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authorLeonid Voronkin <bullet85@yandex.ru>2021-01-08 21:39:29 +0400
committerGitHub <noreply@github.com>2021-01-08 18:39:29 +0100
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parent455aedc8440c9270e2c0a449ac9ea01afeddf388 (diff)
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ospf: update routing protocol command definitions
Diffstat (limited to 'docs')
-rw-r--r--docs/configuration/protocols/ospf.rst259
1 files changed, 253 insertions, 6 deletions
diff --git a/docs/configuration/protocols/ospf.rst b/docs/configuration/protocols/ospf.rst
index acb1bce8..77ed4a37 100644
--- a/docs/configuration/protocols/ospf.rst
+++ b/docs/configuration/protocols/ospf.rst
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ OSPF is a widely used IGP in large enterprise networks.
OSPFv2 (IPv4)
#############
+General configuration
+---------------------
+
.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number>
This command is udes to enable the OSPF process. The area number can be
@@ -49,11 +52,6 @@ OSPFv2 (IPv4)
:cfgcmd:`route-map` specifies to advertise the default route if the route map
is satisfied.
-.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf default-metric <number>
-
- This command specifies the default metric value of redistributed routes.
- The metric range is 0 to 16777214.
-
.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf distance global <distance>
This command change distance value of OSPF. The distance range is 1 to 255.
@@ -70,10 +68,27 @@ OSPFv2 (IPv4)
.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf parameters router-id <rid>
This command sets the router-ID of the OSPF process. The router-ID may be an
- IP address of the router, but need not be - it can be any arbitrary 32bit number.
+ IP address of the router, but need not be – it can be any arbitrary 32bit number.
However it MUST be unique within the entire OSPF domain to the OSPF speaker – bad
things will happen if multiple OSPF speakers are configured with the same router-ID!
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf parameters abr-type <cisco|ibm|shortcut|standard>
+
+ This command selects ABR model. OSPF router supports four ABR models:
+
+ "cisco" – a router will be considered as ABR if it has several configured links to
+ the networks in different areas one of which is a backbone area. Moreover, the link
+ to the backbone area should be active (working).
+ "ibm" – identical to "cisco" model but in this case a backbone area link may not be active.
+ "standard" – router has several active links to different areas.
+ "shortcut" – identical to "standard" but in this model a router is allowed to use a
+ connected areas topology without involving a backbone area for inter-area connections.
+
+ Detailed information about "cisco" and "ibm" models differences can be found in :rfc:`3509`.
+ A "shortcut" model allows ABR to create routes between areas based on the topology of the
+ areas connected to this router but not using a backbone area in case if non-backbone route
+ will be cheaper. For more information about "shortcut" model, see :t:`ospf-shortcut-abr-02.txt`
+
.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf parameters rfc1583-compatibility
:rfc:`2328`, the successor to :rfc:`1583`, suggests according to section G.2 (changes)
@@ -101,6 +116,238 @@ OSPFv2 (IPv4)
This command allows exclude interface from passive state. This command is used if the
command :cfgcmd:`passive-interface default` was configured.
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf refresh timers <seconds>
+
+ The router automatically updates link-state information with its neighbors. Only an obsolete
+ information is updated which age has exceeded a specific threshold. This parameter changes
+ a threshold value, which by default is 1800 seconds (half an hour). The value is applied
+ to the whole OSPF router. The timer range is 10 to 1800.
+
+
+Areas configuration
+-------------------
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type stub
+
+ This command specifies the area to be a Stub Area. That is, an area where no router
+ originates routes external to OSPF and hence an area where all external routes are
+ via the ABR(s). Hence, ABRs for such an area do not need to pass AS-External LSAs
+ (type-5) or ASBR-Summary LSAs (type-4) into the area. They need only pass
+ Network-Summary (type-3) LSAs into such an area, along with a default-route summary.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type stub no-summary
+
+ This command specifies the area to be a Totally Stub Area. In addition to stub area
+ limitations this area type prevents an ABR from injecting Network-Summary (type-3)
+ LSAs into the specified stub area. Only default summary route is allowed.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type stub default-cost <number>
+
+ This command sets the cost of default-summary LSAs announced to stubby areas.
+ The cost range is 0 to 16777215.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type nssa
+
+ This command specifies the area to be a Not So Stubby Area. External routing information
+ is imported into an NSSA in Type-7 LSAs. Type-7 LSAs are similar to Type-5 AS-external
+ LSAs, except that they can only be flooded into the NSSA. In order to further propagate
+ the NSSA external information, the Type-7 LSA must be translated to a Type-5
+ AS-external-LSA by the NSSA ABR.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type nssa no-summary
+
+ This command specifies the area to be a NSSA Totally Stub Area. ABRs for such an area do
+ not need to pass Network-Summary (type-3) LSAs (except the default summary route),
+ ASBR-Summary LSAs (type-4) and AS-External LSAs (type-5) into the area. But Type-7 LSAs
+ that convert to Type-5 at the NSSA ABR are allowed.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type nssa default-cost <number>
+
+ This command sets the default cost of LSAs announced to NSSA areas.
+ The cost range is 0 to 16777215.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> area-type nssa translate <always|candidate|never>
+
+ Specifies whether this NSSA border router will unconditionally translate Type-7 LSAs into
+ Type-5 LSAs. When role is Always, Type-7 LSAs are translated into Type-5 LSAs regardless
+ of the translator state of other NSSA border routers. When role is Candidate, this router
+ participates in the translator election to determine if it will perform the translations
+ duties. When role is Never, this router will never translate Type-7 LSAs into Type-5 LSAs.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> authentication plaintext-password
+
+ This command specifies that simple password authentication should be used for the given
+ area. The password must also be configured on a per-interface basis.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> authentication md5
+
+ This command specify that OSPF packets must be authenticated with MD5 HMACs within the
+ given area. Keying material must also be configured on a per-interface basis.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> shortcut <default|disable|enable>
+
+ This parameter allows to "shortcut" routes (non-backbone) for inter-area routes. There
+ are three modes available for routes shortcutting:
+
+ "default" – this area will be used for shortcutting only if ABR does not have a link
+ to the backbone area or this link was lost.
+ "enable" – the area will be used for shortcutting every time the route that goes through
+ it is cheaper.
+ "disable" – this area is never used by ABR for routes shortcutting.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf area <number> virtual-link <A.B.C.D>
+
+ Provides a backbone area coherence by virtual link establishment.
+
+ In general, OSPF protocol requires a backbone area (area 0) to be coherent and fully
+ connected. I.e. any backbone area router must have a route to any other backbone area
+ router. Moreover, every ABR must have a link to backbone area. However, it is not always
+ possible to have a physical link to a backbone area. In this case between two ABR (one
+ of them has a link to the backbone area) in the area (not stub area) a virtual link is organized.
+
+ <number> – area identifier through which a virtual link goes.
+ <A.B.C.D> – ABR router-id with which a virtual link is established. Virtual link must be
+ configured on both routers.
+
+ Formally, a virtual link looks like a point-to-point network connecting two ABR from one
+ area one of which physically connected to a backbone area. This pseudo-network is considered
+ to belong to a backbone area.
+
+
+Interfaces configuration
+------------------------
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf authentication plaintext-password <text>
+
+ This command sets OSPF authentication key to a simple password. After setting, all OSPF
+ packets are authenticated. Key has length up to 8 chars.
+
+ Simple text password authentication is insecure and deprecated in favour of MD5 HMAC
+ authentication.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf authentication md5 key-id <id> md5-key <text>
+
+ This command specifys that MD5 HMAC authentication must be used on this interface. It sets
+ OSPF authentication key to a cryptographic password. Key-id identifies secret key used to
+ create the message digest. This ID is part of the protocol and must be consistent across
+ routers on a link. The key can be long up to 16 chars (larger strings will be truncated),
+ and is associated with the given key-id.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf bandwidth <number>
+
+ This command sets the interface bandwidth for cost calculations, where
+ bandwidth can be in range from 1 to 100000, specified in Mbits/s.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf cost <number>
+
+ This command sets link cost for the specified interface. The cost value is set to
+ router-LSA’s metric field and used for SPF calculation. The cost range is 1 to 65535.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf dead-interval <number>
+
+ Set number of seconds for router Dead Interval timer value used for Wait Timer and
+ Inactivity Timer. This value must be the same for all routers attached to a common
+ network. The default value is 40 seconds. The interval range is 1 to 65535.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf hello-interval <number>
+
+ Set number of seconds for Hello Interval timer value. Setting this value, Hello
+ packet will be sent every timer value seconds on the specified interface. This
+ value must be the same for all routers attached to a common network. The default
+ value is 10 seconds. The interval range is 1 to 65535.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf mtu-ignore
+
+ This command disables check of the MTU value in the OSPF DBD packets. Thus, use
+ of this command allows the OSPF adjacency to reach the FULL state even though
+ there is an interface MTU mismatch between two OSPF routers.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf network <type>
+
+ This command allows to specify the distribution type for the network connected
+ to this interface:
+
+ "broadcast" – broadcast IP addresses distribution.
+ "non-broadcast" – address distribution in NBMA networks topology.
+ "point-to-multipoint" – address distribution in point-to-multipoint networks.
+ "point-to-point" – address distribution in point-to-point networks.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf priority <number>
+
+ This command sets Router Priority integer value. The router with the highest
+ priority will be more eligible to become Designated Router. Setting the value
+ to 0, makes the router ineligible to become Designated Router. The default value
+ is 1. The interval range is 0 to 255.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf retransmit-interval <number>
+
+ This command sets number of seconds for RxmtInterval timer value. This value is used
+ when retransmitting Database Description and Link State Request packets if acknowledge
+ was not received. The default value is 5 seconds. The interval range is 3 to 65535.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces <inttype> <intname> ip ospf transmit-delay <number>
+
+ This command sets number of seconds for InfTransDelay value. It allows to set and adjust
+ for each interface the delay interval before starting the synchronizing process of the
+ router's database with all neighbors. The default value is 1 seconds. The interval range
+ is 3 to 65535.
+
+
+Redistribution configuration
+----------------------------
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute bgp
+
+ Redistribute BGP routes to OSPF process.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute connected
+
+ Redistribute connected routes to OSPF process.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute kernel
+
+ Redistribute kernel routes to OSPF process.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute rip
+
+ Redistribute RIP routes to OSPF process.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute static
+
+ Redistribute static routes to OSPF process.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf default-metric <number>
+
+ This command specifies the default metric value of redistributed routes.
+ The metric range is 0 to 16777214.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute <route source> metric <number>
+
+ This command specifies metric for redistributed routes from given route source. There
+ are five modes available for route source: bgp, connected, kernel, rip, static. The
+ metric range is 1 to 16.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute <route source> metric-type <1|2>
+
+ This command specifies metric type for redistributed routes. Difference between two metric
+ types that metric type 1 is a metric which is "commensurable" with inner OSPF links. When
+ calculating a metric to the external destination, the full path metric is calculated as a
+ metric sum path of a router which had advertised this link plus the link metric. Thus, a
+ route with the least summary metric will be selected. If external link is advertised with
+ metric type 2 the path is selected which lies through the router which advertised this link
+ with the least metric despite of the fact that internal path to this router is longer (with
+ more cost). However, if two routers advertised an external link and with metric type 2 the
+ preference is given to the path which lies through the router with a shorter internal path.
+ If two different routers advertised two links to the same external destimation but with
+ different metric type, metric type 1 is preferred. If type of a metric left undefined the
+ router will consider these external links to have a default metric type 2.
+
+.. cfgcmd:: set protocols ospf redistribute <route source> route-map <name>
+
+ This command allows to use route map to filter redistributed routes from given route source.
+ There are five modes available for route source: bgp, connected, kernel, rip, static.
+
+
Configuration example
---------------------