzVhikCQV9DTeXX46pG4s1o23JKC
    /QaYWNMZ7kTRv+wWow9MhGiVdML4ZN4XnifuO5krqAybngIy66PMEoQCFEIsKKWv
    99iziAH0KBMVbxy03Trz
    -----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----

  dsa_public: ssh-dss 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 smoser@localhost


# remove access to the ec2 metadata service early in boot via null route
#  the null route can be removed (by root) with:
#    route del -host 169.254.169.254 reject
# default: false (service available)
disable_ec2_metadata: true

# run commands
# default: none
# runcmd contains a list of either lists or a string
# each item will be executed in order at rc.local like level with
# output to the console
# - if the item is a list, the items will be properly executed as if
#   passed to execve(3) (with the first arg as the command).
# - if the item is a string, it will be simply written to the file and
#   will be interpreted by 'sh'
#
# Note, that the list has to be proper yaml, so you have to escape
# any characters yaml would eat (':' can be problematic)
runcmd:
 - [ ls, -l, / ]
 - [ sh, -xc, "echo $(date) ': hello world!'" ]
 - [ sh, -c, echo "=========hello world'=========" ]
 - ls -l /root
 # Note: Don't write files to /tmp from cloud-init use /run/somedir instead.
 # Early boot environments can race systemd-tmpfiles-clean LP: #1707222.
 - mkdir /run/mydir
 - [ wget, "http://slashdot.org", -O, /run/mydir/index.html ]


# boot commands
# default: none
# this is very similar to runcmd above, but commands run very early
# in the boot process, only slightly after a 'boothook' would run.
# bootcmd should really only be used for things that could not be
# done later in the boot process.  bootcmd is very much like
# boothook, but possibly with more friendly.
#  * bootcmd will run on every boot
#  * the INSTANCE_ID variable will be set to the current instance id.
#  * you can use 'cloud-init-per' command to help only run once
bootcmd:
 - echo 192.168.1.130 us.archive.ubuntu.com > /etc/hosts
 - [ cloud-init-per, once, mymkfs, mkfs, /dev/vdb ]

# cloud_config_modules:
# default:
# cloud_config_modules:
# - mounts
# - ssh
# - apt-update-upgrade
# - puppet
# - updates-check
# - disable-ec2-metadata
# - runcmd
#
# This is an array of arrays or strings.
# if item is a string, then it is read as a module name
# if the item is an array it is of the form:
#   name, frequency, arguments
# where 'frequency' is one of:
#   once-per-instance
#   always
# a python file in the CloudConfig/ module directory named 
# cc_<name>.py
# example:
cloud_config_modules:
 - mounts
 - ssh-import-id
 - ssh
 - grub-dpkg
 - [ apt-update-upgrade, always ]
 - puppet
 - updates-check
 - disable-ec2-metadata
 - runcmd
 - byobu

# unverified_modules: []
# if a config module declares a set of distros as supported then it will be
# skipped if running on a different distro.  to override this sanity check,
# provide a list of modules that should be run anyway in 'unverified_modules'.
# The default is an empty list (ie, trust modules).
#
# Example:
#   unverified_modules: ['apt-update-upgrade']
#   default: []

# ssh_import_id: [ user1, user2 ]
# ssh_import_id will feed the list in that variable to
# ssh-import-id, so that public keys stored in launchpad
# can easily be imported into the configured user
# This can be a single string ('smoser') or a list ([smoser, kirkland])
ssh_import_id: [smoser]

# Provide debconf answers / debian preseed values
#
# See debconf-set-selections man page.
#
# Default: none
#
debconf_selections:
  # Force debconf priority to critical.
  set1: debconf debconf/priority select critical

  # Override default frontend to readline, but allow user to select.
  set2: |
    debconf debconf/frontend select readline
    debconf debconf/frontend seen false

# manage byobu defaults
# byobu_by_default:
#   'user' or 'enable-user': set byobu 'launch-by-default' for the default user
#   'system' or 'enable-system' or 'enable':
#      enable 'launch-by-default' for all users, do not modify default user
#   'disable': disable both default user and system
#   'disable-system': disable system
#   'disable-user': disable for default user
#   not-set: no changes made
byobu_by_default: system

# disable ssh access as root.
# if you want to be able to ssh in to the system as the root user
# rather than as the 'ubuntu' user, then you must set this to false
# default: true
disable_root: false

# disable_root_opts: the value of this variable will prefix the
# respective key in /root/.ssh/authorized_keys if disable_root is true
# see 'man authorized_keys' for more information on what you can do here
#
# The string '$USER' will be replaced with the username of the default user.
# The string '$DISABLE_USER' will be replaced with the username to disable.
#
# disable_root_opts: no-port-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,command="echo 'Please login as the user \"$USER\" rather than the user \"$DISABLE_USER\".';echo;sleep 10;exit 142"

# disable ssh access for non-root-users
# To disable ssh access for non-root users, ssh_redirect_user: true can be
# provided for any use in the 'users' list. This will prompt any ssh login
# attempts as that user with a message like that in disable_root_opts which
# redirects the person to login as <default_username>
# This option can not be combined with either ssh_authorized_keys or
# ssh_import_id.
users:
 - default
 - name: blockeduser
   ssh_redirect_user: true


# set the locale to a given locale
# default: en_US.UTF-8
locale: en_US.UTF-8
# render template default-locale.tmpl to locale_configfile
locale_configfile: /etc/default/locale

# add entries to rsyslog configuration
# The first occurrence of a given filename will truncate. 
# subsequent entries will append.
# if value is a scalar, its content is assumed to be 'content', and the
# default filename is used.
# if filename is not provided, it will default to 'rsylog_filename'
# if filename does not start with a '/', it will be put in 'rsyslog_dir'
# rsyslog_dir default: /etc/rsyslog.d
# rsyslog_filename default: 20-cloud-config.conf
rsyslog:
 - ':syslogtag, isequal, "[CLOUDINIT]" /var/log/cloud-foo.log'
 - content: "*.*   @@192.0.2.1:10514"
 - filename: 01-examplecom.conf
   content: "*.*   @@syslogd.example.com"

# resize_rootfs should the / filesystem be resized on first boot
# this allows you to launch an instance with a larger disk / partition
# and have the instance automatically grow / to accomoddate it
# set to 'False' to disable
# by default, the resizefs is done early in boot, and blocks
# if resize_rootfs is set to 'noblock', then it will be run in parallel
resize_rootfs: True

## hostname and /etc/hosts management
# cloud-init can handle updating some entries in /etc/hosts,
# and can set your hostname for you.
#
# if you do nothing you'll end up with:
#  * /etc/hostname (and `hostname`) managed via: 'preserve_hostame: false'
#    if you do not change /etc/hostname, it will be updated with the cloud
#    provided hostname on each boot.  If you make a change, then manual
#    maintenance takes over, and cloud-init will not modify it.
#
#  * /etc/hosts managed via: 'manage_etc_hosts: false'
#    cloud-init will not manage /etc/hosts at all.  It is in full manual
#    maintenance mode.
#
# You can change the above behavior with the following config variables:
#  Remember that these can be set in cloud-config via user-data,
#  /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg or any file in /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/
#
# == Hostname management (via /etc/hostname) ==
#  * preserve_hostname:
#      default: False
#      If this option is set to True, then /etc/hostname will never updated
#      The default behavior is to update it if it has not been modified by
#      the user.
#
#  * hostname:
#      this option will be used wherever the 'hostname' is needed
#      simply substitute it in the description above.
#      ** If you wish to set your hostname, set it here **
#      default: 'hostname' as returned by the metadata service
#               on EC2, the hostname portion of 'local-hostname' is used
#               which is something like 'ip-10-244-170-199'
#
#  * fqdn:
#      this option will be used wherever 'fqdn' is needed.
#      simply substitue it in the description above.
#      default: fqdn as returned by the metadata service.  on EC2 'hostname'
#               is used, so this is like: ip-10-244-170-199.ec2.internal
#
# == /etc/hosts management ==
#
# The cloud-config variable that covers management of /etc/hosts is 
# 'manage_etc_hosts'
#
# By default, its value is 'false' (boolean False)
#
#  * manage_etc_hosts:
#      default: false
#
#    false:
#      cloud-init will not modify /etc/hosts at all.  
#      * Whatever is present at instance boot time will be present after boot.
#      * User changes will not be overwritten
#
#    true or 'template':
#      on every boot, /etc/hosts will be re-written from 
#      /etc/cloud/templates/hosts.tmpl.
#      The strings '$hostname' and '$fqdn' are replaced in the template
#      with the appropriate values.
#      To make modifications persistent across a reboot, you must make 
#      modificatoins to /etc/cloud/templates/hosts.tmpl
#
#    localhost:
#      This option ensures that an entry is present for fqdn as described in
#      section 5.1.2 of the debian manual 
#      http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05.en.html
#
#      cloud-init will generally own the 127.0.1.1 entry, and will update 
#      it to the hostname and fqdn on every boot.  All other entries will
#      be left as is.  'ping `hostname`' will ping 127.0.1.1
#
#      If you want a fqdn entry with aliases other than 'hostname' to resolve
#      to a localhost interface, you'll need to use something other than 
#      127.0.1.1.  For example:
#        127.0.1.2 myhost.fqdn.example.com myhost whatup.example.com

# final_message
# default: cloud-init boot finished at $TIMESTAMP. Up $UPTIME seconds
# this message is written by cloud-final when the system is finished
# its first boot.
# This message is rendered as if it were a template.  If you
# want jinja, you have to start the line with '## template:jinja\n'
final_message: "The system is finally up, after $UPTIME seconds"

# configure where output will go
# 'output' entry is a dict with 'init', 'config', 'final' or 'all'
# entries.  Each one defines where 
#  cloud-init, cloud-config, cloud-config-final or all output will go
# each entry in the dict can be a string, list or dict.
#  if it is a string, it refers to stdout and stderr
#  if it is a list, entry 0 is stdout, entry 1 is stderr
#  if it is a dict, it is expected to have 'output' and 'error' fields
# default is to write to console only
# the special entry "&1" for an error means "same location as stdout"
#  (Note, that '&1' has meaning in yaml, so it must be quoted)
output:
  init: "> /var/log/my-cloud-init.log"
  config: [ ">> /tmp/foo.out", "> /tmp/foo.err" ]
  final:
    output: "| tee /tmp/final.stdout | tee /tmp/bar.stdout"
    error: "&1"


# phone_home: if this dictionary is present, then the phone_home
# cloud-config module will post specified data back to the given
# url
# default: none
# phone_home:
#  url: http://my.foo.bar/$INSTANCE/
#  post: all
#  tries: 10
#
phone_home:
  url: http://my.example.com/$INSTANCE_ID/
  post: [ pub_key_dsa, pub_key_rsa, pub_key_ecdsa, instance_id ]

# timezone: set the timezone for this instance
# the value of 'timezone' must exist in /usr/share/zoneinfo
timezone: US/Eastern

# def_log_file and syslog_fix_perms work together
# if 
# - logging is set to go to a log file 'L' both with and without syslog
# - and 'L' does not exist
# - and syslog is configured to write to 'L'
# then 'L' will be initially created with root:root ownership (during
# cloud-init), and then at cloud-config time (when syslog is available)
# the syslog daemon will be unable to write to the file.
#
# to remedy this situation, 'def_log_file' can be set to a filename
# and syslog_fix_perms to a string containing "<user>:<group>"
# if syslog_fix_perms is a list, it will iterate through and use the
# first pair that does not raise error.
#
# the default values are '/var/log/cloud-init.log' and 'syslog:adm'
# the value of 'def_log_file' should match what is configured in logging
# if either is empty, then no change of ownership will be done
def_log_file: /var/log/my-logging-file.log
syslog_fix_perms: syslog:root

# you can set passwords for a user or multiple users
# this is off by default.
# to set the default user's password, use the 'password' option.
# if set, to 'R' or 'RANDOM', then a random password will be
# generated and written to stdout (the console)
# password: passw0rd
#
# also note, that this will expire the password, forcing a change
# on first login. If you do not want to expire, see 'chpasswd' below.
#
# By default in the UEC images password authentication is disabled
# Thus, simply setting 'password' as above will only allow you to login
# via the console.
#
# in order to enable password login via ssh you must set
# 'ssh_pwauth'.
# If it is set, to 'True' or 'False', then sshd_config will be updated
# to ensure the desired function.  If not set, or set to '' or 'unchanged'
# then sshd_config will not be updated.
# ssh_pwauth: True
#
# there is also an option to set multiple users passwords, using 'chpasswd'
# That looks like the following, with 'expire' set to 'True' by default.
# to not expire users passwords, set 'expire' to 'False'. Also possible
# to set hashed password, here account 'user3' has a password it set to
# 'cloud-init', hashed with SHA-256:
# chpasswd:
#   list: |
#     user1:password1
#     user2:RANDOM
#     user3:$5$eriogqzq$Dg7PxHsKGzziuEGkZgkLvacjuEFeljJ.rLf.hZqKQLA
#   expire: True
# ssh_pwauth: [ True, False, "" or "unchanged" ]
#
# Hashed passwords can be generated in multiple ways, example with python3:
# python3 -c 'import crypt,getpass; print(crypt.crypt(getpass.getpass(), crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512)))'
# Newer versions of 'mkpasswd' will also work: mkpasswd -m sha-512 password
#
# So, a simple working example to allow login via ssh, and not expire
# for the default user would look like:
password: passw0rd
chpasswd: { expire: False }
ssh_pwauth: True

# manual cache clean.
#  By default, the link from /var/lib/cloud/instance to
#  the specific instance in /var/lib/cloud/instances/ is removed on every
#  boot.  The cloud-init code then searches for a DataSource on every boot
#  if your DataSource will not be present on every boot, then you can set
#  this option to 'True', and maintain (remove) that link before the image
#  will be booted as a new instance.
# default is False
manual_cache_clean: False

# When cloud-init is finished running including having run 
# cloud_init_modules, then it will run this command.  The default
# is to emit an upstart signal as shown below.  If the value is a
# list, it will be passed to Popen.  If it is a string, it will be
# invoked through 'sh -c'.
# 
# default value:
# cc_ready_cmd: [ initctl, emit, cloud-config, CLOUD_CFG=/var/lib/instance//cloud-config.txt ]
# example:
# cc_ready_cmd: [ sh, -c, 'echo HI MOM > /tmp/file' ]

## configure interaction with ssh server
# ssh_svcname: ssh
#    set the name of the option to 'service restart'
#    in order to restart the ssh daemon. For fedora, use 'sshd'
#    default: ssh
# ssh_deletekeys: True
#    boolean indicating if existing ssh keys should be deleted on a
#    per-instance basis.  On a public image, this should absolutely be set
#    to 'True'
# ssh_genkeytypes: ['rsa', 'dsa', 'ecdsa']
#    a list of the ssh key types that should be generated
#    These are passed to 'ssh-keygen -t'

## configuration of ssh keys output to console
# ssh_fp_console_blacklist: []
# ssh_key_console_blacklist: [ssh-dss]
#   A list of key types (first token of a /etc/ssh/ssh_key_*.pub file)
#   that should be skipped when outputting key fingerprints and keys
#   to the console respectively.

## poweroff or reboot system after finished
# default: none
#
# power_state can be used to make the system shutdown, reboot or
# halt after boot is finished.  This same thing can be achieved by
# user-data scripts or by runcmd by simply invoking 'shutdown'.
#
# Doing it this way ensures that cloud-init is entirely finished with
# modules that would be executed, and avoids any error/log messages
# that may go to the console as a result of system services like
# syslog being taken down while cloud-init is running.
#
# delay: form accepted by shutdown.  default is 'now'. other format
#        accepted is '+m' (m in minutes)
# mode: required. must be one of 'poweroff', 'halt', 'reboot'
# message: provided as the message argument to 'shutdown'. default is none.
power_state:
  delay: '+30'
  mode: poweroff
  message: Bye Bye