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authorrebortg <github@ghlr.de>2020-11-30 21:15:16 +0100
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-.. _flow-accounting:
-
-###############
-Flow Accounting
-###############
-
-VyOS supports flow-accounting for both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic. The system acts
-as a flow exporter, and you are free to use it with any compatible collector.
-
-Flows can be exported via two different protocols: NetFlow (versions 5, 9 and
-10/IPFIX) and sFlow. Additionally, you may save flows to an in-memory table
-internally in a router.
-
-.. warning:: You need to disable the in-memory table in production environments!
- Using :abbr:`IMT (In-Memory Table)` may lead to heavy CPU overloading and
- unstable flow-accounting behavior.
-
-
-NetFlow / IPFIX
-===============
-NetFlow is a feature that was introduced on Cisco routers around 1996 that
-provides the ability to collect IP network traffic as it enters or exits an
-interface. By analyzing the data provided by NetFlow, a network administrator
-can determine things such as the source and destination of traffic, class of
-service, and the causes of congestion. A typical flow monitoring setup (using
-NetFlow) consists of three main components:
-
-* **exporter**: aggregates packets into flows and exports flow records towards
- one or more flow collectors
-* **collector**: responsible for reception, storage and pre-processing of flow
- data received from a flow exporter
-* **application**: analyzes received flow data in the context of intrusion
- detection or traffic profiling, for example
-
-For connectionless protocols as like ICMP and UDP, a flow is considered
-complete once no more packets for this flow appear after configurable timeout.
-
-NetFlow is usually enabled on a per-interface basis to limit load on the router
-components involved in NetFlow, or to limit the amount of NetFlow records
-exported.
-
-Configuration
-=============
-
-In order for flow accounting information to be collected and displayed for an
-interface, the interface must be configured for flow accounting.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting interface <interface>
-
- Configure and enable collection of flow information for the interface
- identified by `<interface>`.
-
- You can configure multiple interfaces which whould participate in flow
- accounting.
-
-.. note:: Will be recorded only packets/flows on **incoming** direction in
- configured interfaces.
-
-
-By default, recorded flows will be saved internally and can be listed with the
-CLI command. You may disable using the local in-memory table with the command:
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting disable-imt
-
- Internally, in flow-accounting processes exist a buffer for data exchanging
- between core process and plugins (each export target is a separated plugin).
- If you have high traffic levels or noted some problems with missed records
- or stopping exporting, you may try to increase a default buffer size (10
- MiB) with the next command:
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting buffer-size <buffer size>
-
- In case, if you need to catch some logs from flow-accounting daemon, you may
- configure logging facility:
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting syslog-facility <facility>
-
- TBD
-
-Flow Export
------------
-
-In addition to displaying flow accounting information locally, one can also
-exported them to a collection server.
-
-NetFlow
-^^^^^^^
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow version <version>
-
- There are multiple versions available for the NetFlow data. The `<version>`
- used in the exported flow data can be configured here. The following
- versions are supported:
-
- * **5** - Most common version, but restricted to IPv4 flows only
- * **9** - NetFlow version 9 (default)
- * **10** - :abbr:`IPFIX (IP Flow Information Export)` as per :rfc:`3917`
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow server <address>
-
- Configure address of NetFlow collector. NetFlow server at `<address>` can
- be both listening on an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow source-ip <address>
-
- IPv4 or IPv6 source address of NetFlow packets
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow engine-id <id>
-
- NetFlow engine-id which will appear in NetFlow data. The range is 0 to 255.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow sampling-rate <rate>
-
- Use this command to configure the sampling rate for flow accounting. The
- system samples one in every `<rate>` packets, where `<rate>` is the value
- configured for the sampling-rate option. The advantage of sampling every n
- packets, where n > 1, allows you to decrease the amount of processing
- resources required for flow accounting. The disadvantage of not sampling
- every packet is that the statistics produced are estimates of actual data
- flows.
-
- Per default every packet is sampled (that is, the sampling rate is 1).
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow timeout expiry-interval <interval>
-
- Specifies the interval at which Netflow data will be sent to a collector. As
- per default, Netflow data will be sent every 60 seconds.
-
- You may also additionally configure timeouts for different types of
- connections.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting netflow max-flows <n>
-
- If you want to change the maximum number of flows, which are tracking
- simultaneously, you may do this with this command (default 8192).
-
-sFlow
-^^^^^
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting sflow server <address>
-
- Configure address of sFlow collector. sFlow server at `<address>` can
- be an IPv4 or IPv6 address. But you cannot export to both IPv4 and
- IPv6 collectors at the same time!
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting sflow sampling-rate <rate>
-
- Enable sampling of packets, which will be transmitted to sFlow collectors.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set system flow-accounting sflow agent-address <address>
-
- Configure a sFlow agent address. It can be IPv4 or IPv6 address, but you
- must set the same protocol, which is used for sFlow collector addresses. By
- default, using router-id from BGP or OSPF protocol, or the primary IP
- address from the first interface.
-
-Example:
---------
-
-NetFlow v5 example:
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set system flow-accounting netflow engine-id 100
- set system flow-accounting netflow version 5
- set system flow-accounting netflow server 192.168.2.10 port 2055
-
-Operation
-=========
-
-Once flow accounting is configured on an interfaces it provides the ability to
-display captured network traffic information for all configured interfaces.
-
-.. opcmd:: show flow-accounting interface <interface>
-
- Show flow accounting information for given `<interface>`.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show flow-accounting interface eth0
- IN_IFACE SRC_MAC DST_MAC SRC_IP DST_IP SRC_PORT DST_PORT PROTOCOL TOS PACKETS FLOWS BYTES
- ---------- ----------------- ----------------- ------------------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----- --------- ------- -------
- eth0 00:53:01:a8:28:ac ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 192.0.2.2 255.255.255.255 5678 5678 udp 0 1 1 178
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:2f:34 33:33:ff:00:00:00 fe80::253:01ff:feb2:2f34 ff02::1:ff00:0 0 0 ipv6-icmp 0 2 1 144
- eth0 00:53:01:1a:b4:53 33:33:ff:00:00:00 fe80::253:01ff:fe1a:b453 ff02::1:ff00:0 0 0 ipv6-icmp 0 1 1 72
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 40152 22 tcp 16 39 1 2064
- eth0 00:53:01:c8:33:af ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 192.0.2.3 255.255.255.255 5678 5678 udp 0 1 1 154
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 40006 22 tcp 16 146 1 9444
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 0 0 icmp 192 27 1 4455
-
-.. opcmd:: show flow-accounting interface <interface> host <address>
-
- Show flow accounting information for given `<interface>` for a specific host
- only.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show flow-accounting interface eth0 host 192.0.2.14
- IN_IFACE SRC_MAC DST_MAC SRC_IP DST_IP SRC_PORT DST_PORT PROTOCOL TOS PACKETS FLOWS BYTES
- ---------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----- --------- ------- -------
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 40006 22 tcp 16 197 2 12940
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 40152 22 tcp 16 94 1 4924
- eth0 00:53:01:b2:22:48 00:53:02:58:a2:92 192.0.2.100 192.0.2.14 0 0 icmp 192 36 1 5877