[svn-upgrade] new version strongswan (4.5.0)

35 files changed, 13263 insertions, 18 deletions

diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.am
index 71401648e..fe0c39ebd 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.am
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 
-INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra \
-	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libcharon
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 
 AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
 
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.in
index 71402fc7f..72182e57f 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.in
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr/Makefile.in
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
 am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
 	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
@@ -164,6 +165,8 @@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
 PATH_SEPARATOR = @PATH_SEPARATOR@
 PERL = @PERL@
 PKG_CONFIG = @PKG_CONFIG@
+PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR = @PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR@
+PKG_CONFIG_PATH = @PKG_CONFIG_PATH@
 PTHREADLIB = @PTHREADLIB@
 RANLIB = @RANLIB@
 RTLIB = @RTLIB@
@@ -195,14 +198,17 @@ build_cpu = @build_cpu@
 build_os = @build_os@
 build_vendor = @build_vendor@
 builddir = @builddir@
+c_plugins = @c_plugins@
 datadir = @datadir@
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+dbusservicedir = @dbusservicedir@
 default_pkcs11 = @default_pkcs11@
 docdir = @docdir@
 dvidir = @dvidir@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 gtk_CFLAGS = @gtk_CFLAGS@
 gtk_LIBS = @gtk_LIBS@
+h_plugins = @h_plugins@
 host = @host@
 host_alias = @host_alias@
 host_cpu = @host_cpu@
@@ -217,24 +223,31 @@ ipsecgid = @ipsecgid@
 ipsecgroup = @ipsecgroup@
 ipsecuid = @ipsecuid@
 ipsecuser = @ipsecuser@
+libcharon_plugins = @libcharon_plugins@
 libdir = @libdir@
 libexecdir = @libexecdir@
-libhydra_plugins = @libhydra_plugins@
-libstrongswan_plugins = @libstrongswan_plugins@
 linux_headers = @linux_headers@
 localedir = @localedir@
 localstatedir = @localstatedir@
 lt_ECHO = @lt_ECHO@
+maemo_CFLAGS = @maemo_CFLAGS@
+maemo_LIBS = @maemo_LIBS@
+manager_plugins = @manager_plugins@
 mandir = @mandir@
+medsrv_plugins = @medsrv_plugins@
 mkdir_p = @mkdir_p@
 nm_CFLAGS = @nm_CFLAGS@
 nm_LIBS = @nm_LIBS@
 nm_ca_dir = @nm_ca_dir@
 oldincludedir = @oldincludedir@
+openac_plugins = @openac_plugins@
+p_plugins = @p_plugins@
 pdfdir = @pdfdir@
 piddir = @piddir@
+pki_plugins = @pki_plugins@
 plugindir = @plugindir@
 pluto_plugins = @pluto_plugins@
+pool_plugins = @pool_plugins@
 prefix = @prefix@
 program_transform_name = @program_transform_name@
 psdir = @psdir@
@@ -242,7 +255,10 @@ random_device = @random_device@
 resolv_conf = @resolv_conf@
 routing_table = @routing_table@
 routing_table_prio = @routing_table_prio@
+s_plugins = @s_plugins@
 sbindir = @sbindir@
+scepclient_plugins = @scepclient_plugins@
+scripts_plugins = @scripts_plugins@
 sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@
 srcdir = @srcdir@
 strongswan_conf = @strongswan_conf@
@@ -254,9 +270,7 @@ top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
 urandom_device = @urandom_device@
 xml_CFLAGS = @xml_CFLAGS@
 xml_LIBS = @xml_LIBS@
-INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra \
-	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libcharon
-
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
 @MONOLITHIC_TRUE@noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-attr.la
 @MONOLITHIC_FALSE@plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-attr.la
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.am
index a3dac863f..7491debcd 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.am
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 
 AM_CFLAGS = \
 	-rdynamic \
-	-DPLUGINS=\""${libstrongswan_plugins}\""
+	-DPLUGINS=\""${pool_plugins}\""
 
 if MONOLITHIC
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-attr-sql.la
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.in
index edf51059b..dfb41cc02 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.in
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/attr_sql/Makefile.in
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
 am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
 	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
@@ -177,6 +178,8 @@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
 PATH_SEPARATOR = @PATH_SEPARATOR@
 PERL = @PERL@
 PKG_CONFIG = @PKG_CONFIG@
+PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR = @PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR@
+PKG_CONFIG_PATH = @PKG_CONFIG_PATH@
 PTHREADLIB = @PTHREADLIB@
 RANLIB = @RANLIB@
 RTLIB = @RTLIB@
@@ -208,14 +211,17 @@ build_cpu = @build_cpu@
 build_os = @build_os@
 build_vendor = @build_vendor@
 builddir = @builddir@
+c_plugins = @c_plugins@
 datadir = @datadir@
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+dbusservicedir = @dbusservicedir@
 default_pkcs11 = @default_pkcs11@
 docdir = @docdir@
 dvidir = @dvidir@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 gtk_CFLAGS = @gtk_CFLAGS@
 gtk_LIBS = @gtk_LIBS@
+h_plugins = @h_plugins@
 host = @host@
 host_alias = @host_alias@
 host_cpu = @host_cpu@
@@ -230,24 +236,31 @@ ipsecgid = @ipsecgid@
 ipsecgroup = @ipsecgroup@
 ipsecuid = @ipsecuid@
 ipsecuser = @ipsecuser@
+libcharon_plugins = @libcharon_plugins@
 libdir = @libdir@
 libexecdir = @libexecdir@
-libhydra_plugins = @libhydra_plugins@
-libstrongswan_plugins = @libstrongswan_plugins@
 linux_headers = @linux_headers@
 localedir = @localedir@
 localstatedir = @localstatedir@
 lt_ECHO = @lt_ECHO@
+maemo_CFLAGS = @maemo_CFLAGS@
+maemo_LIBS = @maemo_LIBS@
+manager_plugins = @manager_plugins@
 mandir = @mandir@
+medsrv_plugins = @medsrv_plugins@
 mkdir_p = @mkdir_p@
 nm_CFLAGS = @nm_CFLAGS@
 nm_LIBS = @nm_LIBS@
 nm_ca_dir = @nm_ca_dir@
 oldincludedir = @oldincludedir@
+openac_plugins = @openac_plugins@
+p_plugins = @p_plugins@
 pdfdir = @pdfdir@
 piddir = @piddir@
+pki_plugins = @pki_plugins@
 plugindir = @plugindir@
 pluto_plugins = @pluto_plugins@
+pool_plugins = @pool_plugins@
 prefix = @prefix@
 program_transform_name = @program_transform_name@
 psdir = @psdir@
@@ -255,7 +268,10 @@ random_device = @random_device@
 resolv_conf = @resolv_conf@
 routing_table = @routing_table@
 routing_table_prio = @routing_table_prio@
+s_plugins = @s_plugins@
 sbindir = @sbindir@
+scepclient_plugins = @scepclient_plugins@
+scripts_plugins = @scripts_plugins@
 sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@
 srcdir = @srcdir@
 strongswan_conf = @strongswan_conf@
@@ -270,7 +286,7 @@ xml_LIBS = @xml_LIBS@
 INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 AM_CFLAGS = \
 	-rdynamic \
-	-DPLUGINS=\""${libstrongswan_plugins}\""
+	-DPLUGINS=\""${pool_plugins}\""
 
 @MONOLITHIC_TRUE@noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-attr-sql.la
 @MONOLITHIC_FALSE@plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-attr-sql.la
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df639b255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
+
+if MONOLITHIC
+noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-klips.la
+else
+plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-klips.la
+endif
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_klips_plugin.h kernel_klips_plugin.c \
+	kernel_klips_ipsec.h kernel_klips_ipsec.c pfkeyv2.h
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a451bd6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,604 @@
+# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.11.1 from Makefile.am.
+# @configure_input@
+
+# Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
+# 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009  Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc.
+# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without
+# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
+# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+@SET_MAKE@
+
+VPATH = @srcdir@
+pkgdatadir = $(datadir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkgincludedir = $(includedir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibdir = $(libdir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibexecdir = $(libexecdir)/@PACKAGE@
+am__cd = CDPATH="$${ZSH_VERSION+.}$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" && cd
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+INSTALL_HEADER = $(INSTALL_DATA)
+transform = $(program_transform_name)
+NORMAL_INSTALL = :
+PRE_INSTALL = :
+POST_INSTALL = :
+NORMAL_UNINSTALL = :
+PRE_UNINSTALL = :
+POST_UNINSTALL = :
+build_triplet = @build@
+host_triplet = @host@
+subdir = src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips
+DIST_COMMON = $(srcdir)/Makefile.am $(srcdir)/Makefile.in
+ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4
+am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltoptions.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltsugar.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltversion.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
+am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
+	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
+mkinstalldirs = $(install_sh) -d
+CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES =
+CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES =
+am__vpath_adj_setup = srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`;
+am__vpath_adj = case $$p in \
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+    *) f=$$p;; \
+  esac;
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+am__nobase_strip_setup = \
+  srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*|]/\\\\&/g'`
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+  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p"; done | sed -e "s|$$srcdirstrip/||"
+am__nobase_list = $(am__nobase_strip_setup); \
+  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p $$p"; done | \
+  sed "s| $$srcdirstrip/| |;"' / .*\//!s/ .*/ ./; s,\( .*\)/[^/]*$$,\1,' | \
+  $(AWK) 'BEGIN { files["."] = "" } { files[$$2] = files[$$2] " " $$1; \
+    if (++n[$$2] == $(am__install_max)) \
+      { print $$2, files[$$2]; n[$$2] = 0; files[$$2] = "" } } \
+    END { for (dir in files) print dir, files[dir] }'
+am__base_list = \
+  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g' | \
+  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g'
+am__installdirs = "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"
+LTLIBRARIES = $(noinst_LTLIBRARIES) $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LIBADD =
+am_libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_OBJECTS = kernel_klips_plugin.lo \
+	kernel_klips_ipsec.lo
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_OBJECTS =  \
+	$(am_libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_OBJECTS)
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC \
+	$(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=link $(CCLD) \
+	$(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) \
+	$(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@am_libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_rpath = -rpath \
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@	$(plugindir)
+@MONOLITHIC_TRUE@am_libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_rpath =
+DEFAULT_INCLUDES = -I.@am__isrc@
+depcomp = $(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/depcomp
+am__depfiles_maybe = depfiles
+am__mv = mv -f
+COMPILE = $(CC) $(DEFS) $(DEFAULT_INCLUDES) $(INCLUDES) $(AM_CPPFLAGS) \
+	$(CPPFLAGS) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
+LTCOMPILE = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
+	--mode=compile $(CC) $(DEFS) $(DEFAULT_INCLUDES) $(INCLUDES) \
+	$(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
+CCLD = $(CC)
+LINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
+	--mode=link $(CCLD) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(AM_LDFLAGS) \
+	$(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+SOURCES = $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_SOURCES)
+DIST_SOURCES = $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_SOURCES)
+ETAGS = etags
+CTAGS = ctags
+DISTFILES = $(DIST_COMMON) $(DIST_SOURCES) $(TEXINFOS) $(EXTRA_DIST)
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+PKG_CONFIG = @PKG_CONFIG@
+PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR = @PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR@
+PKG_CONFIG_PATH = @PKG_CONFIG_PATH@
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+build_vendor = @build_vendor@
+builddir = @builddir@
+c_plugins = @c_plugins@
+datadir = @datadir@
+datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+dbusservicedir = @dbusservicedir@
+default_pkcs11 = @default_pkcs11@
+docdir = @docdir@
+dvidir = @dvidir@
+exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
+gtk_CFLAGS = @gtk_CFLAGS@
+gtk_LIBS = @gtk_LIBS@
+h_plugins = @h_plugins@
+host = @host@
+host_alias = @host_alias@
+host_cpu = @host_cpu@
+host_os = @host_os@
+host_vendor = @host_vendor@
+htmldir = @htmldir@
+includedir = @includedir@
+infodir = @infodir@
+install_sh = @install_sh@
+ipsecdir = @ipsecdir@
+ipsecgid = @ipsecgid@
+ipsecgroup = @ipsecgroup@
+ipsecuid = @ipsecuid@
+ipsecuser = @ipsecuser@
+libcharon_plugins = @libcharon_plugins@
+libdir = @libdir@
+libexecdir = @libexecdir@
+linux_headers = @linux_headers@
+localedir = @localedir@
+localstatedir = @localstatedir@
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+maemo_CFLAGS = @maemo_CFLAGS@
+maemo_LIBS = @maemo_LIBS@
+manager_plugins = @manager_plugins@
+mandir = @mandir@
+medsrv_plugins = @medsrv_plugins@
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+pdfdir = @pdfdir@
+piddir = @piddir@
+pki_plugins = @pki_plugins@
+plugindir = @plugindir@
+pluto_plugins = @pluto_plugins@
+pool_plugins = @pool_plugins@
+prefix = @prefix@
+program_transform_name = @program_transform_name@
+psdir = @psdir@
+random_device = @random_device@
+resolv_conf = @resolv_conf@
+routing_table = @routing_table@
+routing_table_prio = @routing_table_prio@
+s_plugins = @s_plugins@
+sbindir = @sbindir@
+scepclient_plugins = @scepclient_plugins@
+scripts_plugins = @scripts_plugins@
+sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@
+srcdir = @srcdir@
+strongswan_conf = @strongswan_conf@
+sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
+target_alias = @target_alias@
+top_build_prefix = @top_build_prefix@
+top_builddir = @top_builddir@
+top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
+urandom_device = @urandom_device@
+xml_CFLAGS = @xml_CFLAGS@
+xml_LIBS = @xml_LIBS@
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
+@MONOLITHIC_TRUE@noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-klips.la
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-klips.la
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_klips_plugin.h kernel_klips_plugin.c \
+	kernel_klips_ipsec.h kernel_klips_ipsec.c pfkeyv2.h
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
+all: all-am
+
+.SUFFIXES:
+.SUFFIXES: .c .lo .o .obj
+$(srcdir)/Makefile.in:  $(srcdir)/Makefile.am  $(am__configure_deps)
+	@for dep in $?; do \
+	  case '$(am__configure_deps)' in \
+	    *$$dep*) \
+	      ( cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh ) \
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+	      exit 1;; \
+	  esac; \
+	done; \
+	echo ' cd $(top_srcdir) && $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile'; \
+	$(am__cd) $(top_srcdir) && \
+	  $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/Makefile
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+	@case '$?' in \
+	  *config.status*) \
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+	  *) \
+	    echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \
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+	  test "$$dir" != "$$p" || dir=.; \
+	  echo "rm -f \"$${dir}/so_locations\""; \
+	  rm -f "$${dir}/so_locations"; \
+	done
+install-pluginLTLIBRARIES: $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
+	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+	test -z "$(plugindir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"
+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; test -n "$(plugindir)" || list=; \
+	list2=; for p in $$list; do \
+	  if test -f $$p; then \
+	    list2="$$list2 $$p"; \
+	  else :; fi; \
+	done; \
+	test -z "$$list2" || { \
+	  echo " $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=install $(INSTALL) $(INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG) $$list2 '$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)'"; \
+	  $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=install $(INSTALL) $(INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG) $$list2 "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"; \
+	}
+
+uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES:
+	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; test -n "$(plugindir)" || list=; \
+	for p in $$list; do \
+	  $(am__strip_dir) \
+	  echo " $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=uninstall rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)/$$f'"; \
+	  $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=uninstall rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)/$$f"; \
+	done
+
+clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES:
+	-test -z "$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)" || rm -f $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; for p in $$list; do \
+	  dir="`echo $$p | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$$||'`"; \
+	  test "$$dir" != "$$p" || dir=.; \
+	  echo "rm -f \"$${dir}/so_locations\""; \
+	  rm -f "$${dir}/so_locations"; \
+	done
+libstrongswan-kernel-klips.la: $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_OBJECTS) $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
+	$(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LINK) $(am_libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_rpath) $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_OBJECTS) $(libstrongswan_kernel_klips_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
+
+mostlyclean-compile:
+	-rm -f *.$(OBJEXT)
+
+distclean-compile:
+	-rm -f *.tab.c
+
+@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/kernel_klips_ipsec.Plo@am__quote@
+@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/kernel_klips_plugin.Plo@am__quote@
+
+.c.o:
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+@am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	$(LTCOMPILE) -c -o $@ $<
+
+mostlyclean-libtool:
+	-rm -f *.lo
+
+clean-libtool:
+	-rm -rf .libs _libs
+
+ID: $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES) $(LISP) $(TAGS_FILES)
+	list='$(SOURCES) $(HEADERS) $(LISP) $(TAGS_FILES)'; \
+	unique=`for i in $$list; do \
+	    if test -f "$$i"; then echo $$i; else echo $(srcdir)/$$i; fi; \
+	  done | \
+	  $(AWK) '{ files[$$0] = 1; nonempty = 1; } \
+	      END { if (nonempty) { for (i in files) print i; }; }'`; \
+	mkid -fID $$unique
+tags: TAGS
+
+TAGS:  $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  $(TAGS_DEPENDENCIES) \
+		$(TAGS_FILES) $(LISP)
+	set x; \
+	here=`pwd`; \
+	list='$(SOURCES) $(HEADERS)  $(LISP) $(TAGS_FILES)'; \
+	unique=`for i in $$list; do \
+	    if test -f "$$i"; then echo $$i; else echo $(srcdir)/$$i; fi; \
+	  done | \
+	  $(AWK) '{ files[$$0] = 1; nonempty = 1; } \
+	      END { if (nonempty) { for (i in files) print i; }; }'`; \
+	shift; \
+	if test -z "$(ETAGS_ARGS)$$*$$unique"; then :; else \
+	  test -n "$$unique" || unique=$$empty_fix; \
+	  if test $$# -gt 0; then \
+	    $(ETAGS) $(ETAGSFLAGS) $(AM_ETAGSFLAGS) $(ETAGS_ARGS) \
+	      "$$@" $$unique; \
+	  else \
+	    $(ETAGS) $(ETAGSFLAGS) $(AM_ETAGSFLAGS) $(ETAGS_ARGS) \
+	      $$unique; \
+	  fi; \
+	fi
+ctags: CTAGS
+CTAGS:  $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  $(TAGS_DEPENDENCIES) \
+		$(TAGS_FILES) $(LISP)
+	list='$(SOURCES) $(HEADERS)  $(LISP) $(TAGS_FILES)'; \
+	unique=`for i in $$list; do \
+	    if test -f "$$i"; then echo $$i; else echo $(srcdir)/$$i; fi; \
+	  done | \
+	  $(AWK) '{ files[$$0] = 1; nonempty = 1; } \
+	      END { if (nonempty) { for (i in files) print i; }; }'`; \
+	test -z "$(CTAGS_ARGS)$$unique" \
+	  || $(CTAGS) $(CTAGSFLAGS) $(AM_CTAGSFLAGS) $(CTAGS_ARGS) \
+	     $$unique
+
+GTAGS:
+	here=`$(am__cd) $(top_builddir) && pwd` \
+	  && $(am__cd) $(top_srcdir) \
+	  && gtags -i $(GTAGS_ARGS) "$$here"
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+distclean-tags:
+	-rm -f TAGS ID GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS GPATH tags
+
+distdir: $(DISTFILES)
+	@srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
+	topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
+	list='$(DISTFILES)'; \
+	  dist_files=`for file in $$list; do echo $$file; done | \
+	  sed -e "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||;t" \
+	      -e "s|^$$topsrcdirstrip/|$(top_builddir)/|;t"`; \
+	case $$dist_files in \
+	  */*) $(MKDIR_P) `echo "$$dist_files" | \
+			   sed '/\//!d;s|^|$(distdir)/|;s,/[^/]*$$,,' | \
+			   sort -u` ;; \
+	esac; \
+	for file in $$dist_files; do \
+	  if test -f $$file || test -d $$file; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
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+	      cp -fpR $(srcdir)/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
+	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
+	    fi; \
+	    cp -fpR $$d/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
+	  else \
+	    test -f "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || cp -p $$d/$$file "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || exit 1; \
+	  fi; \
+	done
+check-am: all-am
+check: check-am
+all-am: Makefile $(LTLIBRARIES)
+installdirs:
+	for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"; do \
+	  test -z "$$dir" || $(MKDIR_P) "$$dir"; \
+	done
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+	  install_sh_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG=-s \
+	  `test -z '$(STRIP)' || \
+	    echo "INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV=STRIPPROG='$(STRIP)'"` install
+mostlyclean-generic:
+
+clean-generic:
+
+distclean-generic:
+	-test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)
+	-test . = "$(srcdir)" || test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)
+
+maintainer-clean-generic:
+	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use"
+	@echo "it deletes files that may require special tools to rebuild."
+clean: clean-am
+
+clean-am: clean-generic clean-libtool clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES \
+	clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES mostlyclean-am
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+distclean: distclean-am
+	-rm -rf ./$(DEPDIR)
+	-rm -f Makefile
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+dvi: dvi-am
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+.PHONY: CTAGS GTAGS all all-am check check-am clean clean-generic \
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+	uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES
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+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ccb2ac5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2643 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include "pfkeyv2.h"
+#include <linux/udp.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "kernel_klips_ipsec.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <utils/linked_list.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+
+/** default timeout for generated SPIs (in seconds) */
+#define SPI_TIMEOUT 30
+
+/** buffer size for PF_KEY messages */
+#define PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE 2048
+
+/** PF_KEY messages are 64 bit aligned */
+#define PFKEY_ALIGNMENT 8
+/** aligns len to 64 bits */
+#define PFKEY_ALIGN(len) (((len) + PFKEY_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(PFKEY_ALIGNMENT - 1))
+/** calculates the properly padded length in 64 bit chunks */
+#define PFKEY_LEN(len) ((PFKEY_ALIGN(len) / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT))
+/** calculates user mode length i.e. in bytes */
+#define PFKEY_USER_LEN(len) ((len) * PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+
+/** given a PF_KEY message header and an extension this updates the length in the header */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, ext) ((msg)->sadb_msg_len += ((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len)
+/** given a PF_KEY message header this returns a pointer to the next extension */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg) ((struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)(msg)) + PFKEY_USER_LEN((msg)->sadb_msg_len)))
+/** copy an extension and append it to a PF_KEY message */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, ext) (PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, memcpy(PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg), ext, PFKEY_USER_LEN(((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len))))
+/** given a PF_KEY extension this returns a pointer to the next extension */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_NEXT(ext) ((struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)(ext)) + PFKEY_USER_LEN(((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len)))
+/** given a PF_KEY extension this returns a pointer to the next extension also updates len (len in 64 bit words) */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_NEXT_LEN(ext,len) ((len) -= (ext)->sadb_ext_len, PFKEY_EXT_NEXT(ext))
+/** true if ext has a valid length and len is large enough to contain ext (assuming len in 64 bit words) */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_OK(ext,len) ((len) >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) && \
+				(ext)->sadb_ext_len >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) && \
+				(ext)->sadb_ext_len <= (len))
+
+/** special SPI values used for policies in KLIPS */
+#define SPI_PASS 256
+#define SPI_DROP 257
+#define SPI_REJECT 258
+#define SPI_HOLD 259
+#define SPI_TRAP 260
+#define SPI_TRAPSUBNET 261
+
+/** the prefix of the name of KLIPS ipsec devices */
+#define IPSEC_DEV_PREFIX "ipsec"
+/** this is the default number of ipsec devices */
+#define DEFAULT_IPSEC_DEV_COUNT 4
+/** TRUE if the given name matches an ipsec device */
+#define IS_IPSEC_DEV(name) (strneq((name), IPSEC_DEV_PREFIX, sizeof(IPSEC_DEV_PREFIX) - 1))
+
+/** the following stuff is from ipsec_tunnel.h */
+struct ipsectunnelconf
+{
+	__u32	cf_cmd;
+	union
+	{
+		char	cfu_name[12];
+	} cf_u;
+#define cf_name cf_u.cfu_name
+};
+
+#define IPSEC_SET_DEV (SIOCDEVPRIVATE)
+#define IPSEC_DEL_DEV (SIOCDEVPRIVATE + 1)
+#define IPSEC_CLR_DEV (SIOCDEVPRIVATE + 2)
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_klips class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t
+{
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_klips_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_klips_ipsec_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * List of installed policies (policy_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *policies;
+
+	/**
+	 * List of allocated SPIs without installed SA (sa_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *allocated_spis;
+
+	/**
+	 * List of installed SAs (sa_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *installed_sas;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to install routes along policies
+	 */
+	bool install_routes;
+
+	/**
+	 * List of ipsec devices (ipsec_dev_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *ipsec_devices;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving PF_KEY events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to the PF_KEY socket
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex_pfkey;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY socket to communicate with the kernel
+	 */
+	int socket;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY socket to receive acquire and expire events
+	 */
+	int socket_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * sequence number for messages sent to the kernel
+	 */
+	int seq;
+
+};
+
+
+typedef struct ipsec_dev_t ipsec_dev_t;
+
+/**
+ * ipsec device
+ */
+struct ipsec_dev_t {
+	/** name of the virtual ipsec interface */
+	char name[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+	/** name of the physical interface */
+	char phys_name[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this ipsec device is used */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * compare the given name with the virtual device name
+ */
+static inline bool ipsec_dev_match_byname(ipsec_dev_t *current, char *name)
+{
+	return name && streq(current->name, name);
+}
+
+/**
+ * compare the given name with the physical device name
+ */
+static inline bool ipsec_dev_match_byphys(ipsec_dev_t *current, char *name)
+{
+	return name && streq(current->phys_name, name);
+}
+
+/**
+ * matches free ipsec devices
+ */
+static inline bool ipsec_dev_match_free(ipsec_dev_t *current)
+{
+	return current->refcount == 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * tries to find an ipsec_dev_t object by name
+ */
+static status_t find_ipsec_dev(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, char *name,
+							   ipsec_dev_t **dev)
+{
+	linked_list_match_t match = (linked_list_match_t)(IS_IPSEC_DEV(name) ?
+								ipsec_dev_match_byname : ipsec_dev_match_byphys);
+	return this->ipsec_devices->find_first(this->ipsec_devices, match,
+												(void**)dev, name);
+}
+
+/**
+ * attach an ipsec device to a physical interface
+ */
+static status_t attach_ipsec_dev(char* name, char *phys_name)
+{
+	int sock;
+	struct ifreq req;
+	struct ipsectunnelconf *itc = (struct ipsectunnelconf*)&req.ifr_data;
+	short phys_flags;
+	int mtu;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "attaching virtual interface %s to %s", name, phys_name);
+
+	if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) <= 0)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req) < 0)
+	{
+		close(sock);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	phys_flags = req.ifr_flags;
+
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req) < 0)
+	{
+		close(sock);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if (req.ifr_flags & IFF_UP)
+	{
+		/* if it's already up, it is already attached, detach it first */
+		ioctl(sock, IPSEC_DEL_DEV, &req);
+	}
+
+	/* attach it */
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	strncpy(itc->cf_name, phys_name, sizeof(itc->cf_name));
+	ioctl(sock, IPSEC_SET_DEV, &req);
+
+	/* copy address from physical to virtual */
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFADDR, &req) == 0)
+	{
+		strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+		ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFADDR, &req);
+	}
+
+	/* copy net mask from physical to virtual */
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &req) == 0)
+	{
+		strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+		ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFNETMASK, &req);
+	}
+
+	/* copy other flags and addresses */
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req) == 0)
+	{
+		if (phys_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
+		{
+			req.ifr_flags |= IFF_POINTOPOINT;
+			req.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_BROADCAST;
+			ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req);
+
+			strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+			if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFDSTADDR, &req) == 0)
+			{
+				strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+				ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFDSTADDR, &req);
+			}
+		}
+		else if (phys_flags & IFF_BROADCAST)
+		{
+			req.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_POINTOPOINT;
+			req.ifr_flags |= IFF_BROADCAST;
+			ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req);
+
+			strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+			if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, &req)==0)
+			{
+				strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+				ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFBRDADDR, &req);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			req.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_POINTOPOINT;
+			req.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_BROADCAST;
+			ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req);
+		}
+	}
+
+	mtu = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
+						"%s.plugins.kernel-klips.ipsec_dev_mtu", 0,
+						hydra->daemon);
+	if (mtu <= 0)
+	{
+		/* guess MTU as physical MTU - ESP overhead [- NAT-T overhead]
+		 * ESP overhead      : 73 bytes
+		 * NAT-T overhead    :  8 bytes ==> 81 bytes
+		 *
+		 * assuming tunnel mode with AES encryption and integrity
+		 * outer IP header  : 20 bytes
+		 * (NAT-T UDP header:  8 bytes)
+		 * ESP header       :  8 bytes
+		 * IV               : 16 bytes
+		 * padding          : 15 bytes (worst-case)
+		 * pad len / NH     :  2 bytes
+		 * auth data        : 12 bytes
+		 */
+		strncpy(req.ifr_name, phys_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+		ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFMTU, &req);
+		mtu = req.ifr_mtu - 81;
+	}
+
+	/* set MTU */
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	req.ifr_mtu = mtu;
+	ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFMTU, &req);
+
+	/* bring ipsec device UP */
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req) == 0)
+	{
+		req.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
+		ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req);
+	}
+
+	close(sock);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * detach an ipsec device from a physical interface
+ */
+static status_t detach_ipsec_dev(char* name, char *phys_name)
+{
+	int sock;
+	struct ifreq req;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "detaching virtual interface %s from %s", name,
+			strlen(phys_name) ? phys_name : "any physical interface");
+
+	if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) <= 0)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	strncpy(req.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &req) < 0)
+	{
+		close(sock);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* shutting interface down */
+	if (req.ifr_flags & IFF_UP)
+	{
+		req.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_UP;
+		ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &req);
+	}
+
+	/* unset address */
+	memset(&req.ifr_addr, 0, sizeof(req.ifr_addr));
+	req.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
+	ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFADDR, &req);
+
+	/* detach interface */
+	ioctl(sock, IPSEC_DEL_DEV, &req);
+
+	close(sock);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy an ipsec_dev_t object
+ */
+static void ipsec_dev_destroy(ipsec_dev_t *this)
+{
+	detach_ipsec_dev(this->name, this->phys_name);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+
+typedef struct route_entry_t route_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed routing entry
+ */
+struct route_entry_t {
+	/** Name of the interface the route is bound to */
+	char *if_name;
+
+	/** Source ip of the route */
+	host_t *src_ip;
+
+	/** Gateway for this route */
+	host_t *gateway;
+
+	/** Destination net */
+	chunk_t dst_net;
+
+	/** Destination net prefixlen */
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an route_entry_t object
+ */
+static void route_entry_destroy(route_entry_t *this)
+{
+	free(this->if_name);
+	this->src_ip->destroy(this->src_ip);
+	this->gateway->destroy(this->gateway);
+	chunk_free(&this->dst_net);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct policy_entry_t policy_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed kernel policy.
+ */
+struct policy_entry_t {
+
+	/** reqid of this policy, if setup as trap */
+	u_int32_t reqid;
+
+	/** direction of this policy: in, out, forward */
+	u_int8_t direction;
+
+	/** parameters of installed policy */
+	struct {
+		/** subnet and port */
+		host_t *net;
+		/** subnet mask */
+		u_int8_t mask;
+		/** protocol */
+		u_int8_t proto;
+	} src, dst;
+
+	/** associated route installed for this policy */
+	route_entry_t *route;
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this policy is actively used */
+	u_int activecount;
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this policy is trapped */
+	u_int trapcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * convert a numerical netmask to a host_t
+ */
+static host_t *mask2host(int family, u_int8_t mask)
+{
+	static const u_char bitmask[] = { 0x00, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfc, 0xfe };
+	chunk_t chunk = chunk_alloca(family == AF_INET ? 4 : 16);
+	int bytes = mask / 8, bits = mask % 8;
+	memset(chunk.ptr, 0xFF, bytes);
+	memset(chunk.ptr + bytes, 0, chunk.len - bytes);
+	if (bits)
+	{
+		chunk.ptr[bytes] =  bitmask[bits];
+	}
+	return host_create_from_chunk(family, chunk, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * check if a host is in a subnet (host with netmask in bits)
+ */
+static bool is_host_in_net(host_t *host, host_t *net, u_int8_t mask)
+{
+	static const u_char bitmask[] = { 0x00, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfc, 0xfe };
+	chunk_t host_chunk, net_chunk;
+	int bytes = mask / 8, bits = mask % 8;
+
+	host_chunk = host->get_address(host);
+	net_chunk = net->get_address(net);
+
+	if (host_chunk.len != net_chunk.len)
+	{
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+
+	if (memeq(host_chunk.ptr, net_chunk.ptr, bytes))
+	{
+		return (bits == 0) ||
+			   (host_chunk.ptr[bytes] & bitmask[bits]) ==
+				   (net_chunk.ptr[bytes] & bitmask[bits]);
+	}
+
+	return FALSE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * create a policy_entry_t object
+ */
+static policy_entry_t *create_policy_entry(traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+		traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t dir)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *policy = malloc_thing(policy_entry_t);
+	policy->reqid = 0;
+	policy->direction = dir;
+	policy->route = NULL;
+	policy->activecount = 0;
+	policy->trapcount = 0;
+
+	src_ts->to_subnet(src_ts, &policy->src.net, &policy->src.mask);
+	dst_ts->to_subnet(dst_ts, &policy->dst.net, &policy->dst.mask);
+
+	/* src or dest proto may be "any" (0), use more restrictive one */
+	policy->src.proto = max(src_ts->get_protocol(src_ts), dst_ts->get_protocol(dst_ts));
+	policy->src.proto = policy->src.proto ? policy->src.proto : 0;
+	policy->dst.proto = policy->src.proto;
+
+	return policy;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy a policy_entry_t object
+ */
+static void policy_entry_destroy(policy_entry_t *this)
+{
+	DESTROY_IF(this->src.net);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->dst.net);
+	if (this->route)
+	{
+		route_entry_destroy(this->route);
+	}
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/**
+ * compares two policy_entry_t
+ */
+static inline bool policy_entry_equals(policy_entry_t *current, policy_entry_t *policy)
+{
+	return current->direction == policy->direction &&
+		   current->src.proto == policy->src.proto &&
+		   current->dst.proto == policy->dst.proto &&
+		   current->src.mask == policy->src.mask &&
+		   current->dst.mask == policy->dst.mask &&
+		   current->src.net->equals(current->src.net, policy->src.net) &&
+		   current->dst.net->equals(current->dst.net, policy->dst.net);
+}
+
+static inline bool policy_entry_match_byaddrs(policy_entry_t *current, host_t *src,
+		host_t *dst)
+{
+	return is_host_in_net(src, current->src.net, current->src.mask) &&
+			is_host_in_net(dst, current->dst.net, current->dst.mask);
+}
+
+typedef struct sa_entry_t sa_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * used for two things:
+ * - allocated SPIs that have not yet resulted in an installed SA
+ * - installed inbound SAs with enabled UDP encapsulation
+ */
+struct sa_entry_t {
+
+	/** protocol of this SA */
+	u_int8_t protocol;
+
+	/** reqid of this SA */
+	u_int32_t reqid;
+
+	/** SPI of this SA */
+	u_int32_t spi;
+
+	/** src address of this SA */
+	host_t *src;
+
+	/** dst address of this SA */
+	host_t *dst;
+
+	/** TRUE if this SA uses UDP encapsulation */
+	bool encap;
+
+	/** TRUE if this SA is inbound */
+	bool inbound;
+};
+
+/**
+ * create an sa_entry_t object
+ */
+static sa_entry_t *create_sa_entry(u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t spi,
+								   u_int32_t reqid, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+								   bool encap, bool inbound)
+{
+	sa_entry_t *sa = malloc_thing(sa_entry_t);
+	sa->protocol = protocol;
+	sa->reqid = reqid;
+	sa->spi = spi;
+	sa->src = src ? src->clone(src) : NULL;
+	sa->dst = dst ? dst->clone(dst) : NULL;
+	sa->encap = encap;
+	sa->inbound = inbound;
+	return sa;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy an sa_entry_t object
+ */
+static void sa_entry_destroy(sa_entry_t *this)
+{
+	DESTROY_IF(this->src);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->dst);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/**
+ * match an sa_entry_t for an inbound SA that uses UDP encapsulation by spi and src (remote) address
+ */
+static inline bool sa_entry_match_encapbysrc(sa_entry_t *current, u_int32_t *spi,
+		host_t *src)
+{
+	return current->encap && current->inbound &&
+		   current->spi == *spi && src->ip_equals(src, current->src);
+}
+
+/**
+ * match an sa_entry_t by protocol, spi and dst address (as the kernel does it)
+ */
+static inline bool sa_entry_match_bydst(sa_entry_t *current, u_int8_t *protocol,
+		u_int32_t *spi, host_t *dst)
+{
+	return current->protocol == *protocol && current->spi == *spi && dst->ip_equals(dst, current->dst);
+}
+
+/**
+ * match an sa_entry_t by protocol, reqid and spi
+ */
+static inline bool sa_entry_match_byid(sa_entry_t *current, u_int8_t *protocol,
+		u_int32_t *spi, u_int32_t *reqid)
+{
+	return current->protocol == *protocol && current->spi == *spi && current->reqid == *reqid;
+}
+
+typedef struct pfkey_msg_t pfkey_msg_t;
+
+struct pfkey_msg_t
+{
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY message base
+	 */
+	struct sadb_msg *msg;
+
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY message extensions
+	 */
+	union {
+		struct sadb_ext *ext[SADB_EXT_MAX + 1];
+		struct {
+			struct sadb_ext *reserved;				/* SADB_EXT_RESERVED */
+			struct sadb_sa *sa;						/* SADB_EXT_SA */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_current;		/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_CURRENT */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_hard;			/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_soft;			/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT */
+			struct sadb_address *src;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC */
+			struct sadb_address *dst;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST */
+			struct sadb_address *proxy;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_PROXY */
+			struct sadb_key *key_auth;				/* SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH */
+			struct sadb_key *key_encr;				/* SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT */
+			struct sadb_ident *id_src;				/* SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC */
+			struct sadb_ident *id_dst;				/* SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_DST */
+			struct sadb_sens *sensitivity;			/* SADB_EXT_SENSITIVITY */
+			struct sadb_prop *proposal;				/* SADB_EXT_PROPOSAL */
+			struct sadb_supported *supported_auth;	/* SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_AUTH */
+			struct sadb_supported *supported_encr;	/* SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_ENCRYPT */
+			struct sadb_spirange *spirange;			/* SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE */
+			struct sadb_x_kmprivate *x_kmprivate;	/* SADB_X_EXT_KMPRIVATE */
+			struct sadb_ext *x_policy;				/* SADB_X_EXT_SATYPE2 */
+			struct sadb_ext *x_sa2;					/* SADB_X_EXT_SA2 */
+			struct sadb_address *x_dst2;			/* SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST2 */
+			struct sadb_address *x_src_flow;		/* SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_FLOW */
+			struct sadb_address *x_dst_flow;		/* SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_FLOW */
+			struct sadb_address *x_src_mask;		/* SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_MASK */
+			struct sadb_address *x_dst_mask;		/* SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_MASK */
+			struct sadb_x_debug *x_debug;			/* SADB_X_EXT_DEBUG */
+			struct sadb_protocol *x_protocol;		/* SADB_X_EXT_PROTOCOL */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_type *x_natt_type;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_port *x_natt_sport;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_port *x_natt_dport;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT */
+			struct sadb_address *x_natt_oa;			/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_OA */
+		} __attribute__((__packed__));
+	};
+};
+
+/**
+ * convert a protocol identifier to the PF_KEY sa type
+ */
+static u_int8_t proto2satype(u_int8_t proto)
+{
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case IPPROTO_ESP:
+			return SADB_SATYPE_ESP;
+		case IPPROTO_AH:
+			return SADB_SATYPE_AH;
+		case IPPROTO_COMP:
+			return SADB_X_SATYPE_COMP;
+		default:
+			return proto;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a PF_KEY sa type to a protocol identifier
+ */
+static u_int8_t satype2proto(u_int8_t satype)
+{
+	switch (satype)
+	{
+		case SADB_SATYPE_ESP:
+			return IPPROTO_ESP;
+		case SADB_SATYPE_AH:
+			return IPPROTO_AH;
+		case SADB_X_SATYPE_COMP:
+			return IPPROTO_COMP;
+		default:
+			return satype;
+	}
+}
+
+typedef struct kernel_algorithm_t kernel_algorithm_t;
+
+/**
+ * Mapping of IKEv2 algorithms to PF_KEY algorithms
+ */
+struct kernel_algorithm_t {
+	/**
+	 * Identifier specified in IKEv2
+	 */
+	int ikev2;
+
+	/**
+	 * Identifier as defined in pfkeyv2.h
+	 */
+	int kernel;
+};
+
+#define END_OF_LIST -1
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for encryption
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t encryption_algs[] = {
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV64,				0							}, */
+	{ENCR_DES,					SADB_EALG_DESCBC			},
+	{ENCR_3DES,					SADB_EALG_3DESCBC			},
+/*	{ENCR_RC5,					0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_IDEA,					0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAST,					0							}, */
+	{ENCR_BLOWFISH,				SADB_EALG_BFCBC				},
+/*	{ENCR_3IDEA,				0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV32,				0							}, */
+	{ENCR_NULL,					SADB_EALG_NULL				},
+	{ENCR_AES_CBC,				SADB_EALG_AESCBC			},
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CTR,				0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8,			0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12,		0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16,		0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8,			0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12,		0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16,		0							}, */
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0							},
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for integrity protection
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t integrity_algs[] = {
+	{AUTH_HMAC_MD5_96,			SADB_AALG_MD5HMAC			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA1_96,			SADB_AALG_SHA1HMAC			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128,	SADB_AALG_SHA256_HMAC		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_384_192,	SADB_AALG_SHA384_HMAC		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_512_256,	SADB_AALG_SHA512_HMAC		},
+/*	{AUTH_DES_MAC,				0,							}, */
+/*	{AUTH_KPDK_MD5,				0,							}, */
+/*	{AUTH_AES_XCBC_96,			0,							}, */
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0,							},
+};
+
+#if 0
+/**
+ * Algorithms for IPComp, unused yet
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t compression_algs[] = {
+/*	{IPCOMP_OUI,				0							}, */
+	{IPCOMP_DEFLATE,			SADB_X_CALG_DEFLATE			},
+	{IPCOMP_LZS,				SADB_X_CALG_LZS				},
+/*	{IPCOMP_LZJH,				0							}, */
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0							},
+};
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Look up a kernel algorithm ID and its key size
+ */
+static int lookup_algorithm(kernel_algorithm_t *list, int ikev2)
+{
+	while (list->ikev2 != END_OF_LIST)
+	{
+		if (ikev2 == list->ikev2)
+		{
+			return list->kernel;
+		}
+		list++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * add a host behind a sadb_address extension
+ */
+static void host2ext(host_t *host, struct sadb_address *ext)
+{
+	sockaddr_t *host_addr = host->get_sockaddr(host);
+	socklen_t *len = host->get_sockaddr_len(host);
+	memcpy((char*)(ext + 1), host_addr, *len);
+	ext->sadb_address_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(*ext) + *len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add a host to the given sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_addr_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, host_t *host, u_int16_t type)
+{
+	struct sadb_address *addr = (struct sadb_address*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	addr->sadb_address_exttype = type;
+	host2ext(host, addr);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, addr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * adds an empty address extension to the given sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_anyaddr_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, int family, u_int8_t type)
+{
+	socklen_t len = (family == AF_INET) ? sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) :
+										  sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
+	struct sadb_address *addr = (struct sadb_address*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	addr->sadb_address_exttype = type;
+	sockaddr_t *saddr = (sockaddr_t*)(addr + 1);
+	saddr->sa_family = family;
+	addr->sadb_address_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(*addr) + len);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, addr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add udp encap extensions to a sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_encap_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+							bool ports_only)
+{
+	struct sadb_x_nat_t_type* nat_type;
+	struct sadb_x_nat_t_port* nat_port;
+
+	if (!ports_only)
+	{
+		nat_type = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_type*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE;
+		nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_type));
+		nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_type);
+	}
+
+	nat_port = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_port*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT;
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_port));
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port = src->get_port(src);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_port);
+
+	nat_port = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_port*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT;
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_port));
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port = dst->get_port(dst);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_port);
+}
+
+/**
+ * build an SADB_X_ADDFLOW msg
+ */
+static void build_addflow(struct sadb_msg *msg, u_int8_t satype, u_int32_t spi,
+		host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *src_net, u_int8_t src_mask,
+		host_t *dst_net, u_int8_t dst_mask, u_int8_t protocol, bool replace)
+{
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	struct sadb_protocol *proto;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_X_ADDFLOW;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = satype;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_flags = replace ? SADB_X_SAFLAGS_REPLACEFLOW : 0;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	if (!src)
+	{
+		add_anyaddr_ext(msg, src_net->get_family(src_net), SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	}
+
+	if (!dst)
+	{
+		add_anyaddr_ext(msg, dst_net->get_family(dst_net), SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+	}
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src_net, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_FLOW);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst_net, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_FLOW);
+
+	host = mask2host(src_net->get_family(src_net), src_mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, host, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_MASK);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	host = mask2host(dst_net->get_family(dst_net), dst_mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, host, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_MASK);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	proto = (struct sadb_protocol*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	proto->sadb_protocol_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_PROTOCOL;
+	proto->sadb_protocol_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_protocol));
+	proto->sadb_protocol_proto = protocol;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, proto);
+}
+
+/**
+ * build an SADB_X_DELFLOW msg
+ */
+static void build_delflow(struct sadb_msg *msg, u_int8_t satype,
+		host_t *src_net, u_int8_t src_mask, host_t *dst_net, u_int8_t dst_mask,
+		u_int8_t protocol)
+{
+	struct sadb_protocol *proto;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_X_DELFLOW;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = satype;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src_net, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_FLOW);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst_net, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_FLOW);
+
+	host = mask2host(src_net->get_family(src_net),
+					 src_mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, host, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_MASK);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	host = mask2host(dst_net->get_family(dst_net),
+					 dst_mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, host, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_MASK);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	proto = (struct sadb_protocol*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	proto->sadb_protocol_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_PROTOCOL;
+	proto->sadb_protocol_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_protocol));
+	proto->sadb_protocol_proto = protocol;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, proto);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses a pfkey message received from the kernel
+ */
+static status_t parse_pfkey_message(struct sadb_msg *msg, pfkey_msg_t *out)
+{
+	struct sadb_ext* ext;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(out, 0, sizeof(pfkey_msg_t));
+	out->msg = msg;
+
+	len = msg->sadb_msg_len;
+	len -= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	ext = (struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)msg) + sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	while (len >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)))
+	{
+		if (ext->sadb_ext_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) ||
+			ext->sadb_ext_len > len)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "length of PF_KEY extension (%d) is invalid", ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((ext->sadb_ext_type > SADB_EXT_MAX) || (!ext->sadb_ext_type))
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "type of PF_KEY extension (%d) is invalid", ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (out->ext[ext->sadb_ext_type])
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "duplicate PF_KEY extension of type (%d)", ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		out->ext[ext->sadb_ext_type] = ext;
+		ext = PFKEY_EXT_NEXT_LEN(ext, len);
+	}
+
+	if (len)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "PF_KEY message length is invalid");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send a message to a specific PF_KEY socket and handle the response.
+ */
+static status_t pfkey_send_socket(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, int socket,
+					struct sadb_msg *in, struct sadb_msg **out, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg;
+	int in_len, len;
+
+	this->mutex_pfkey->lock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+
+	in->sadb_msg_seq = ++this->seq;
+	in->sadb_msg_pid = getpid();
+
+	in_len = PFKEY_USER_LEN(in->sadb_msg_len);
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		len = send(socket, in, in_len, 0);
+
+		if (len != in_len)
+		{
+			switch (errno)
+			{
+				case EINTR:
+					/* interrupted, try again */
+					continue;
+				case EINVAL:
+				case EEXIST:
+				case ESRCH:
+					/* we should also get a response for these from KLIPS */
+					break;
+				default:
+					this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error sending to PF_KEY socket: %s (%d)",
+							strerror(errno), errno);
+					return FAILED;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		msg = (struct sadb_msg*)buf;
+
+		len = recv(socket, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
+
+		if (len < 0)
+		{
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "got interrupted");
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				continue;
+			}
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error reading from PF_KEY socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (len < sizeof(struct sadb_msg) ||
+			msg->sadb_msg_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg)))
+		{
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted PF_KEY message");
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_len > len / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+		{
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "buffer was too small to receive the complete PF_KEY message");
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_pid != in->sadb_msg_pid)
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message is not intended for us");
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_seq != this->seq)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message with invalid sequence number,"
+					" was %d expected %d", msg->sadb_msg_seq, this->seq);
+			if (msg->sadb_msg_seq < this->seq)
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_type != in->sadb_msg_type)
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message of wrong type,"
+					" was %d expected %d, ignoring",
+					msg->sadb_msg_type, in->sadb_msg_type);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*out_len = len;
+	*out = (struct sadb_msg*)malloc(len);
+	memcpy(*out, buf, len);
+
+	this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send a message to the default PF_KEY socket.
+ */
+static status_t pfkey_send(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this,
+					struct sadb_msg *in, struct sadb_msg **out, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	return pfkey_send_socket(this, this->socket, in, out, out_len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send a message to the default PF_KEY socket and handle the response.
+ */
+static status_t pfkey_send_ack(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg *in)
+{
+	struct sadb_msg *out;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, in, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "PF_KEY error: %s (%d)",
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add an eroute to KLIPS
+ */
+static status_t add_eroute(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, u_int8_t satype,
+		u_int32_t spi, host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *src_net, u_int8_t src_mask,
+		host_t *dst_net, u_int8_t dst_mask, u_int8_t protocol, bool replace)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	build_addflow(msg, satype, spi, src, dst, src_net, src_mask,
+			dst_net, dst_mask, protocol, replace);
+
+	return pfkey_send_ack(this, msg);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Delete an eroute fom KLIPS
+ */
+static status_t del_eroute(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, u_int8_t satype,
+		host_t *src_net, u_int8_t src_mask, host_t *dst_net, u_int8_t dst_mask,
+		u_int8_t protocol)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	build_delflow(msg, satype, src_net, src_mask, dst_net, dst_mask, protocol);
+
+	return pfkey_send_ack(this, msg);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_ACQUIRE message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_acquire(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	host_t *src, *dst;
+	u_int32_t reqid;
+	u_int8_t proto;
+	policy_entry_t *policy;
+
+	switch (msg->sadb_msg_satype)
+	{
+		case SADB_SATYPE_UNSPEC:
+		case SADB_SATYPE_ESP:
+		case SADB_SATYPE_AH:
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* acquire for AH/ESP only */
+			return;
+	}
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_ACQUIRE from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* KLIPS provides us only with the source and destination address,
+	 * and the transport protocol of the packet that triggered the policy.
+	 * we use this information to find a matching policy in our cache.
+	 * because KLIPS installs a narrow %hold eroute covering only this information,
+	 * we replace both the %trap and this %hold eroutes with a broader %hold
+	 * eroute covering the whole policy */
+	src = host_create_from_sockaddr((sockaddr_t*)(response.src + 1));
+	dst = host_create_from_sockaddr((sockaddr_t*)(response.dst + 1));
+	proto = response.src->sadb_address_proto;
+	if (!src || !dst || src->get_family(src) != dst->get_family(dst))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE with invalid hosts");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE for %H == %H : %d", src, dst, proto);
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_match_byaddrs,
+				(void**)&policy, src, dst) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE, but found no matching policy");
+		return;
+	}
+	if ((reqid = policy->reqid) == 0)
+	{
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE, but policy is not routed anymore");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* add a broad %hold eroute that replaces the %trap eroute */
+	add_eroute(this, SADB_X_SATYPE_INT, htonl(SPI_HOLD), NULL, NULL,
+			policy->src.net, policy->src.mask, policy->dst.net, policy->dst.mask,
+			policy->src.proto, TRUE);
+
+	/* remove the narrow %hold eroute installed by KLIPS */
+	del_eroute(this, SADB_X_SATYPE_INT, src, 32, dst, 32, proto);
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->acquire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, NULL,
+									 NULL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_mapping(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	host_t *old_src, *new_src;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING");
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spi = response.sa->sadb_sa_spi;
+
+	if (satype2proto(msg->sadb_msg_satype) == IPPROTO_ESP)
+	{
+		sa_entry_t *sa;
+		sockaddr_t *addr = (sockaddr_t*)(response.src + 1);
+		old_src = host_create_from_sockaddr(addr);
+
+		this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+		if (!old_src || this->installed_sas->find_first(this->installed_sas,
+				(linked_list_match_t)sa_entry_match_encapbysrc,
+					(void**)&sa, &spi, old_src) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING, but found no matching SA");
+			return;
+		}
+		reqid = sa->reqid;
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+		addr = (sockaddr_t*)(response.dst + 1);
+		switch (addr->sa_family)
+		{
+			case AF_INET:
+			{
+				struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*)addr;
+				sin->sin_port = htons(response.x_natt_dport->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port);
+			}
+			case AF_INET6:
+			{
+				struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)addr;
+				sin6->sin6_port = htons(response.x_natt_dport->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port);
+			}
+			default:
+				break;
+		}
+		new_src = host_create_from_sockaddr(addr);
+		if (new_src)
+		{
+			hydra->kernel_interface->mapping(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid,
+											 spi, new_src);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg = (struct sadb_msg*)buf;
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recv(this->socket_events, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from PF_KEY event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (len < sizeof(struct sadb_msg) ||
+		msg->sadb_msg_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg)))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted PF_KEY message");
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+	if (msg->sadb_msg_pid != 0)
+	{	/* not from kernel. not interested, try another one */
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+	if (msg->sadb_msg_len > len / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "buffer was too small to receive the complete PF_KEY message");
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	switch (msg->sadb_msg_type)
+	{
+		case SADB_ACQUIRE:
+			process_acquire(this, msg);
+			break;
+		case SADB_EXPIRE:
+			/* SADB_EXPIRE events in KLIPS are only triggered by traffic (even
+			 * for the time based limits). So if there is no traffic for a
+			 * longer period than configured as hard limit, we wouldn't be able
+			 * to rekey the SA and just receive the hard expire and thus delete
+			 * the SA.
+			 * To avoid this behavior and to make the daemon behave as with the
+			 * other kernel plugins, we implement the expiration of SAs
+			 * ourselves. */
+			break;
+		case SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING:
+			process_mapping(this, msg);
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+typedef enum {
+	/** an SPI has expired */
+	EXPIRE_TYPE_SPI,
+	/** a CHILD_SA has to be rekeyed */
+	EXPIRE_TYPE_SOFT,
+	/** a CHILD_SA has to be deleted */
+	EXPIRE_TYPE_HARD
+} expire_type_t;
+
+typedef struct sa_expire_t sa_expire_t;
+
+struct sa_expire_t {
+	/** kernel interface */
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this;
+	/** the SPI of the expiring SA */
+	u_int32_t spi;
+	/** the protocol of the expiring SA */
+	u_int8_t protocol;
+	/** the reqid of the expiring SA*/
+	u_int32_t reqid;
+	/** what type of expire this is */
+	expire_type_t type;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Called when an SA expires
+ */
+static job_requeue_t sa_expires(sa_expire_t *expire)
+{
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this = expire->this;
+	u_int8_t protocol = expire->protocol;
+	u_int32_t spi = expire->spi, reqid = expire->reqid;
+	bool hard = expire->type != EXPIRE_TYPE_SOFT;
+	sa_entry_t *cached_sa;
+	linked_list_t *list;
+
+	/* for an expired SPI we first check whether the CHILD_SA got installed
+	 * in the meantime, for expired SAs we check whether they are still installed */
+	list = expire->type == EXPIRE_TYPE_SPI ? this->allocated_spis : this->installed_sas;
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (list->find_first(list, (linked_list_match_t)sa_entry_match_byid,
+			(void**)&cached_sa, &protocol, &spi, &reqid) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		/* we found no entry:
+		 * - for SPIs, a CHILD_SA has been installed
+		 * - for SAs, the CHILD_SA has already been deleted */
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_NONE;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		list->remove(list, cached_sa, NULL);
+		sa_entry_destroy(cached_sa);
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->expire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, protocol,
+									spi, hard);
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_NONE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Schedule an expire job for an SA. Time is in seconds.
+ */
+static void schedule_expire(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this,
+							u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t spi,
+							u_int32_t reqid, expire_type_t type, u_int32_t time)
+{
+	callback_job_t *job;
+	sa_expire_t *expire = malloc_thing(sa_expire_t);
+	expire->this = this;
+	expire->protocol = protocol;
+	expire->spi = spi;
+	expire->reqid = reqid;
+	expire->type = type;
+	job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)sa_expires, expire, free, NULL);
+	lib->scheduler->schedule_job(lib->scheduler, (job_t*)job, time);
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_spi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	/* we cannot use SADB_GETSPI because KLIPS does not allow us to set the
+	 * NAT-T type in an SADB_UPDATE which we would have to use to update the
+	 * implicitly created SA.
+	 */
+	rng_t *rng;
+	u_int32_t spi_gen;
+
+	rng = lib->crypto->create_rng(lib->crypto, RNG_WEAK);
+	if (!rng)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "allocating SPI failed: no RNG");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	rng->get_bytes(rng, sizeof(spi_gen), (void*)&spi_gen);
+	rng->destroy(rng);
+
+	/* allocated SPIs lie within the range from 0xc0000000 to 0xcFFFFFFF */
+	spi_gen = 0xc0000000 | (spi_gen & 0x0FFFFFFF);
+
+	*spi = htonl(spi_gen);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	this->allocated_spis->insert_last(this->allocated_spis,
+			create_sa_entry(protocol, *spi, reqid, NULL, NULL, FALSE, TRUE));
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	schedule_expire(this, protocol, *spi, reqid, EXPIRE_TYPE_SPI, SPI_TIMEOUT);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_cpi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t reqid, u_int16_t *cpi)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add a pseudo IPIP SA for tunnel mode with KLIPS.
+ */
+static status_t add_ipip_sa(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this,
+					   host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int32_t spi, u_int32_t reqid)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding pseudo IPIP SA with SPI %.8x and reqid {%d}", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_ADD;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = SADB_X_SATYPE_IPIP;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_state = SADB_SASTATE_MATURE;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add pseudo IPIP SA with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add pseudo IPIP SA with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * group the IPIP SA required for tunnel mode with the outer SA
+ */
+static status_t group_ipip_sa(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this,
+					   host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int32_t spi,
+					   u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	struct sadb_x_satype *satype;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "grouping SAs with SPI %.8x and reqid {%d}", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_X_GRPSA;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = SADB_X_SATYPE_IPIP;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_state = SADB_SASTATE_MATURE;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+
+	satype = (struct sadb_x_satype*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	satype->sadb_x_satype_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_SATYPE2;
+	satype->sadb_x_satype_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_satype));
+	satype->sadb_x_satype_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, satype);
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_SA2;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_state = SADB_SASTATE_MATURE;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST2);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to group SAs with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to group SAs with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int32_t spi,
+	u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, mark_t mark,
+	lifetime_cfg_t *lifetime, u_int16_t enc_alg, chunk_t enc_key,
+	u_int16_t int_alg, chunk_t int_key, ipsec_mode_t mode,
+	u_int16_t ipcomp, u_int16_t cpi, bool encap, bool inbound,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	struct sadb_key *key;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (inbound)
+	{
+		/* for inbound SAs we allocated an SPI via get_spi, so we first check
+		 * whether that SPI has already expired (race condition) */
+		sa_entry_t *alloc_spi;
+		this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+		if (this->allocated_spis->find_first(this->allocated_spis,
+				(linked_list_match_t)sa_entry_match_byid, (void**)&alloc_spi,
+					&protocol, &spi, &reqid) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "allocated SPI %.8x has already expired", ntohl(spi));
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			this->allocated_spis->remove(this->allocated_spis, alloc_spi, NULL);
+			sa_entry_destroy(alloc_spi);
+		}
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding SAD entry with SPI %.8x and reqid {%d}", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_ADD;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_state = SADB_SASTATE_MATURE;
+	sa->sadb_sa_replay = (protocol == IPPROTO_COMP) ? 0 : 32;
+	sa->sadb_sa_auth = lookup_algorithm(integrity_algs, int_alg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_encrypt = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+
+	if (enc_alg != ENCR_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		if (!sa->sadb_sa_encrypt)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+		key = (struct sadb_key*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		key->sadb_key_exttype = SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT;
+		key->sadb_key_bits = enc_key.len * 8;
+		key->sadb_key_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_key) + enc_key.len);
+		memcpy(key + 1, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, key);
+	}
+
+	if (int_alg != AUTH_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		if (!sa->sadb_sa_auth)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using integrity algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg, int_key.len * 8);
+
+		key = (struct sadb_key*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		key->sadb_key_exttype = SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH;
+		key->sadb_key_bits = int_key.len * 8;
+		key->sadb_key_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_key) + int_key.len);
+		memcpy(key + 1, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, key);
+	}
+
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE)
+	{
+		/*TODO*/
+	}
+
+	if (encap)
+	{
+		add_encap_ext(msg, src, dst, FALSE);
+	}
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	/* for tunnel mode SAs we have to install an additional IPIP SA and
+	 * group the two SAs together */
+	if (mode == MODE_TUNNEL)
+	{
+		if (add_ipip_sa(this, src, dst, spi, reqid) != SUCCESS ||
+			group_ipip_sa(this, src, dst, spi, protocol, reqid) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	/* we cache this SA for two reasons:
+	 * - in case an SADB_X_NAT_T_MAPPING_NEW event occurs (we need to find the reqid then)
+	 * - to decide if an expired SA is still installed */
+	this->installed_sas->insert_last(this->installed_sas,
+				create_sa_entry(protocol, spi, reqid, src, dst, encap, inbound));
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* Although KLIPS supports SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT/HARD, we handle the lifetime
+	 * of SAs manually in the plugin. Refer to the comments in receive_events()
+	 * for details. */
+	if (lifetime->time.rekey)
+	{
+		schedule_expire(this, protocol, spi, reqid, EXPIRE_TYPE_SOFT, lifetime->time.rekey);
+	}
+
+	if (lifetime->time.life)
+	{
+		schedule_expire(this, protocol, spi, reqid, EXPIRE_TYPE_HARD, lifetime->time.life);
+	}
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, update_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol,
+	u_int16_t cpi, host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *new_src, host_t *new_dst,
+	bool encap, bool new_encap, mark_t mark)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	size_t len;
+
+	/* we can't update the SA if any of the ip addresses have changed.
+	 * that's because we can't use SADB_UPDATE and by deleting and readding the
+	 * SA the sequence numbers would get lost */
+	if (!src->ip_equals(src, new_src) ||
+		!dst->ip_equals(dst, new_dst))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x: address changes"
+				" are not supported", ntohl(spi));
+		return NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	/* because KLIPS does not allow us to change the NAT-T type in an SADB_UPDATE,
+	 * we can't update the SA if the encap flag has changed since installing it */
+	if (encap != new_encap)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x: change of UDP"
+				" encapsulation is not supported", ntohl(spi));
+		return NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "updating SAD entry with SPI %.8x from %#H..%#H to %#H..%#H",
+		 ntohl(spi), src, dst, new_src, new_dst);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_UPDATE;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_encrypt = SADB_EALG_AESCBC; /* ignored */
+	sa->sadb_sa_auth = SADB_AALG_SHA1HMAC; /* ignored */
+	sa->sadb_sa_state = SADB_SASTATE_MATURE;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+
+	add_encap_ext(msg, new_src, new_dst, TRUE);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, mark_t mark, u_int64_t *bytes)
+{
+	return NOT_SUPPORTED;  /* TODO */
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, u_int16_t cpi, mark_t mark)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	sa_entry_t *cached_sa;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	/* all grouped SAs are automatically deleted by KLIPS as soon as
+	 * one of them is deleted, therefore we delete only the main one */
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	/* this should not fail, but we don't care if it does, let the kernel decide
+	 * whether this SA exists or not */
+	if (this->installed_sas->find_first(this->installed_sas,
+			(linked_list_match_t)sa_entry_match_bydst, (void**)&cached_sa,
+			&protocol, &spi, dst) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		this->installed_sas->remove(this->installed_sas, cached_sa, NULL);
+		sa_entry_destroy(cached_sa);
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_DELETE;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	/* the kernel wants an SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC to be present even though
+	 * it is not used for anything. */
+	add_anyaddr_ext(msg, dst->get_family(dst), SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleted SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts,
+	policy_dir_t direction, policy_type_t type, ipsec_sa_cfg_t *sa,
+	mark_t mark, bool routed)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	u_int32_t spi;
+	u_int8_t satype;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (direction == POLICY_FWD)
+	{
+		/* no forward policies for KLIPS */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	/* tunnel mode policies direct the packets into the pseudo IPIP SA */
+	satype = (sa->mode == MODE_TUNNEL) ? SADB_X_SATYPE_IPIP
+									   : proto2satype(sa->esp.use ? IPPROTO_ESP
+																  : IPPROTO_AH);
+	spi = sa->esp.use ? sa->esp.spi : sa->ah.spi;
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		/* use existing policy */
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy %R === %R %N already exists, increasing"
+					  " refcount", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		policy = found;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* apply the new one, if we have no such policy */
+		this->policies->insert_last(this->policies, policy);
+	}
+
+	if (routed)
+	{
+		/* we install this as a %trap eroute in the kernel, later to be
+		 * triggered by packets matching the policy (-> ACQUIRE). */
+		spi = htonl(SPI_TRAP);
+		satype = SADB_X_SATYPE_INT;
+
+		/* the reqid is always set to the latest child SA that trapped this
+		 * policy. we will need this reqid upon receiving an acquire. */
+		policy->reqid = sa->reqid;
+
+		/* increase the trap counter */
+		policy->trapcount++;
+
+		if (policy->activecount)
+		{
+			/* we do not replace the current policy in the kernel while a
+			 * policy is actively used */
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* increase the reference counter */
+		policy->activecount++;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+
+	/* FIXME: SADB_X_SAFLAGS_INFLOW may be required, if we add an inbound policy for an IPIP SA */
+	build_addflow(msg, satype, spi, routed ? NULL : src, routed ? NULL : dst,
+			policy->src.net, policy->src.mask, policy->dst.net, policy->dst.mask,
+			policy->src.proto, found != NULL);
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* we try to find the policy again and install the route if needed */
+	if (this->policies->find_last(this->policies, NULL, (void**)&policy) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "the policy %R === %R %N is already gone, ignoring",
+				src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	/* KLIPS requires a special route that directs traffic that matches this
+	 * policy to one of the virtual ipsec interfaces. The virtual interface
+	 * has to be attached to the physical one the traffic runs over.
+	 * This is a special case of the source route we install in other kernel
+	 * interfaces.
+	 * In the following cases we do NOT install a source route (but just a
+	 * regular route):
+	 * - we are not in tunnel mode
+	 * - we are using IPv6 (does not work correctly yet!)
+	 * - routing is disabled via strongswan.conf
+	 */
+	if (policy->route == NULL && direction == POLICY_OUT)
+	{
+		char *iface;
+		ipsec_dev_t *dev;
+		route_entry_t *route = malloc_thing(route_entry_t);
+		route->src_ip = NULL;
+
+		if (sa->mode != MODE_TRANSPORT && src->get_family(src) != AF_INET6 &&
+			this->install_routes)
+		{
+			hydra->kernel_interface->get_address_by_ts(hydra->kernel_interface,
+													   src_ts, &route->src_ip);
+		}
+
+		if (!route->src_ip)
+		{
+			route->src_ip = host_create_any(src->get_family(src));
+		}
+
+		/* find the virtual interface */
+		iface = hydra->kernel_interface->get_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+													   src);
+		if (find_ipsec_dev(this, iface, &dev) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			/* above, we got either the name of a virtual or a physical
+			 * interface. for both cases it means we already have the devices
+			 * properly attached (assuming that we are exclusively attaching
+			 * ipsec devices). */
+			dev->refcount++;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* there is no record of a mapping with the returned interface.
+			 * thus, we attach the first free virtual interface we find to
+			 * it. As above we assume we are the only client fiddling with
+			 * ipsec devices. */
+			if (this->ipsec_devices->find_first(this->ipsec_devices,
+					(linked_list_match_t)ipsec_dev_match_free,
+						(void**)&dev) == SUCCESS)
+			{
+				if (attach_ipsec_dev(dev->name, iface) == SUCCESS)
+				{
+					strncpy(dev->phys_name, iface, IFNAMSIZ);
+					dev->refcount = 1;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "failed to attach virtual interface %s"
+							" to %s", dev->name, iface);
+					this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+					free(iface);
+					return FAILED;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "failed to attach a virtual interface to %s: no"
+						" virtual interfaces left", iface);
+				free(iface);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+		}
+		free(iface);
+		route->if_name = strdup(dev->name);
+
+		/* get the nexthop to dst */
+		route->gateway = hydra->kernel_interface->get_nexthop(
+												hydra->kernel_interface, dst);
+		route->dst_net = chunk_clone(policy->dst.net->get_address(policy->dst.net));
+		route->prefixlen = policy->dst.mask;
+
+		switch (hydra->kernel_interface->add_route(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				route->dst_net, route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+				route->src_ip, route->if_name))
+		{
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to install route for policy %R === %R",
+					 src_ts, dst_ts);
+				/* FALL */
+			case ALREADY_DONE:
+				/* route exists, do not uninstall */
+				route_entry_destroy(route);
+				break;
+			case SUCCESS:
+				/* cache the installed route */
+				policy->route = route;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	u_int32_t *use_time)
+{
+	#define IDLE_PREFIX "idle="
+	static const char *path_eroute = "/proc/net/ipsec_eroute";
+	static const char *path_spi = "/proc/net/ipsec_spi";
+	FILE *file;
+	char line[1024], src[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 9], dst[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 9];
+	char *said = NULL, *pos;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	status_t status = FAILED;
+
+	if (direction == POLICY_FWD)
+	{
+		/* we do not install forward policies */
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N failed, not found", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+	policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+	policy = found;
+
+	/* src and dst selectors in KLIPS are of the form NET_ADDR/NETBITS:PROTO */
+	snprintf(src, sizeof(src), "%H/%d:%d", policy->src.net, policy->src.mask,
+			policy->src.proto);
+	src[sizeof(src) - 1] = '\0';
+	snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst), "%H/%d:%d", policy->dst.net, policy->dst.mask,
+			policy->dst.proto);
+	dst[sizeof(dst) - 1] = '\0';
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* we try to find the matching eroute first */
+	file = fopen(path_eroute, "r");
+	if (file == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts,
+				dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction, strerror(errno), errno);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* read line by line where each line looks like:
+	 * packets  src  ->  dst  =>  said */
+	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), file))
+	{
+		enumerator_t *enumerator;
+		char *token;
+		int i = 0;
+
+		enumerator = enumerator_create_token(line, " \t", " \t\n");
+		while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &token))
+		{
+			switch (i++)
+			{
+				case 0: /* packets */
+					continue;
+				case 1: /* src */
+					if (streq(token, src))
+					{
+						continue;
+					}
+					break;
+				case 2: /* -> */
+					continue;
+				case 3: /* dst */
+					if (streq(token, dst))
+					{
+						continue;
+					}
+					break;
+				case 4: /* => */
+					continue;
+				case 5: /* said */
+					said = strdup(token);
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+
+		if (i == 5)
+		{
+			/* eroute matched */
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(file);
+
+	if (said == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: found no matching"
+				" eroute", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* compared with the one in the spi entry the SA ID from the eroute entry
+	 * has an additional ":PROTO" appended, which we need to cut off */
+	pos = strrchr(said, ':');
+	*pos = '\0';
+
+	/* now we try to find the matching spi entry */
+	file = fopen(path_spi, "r");
+	if (file == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts,
+				dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction, strerror(errno), errno);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), file))
+	{
+		if (strneq(line, said, strlen(said)))
+		{
+			/* fine we found the correct line, now find the idle time */
+			u_int32_t idle_time;
+			pos = strstr(line, IDLE_PREFIX);
+			if (pos == NULL)
+			{
+				/* no idle time, i.e. this SA has not been used yet */
+				break;
+			}
+			if (sscanf(pos, IDLE_PREFIX"%u", &idle_time) <= 0)
+			{
+				/* idle time not valid */
+				break;
+			}
+
+			*use_time = time_monotonic(NULL) - idle_time;
+			status = SUCCESS;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(file);
+	free(said);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	bool unrouted)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request, *out;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	route_entry_t *route;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (direction == POLICY_FWD)
+	{
+		/* no forward policies for KLIPS */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N failed, not found", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+	policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+
+	/* decrease appropriate counter */
+	unrouted ? found->trapcount-- : found->activecount--;
+
+	if (found->trapcount == 0)
+	{
+		/* if this policy is finally unrouted, we reset the reqid because it
+		 * may still be actively used and there might be a pending acquire for
+		 * this policy. */
+		found->reqid = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (found->activecount > 0)
+	{
+		/* is still used by SAs, keep in kernel */
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy still used by another CHILD_SA, not removed");
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+	else if (found->activecount == 0 && found->trapcount > 0)
+	{
+		/* for a policy that is not used actively anymore, but is still trapped
+		 * by another child SA we replace the current eroute with a %trap eroute */
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy still routed by another CHILD_SA, not removed");
+		memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+		build_addflow(msg, SADB_X_SATYPE_INT, htonl(SPI_TRAP), NULL, NULL,
+				found->src.net, found->src.mask, found->dst.net,
+				found->dst.mask, found->src.proto, TRUE);
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		return pfkey_send_ack(this, msg);
+	}
+
+	/* remove if last reference */
+	this->policies->remove(this->policies, found, NULL);
+	policy = found;
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	build_delflow(msg, 0, policy->src.net, policy->src.mask, policy->dst.net,
+			policy->dst.mask, policy->src.proto);
+
+	route = policy->route;
+	policy->route = NULL;
+	policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	if (route)
+	{
+		ipsec_dev_t *dev;
+
+		if (hydra->kernel_interface->del_route(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				route->dst_net, route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+				route->src_ip, route->if_name) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error uninstalling route installed with"
+						  " policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+						   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+
+		/* we have to detach the ipsec interface from the physical one over which
+		 * this SA ran (if it is not used by any other) */
+		this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+
+		if (find_ipsec_dev(this, route->if_name, &dev) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			/* fine, we found a matching device object, let's check if we have
+			 * to detach it. */
+			if (--dev->refcount == 0)
+			{
+				if (detach_ipsec_dev(dev->name, dev->phys_name) != SUCCESS)
+				{
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "failed to detach virtual interface %s"
+							" from %s", dev->name, dev->phys_name);
+				}
+				dev->phys_name[0] = '\0';
+			}
+		}
+
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+		route_entry_destroy(route);
+	}
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the list of ipsec devices
+ */
+static void init_ipsec_devices(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	int i, count = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
+						"%s.plugins.kernel-klips.ipsec_dev_count",
+						DEFAULT_IPSEC_DEV_COUNT, hydra->daemon);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+	{
+		ipsec_dev_t *dev = malloc_thing(ipsec_dev_t);
+		snprintf(dev->name, IFNAMSIZ, IPSEC_DEV_PREFIX"%d", i);
+		dev->name[IFNAMSIZ - 1] = '\0';
+		dev->phys_name[0] = '\0';
+		dev->refcount = 0;
+		this->ipsec_devices->insert_last(this->ipsec_devices, dev);
+
+		/* detach any previously attached ipsec device */
+		detach_ipsec_dev(dev->name, dev->phys_name);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Register a socket for AQUIRE/EXPIRE messages
+ */
+static status_t register_pfkey_socket(private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, u_int8_t satype)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_REGISTER;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = satype;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	if (pfkey_send_socket(this, this->socket_events, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY socket");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY socket: %s (%d)",
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, bypass_socket, bool,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this, int fd, int family)
+{
+	/* KLIPS does not need a bypass policy for IKE */
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, destroy, void,
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_events > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_events);
+	}
+	this->mutex_pfkey->destroy(this->mutex_pfkey);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	this->ipsec_devices->destroy_function(this->ipsec_devices, (void*)ipsec_dev_destroy);
+	this->installed_sas->destroy_function(this->installed_sas, (void*)sa_entry_destroy);
+	this->allocated_spis->destroy_function(this->allocated_spis, (void*)sa_entry_destroy);
+	this->policies->destroy_function(this->policies, (void*)policy_entry_destroy);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_klips_ipsec_t *kernel_klips_ipsec_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_klips_ipsec_t *this;
+
+	INIT(this,
+		.public = {
+			.interface = {
+				.get_spi = _get_spi,
+				.get_cpi = _get_cpi,
+				.add_sa  = _add_sa,
+				.update_sa = _update_sa,
+				.query_sa = _query_sa,
+				.del_sa = _del_sa,
+				.add_policy = _add_policy,
+				.query_policy = _query_policy,
+				.del_policy = _del_policy,
+				.bypass_socket = _bypass_socket,
+				.destroy = _destroy,
+			},
+		},
+		.policies = linked_list_create(),
+		.allocated_spis = linked_list_create(),
+		.installed_sas = linked_list_create(),
+		.ipsec_devices = linked_list_create(),
+		.mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.mutex_pfkey = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.install_routes = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+												  "%s.install_routes", TRUE,
+												  hydra->daemon),
+	);
+
+	/* initialize ipsec devices */
+	init_ipsec_devices(this);
+
+	/* create a PF_KEY socket to communicate with the kernel */
+	this->socket = socket(PF_KEY, SOCK_RAW, PF_KEY_V2);
+	if (this->socket <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_KEY socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* create a PF_KEY socket for ACQUIRE & EXPIRE */
+	this->socket_events = socket(PF_KEY, SOCK_RAW, PF_KEY_V2);
+	if (this->socket_events <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_KEY event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* register the event socket */
+	if (register_pfkey_socket(this, SADB_SATYPE_ESP) != SUCCESS ||
+		register_pfkey_socket(this, SADB_SATYPE_AH) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	lib->processor->queue_job(lib->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..306ec0ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_ipsec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_klips_ipsec_i kernel_klips_ipsec
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_klips
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_KLIPS_IPSEC_H_
+#define KERNEL_KLIPS_IPSEC_H_
+
+#include <kernel/kernel_ipsec.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_klips_ipsec_t kernel_klips_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the kernel ipsec interface using PF_KEY.
+ */
+struct kernel_klips_ipsec_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Implements kernel_ipsec_t interface
+	 */
+	kernel_ipsec_t interface;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a PF_KEY kernel ipsec interface instance.
+ *
+ * @return			kernel_klips_ipsec_t instance
+ */
+kernel_klips_ipsec_t *kernel_klips_ipsec_create();
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_KLIPS_IPSEC_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a22835c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+
+#include "kernel_klips_plugin.h"
+
+#include "kernel_klips_ipsec.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_klips_plugin_t private_kernel_klips_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * private data of kernel PF_KEY plugin
+ */
+struct private_kernel_klips_plugin_t {
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	kernel_klips_plugin_t public;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of plugin_t.destroy
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_klips_plugin_t *this)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->remove_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_klips_ipsec_create);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * see header file
+ */
+plugin_t *kernel_klips_plugin_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_klips_plugin_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_klips_plugin_t);
+
+	this->public.plugin.destroy = (void(*)(plugin_t*))destroy;
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->add_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_klips_ipsec_create);
+
+	return &this->public.plugin;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8dd386a66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/kernel_klips_plugin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_klips kernel_klips
+ * @ingroup hplugins
+ *
+ * @defgroup kernel_klips_plugin kernel_klips_plugin
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_klips
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_KLIPS_PLUGIN_H_
+#define KERNEL_KLIPS_PLUGIN_H_
+
+#include <plugins/plugin.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_klips_plugin_t kernel_klips_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * PF_KEY kernel interface plugin
+ */
+struct kernel_klips_plugin_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	plugin_t plugin;
+};
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_KLIPS_PLUGIN_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/pfkeyv2.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/pfkeyv2.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20d1c298d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_klips/pfkeyv2.h
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/*
+RFC 2367               PF_KEY Key Management API               July 1998
+
+
+Appendix D: Sample Header File
+
+This file defines structures and symbols for the PF_KEY Version 2
+key management interface. It was written at the U.S. Naval Research
+Laboratory. This file is in the public domain. The authors ask that
+you leave this credit intact on any copies of this file.
+*/
+#ifndef __PFKEY_V2_H
+#define __PFKEY_V2_H 1
+
+#define PF_KEY_V2 2
+#define PFKEYV2_REVISION        199806L
+
+#define SADB_RESERVED    0
+#define SADB_GETSPI      1
+#define SADB_UPDATE      2
+#define SADB_ADD         3
+#define SADB_DELETE      4
+#define SADB_GET         5
+#define SADB_ACQUIRE     6
+#define SADB_REGISTER    7
+#define SADB_EXPIRE      8
+#define SADB_FLUSH       9
+#define SADB_DUMP       10
+#define SADB_X_PROMISC  11
+#define SADB_X_PCHANGE  12
+#define SADB_X_GRPSA    13
+#define SADB_X_ADDFLOW	14
+#define SADB_X_DELFLOW	15
+#define SADB_X_DEBUG	16
+#define SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING  17
+#define SADB_MAX                  17
+
+struct sadb_msg {
+  uint8_t sadb_msg_version;
+  uint8_t sadb_msg_type;
+  uint8_t sadb_msg_errno;
+  uint8_t sadb_msg_satype;
+  uint16_t sadb_msg_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_msg_reserved;
+  uint32_t sadb_msg_seq;
+  uint32_t sadb_msg_pid;
+};
+
+struct sadb_ext {
+  uint16_t sadb_ext_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_ext_type;
+};
+
+struct sadb_sa {
+  uint16_t sadb_sa_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_sa_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_sa_spi;
+  uint8_t sadb_sa_replay;
+  uint8_t sadb_sa_state;
+  uint8_t sadb_sa_auth;
+  uint8_t sadb_sa_encrypt;
+  uint32_t sadb_sa_flags;
+};
+
+struct sadb_lifetime {
+  uint16_t sadb_lifetime_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_lifetime_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_lifetime_allocations;
+  uint64_t sadb_lifetime_bytes;
+  uint64_t sadb_lifetime_addtime;
+  uint64_t sadb_lifetime_usetime;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_lifetime_packets;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_lifetime_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_address {
+  uint16_t sadb_address_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_address_exttype;
+  uint8_t sadb_address_proto;
+  uint8_t sadb_address_prefixlen;
+  uint16_t sadb_address_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_key {
+  uint16_t sadb_key_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_key_exttype;
+  uint16_t sadb_key_bits;
+  uint16_t sadb_key_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_ident {
+  uint16_t sadb_ident_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_ident_exttype;
+  uint16_t sadb_ident_type;
+  uint16_t sadb_ident_reserved;
+  uint64_t sadb_ident_id;
+};
+
+struct sadb_sens {
+  uint16_t sadb_sens_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_sens_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_sens_dpd;
+  uint8_t sadb_sens_sens_level;
+  uint8_t sadb_sens_sens_len;
+  uint8_t sadb_sens_integ_level;
+  uint8_t sadb_sens_integ_len;
+  uint32_t sadb_sens_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_prop {
+  uint16_t sadb_prop_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_prop_exttype;
+  uint8_t sadb_prop_replay;
+  uint8_t sadb_prop_reserved[3];
+};
+
+struct sadb_comb {
+  uint8_t sadb_comb_auth;
+  uint8_t sadb_comb_encrypt;
+  uint16_t sadb_comb_flags;
+  uint16_t sadb_comb_auth_minbits;
+  uint16_t sadb_comb_auth_maxbits;
+  uint16_t sadb_comb_encrypt_minbits;
+  uint16_t sadb_comb_encrypt_maxbits;
+  uint32_t sadb_comb_reserved;
+  uint32_t sadb_comb_soft_allocations;
+  uint32_t sadb_comb_hard_allocations;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_soft_bytes;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_hard_bytes;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_soft_addtime;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_hard_addtime;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_soft_usetime;
+  uint64_t sadb_comb_hard_usetime;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_comb_soft_packets;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_comb_hard_packets;
+};
+
+struct sadb_supported {
+  uint16_t sadb_supported_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_supported_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_supported_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_alg {
+  uint8_t sadb_alg_id;
+  uint8_t sadb_alg_ivlen;
+  uint16_t sadb_alg_minbits;
+  uint16_t sadb_alg_maxbits;
+  uint16_t sadb_alg_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_spirange {
+  uint16_t sadb_spirange_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_spirange_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_spirange_min;
+  uint32_t sadb_spirange_max;
+  uint32_t sadb_spirange_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_x_kmprivate {
+  uint16_t sadb_x_kmprivate_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_kmprivate_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_kmprivate_reserved;
+};
+
+struct sadb_x_satype {
+  uint16_t sadb_x_satype_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_satype_exttype;
+  uint8_t sadb_x_satype_satype;
+  uint8_t sadb_x_satype_reserved[3];
+};
+
+struct sadb_x_debug {
+  uint16_t sadb_x_debug_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_debug_exttype;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_tunnel;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_netlink;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_xform;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_eroute;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_spi;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_radij;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_esp;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_ah;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_rcv;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_pfkey;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_ipcomp;
+  uint32_t sadb_x_debug_verbose;
+  uint8_t sadb_x_debug_reserved[4];
+};
+
+struct sadb_x_nat_t_type {
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_type_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_type_exttype;
+  uint8_t sadb_x_nat_t_type_type;
+  uint8_t sadb_x_nat_t_type_reserved[3];
+};
+struct sadb_x_nat_t_port {
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_port_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_port_exttype;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_port_port;
+  uint16_t sadb_x_nat_t_port_reserved;
+};
+
+/*
+ * A protocol structure for passing through the transport level
+ * protocol.  It contains more fields than are actually used/needed
+ * but it is this way to be compatible with the structure used in
+ * OpenBSD (http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/net/pfkeyv2.h)
+ */
+struct sadb_protocol {
+  uint16_t sadb_protocol_len;
+  uint16_t sadb_protocol_exttype;
+  uint8_t  sadb_protocol_proto;
+  uint8_t  sadb_protocol_direction;
+  uint8_t  sadb_protocol_flags;
+  uint8_t  sadb_protocol_reserved2;
+};
+
+#define SADB_EXT_RESERVED             0
+#define SADB_EXT_SA                   1
+#define SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_CURRENT     2
+#define SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD        3
+#define SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT        4
+#define SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC          5
+#define SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST          6
+#define SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_PROXY        7
+#define SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH             8
+#define SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT          9
+#define SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC         10
+#define SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_DST         11
+#define SADB_EXT_SENSITIVITY          12
+#define SADB_EXT_PROPOSAL             13
+#define SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_AUTH       14
+#define SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_ENCRYPT    15
+#define SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE             16
+#define SADB_X_EXT_KMPRIVATE          17
+#define SADB_X_EXT_SATYPE2            18
+#define SADB_X_EXT_SA2                19
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST2       20
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_FLOW   21
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_FLOW   22
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_MASK   23
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_MASK   24
+#define SADB_X_EXT_DEBUG              25
+#define SADB_X_EXT_PROTOCOL           26
+#define SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE         27
+#define SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT        28
+#define SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT        29
+#define SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_OA           30
+#define SADB_EXT_MAX                  30
+
+/* SADB_X_DELFLOW required over and above SADB_X_SAFLAGS_CLEARFLOW */
+#define SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DELFLOW \
+	( (1<<SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_FLOW) \
+	| (1<<SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_FLOW) \
+	| (1<<SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC_MASK) \
+	| (1<<SADB_X_EXT_ADDRESS_DST_MASK))
+
+#define SADB_SATYPE_UNSPEC    0
+#define SADB_SATYPE_AH        2
+#define SADB_SATYPE_ESP       3
+#define SADB_SATYPE_RSVP      5
+#define SADB_SATYPE_OSPFV2    6
+#define SADB_SATYPE_RIPV2     7
+#define SADB_SATYPE_MIP       8
+#define SADB_X_SATYPE_IPIP    9
+#define SADB_X_SATYPE_COMP    10
+#define SADB_X_SATYPE_INT     11
+#define SADB_SATYPE_MAX       11
+
+#define SADB_SASTATE_LARVAL   0
+#define SADB_SASTATE_MATURE   1
+#define SADB_SASTATE_DYING    2
+#define SADB_SASTATE_DEAD     3
+#define SADB_SASTATE_MAX      3
+
+#define SADB_SAFLAGS_PFS		1
+#define SADB_X_SAFLAGS_REPLACEFLOW	2
+#define SADB_X_SAFLAGS_CLEARFLOW	4
+#define SADB_X_SAFLAGS_INFLOW		8
+
+#define SADB_AALG_NONE        0
+#define SADB_AALG_MD5HMAC     2
+#define SADB_AALG_SHA1HMAC    3
+#define	SADB_AALG_SHA256_HMAC    5
+#define	SADB_AALG_SHA384_HMAC    6
+#define	SADB_AALG_SHA512_HMAC    7
+#define	SADB_AALG_RIPEMD160HMAC      8
+#define	SADB_AALG_MAX         15
+
+#define SADB_EALG_NONE        0
+#define SADB_EALG_DESCBC      2
+#define SADB_EALG_3DESCBC     3
+#define SADB_EALG_BFCBC	      7
+#define SADB_EALG_NULL        11
+#define SADB_EALG_AESCBC      12
+#define SADB_EALG_MAX         255
+
+#define SADB_X_CALG_NONE          0
+#define SADB_X_CALG_OUI           1
+#define SADB_X_CALG_DEFLATE       2
+#define SADB_X_CALG_LZS           3
+#define SADB_X_CALG_V42BIS        4
+#define SADB_X_CALG_MAX           4
+
+#define SADB_X_TALG_NONE          0
+#define SADB_X_TALG_IPv4_in_IPv4  1
+#define SADB_X_TALG_IPv6_in_IPv4  2
+#define SADB_X_TALG_IPv4_in_IPv6  3
+#define SADB_X_TALG_IPv6_in_IPv6  4
+#define SADB_X_TALG_MAX           4
+
+
+#define SADB_IDENTTYPE_RESERVED   0
+#define SADB_IDENTTYPE_PREFIX     1
+#define SADB_IDENTTYPE_FQDN       2
+#define SADB_IDENTTYPE_USERFQDN   3
+#define SADB_X_IDENTTYPE_CONNECTION 4
+#define SADB_IDENTTYPE_MAX        4
+
+#define SADB_KEY_FLAGS_MAX     0
+#endif /* __PFKEY_V2_H */
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ad379421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+INCLUDES = -I${linux_headers} -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan \
+	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic \
+-DROUTING_TABLE=${routing_table} \
+-DROUTING_TABLE_PRIO=${routing_table_prio}
+
+if MONOLITHIC
+noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-netlink.la
+else
+plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-netlink.la
+endif
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_netlink_plugin.h kernel_netlink_plugin.c \
+	kernel_netlink_ipsec.h kernel_netlink_ipsec.c \
+	kernel_netlink_net.h kernel_netlink_net.c \
+	kernel_netlink_shared.h kernel_netlink_shared.c
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d41ee1456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,614 @@
+# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.11.1 from Makefile.am.
+# @configure_input@
+
+# Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
+# 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009  Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc.
+# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without
+# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
+# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+@SET_MAKE@
+
+VPATH = @srcdir@
+pkgdatadir = $(datadir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkgincludedir = $(includedir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibdir = $(libdir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibexecdir = $(libexecdir)/@PACKAGE@
+am__cd = CDPATH="$${ZSH_VERSION+.}$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" && cd
+install_sh_DATA = $(install_sh) -c -m 644
+install_sh_PROGRAM = $(install_sh) -c
+install_sh_SCRIPT = $(install_sh) -c
+INSTALL_HEADER = $(INSTALL_DATA)
+transform = $(program_transform_name)
+NORMAL_INSTALL = :
+PRE_INSTALL = :
+POST_INSTALL = :
+NORMAL_UNINSTALL = :
+PRE_UNINSTALL = :
+POST_UNINSTALL = :
+build_triplet = @build@
+host_triplet = @host@
+subdir = src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink
+DIST_COMMON = $(srcdir)/Makefile.am $(srcdir)/Makefile.in
+ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4
+am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltoptions.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltsugar.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltversion.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
+am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
+	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
+mkinstalldirs = $(install_sh) -d
+CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES =
+CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES =
+am__vpath_adj_setup = srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`;
+am__vpath_adj = case $$p in \
+    $(srcdir)/*) f=`echo "$$p" | sed "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||"`;; \
+    *) f=$$p;; \
+  esac;
+am__strip_dir = f=`echo $$p | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`;
+am__install_max = 40
+am__nobase_strip_setup = \
+  srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*|]/\\\\&/g'`
+am__nobase_strip = \
+  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p"; done | sed -e "s|$$srcdirstrip/||"
+am__nobase_list = $(am__nobase_strip_setup); \
+  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p $$p"; done | \
+  sed "s| $$srcdirstrip/| |;"' / .*\//!s/ .*/ ./; s,\( .*\)/[^/]*$$,\1,' | \
+  $(AWK) 'BEGIN { files["."] = "" } { files[$$2] = files[$$2] " " $$1; \
+    if (++n[$$2] == $(am__install_max)) \
+      { print $$2, files[$$2]; n[$$2] = 0; files[$$2] = "" } } \
+    END { for (dir in files) print dir, files[dir] }'
+am__base_list = \
+  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g' | \
+  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g'
+am__installdirs = "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"
+LTLIBRARIES = $(noinst_LTLIBRARIES) $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
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+	kernel_netlink_ipsec.lo kernel_netlink_net.lo \
+	kernel_netlink_shared.lo
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+	$(am_libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_OBJECTS)
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+	$(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=link $(CCLD) \
+	$(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) \
+	$(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@am_libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_rpath = -rpath \
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@	$(plugindir)
+@MONOLITHIC_TRUE@am_libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_rpath =
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+	--mode=compile $(CC) $(DEFS) $(DEFAULT_INCLUDES) $(INCLUDES) \
+	$(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
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+	--mode=link $(CCLD) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(AM_LDFLAGS) \
+	$(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+SOURCES = $(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_SOURCES)
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+xml_LIBS = @xml_LIBS@
+INCLUDES = -I${linux_headers} -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan \
+	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic \
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+-DROUTING_TABLE_PRIO=${routing_table_prio}
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+@MONOLITHIC_TRUE@noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-netlink.la
+@MONOLITHIC_FALSE@plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-netlink.la
+libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_netlink_plugin.h kernel_netlink_plugin.c \
+	kernel_netlink_ipsec.h kernel_netlink_ipsec.c \
+	kernel_netlink_net.h kernel_netlink_net.c \
+	kernel_netlink_shared.h kernel_netlink_shared.c
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
+all: all-am
+
+.SUFFIXES:
+.SUFFIXES: .c .lo .o .obj
+$(srcdir)/Makefile.in:  $(srcdir)/Makefile.am  $(am__configure_deps)
+	@for dep in $?; do \
+	  case '$(am__configure_deps)' in \
+	    *$$dep*) \
+	      ( cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh ) \
+	        && { if test -f $@; then exit 0; else break; fi; }; \
+	      exit 1;; \
+	  esac; \
+	done; \
+	echo ' cd $(top_srcdir) && $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile'; \
+	$(am__cd) $(top_srcdir) && \
+	  $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/Makefile
+.PRECIOUS: Makefile
+Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status
+	@case '$?' in \
+	  *config.status*) \
+	    cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \
+	  *) \
+	    echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \
+	    cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \
+	esac;
+
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+	cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh
+
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+	cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh
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+	cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh
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+clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES:
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+	@list='$(noinst_LTLIBRARIES)'; for p in $$list; do \
+	  dir="`echo $$p | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$$||'`"; \
+	  test "$$dir" != "$$p" || dir=.; \
+	  echo "rm -f \"$${dir}/so_locations\""; \
+	  rm -f "$${dir}/so_locations"; \
+	done
+install-pluginLTLIBRARIES: $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
+	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+	test -z "$(plugindir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"
+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; test -n "$(plugindir)" || list=; \
+	list2=; for p in $$list; do \
+	  if test -f $$p; then \
+	    list2="$$list2 $$p"; \
+	  else :; fi; \
+	done; \
+	test -z "$$list2" || { \
+	  echo " $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=install $(INSTALL) $(INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG) $$list2 '$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)'"; \
+	  $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=install $(INSTALL) $(INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG) $$list2 "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"; \
+	}
+
+uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES:
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+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; test -n "$(plugindir)" || list=; \
+	for p in $$list; do \
+	  $(am__strip_dir) \
+	  echo " $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=uninstall rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)/$$f'"; \
+	  $(LIBTOOL) $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=uninstall rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)/$$f"; \
+	done
+
+clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES:
+	-test -z "$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)" || rm -f $(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)
+	@list='$(plugin_LTLIBRARIES)'; for p in $$list; do \
+	  dir="`echo $$p | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$$||'`"; \
+	  test "$$dir" != "$$p" || dir=.; \
+	  echo "rm -f \"$${dir}/so_locations\""; \
+	  rm -f "$${dir}/so_locations"; \
+	done
+libstrongswan-kernel-netlink.la: $(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_OBJECTS) $(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
+	$(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_LINK) $(am_libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_rpath) $(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_OBJECTS) $(libstrongswan_kernel_netlink_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
+
+mostlyclean-compile:
+	-rm -f *.$(OBJEXT)
+
+distclean-compile:
+	-rm -f *.tab.c
+
+@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/kernel_netlink_ipsec.Plo@am__quote@
+@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/kernel_netlink_net.Plo@am__quote@
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+	  done | \
+	  $(AWK) '{ files[$$0] = 1; nonempty = 1; } \
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+	unique=`for i in $$list; do \
+	    if test -f "$$i"; then echo $$i; else echo $(srcdir)/$$i; fi; \
+	  done | \
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+	  done | \
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+distdir: $(DISTFILES)
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+	    || exit 1; \
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+	  `test -z '$(STRIP)' || \
+	    echo "INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV=STRIPPROG='$(STRIP)'"` install
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+clean-generic:
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+distclean-generic:
+	-test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)
+	-test . = "$(srcdir)" || test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)
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+
+clean-am: clean-generic clean-libtool clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES \
+	clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES mostlyclean-am
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+	install-exec-am install-html install-html-am install-info \
+	install-info-am install-man install-pdf install-pdf-am \
+	install-pluginLTLIBRARIES install-ps install-ps-am \
+	install-strip installcheck installcheck-am installdirs \
+	maintainer-clean maintainer-clean-generic mostlyclean \
+	mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-libtool \
+	pdf pdf-am ps ps-am tags uninstall uninstall-am \
+	uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES
+
+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8cc9a6283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2221 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2010 Tobias Brunner
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Martin Willi
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Andreas Steffen
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Fabian Hartmann, Noah Heusser
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Daniel Roethlisberger
+ * Copyright (C) 2005 Jan Hutter
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <linux/ipsec.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <linux/xfrm.h>
+#include <linux/udp.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_ipsec.h"
+#include "kernel_netlink_shared.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <utils/hashtable.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+
+/** required for Linux 2.6.26 kernel and later */
+#ifndef XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC
+#define XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC	32
+#endif
+
+/** from linux/in.h */
+#ifndef IP_XFRM_POLICY
+#define IP_XFRM_POLICY 17
+#endif
+
+/* missing on uclibc */
+#ifndef IPV6_XFRM_POLICY
+#define IPV6_XFRM_POLICY 34
+#endif /*IPV6_XFRM_POLICY*/
+
+/** default priority of installed policies */
+#define PRIO_LOW 3000
+#define PRIO_HIGH 2000
+
+/**
+ * map the limit for bytes and packets to XFRM_INF per default
+ */
+#define XFRM_LIMIT(x) ((x) == 0 ? XFRM_INF : (x))
+
+/**
+ * Create ORable bitfield of XFRM NL groups
+ */
+#define XFRMNLGRP(x) (1<<(XFRMNLGRP_##x-1))
+
+/**
+ * returns a pointer to the first rtattr following the nlmsghdr *nlh and the
+ * 'usual' netlink data x like 'struct xfrm_usersa_info'
+ */
+#define XFRM_RTA(nlh, x) ((struct rtattr*)(NLMSG_DATA(nlh) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(x))))
+/**
+ * returns a pointer to the next rtattr following rta.
+ * !!! do not use this to parse messages. use RTA_NEXT and RTA_OK instead !!!
+ */
+#define XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta) ((struct rtattr*)(((char*)(rta)) + RTA_ALIGN((rta)->rta_len)))
+/**
+ * returns the total size of attached rta data
+ * (after 'usual' netlink data x like 'struct xfrm_usersa_info')
+ */
+#define XFRM_PAYLOAD(nlh, x) NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nlh, sizeof(x))
+
+typedef struct kernel_algorithm_t kernel_algorithm_t;
+
+/**
+ * Mapping of IKEv2 kernel identifier to linux crypto API names
+ */
+struct kernel_algorithm_t {
+	/**
+	 * Identifier specified in IKEv2
+	 */
+	int ikev2;
+
+	/**
+	 * Name of the algorithm in linux crypto API
+	 */
+	char *name;
+};
+
+ENUM(xfrm_msg_names, XFRM_MSG_NEWSA, XFRM_MSG_MAPPING,
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_DELSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_ALLOCSPI",
+	"XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_UPDPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_UPDSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_POLEXPIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_FLUSHSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_FLUSHPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWAE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETAE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_REPORT",
+	"XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSADINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSADINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSPDINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSPDINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_MAPPING"
+);
+
+ENUM(xfrm_attr_type_names, XFRMA_UNSPEC, XFRMA_KMADDRESS,
+	"XFRMA_UNSPEC",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_AUTH",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_CRYPT",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_COMP",
+	"XFRMA_ENCAP",
+	"XFRMA_TMPL",
+	"XFRMA_SA",
+	"XFRMA_POLICY",
+	"XFRMA_SEC_CTX",
+	"XFRMA_LTIME_VAL",
+	"XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL",
+	"XFRMA_REPLAY_THRESH",
+	"XFRMA_ETIMER_THRESH",
+	"XFRMA_SRCADDR",
+	"XFRMA_COADDR",
+	"XFRMA_LASTUSED",
+	"XFRMA_POLICY_TYPE",
+	"XFRMA_MIGRATE",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_AEAD",
+	"XFRMA_KMADDRESS"
+);
+
+#define END_OF_LIST -1
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for encryption
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t encryption_algs[] = {
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV64,				"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_DES,					"des"				},
+	{ENCR_3DES,					"des3_ede"			},
+/*	{ENCR_RC5,					"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_IDEA,					"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_CAST,					"cast128"			},
+	{ENCR_BLOWFISH,				"blowfish"			},
+/*	{ENCR_3IDEA,				"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV32,				"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_NULL,					"cipher_null"		},
+	{ENCR_AES_CBC,				"aes"				},
+	{ENCR_AES_CTR,				"rfc3686(ctr(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8,			"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12,		"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16,		"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8,			"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12,		"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16,		"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_NULL_AUTH_AES_GMAC,	"rfc4543(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CBC,			"cbc(camellia)"		},
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CTR,			"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV8,	"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV12,	"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV16,	"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_SERPENT_CBC,			"serpent"			},
+	{ENCR_TWOFISH_CBC,			"twofish"			},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for integrity protection
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t integrity_algs[] = {
+	{AUTH_HMAC_MD5_96,			"md5"				},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA1_96,			"sha1"				},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_96,		"sha256"			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128,	"hmac(sha256)"		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_384_192,	"hmac(sha384)"		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_512_256,	"hmac(sha512)"		},
+/*	{AUTH_DES_MAC,				"***"				}, */
+/*	{AUTH_KPDK_MD5,				"***"				}, */
+	{AUTH_AES_XCBC_96,			"xcbc(aes)"			},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for IPComp
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t compression_algs[] = {
+/*	{IPCOMP_OUI,				"***"				}, */
+	{IPCOMP_DEFLATE,			"deflate"			},
+	{IPCOMP_LZS,				"lzs"				},
+	{IPCOMP_LZJH,				"lzjh"				},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Look up a kernel algorithm name and its key size
+ */
+static char* lookup_algorithm(kernel_algorithm_t *list, int ikev2)
+{
+	while (list->ikev2 != END_OF_LIST)
+	{
+		if (list->ikev2 == ikev2)
+		{
+			return list->name;
+		}
+		list++;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+typedef struct route_entry_t route_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed routing entry
+ */
+struct route_entry_t {
+	/** Name of the interface the route is bound to */
+	char *if_name;
+
+	/** Source ip of the route */
+	host_t *src_ip;
+
+	/** gateway for this route */
+	host_t *gateway;
+
+	/** Destination net */
+	chunk_t dst_net;
+
+	/** Destination net prefixlen */
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an route_entry_t object
+ */
+static void route_entry_destroy(route_entry_t *this)
+{
+	free(this->if_name);
+	this->src_ip->destroy(this->src_ip);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->gateway);
+	chunk_free(&this->dst_net);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct policy_entry_t policy_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed kernel policy.
+ */
+struct policy_entry_t {
+
+	/** direction of this policy: in, out, forward */
+	u_int8_t direction;
+
+	/** parameters of installed policy */
+	struct xfrm_selector sel;
+
+	/** optional mark */
+	u_int32_t mark;
+
+	/** associated route installed for this policy */
+	route_entry_t *route;
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this policy is used */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Hash function for policy_entry_t objects
+ */
+static u_int policy_hash(policy_entry_t *key)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk = chunk_create((void*)&key->sel,
+							sizeof(struct xfrm_selector) + sizeof(u_int32_t));
+	return chunk_hash(chunk);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Equality function for policy_entry_t objects
+ */
+static bool policy_equals(policy_entry_t *key, policy_entry_t *other_key)
+{
+	return memeq(&key->sel, &other_key->sel,
+				 sizeof(struct xfrm_selector) + sizeof(u_int32_t)) &&
+		   key->direction == other_key->direction;
+}
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_netlink class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t {
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_netlink_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_netlink_ipsec_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * Hash table of installed policies (policy_entry_t)
+	 */
+	hashtable_t *policies;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving netlink events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * Netlink xfrm socket (IPsec)
+	 */
+	netlink_socket_t *socket_xfrm;
+
+	/**
+	 * netlink xfrm socket to receive acquire and expire events
+	 */
+	int socket_xfrm_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to install routes along policies
+	 */
+	bool install_routes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * convert the general ipsec mode to the one defined in xfrm.h
+ */
+static u_int8_t mode2kernel(ipsec_mode_t mode)
+{
+	switch (mode)
+	{
+		case MODE_TRANSPORT:
+			return XFRM_MODE_TRANSPORT;
+		case MODE_TUNNEL:
+			return XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL;
+		case MODE_BEET:
+			return XFRM_MODE_BEET;
+		default:
+			return mode;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a host_t to a struct xfrm_address
+ */
+static void host2xfrm(host_t *host, xfrm_address_t *xfrm)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk = host->get_address(host);
+	memcpy(xfrm, chunk.ptr, min(chunk.len, sizeof(xfrm_address_t)));
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a struct xfrm_address to a host_t
+ */
+static host_t* xfrm2host(int family, xfrm_address_t *xfrm, u_int16_t port)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk;
+
+	switch (family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+			chunk = chunk_create((u_char*)&xfrm->a4, sizeof(xfrm->a4));
+			break;
+		case AF_INET6:
+			chunk = chunk_create((u_char*)&xfrm->a6, sizeof(xfrm->a6));
+			break;
+		default:
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	return host_create_from_chunk(family, chunk, ntohs(port));
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a traffic selector address range to subnet and its mask.
+ */
+static void ts2subnet(traffic_selector_t* ts,
+					  xfrm_address_t *net, u_int8_t *mask)
+{
+	host_t *net_host;
+	chunk_t net_chunk;
+
+	ts->to_subnet(ts, &net_host, mask);
+	net_chunk = net_host->get_address(net_host);
+	memcpy(net, net_chunk.ptr, net_chunk.len);
+	net_host->destroy(net_host);
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a traffic selector port range to port/portmask
+ */
+static void ts2ports(traffic_selector_t* ts,
+					 u_int16_t *port, u_int16_t *mask)
+{
+	/* linux does not seem to accept complex portmasks. Only
+	 * any or a specific port is allowed. We set to any, if we have
+	 * a port range, or to a specific, if we have one port only.
+	 */
+	u_int16_t from, to;
+
+	from = ts->get_from_port(ts);
+	to = ts->get_to_port(ts);
+
+	if (from == to)
+	{
+		*port = htons(from);
+		*mask = ~0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*port = 0;
+		*mask = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a pair of traffic_selectors to a xfrm_selector
+ */
+static struct xfrm_selector ts2selector(traffic_selector_t *src,
+										traffic_selector_t *dst)
+{
+	struct xfrm_selector sel;
+
+	memset(&sel, 0, sizeof(sel));
+	sel.family = (src->get_type(src) == TS_IPV4_ADDR_RANGE) ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
+	/* src or dest proto may be "any" (0), use more restrictive one */
+	sel.proto = max(src->get_protocol(src), dst->get_protocol(dst));
+	ts2subnet(dst, &sel.daddr, &sel.prefixlen_d);
+	ts2subnet(src, &sel.saddr, &sel.prefixlen_s);
+	ts2ports(dst, &sel.dport, &sel.dport_mask);
+	ts2ports(src, &sel.sport, &sel.sport_mask);
+	sel.ifindex = 0;
+	sel.user = 0;
+
+	return sel;
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a xfrm_selector to a src|dst traffic_selector
+ */
+static traffic_selector_t* selector2ts(struct xfrm_selector *sel, bool src)
+{
+	u_char *addr;
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+	u_int16_t port = 0;
+	host_t *host = NULL;
+
+	if (src)
+	{
+		addr = (u_char*)&sel->saddr;
+		prefixlen = sel->prefixlen_s;
+		if (sel->sport_mask)
+		{
+			port = htons(sel->sport);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		addr = (u_char*)&sel->daddr;
+		prefixlen = sel->prefixlen_d;
+		if (sel->dport_mask)
+		{
+			port = htons(sel->dport);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* The Linux 2.6 kernel does not set the selector's family field,
+	 * so as a kludge we additionally test the prefix length.
+	 */
+	if (sel->family == AF_INET || sel->prefixlen_s == 32)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(AF_INET, chunk_create(addr, 4), 0);
+	}
+	else if (sel->family == AF_INET6 || sel->prefixlen_s == 128)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(AF_INET6, chunk_create(addr, 16), 0);
+	}
+
+	if (host)
+	{
+		return traffic_selector_create_from_subnet(host, prefixlen,
+												   sel->proto, port);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_acquire(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	u_int32_t reqid = 0;
+	int proto = 0;
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	struct xfrm_user_acquire *acquire;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+
+	acquire = (struct xfrm_user_acquire*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_user_acquire);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(hdr, struct xfrm_user_acquire);
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE");
+
+	while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  %N", xfrm_attr_type_names, rta->rta_type);
+
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_TMPL)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_tmpl* tmpl;
+
+			tmpl = (struct xfrm_user_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			reqid = tmpl->reqid;
+			proto = tmpl->id.proto;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case 0:
+		case IPPROTO_ESP:
+		case IPPROTO_AH:
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* acquire for AH/ESP only, not for IPCOMP */
+			return;
+	}
+	src_ts = selector2ts(&acquire->sel, TRUE);
+	dst_ts = selector2ts(&acquire->sel, FALSE);
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->acquire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, src_ts,
+									 dst_ts);
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_expire(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	u_int8_t protocol;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	struct xfrm_user_expire *expire;
+
+	expire = (struct xfrm_user_expire*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	protocol = expire->state.id.proto;
+	spi = expire->state.id.spi;
+	reqid = expire->state.reqid;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE");
+
+	if (protocol != IPPROTO_ESP && protocol != IPPROTO_AH)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "ignoring XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE for SA with SPI %.8x and "
+					  "reqid {%u} which is not a CHILD_SA", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->expire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, protocol,
+									spi, expire->hard != 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_migrate(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	host_t *local = NULL, *remote = NULL;
+	host_t *old_src = NULL, *old_dst = NULL;
+	host_t *new_src = NULL, *new_dst = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+	u_int32_t reqid = 0;
+	policy_dir_t dir;
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	rta     = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE");
+
+	src_ts = selector2ts(&policy_id->sel, TRUE);
+	dst_ts = selector2ts(&policy_id->sel, FALSE);
+	dir = (policy_dir_t)policy_id->dir;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  policy: %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names);
+
+	while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  %N", xfrm_attr_type_names, rta->rta_type);
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_KMADDRESS)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_kmaddress *kmaddress;
+
+			kmaddress = (struct xfrm_user_kmaddress*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			local  = xfrm2host(kmaddress->family, &kmaddress->local, 0);
+			remote = xfrm2host(kmaddress->family, &kmaddress->remote, 0);
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  kmaddress: %H...%H", local, remote);
+		}
+		else if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_MIGRATE)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_migrate *migrate;
+
+			migrate = (struct xfrm_user_migrate*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			old_src = xfrm2host(migrate->old_family, &migrate->old_saddr, 0);
+			old_dst = xfrm2host(migrate->old_family, &migrate->old_daddr, 0);
+			new_src = xfrm2host(migrate->new_family, &migrate->new_saddr, 0);
+			new_dst = xfrm2host(migrate->new_family, &migrate->new_daddr, 0);
+			reqid = migrate->reqid;
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  migrate %H...%H to %H...%H, reqid {%u}",
+						  old_src, old_dst, new_src, new_dst, reqid);
+			DESTROY_IF(old_src);
+			DESTROY_IF(old_dst);
+			DESTROY_IF(new_src);
+			DESTROY_IF(new_dst);
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	if (src_ts && dst_ts && local && remote)
+	{
+		hydra->kernel_interface->migrate(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid,
+										 src_ts, dst_ts, dir, local, remote);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DESTROY_IF(src_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(dst_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(local);
+		DESTROY_IF(remote);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_MAPPING from kernel
+ */
+static void process_mapping(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+							struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	struct xfrm_user_mapping *mapping;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	mapping = (struct xfrm_user_mapping*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	spi = mapping->id.spi;
+	reqid = mapping->reqid;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_MAPPING");
+
+	if (mapping->id.proto == IPPROTO_ESP)
+	{
+		host = xfrm2host(mapping->id.family, &mapping->new_saddr,
+						 mapping->new_sport);
+		if (host)
+		{
+			hydra->kernel_interface->mapping(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid,
+											 spi, host);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	char response[1024];
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)response;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recvfrom(this->socket_xfrm_events, response, sizeof(response), 0,
+				   (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from xfrm event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (addr.nl_pid != 0)
+	{	/* not from kernel. not interested, try another one */
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+	{
+		switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE:
+				process_acquire(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE:
+				process_expire(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE:
+				process_migrate(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_MAPPING:
+				process_mapping(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received unknown event from xfrm event socket: %d", hdr->nlmsg_type);
+				break;
+		}
+		hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+	}
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get an SPI for a specific protocol from the kernel.
+ */
+static status_t get_spi_internal(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+		host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int8_t proto, u_int32_t min, u_int32_t max,
+		u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out;
+	struct xfrm_userspi_info *userspi;
+	u_int32_t received_spi = 0;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_ALLOCSPI;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userspi_info));
+
+	userspi = (struct xfrm_userspi_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(src, &userspi->info.saddr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &userspi->info.id.daddr);
+	userspi->info.id.proto = proto;
+	userspi->info.mode = XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL;
+	userspi->info.reqid = reqid;
+	userspi->info.family = src->get_family(src);
+	userspi->min = min;
+	userspi->max = max;
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					struct xfrm_usersa_info* usersa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					received_spi = usersa->id.spi;
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "allocating SPI failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		free(out);
+	}
+
+	if (received_spi == 0)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*spi = received_spi;
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_spi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting SPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+
+	if (get_spi_internal(this, src, dst, protocol,
+			0xc0000000, 0xcFFFFFFF, reqid, spi) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get SPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "got SPI %.8x for reqid {%u}", ntohl(*spi), reqid);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_cpi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t reqid, u_int16_t *cpi)
+{
+	u_int32_t received_spi = 0;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting CPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+
+	if (get_spi_internal(this, src, dst,
+			IPPROTO_COMP, 0x100, 0xEFFF, reqid, &received_spi) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get CPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*cpi = htons((u_int16_t)ntohl(received_spi));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "got CPI %.4x for reqid {%u}", ntohs(*cpi), reqid);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, mark_t mark,
+	lifetime_cfg_t *lifetime, u_int16_t enc_alg, chunk_t enc_key,
+	u_int16_t int_alg, chunk_t int_key, ipsec_mode_t mode, u_int16_t ipcomp,
+	u_int16_t cpi, bool encap, bool inbound,
+	traffic_selector_t* src_ts, traffic_selector_t* dst_ts)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	char *alg_name;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *sa;
+	u_int16_t icv_size = 64;
+
+	/* if IPComp is used, we install an additional IPComp SA. if the cpi is 0
+	 * we are in the recursive call below */
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE && cpi != 0)
+	{
+		lifetime_cfg_t lft = {{0,0,0},{0,0,0},{0,0,0}};
+		add_sa(this, src, dst, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, reqid, mark,
+			   &lft, ENCR_UNDEFINED, chunk_empty, AUTH_UNDEFINED, chunk_empty,
+			   mode, ipcomp, 0, FALSE, inbound, NULL, NULL);
+		ipcomp = IPCOMP_NONE;
+		/* use transport mode ESP SA, IPComp uses tunnel mode */
+		mode = MODE_TRANSPORT;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding SAD entry with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u}  "
+					  "(mark %u/0x%8x)", ntohl(spi), reqid, mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding SAD entry with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u}",
+					   ntohl(spi), reqid);
+	}
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = inbound ? XFRM_MSG_UPDSA : XFRM_MSG_NEWSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_info));
+
+	sa = (struct xfrm_usersa_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(src, &sa->saddr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa->id.daddr);
+	sa->id.spi = spi;
+	sa->id.proto = protocol;
+	sa->family = src->get_family(src);
+	sa->mode = mode2kernel(mode);
+	switch (mode)
+	{
+		case MODE_TUNNEL:
+			sa->flags |= XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC;
+			break;
+		case MODE_BEET:
+			if(src_ts && dst_ts)
+			{
+				sa->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	sa->replay_window = (protocol == IPPROTO_COMP) ? 0 : 32;
+	sa->reqid = reqid;
+	sa->lft.soft_byte_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->bytes.rekey);
+	sa->lft.hard_byte_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->bytes.life);
+	sa->lft.soft_packet_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->packets.rekey);
+	sa->lft.hard_packet_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->packets.life);
+	/* we use lifetimes since added, not since used */
+	sa->lft.soft_add_expires_seconds = lifetime->time.rekey;
+	sa->lft.hard_add_expires_seconds = lifetime->time.life;
+	sa->lft.soft_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+	sa->lft.hard_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+
+	struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+
+	switch (enc_alg)
+	{
+		case ENCR_UNDEFINED:
+			/* no encryption */
+			break;
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16:
+		case ENCR_NULL_AUTH_AES_GMAC:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV16:
+			icv_size += 32;
+			/* FALL */
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV12:
+			icv_size += 32;
+			/* FALL */
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV8:
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo_aead *algo;
+
+			alg_name = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+			if (alg_name == NULL)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AEAD;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo_aead) + enc_key.len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo_aead*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = enc_key.len * 8;
+			algo->alg_icv_len = icv_size;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+			rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+			break;
+		}
+		default:
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo *algo;
+
+			alg_name = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+			if (alg_name == NULL)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_CRYPT;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo) + enc_key.len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = enc_key.len * 8;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+			rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (int_alg != AUTH_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		alg_name = lookup_algorithm(integrity_algs, int_alg);
+		if (alg_name == NULL)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using integrity algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg, int_key.len * 8);
+
+		if (int_alg == AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo_auth* algo;
+
+			/* the kernel uses SHA256 with 96 bit truncation by default,
+			 * use specified truncation size supported by newer kernels */
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AUTH_TRUNC;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo_auth) + int_key.len);
+
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo_auth*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = int_key.len * 8;
+			algo->alg_trunc_len = 128;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo* algo;
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AUTH;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo) + int_key.len);
+
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = int_key.len * 8;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+		}
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE)
+	{
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_COMP;
+		alg_name = lookup_algorithm(compression_algs, ipcomp);
+		if (alg_name == NULL)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 ipcomp_transform_names, ipcomp);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using compression algorithm %N",
+			 ipcomp_transform_names, ipcomp);
+
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		struct xfrm_algo* algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		algo->alg_key_len = 0;
+		strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (encap)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_encap_tmpl *tmpl;
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ENCAP;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_encap_tmpl));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		tmpl->encap_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+		tmpl->encap_sport = htons(src->get_port(src));
+		tmpl->encap_dport = htons(dst->get_port(dst));
+		memset(&tmpl->encap_oa, 0, sizeof (xfrm_address_t));
+		/* encap_oa could probably be derived from the
+		 * traffic selectors [rfc4306, p39]. In the netlink kernel implementation
+		 * pluto does the same as we do here but it uses encap_oa in the
+		 * pfkey implementation. BUT as /usr/src/linux/net/key/af_key.c indicates
+		 * the kernel ignores it anyway
+		 *   -> does that mean that NAT-T encap doesn't work in transport mode?
+		 * No. The reason the kernel ignores NAT-OA is that it recomputes
+		 * (or, rather, just ignores) the checksum. If packets pass
+		 * the IPsec checks it marks them "checksum ok" so OA isn't needed. */
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (mark.value)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x  "
+						  "(mark %u/0x%8x)", ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		}
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the replay state (i.e. sequence numbers) of an SA.
+ */
+static status_t get_replay_state(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+						  u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, host_t *dst,
+						  struct xfrm_replay_state *replay)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_aevent_id *out_aevent = NULL, *aevent_id;
+	size_t len;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETAE;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_aevent_id));
+
+	aevent_id = (struct xfrm_aevent_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	aevent_id->flags = XFRM_AE_RVAL;
+
+	host2xfrm(dst, &aevent_id->sa_id.daddr);
+	aevent_id->sa_id.spi = spi;
+	aevent_id->sa_id.proto = protocol;
+	aevent_id->sa_id.family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWAE:
+				{
+					out_aevent = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying replay state from SAD entry failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (out_aevent == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x",
+					  ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(out, struct xfrm_aevent_id);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(out, struct xfrm_aevent_id);
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL &&
+			RTA_PAYLOAD(rta) == sizeof(struct xfrm_replay_state))
+		{
+			memcpy(replay, RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta));
+			free(out);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x",
+				  ntohl(spi));
+	free(out);
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, mark_t mark, u_int64_t *bytes)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *out = NULL, *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *sa = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	}
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = protocol;
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+		struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_id);
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					sa = (struct xfrm_usersa_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+
+					if (mark.value)
+					{
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x  "
+									  "(mark %u/0x%8x) failed: %s (%d)",
+									   ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask,
+									   strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x "
+									  "failed: %s (%d)", ntohl(spi),
+									   strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					}
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (sa == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	*bytes = sa->curlft.bytes;
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, u_int16_t cpi, mark_t mark)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+
+	/* if IPComp was used, we first delete the additional IPComp SA */
+	if (cpi)
+	{
+		del_sa(this, src, dst, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, 0, mark);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting SAD entry with SPI %.8x  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	}
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_DELSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = protocol;
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+		struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_id);
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (mark.value)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x  "
+						  "(mark %u/0x%8x)", ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		}
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleted SAD entry with SPI %.8x  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   ntohl(spi), mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleted SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, update_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol,
+	u_int16_t cpi, host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *new_src, host_t *new_dst,
+	bool old_encap, bool new_encap, mark_t mark)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	u_char *pos;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *out_sa = NULL, *sa;
+	size_t len;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+	struct xfrm_encap_tmpl* tmpl = NULL;
+	bool got_replay_state = FALSE;
+	struct xfrm_replay_state replay;
+
+	/* if IPComp is used, we first update the IPComp SA */
+	if (cpi)
+	{
+		update_sa(this, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, 0,
+				  src, dst, new_src, new_dst, FALSE, FALSE, mark);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x for update", ntohl(spi));
+
+	/* query the existing SA first */
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = protocol;
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					out_sa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (out_sa == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* try to get the replay state */
+	if (get_replay_state(this, spi, protocol, dst, &replay) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		got_replay_state = TRUE;
+	}
+
+	/* delete the old SA (without affecting the IPComp SA) */
+	if (del_sa(this, src, dst, spi, protocol, 0, mark) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete old SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "updating SAD entry with SPI %.8x from %#H..%#H to %#H..%#H",
+		 ntohl(spi), src, dst, new_src, new_dst);
+	/* copy over the SA from out to request */
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	memcpy(hdr, out, min(out->nlmsg_len, sizeof(request)));
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_NEWSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_info));
+	sa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	sa->family = new_dst->get_family(new_dst);
+
+	if (!src->ip_equals(src, new_src))
+	{
+		host2xfrm(new_src, &sa->saddr);
+	}
+	if (!dst->ip_equals(dst, new_dst))
+	{
+		host2xfrm(new_dst, &sa->id.daddr);
+	}
+
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(out, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(out, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	pos = (u_char*)XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		/* copy all attributes, but not XFRMA_ENCAP if we are disabling it */
+		if (rta->rta_type != XFRMA_ENCAP || new_encap)
+		{
+			if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_ENCAP)
+			{	/* update encap tmpl */
+				tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+				tmpl->encap_sport = ntohs(new_src->get_port(new_src));
+				tmpl->encap_dport = ntohs(new_dst->get_port(new_dst));
+			}
+			memcpy(pos, rta, rta->rta_len);
+			pos += RTA_ALIGN(rta->rta_len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += RTA_ALIGN(rta->rta_len);
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	rta = (struct rtattr*)pos;
+	if (tmpl == NULL && new_encap)
+	{	/* add tmpl if we are enabling it */
+		rta->rta_type = XFRMA_ENCAP;
+		rta->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_encap_tmpl));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rta->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+		tmpl->encap_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+		tmpl->encap_sport = ntohs(new_src->get_port(new_src));
+		tmpl->encap_dport = ntohs(new_dst->get_port(new_dst));
+		memset(&tmpl->encap_oa, 0, sizeof (xfrm_address_t));
+
+		rta = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta);
+	}
+
+	if (got_replay_state)
+	{	/* copy the replay data if available */
+		rta->rta_type = XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL;
+		rta->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_replay_state));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rta->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		memcpy(RTA_DATA(rta), &replay, sizeof(replay));
+
+		rta = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta);
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts,
+	policy_dir_t direction, policy_type_t type, ipsec_sa_cfg_t *sa,
+	mark_t mark, bool routed)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *current, *policy;
+	bool found = FALSE;
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info *policy_info;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	int i;
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = malloc_thing(policy_entry_t);
+	memset(policy, 0, sizeof(policy_entry_t));
+	policy->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy->mark = mark.value & mark.mask;
+	policy->direction = direction;
+
+	/* find the policy, which matches EXACTLY */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	current = this->policies->get(this->policies, policy);
+	if (current)
+	{
+		/* use existing policy */
+		current->refcount++;
+		if (mark.value)
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy %R === %R %N  (mark %u/0x%8x) "
+						  "already exists, increasing refcount",
+						   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+						   mark.value, mark.mask);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy %R === %R %N "
+						  "already exists, increasing refcount",
+						   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		free(policy);
+		policy = current;
+		found = TRUE;
+	}
+	else
+	{	/* apply the new one, if we have no such policy */
+		this->policies->put(this->policies, policy, policy);
+		policy->refcount = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding policy %R === %R %N  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding policy %R === %R %N",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = found ? XFRM_MSG_UPDPOLICY : XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_info));
+
+	policy_info = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_info->sel = policy->sel;
+	policy_info->dir = policy->direction;
+	/* calculate priority based on source selector size, small size = high prio */
+	policy_info->priority = routed ? PRIO_LOW : PRIO_HIGH;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.prefixlen_s * 10;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.proto ? 2 : 0;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.sport_mask ? 1 : 0;
+	policy_info->action = type != POLICY_DROP ? XFRM_POLICY_ALLOW
+											  : XFRM_POLICY_BLOCK;
+	policy_info->share = XFRM_SHARE_ANY;
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* policies don't expire */
+	policy_info->lft.soft_byte_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_packet_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_byte_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_packet_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_add_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_add_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+
+	struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_info);
+
+	if (type == POLICY_IPSEC)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_user_tmpl *tmpl = (struct xfrm_user_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		struct {
+			u_int8_t proto;
+			bool use;
+		} protos[] = {
+			{ IPPROTO_COMP, sa->ipcomp.transform != IPCOMP_NONE },
+			{ IPPROTO_ESP, sa->esp.use },
+			{ IPPROTO_AH, sa->ah.use },
+		};
+		ipsec_mode_t proto_mode = sa->mode;
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_TMPL;
+		rthdr->rta_len = 0; /* actual length is set below */
+
+		for (i = 0; i < countof(protos); i++)
+		{
+			if (!protos[i].use)
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			rthdr->rta_len += RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_user_tmpl));
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_user_tmpl));
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			tmpl->reqid = sa->reqid;
+			tmpl->id.proto = protos[i].proto;
+			tmpl->aalgos = tmpl->ealgos = tmpl->calgos = ~0;
+			tmpl->mode = mode2kernel(proto_mode);
+			tmpl->optional = protos[i].proto == IPPROTO_COMP &&
+							 direction != POLICY_OUT;
+			tmpl->family = src->get_family(src);
+
+			if (proto_mode == MODE_TUNNEL)
+			{	/* only for tunnel mode */
+				host2xfrm(src, &tmpl->saddr);
+				host2xfrm(dst, &tmpl->id.daddr);
+			}
+
+			tmpl++;
+
+			/* use transport mode for other SAs */
+			proto_mode = MODE_TRANSPORT;
+		}
+
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* install a route, if:
+	 * - we are NOT updating a policy
+	 * - this is a forward policy (to just get one for each child)
+	 * - we are in tunnel/BEET mode
+	 * - routing is not disabled via strongswan.conf
+	 */
+	if (policy->route == NULL && direction == POLICY_FWD &&
+		sa->mode != MODE_TRANSPORT && this->install_routes)
+	{
+		route_entry_t *route = malloc_thing(route_entry_t);
+
+		if (hydra->kernel_interface->get_address_by_ts(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				dst_ts, &route->src_ip) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			/* get the nexthop to src (src as we are in POLICY_FWD).*/
+			route->gateway = hydra->kernel_interface->get_nexthop(
+												hydra->kernel_interface, src);
+			/* install route via outgoing interface */
+			route->if_name = hydra->kernel_interface->get_interface(
+												hydra->kernel_interface, dst);
+			route->dst_net = chunk_alloc(policy->sel.family == AF_INET ? 4 : 16);
+			memcpy(route->dst_net.ptr, &policy->sel.saddr, route->dst_net.len);
+			route->prefixlen = policy->sel.prefixlen_s;
+
+			if (route->if_name)
+			{
+				switch (hydra->kernel_interface->add_route(
+									hydra->kernel_interface, route->dst_net,
+									route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+									route->src_ip, route->if_name))
+				{
+					default:
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to install source route for %H",
+							 route->src_ip);
+						/* FALL */
+					case ALREADY_DONE:
+						/* route exists, do not uninstall */
+						route_entry_destroy(route);
+						break;
+					case SUCCESS:
+						/* cache the installed route */
+						policy->route = route;
+						break;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				route_entry_destroy(route);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			free(route);
+		}
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	u_int32_t *use_time)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *out = NULL, *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info *policy = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+	}
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_id));
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_id->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy_id->dir = direction;
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+		struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY:
+				{
+					policy = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying policy failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (policy == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if (policy->curlft.use_time)
+	{
+		/* we need the monotonic time, but the kernel returns system time. */
+		*use_time = time_monotonic(NULL) - (time(NULL) - policy->curlft.use_time);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*use_time = 0;
+	}
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	bool unrouted)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *current, policy, *to_delete = NULL;
+	route_entry_t *route;
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N  (mark %u/0x%8x)",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   mark.value, mark.mask);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+	}
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	memset(&policy, 0, sizeof(policy_entry_t));
+	policy.sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy.mark = mark.value & mark.mask;
+	policy.direction = direction;
+
+	/* find the policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	current = this->policies->get(this->policies, &policy);
+	if (current)
+	{
+		to_delete = current;
+		if (--to_delete->refcount > 0)
+		{
+			/* is used by more SAs, keep in kernel */
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy still used by another CHILD_SA, not removed");
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+		/* remove if last reference */
+		this->policies->remove(this->policies, to_delete);
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	if (!to_delete)
+	{
+		if (mark.value)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N  (mark %u/0x%8x) "
+						  "failed, not found", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names,
+						   direction, mark.value, mark.mask);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N failed, not found",
+						   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_id));
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_id->sel = to_delete->sel;
+	policy_id->dir = direction;
+
+	if (mark.value)
+	{
+		struct xfrm_mark *mrk;
+		struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_MARK;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_mark));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		mrk = (struct xfrm_mark*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		mrk->v = mark.value;
+		mrk->m = mark.mask;
+	}
+
+	route = to_delete->route;
+	free(to_delete);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (mark.value)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N  "
+                          "(mark %u/0x%8x)", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names,
+						   direction, mark.value, mark.mask);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N",
+						   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if (route)
+	{
+		if (hydra->kernel_interface->del_route(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				route->dst_net, route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+				route->src_ip, route->if_name) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error uninstalling route installed with "
+						  "policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+						   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		route_entry_destroy(route);
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, bypass_socket, bool,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, int fd, int family)
+{
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info policy;
+	u_int sol, ipsec_policy;
+
+	switch (family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+			sol = SOL_IP;
+			ipsec_policy = IP_XFRM_POLICY;
+			break;
+		case AF_INET6:
+			sol = SOL_IPV6;
+			ipsec_policy = IPV6_XFRM_POLICY;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return FALSE;
+	}
+
+	memset(&policy, 0, sizeof(policy));
+	policy.action = XFRM_POLICY_ALLOW;
+	policy.sel.family = family;
+
+	policy.dir = XFRM_POLICY_OUT;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	policy.dir = XFRM_POLICY_IN;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, destroy, void,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	policy_entry_t *policy;
+
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_xfrm_events > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_xfrm_events);
+	}
+	DESTROY_IF(this->socket_xfrm);
+	enumerator = this->policies->create_enumerator(this->policies);
+	while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &policy, &policy))
+	{
+		free(policy);
+	}
+	enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+	this->policies->destroy(this->policies);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *kernel_netlink_ipsec_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	int fd;
+
+	INIT(this,
+		.public = {
+			.interface = {
+				.get_spi = _get_spi,
+				.get_cpi = _get_cpi,
+				.add_sa  = _add_sa,
+				.update_sa = _update_sa,
+				.query_sa = _query_sa,
+				.del_sa = _del_sa,
+				.add_policy = _add_policy,
+				.query_policy = _query_policy,
+				.del_policy = _del_policy,
+				.bypass_socket = _bypass_socket,
+				.destroy = _destroy,
+			},
+		},
+		.policies = hashtable_create((hashtable_hash_t)policy_hash,
+									 (hashtable_equals_t)policy_equals, 32),
+		.mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.install_routes = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+												  "%s.install_routes", TRUE,
+												  hydra->daemon),
+	);
+
+	if (streq(hydra->daemon, "pluto"))
+	{	/* no routes for pluto, they are installed via updown script */
+		this->install_routes = FALSE;
+	}
+
+	/* disable lifetimes for allocated SPIs in kernel */
+	fd = open("/proc/sys/net/core/xfrm_acq_expires", O_WRONLY);
+	if (fd)
+	{
+		ignore_result(write(fd, "165", 3));
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	this->socket_xfrm = netlink_socket_create(NETLINK_XFRM);
+	if (!this->socket_xfrm)
+	{
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+	addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+	/* create and bind XFRM socket for ACQUIRE, EXPIRE, MIGRATE & MAPPING */
+	this->socket_xfrm_events = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_XFRM);
+	if (this->socket_xfrm_events <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create XFRM event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	addr.nl_groups = XFRMNLGRP(ACQUIRE) | XFRMNLGRP(EXPIRE) |
+					 XFRMNLGRP(MIGRATE) | XFRMNLGRP(MAPPING);
+	if (bind(this->socket_xfrm_events, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to bind XFRM event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	lib->processor->queue_job(lib->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3a45cce06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_netlink_ipsec_i kernel_netlink_ipsec
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_netlink
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_NETLINK_IPSEC_H_
+#define KERNEL_NETLINK_IPSEC_H_
+
+#include <kernel/kernel_ipsec.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_netlink_ipsec_t kernel_netlink_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the kernel ipsec interface using Netlink.
+ */
+struct kernel_netlink_ipsec_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Implements kernel_ipsec_t interface
+	 */
+	kernel_ipsec_t interface;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a netlink kernel ipsec interface instance.
+ *
+ * @return			kernel_netlink_ipsec_t instance
+ */
+kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *kernel_netlink_ipsec_create();
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_NETLINK_IPSEC_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..314c1acc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1578 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Martin Willi
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 secunet Security Networks AG
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Thomas Egerer
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_net.h"
+#include "kernel_netlink_shared.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/condvar.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <utils/linked_list.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+
+/** delay before firing roam events (ms) */
+#define ROAM_DELAY 100
+
+typedef struct addr_entry_t addr_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * IP address in an inface_entry_t
+ */
+struct addr_entry_t {
+
+	/** The ip address */
+	host_t *ip;
+
+	/** virtual IP managed by us */
+	bool virtual;
+
+	/** scope of the address */
+	u_char scope;
+
+	/** Number of times this IP is used, if virtual */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy a addr_entry_t object
+ */
+static void addr_entry_destroy(addr_entry_t *this)
+{
+	this->ip->destroy(this->ip);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct iface_entry_t iface_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * A network interface on this system, containing addr_entry_t's
+ */
+struct iface_entry_t {
+
+	/** interface index */
+	int ifindex;
+
+	/** name of the interface */
+	char ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+	/** interface flags, as in netdevice(7) SIOCGIFFLAGS */
+	u_int flags;
+
+	/** list of addresses as host_t */
+	linked_list_t *addrs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an interface entry
+ */
+static void iface_entry_destroy(iface_entry_t *this)
+{
+	this->addrs->destroy_function(this->addrs, (void*)addr_entry_destroy);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_netlink_net_t private_kernel_netlink_net_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_netlink_net class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_netlink_net_t {
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_netlink_net_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_netlink_net_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * condition variable to signal virtual IP add/removal
+	 */
+	condvar_t *condvar;
+
+	/**
+	 * Cached list of interfaces and its addresses (iface_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *ifaces;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving netlink events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * netlink rt socket (routing)
+	 */
+	netlink_socket_t *socket;
+
+	/**
+	 * Netlink rt socket to receive address change events
+	 */
+	int socket_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * time of the last roam event
+	 */
+	timeval_t last_roam;
+
+	/**
+	 * routing table to install routes
+	 */
+	int routing_table;
+
+	/**
+	 * priority of used routing table
+	 */
+	int routing_table_prio;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to react to RTM_NEWROUTE or RTM_DELROUTE events
+	 */
+	bool process_route;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to actually install virtual IPs
+	 */
+	bool install_virtual_ip;
+
+	/**
+	 * list with routing tables to be excluded from route lookup
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *rt_exclude;
+};
+
+/**
+ * get the refcount of a virtual ip
+ */
+static int get_vip_refcount(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, host_t* ip)
+{
+	iterator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	int refcount = 0;
+
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_iterator(this->ifaces, TRUE);
+	while (ifaces->iterate(ifaces, (void**)&iface))
+	{
+		addrs = iface->addrs->create_iterator(iface->addrs, TRUE);
+		while (addrs->iterate(addrs, (void**)&addr))
+		{
+			if (addr->virtual && (iface->flags & IFF_UP) &&
+				ip->ip_equals(ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				refcount = addr->refcount;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		addrs->destroy(addrs);
+		if (refcount)
+		{
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+
+	return refcount;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get the first non-virtual ip address on the given interface.
+ * returned host is a clone, has to be freed by caller.
+ */
+static host_t *get_interface_address(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+									 int ifindex, int family)
+{
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	host_t *ip = NULL;
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->ifindex == ifindex)
+		{
+			addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+			while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+			{
+				if (!addr->virtual && addr->ip->get_family(addr->ip) == family)
+				{
+					ip = addr->ip->clone(addr->ip);
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			addrs->destroy(addrs);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	return ip;
+}
+
+/**
+ * callback function that raises the delayed roam event
+ */
+static job_requeue_t roam_event(uintptr_t address)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->roam(hydra->kernel_interface, address != 0);
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_NONE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * fire a roaming event. we delay it for a bit and fire only one event
+ * for multiple calls. otherwise we would create too many events.
+ */
+static void fire_roam_event(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, bool address)
+{
+	timeval_t now;
+	job_t *job;
+
+	time_monotonic(&now);
+	if (timercmp(&now, &this->last_roam, >))
+	{
+		now.tv_usec += ROAM_DELAY * 1000;
+		while (now.tv_usec > 1000000)
+		{
+			now.tv_sec++;
+			now.tv_usec -= 1000000;
+		}
+		this->last_roam = now;
+
+		job = (job_t*)callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)roam_event,
+										  (void*)(uintptr_t)(address ? 1 : 0),
+										  NULL, NULL);
+		lib->scheduler->schedule_job_ms(lib->scheduler, job, ROAM_DELAY);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * process RTM_NEWLINK/RTM_DELLINK from kernel
+ */
+static void process_link(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+						 struct nlmsghdr *hdr, bool event)
+{
+	struct ifinfomsg* msg = (struct ifinfomsg*)(NLMSG_DATA(hdr));
+	struct rtattr *rta = IFLA_RTA(msg);
+	size_t rtasize = IFLA_PAYLOAD (hdr);
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	iface_entry_t *current, *entry = NULL;
+	char *name = NULL;
+	bool update = FALSE;
+
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		switch (rta->rta_type)
+		{
+			case IFLA_IFNAME:
+				name = RTA_DATA(rta);
+				break;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+	if (!name)
+	{
+		name = "(unknown)";
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+	{
+		case RTM_NEWLINK:
+		{
+			if (msg->ifi_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
+			{	/* ignore loopback interfaces */
+				break;
+			}
+			enumerator = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+			while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &current))
+			{
+				if (current->ifindex == msg->ifi_index)
+				{
+					entry = current;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+			if (!entry)
+			{
+				entry = malloc_thing(iface_entry_t);
+				entry->ifindex = msg->ifi_index;
+				entry->flags = 0;
+				entry->addrs = linked_list_create();
+				this->ifaces->insert_last(this->ifaces, entry);
+			}
+			memcpy(entry->ifname, name, IFNAMSIZ);
+			entry->ifname[IFNAMSIZ-1] = '\0';
+			if (event)
+			{
+				if (!(entry->flags & IFF_UP) && (msg->ifi_flags & IFF_UP))
+				{
+					update = TRUE;
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "interface %s activated", name);
+				}
+				if ((entry->flags & IFF_UP) && !(msg->ifi_flags & IFF_UP))
+				{
+					update = TRUE;
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "interface %s deactivated", name);
+				}
+			}
+			entry->flags = msg->ifi_flags;
+			break;
+		}
+		case RTM_DELLINK:
+		{
+			enumerator = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+			while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &current))
+			{
+				if (current->ifindex == msg->ifi_index)
+				{
+					/* we do not remove it, as an address may be added to a
+					 * "down" interface and we wan't to know that. */
+					current->flags = msg->ifi_flags;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* send an update to all IKE_SAs */
+	if (update && event)
+	{
+		fire_roam_event(this, TRUE);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * process RTM_NEWADDR/RTM_DELADDR from kernel
+ */
+static void process_addr(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+						 struct nlmsghdr *hdr, bool event)
+{
+	struct ifaddrmsg* msg = (struct ifaddrmsg*)(NLMSG_DATA(hdr));
+	struct rtattr *rta = IFA_RTA(msg);
+	size_t rtasize = IFA_PAYLOAD (hdr);
+	host_t *host = NULL;
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	chunk_t local = chunk_empty, address = chunk_empty;
+	bool update = FALSE, found = FALSE, changed = FALSE;
+
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		switch (rta->rta_type)
+		{
+			case IFA_LOCAL:
+				local.ptr = RTA_DATA(rta);
+				local.len = RTA_PAYLOAD(rta);
+				break;
+			case IFA_ADDRESS:
+				address.ptr = RTA_DATA(rta);
+				address.len = RTA_PAYLOAD(rta);
+				break;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	/* For PPP interfaces, we need the IFA_LOCAL address,
+	 * IFA_ADDRESS is the peers address. But IFA_LOCAL is
+	 * not included in all cases (IPv6?), so fallback to IFA_ADDRESS. */
+	if (local.ptr)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(msg->ifa_family, local, 0);
+	}
+	else if (address.ptr)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(msg->ifa_family, address, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (host == NULL)
+	{	/* bad family? */
+		return;
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->ifindex == msg->ifa_index)
+		{
+			addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+			while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+			{
+				if (host->ip_equals(host, addr->ip))
+				{
+					found = TRUE;
+					if (hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_DELADDR)
+					{
+						iface->addrs->remove_at(iface->addrs, addrs);
+						if (!addr->virtual)
+						{
+							changed = TRUE;
+							DBG1(DBG_KNL, "%H disappeared from %s",
+								 host, iface->ifname);
+						}
+						addr_entry_destroy(addr);
+					}
+					else if (hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR && addr->virtual)
+					{
+						addr->refcount = 1;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			addrs->destroy(addrs);
+
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR)
+			{
+				if (!found)
+				{
+					found = TRUE;
+					changed = TRUE;
+					addr = malloc_thing(addr_entry_t);
+					addr->ip = host->clone(host);
+					addr->virtual = FALSE;
+					addr->refcount = 1;
+					addr->scope = msg->ifa_scope;
+
+					iface->addrs->insert_last(iface->addrs, addr);
+					if (event)
+					{
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "%H appeared on %s", host, iface->ifname);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			if (found && (iface->flags & IFF_UP))
+			{
+				update = TRUE;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	/* send an update to all IKE_SAs */
+	if (update && event && changed)
+	{
+		fire_roam_event(this, TRUE);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * process RTM_NEWROUTE and RTM_DELROUTE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_route(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	struct rtmsg* msg = (struct rtmsg*)(NLMSG_DATA(hdr));
+	struct rtattr *rta = RTM_RTA(msg);
+	size_t rtasize = RTM_PAYLOAD(hdr);
+	u_int32_t rta_oif = 0;
+	host_t *host = NULL;
+
+	/* ignore routes added by us or in the local routing table (local addrs) */
+	if (msg->rtm_table && (msg->rtm_table == this->routing_table ||
+						   msg->rtm_table == RT_TABLE_LOCAL))
+	{
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		switch (rta->rta_type)
+		{
+			case RTA_PREFSRC:
+				host = host_create_from_chunk(msg->rtm_family,
+							chunk_create(RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta)), 0);
+				break;
+			case RTA_OIF:
+				if (RTA_PAYLOAD(rta) == sizeof(rta_oif))
+				{
+					rta_oif = *(u_int32_t*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+				}
+				break;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+	if (!host && rta_oif)
+	{
+		host = get_interface_address(this, rta_oif, msg->rtm_family);
+	}
+	if (host)
+	{
+		this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+		if (!get_vip_refcount(this, host))
+		{	/* ignore routes added for virtual IPs */
+			fire_roam_event(this, FALSE);
+		}
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		host->destroy(host);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this)
+{
+	char response[1024];
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)response;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recvfrom(this->socket_events, response, sizeof(response), 0,
+				   (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from rt event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (addr.nl_pid != 0)
+	{	/* not from kernel. not interested, try another one */
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+	{
+		/* looks good so far, dispatch netlink message */
+		switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case RTM_NEWADDR:
+			case RTM_DELADDR:
+				process_addr(this, hdr, TRUE);
+				this->condvar->broadcast(this->condvar);
+				break;
+			case RTM_NEWLINK:
+			case RTM_DELLINK:
+				process_link(this, hdr, TRUE);
+				this->condvar->broadcast(this->condvar);
+				break;
+			case RTM_NEWROUTE:
+			case RTM_DELROUTE:
+				if (this->process_route)
+				{
+					process_route(this, hdr);
+				}
+				break;
+			default:
+				break;
+		}
+		hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+	}
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+/** enumerator over addresses */
+typedef struct {
+	private_kernel_netlink_net_t* this;
+	/** whether to enumerate down interfaces */
+	bool include_down_ifaces;
+	/** whether to enumerate virtual ip addresses */
+	bool include_virtual_ips;
+} address_enumerator_t;
+
+/**
+ * cleanup function for address enumerator
+ */
+static void address_enumerator_destroy(address_enumerator_t *data)
+{
+	data->this->mutex->unlock(data->this->mutex);
+	free(data);
+}
+
+/**
+ * filter for addresses
+ */
+static bool filter_addresses(address_enumerator_t *data, addr_entry_t** in, host_t** out)
+{
+	if (!data->include_virtual_ips && (*in)->virtual)
+	{	/* skip virtual interfaces added by us */
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	if ((*in)->scope >= RT_SCOPE_LINK)
+	{	/* skip addresses with a unusable scope */
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	*out = (*in)->ip;
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * enumerator constructor for interfaces
+ */
+static enumerator_t *create_iface_enumerator(iface_entry_t *iface, address_enumerator_t *data)
+{
+	return enumerator_create_filter(iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs),
+				(void*)filter_addresses, data, NULL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * filter for interfaces
+ */
+static bool filter_interfaces(address_enumerator_t *data, iface_entry_t** in, iface_entry_t** out)
+{
+	if (!data->include_down_ifaces && !((*in)->flags & IFF_UP))
+	{	/* skip interfaces not up */
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	*out = *in;
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * implementation of kernel_net_t.create_address_enumerator
+ */
+static enumerator_t *create_address_enumerator(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+		bool include_down_ifaces, bool include_virtual_ips)
+{
+	address_enumerator_t *data = malloc_thing(address_enumerator_t);
+	data->this = this;
+	data->include_down_ifaces = include_down_ifaces;
+	data->include_virtual_ips = include_virtual_ips;
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	return enumerator_create_nested(
+				enumerator_create_filter(this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces),
+							(void*)filter_interfaces, data, NULL),
+				(void*)create_iface_enumerator, data, (void*)address_enumerator_destroy);
+}
+
+/**
+ * implementation of kernel_net_t.get_interface_name
+ */
+static char *get_interface_name(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, host_t* ip)
+{
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	char *name = NULL;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting interface name for %H", ip);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+		while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+		{
+			if (ip->ip_equals(ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				name = strdup(iface->ifname);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		addrs->destroy(addrs);
+		if (name)
+		{
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (name)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "%H is on interface %s", ip, name);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "%H is not a local address", ip);
+	}
+	return name;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get the index of an interface by name
+ */
+static int get_interface_index(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, char* name)
+{
+	enumerator_t *ifaces;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	int ifindex = 0;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting iface index for %s", name);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (streq(name, iface->ifname))
+		{
+			ifindex = iface->ifindex;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (ifindex == 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get interface index for %s", name);
+	}
+	return ifindex;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if an interface with a given index is up
+ */
+static bool is_interface_up(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, int index)
+{
+	enumerator_t *ifaces;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	/* default to TRUE for interface we do not monitor (e.g. lo) */
+	bool up = TRUE;
+
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->ifindex == index)
+		{
+			up = iface->flags & IFF_UP;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	return up;
+}
+
+/**
+ * check if an address (chunk) addr is in subnet (net with net_len net bits)
+ */
+static bool addr_in_subnet(chunk_t addr, chunk_t net, int net_len)
+{
+	static const u_char mask[] = { 0x00, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfc, 0xfe };
+	int byte = 0;
+
+	if (net_len == 0)
+	{	/* any address matches a /0 network */
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+	if (addr.len != net.len || net_len > 8 * net.len )
+	{
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	/* scan through all bytes in network order */
+	while (net_len > 0)
+	{
+		if (net_len < 8)
+		{
+			return (mask[net_len] & addr.ptr[byte]) == (mask[net_len] & net.ptr[byte]);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (addr.ptr[byte] != net.ptr[byte])
+			{
+				return FALSE;
+			}
+			byte++;
+			net_len -= 8;
+		}
+	}
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get a route: If "nexthop", the nexthop is returned. source addr otherwise.
+ */
+static host_t *get_route(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, host_t *dest,
+						 bool nexthop, host_t *candidate)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out, *current;
+	struct rtmsg *msg;
+	chunk_t chunk;
+	size_t len;
+	int best = -1;
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	host_t *src = NULL, *gtw = NULL;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting address to reach %H", dest);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	if (dest->get_family(dest) == AF_INET)
+	{
+		/* We dump all addresses for IPv4, as we want to ignore IPsec specific
+		 * routes installed by us. But the kernel does not return source
+		 * addresses in a IPv6 dump, so fall back to get() for v6 routes. */
+		hdr->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_ROOT | NLM_F_DUMP;
+	}
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = RTM_GETROUTE;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtmsg));
+
+	msg = (struct rtmsg*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	msg->rtm_family = dest->get_family(dest);
+	if (candidate)
+	{
+		chunk = candidate->get_address(candidate);
+		netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_PREFSRC, chunk, sizeof(request));
+	}
+	chunk = dest->get_address(dest);
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_DST, chunk, sizeof(request));
+
+	if (this->socket->send(this->socket, hdr, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "getting address to %H failed", dest);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+
+	for (current = out; NLMSG_OK(current, len);
+		 current = NLMSG_NEXT(current, len))
+	{
+		switch (current->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case NLMSG_DONE:
+				break;
+			case RTM_NEWROUTE:
+			{
+				struct rtattr *rta;
+				size_t rtasize;
+				chunk_t rta_gtw, rta_src, rta_dst;
+				u_int32_t rta_oif = 0;
+				host_t *new_src, *new_gtw;
+				bool cont = FALSE;
+				uintptr_t table;
+
+				rta_gtw = rta_src = rta_dst = chunk_empty;
+				msg = (struct rtmsg*)(NLMSG_DATA(current));
+				rta = RTM_RTA(msg);
+				rtasize = RTM_PAYLOAD(current);
+				while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+				{
+					switch (rta->rta_type)
+					{
+						case RTA_PREFSRC:
+							rta_src = chunk_create(RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta));
+							break;
+						case RTA_GATEWAY:
+							rta_gtw = chunk_create(RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta));
+							break;
+						case RTA_DST:
+							rta_dst = chunk_create(RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta));
+							break;
+						case RTA_OIF:
+							if (RTA_PAYLOAD(rta) == sizeof(rta_oif))
+							{
+								rta_oif = *(u_int32_t*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+							}
+							break;
+					}
+					rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+				}
+				if (msg->rtm_dst_len <= best)
+				{	/* not better than a previous one */
+					continue;
+				}
+				enumerator = this->rt_exclude->create_enumerator(this->rt_exclude);
+				while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &table))
+				{
+					if (table == msg->rtm_table)
+					{
+						cont = TRUE;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+				if (cont)
+				{
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (this->routing_table != 0 &&
+					msg->rtm_table == this->routing_table)
+				{	/* route is from our own ipsec routing table */
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (rta_oif && !is_interface_up(this, rta_oif))
+				{	/* interface is down */
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (!addr_in_subnet(chunk, rta_dst, msg->rtm_dst_len))
+				{	/* route destination does not contain dest */
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if (nexthop)
+				{
+					/* nexthop lookup, return gateway if any */
+					DESTROY_IF(gtw);
+					gtw = host_create_from_chunk(msg->rtm_family, rta_gtw, 0);
+					best = msg->rtm_dst_len;
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (rta_src.ptr)
+				{	/* got a source address */
+					new_src = host_create_from_chunk(msg->rtm_family, rta_src, 0);
+					if (new_src)
+					{
+						if (get_vip_refcount(this, new_src))
+						{	/* skip source address if it is installed by us */
+							new_src->destroy(new_src);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							DESTROY_IF(src);
+							src = new_src;
+							best = msg->rtm_dst_len;
+						}
+					}
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (rta_oif)
+				{	/* no src or gtw, but an interface. Get address from it. */
+					new_src = get_interface_address(this, rta_oif,
+													msg->rtm_family);
+					if (new_src)
+					{
+						DESTROY_IF(src);
+						src = new_src;
+						best = msg->rtm_dst_len;
+					}
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (rta_gtw.ptr)
+				{	/* no source, but a gateway. Lookup source to reach gtw. */
+					new_gtw = host_create_from_chunk(msg->rtm_family, rta_gtw, 0);
+					new_src = get_route(this, new_gtw, FALSE, candidate);
+					new_gtw->destroy(new_gtw);
+					if (new_src)
+					{
+						DESTROY_IF(src);
+						src = new_src;
+						best = msg->rtm_dst_len;
+					}
+					continue;
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			default:
+				continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	free(out);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (nexthop)
+	{
+		if (gtw)
+		{
+			return gtw;
+		}
+		return dest->clone(dest);
+	}
+	return src;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.get_source_addr.
+ */
+static host_t* get_source_addr(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+							   host_t *dest, host_t *src)
+{
+	return get_route(this, dest, FALSE, src);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.get_nexthop.
+ */
+static host_t* get_nexthop(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, host_t *dest)
+{
+	return get_route(this, dest, TRUE, NULL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Manages the creation and deletion of ip addresses on an interface.
+ * By setting the appropriate nlmsg_type, the ip will be set or unset.
+ */
+static status_t manage_ipaddr(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, int nlmsg_type,
+							  int flags, int if_index, host_t *ip)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct ifaddrmsg *msg;
+	chunk_t chunk;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	chunk = ip->get_address(ip);
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK | flags;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = nlmsg_type;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg));
+
+	msg = (struct ifaddrmsg*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	msg->ifa_family = ip->get_family(ip);
+	msg->ifa_flags = 0;
+	msg->ifa_prefixlen = 8 * chunk.len;
+	msg->ifa_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
+	msg->ifa_index = if_index;
+
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, IFA_LOCAL, chunk, sizeof(request));
+
+	return this->socket->send_ack(this->socket, hdr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.add_ip.
+ */
+static status_t add_ip(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this,
+						host_t *virtual_ip, host_t *iface_ip)
+{
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	enumerator_t *addrs, *ifaces;
+	int ifindex;
+
+	if (!this->install_virtual_ip)
+	{	/* disabled by config */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding virtual IP %H", virtual_ip);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		bool iface_found = FALSE;
+
+		addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+		while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+		{
+			if (iface_ip->ip_equals(iface_ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				iface_found = TRUE;
+			}
+			else if (virtual_ip->ip_equals(virtual_ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				addr->refcount++;
+				DBG2(DBG_KNL, "virtual IP %H already installed on %s",
+					 virtual_ip, iface->ifname);
+				addrs->destroy(addrs);
+				ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+				this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+				return SUCCESS;
+			}
+		}
+		addrs->destroy(addrs);
+
+		if (iface_found)
+		{
+			ifindex = iface->ifindex;
+			addr = malloc_thing(addr_entry_t);
+			addr->ip = virtual_ip->clone(virtual_ip);
+			addr->refcount = 0;
+			addr->virtual = TRUE;
+			addr->scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
+			iface->addrs->insert_last(iface->addrs, addr);
+
+			if (manage_ipaddr(this, RTM_NEWADDR, NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_EXCL,
+							  ifindex, virtual_ip) == SUCCESS)
+			{
+				while (get_vip_refcount(this, virtual_ip) == 0)
+				{	/* wait until address appears */
+					this->condvar->wait(this->condvar, this->mutex);
+				}
+				ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+				this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+				return SUCCESS;
+			}
+			ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "adding virtual IP %H failed", virtual_ip);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "interface address %H not found, unable to install"
+		 "virtual IP %H", iface_ip, virtual_ip);
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.del_ip.
+ */
+static status_t del_ip(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, host_t *virtual_ip)
+{
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	enumerator_t *addrs, *ifaces;
+	status_t status;
+	int ifindex;
+
+	if (!this->install_virtual_ip)
+	{	/* disabled by config */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting virtual IP %H", virtual_ip);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+		while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+		{
+			if (virtual_ip->ip_equals(virtual_ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				ifindex = iface->ifindex;
+				if (addr->refcount == 1)
+				{
+					status = manage_ipaddr(this, RTM_DELADDR, 0,
+										   ifindex, virtual_ip);
+					if (status == SUCCESS)
+					{	/* wait until the address is really gone */
+						while (get_vip_refcount(this, virtual_ip) > 0)
+						{
+							this->condvar->wait(this->condvar, this->mutex);
+						}
+					}
+					addrs->destroy(addrs);
+					ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+					this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+					return status;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					addr->refcount--;
+				}
+				DBG2(DBG_KNL, "virtual IP %H used by other SAs, not deleting",
+					 virtual_ip);
+				addrs->destroy(addrs);
+				ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+				this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+				return SUCCESS;
+			}
+		}
+		addrs->destroy(addrs);
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "virtual IP %H not cached, unable to delete", virtual_ip);
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Manages source routes in the routing table.
+ * By setting the appropriate nlmsg_type, the route gets added or removed.
+ */
+static status_t manage_srcroute(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, int nlmsg_type,
+								int flags, chunk_t dst_net, u_int8_t prefixlen,
+								host_t *gateway, host_t *src_ip, char *if_name)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct rtmsg *msg;
+	int ifindex;
+	chunk_t chunk;
+
+	/* if route is 0.0.0.0/0, we can't install it, as it would
+	 * overwrite the default route. Instead, we add two routes:
+	 * 0.0.0.0/1 and 128.0.0.0/1 */
+	if (this->routing_table == 0 && prefixlen == 0)
+	{
+		chunk_t half_net;
+		u_int8_t half_prefixlen;
+		status_t status;
+
+		half_net = chunk_alloca(dst_net.len);
+		memset(half_net.ptr, 0, half_net.len);
+		half_prefixlen = 1;
+
+		status = manage_srcroute(this, nlmsg_type, flags, half_net, half_prefixlen,
+					gateway, src_ip, if_name);
+		half_net.ptr[0] |= 0x80;
+		status = manage_srcroute(this, nlmsg_type, flags, half_net, half_prefixlen,
+					gateway, src_ip, if_name);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK | flags;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = nlmsg_type;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtmsg));
+
+	msg = (struct rtmsg*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	msg->rtm_family = src_ip->get_family(src_ip);
+	msg->rtm_dst_len = prefixlen;
+	msg->rtm_table = this->routing_table;
+	msg->rtm_protocol = RTPROT_STATIC;
+	msg->rtm_type = RTN_UNICAST;
+	msg->rtm_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
+
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_DST, dst_net, sizeof(request));
+	chunk = src_ip->get_address(src_ip);
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_PREFSRC, chunk, sizeof(request));
+	if (gateway && gateway->get_family(gateway) == src_ip->get_family(src_ip))
+	{
+		chunk = gateway->get_address(gateway);
+		netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_GATEWAY, chunk, sizeof(request));
+	}
+	ifindex = get_interface_index(this, if_name);
+	chunk.ptr = (char*)&ifindex;
+	chunk.len = sizeof(ifindex);
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_OIF, chunk, sizeof(request));
+
+	return this->socket->send_ack(this->socket, hdr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.add_route.
+ */
+static status_t add_route(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, chunk_t dst_net,
+		u_int8_t prefixlen, host_t *gateway, host_t *src_ip, char *if_name)
+{
+	return manage_srcroute(this, RTM_NEWROUTE, NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_EXCL,
+				dst_net, prefixlen, gateway, src_ip, if_name);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.del_route.
+ */
+static status_t del_route(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, chunk_t dst_net,
+		u_int8_t prefixlen, host_t *gateway, host_t *src_ip, char *if_name)
+{
+	return manage_srcroute(this, RTM_DELROUTE, 0, dst_net, prefixlen,
+				gateway, src_ip, if_name);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize a list of local addresses.
+ */
+static status_t init_address_list(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *out, *current, *in;
+	struct rtgenmsg *msg;
+	size_t len;
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "listening on interfaces:");
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	in = (struct nlmsghdr*)&request;
+	in->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg));
+	in->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_MATCH | NLM_F_ROOT;
+	msg = (struct rtgenmsg*)NLMSG_DATA(in);
+	msg->rtgen_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+
+	/* get all links */
+	in->nlmsg_type = RTM_GETLINK;
+	if (this->socket->send(this->socket, in, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	current = out;
+	while (NLMSG_OK(current, len))
+	{
+		switch (current->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case NLMSG_DONE:
+				break;
+			case RTM_NEWLINK:
+				process_link(this, current, FALSE);
+				/* fall through */
+			default:
+				current = NLMSG_NEXT(current, len);
+				continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	/* get all interface addresses */
+	in->nlmsg_type = RTM_GETADDR;
+	if (this->socket->send(this->socket, in, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	current = out;
+	while (NLMSG_OK(current, len))
+	{
+		switch (current->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case NLMSG_DONE:
+				break;
+			case RTM_NEWADDR:
+				process_addr(this, current, FALSE);
+				/* fall through */
+			default:
+				current = NLMSG_NEXT(current, len);
+				continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->flags & IFF_UP)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "  %s", iface->ifname);
+			addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+			while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, (void**)&addr))
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "    %H", addr->ip);
+			}
+			addrs->destroy(addrs);
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * create or delete a rule to use our routing table
+ */
+static status_t manage_rule(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this, int nlmsg_type,
+							int family, u_int32_t table, u_int32_t prio)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct rtmsg *msg;
+	chunk_t chunk;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = nlmsg_type;
+	if (nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWRULE)
+	{
+		hdr->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_EXCL;
+	}
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtmsg));
+
+	msg = (struct rtmsg*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	msg->rtm_table = table;
+	msg->rtm_family = family;
+	msg->rtm_protocol = RTPROT_BOOT;
+	msg->rtm_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
+	msg->rtm_type = RTN_UNICAST;
+
+	chunk = chunk_from_thing(prio);
+	netlink_add_attribute(hdr, RTA_PRIORITY, chunk, sizeof(request));
+
+	return this->socket->send_ack(this->socket, hdr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_netlink_net_t.destroy.
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this)
+{
+	if (this->routing_table)
+	{
+		manage_rule(this, RTM_DELRULE, AF_INET, this->routing_table,
+					this->routing_table_prio);
+		manage_rule(this, RTM_DELRULE, AF_INET6, this->routing_table,
+					this->routing_table_prio);
+	}
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_events > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_events);
+	}
+	DESTROY_IF(this->socket);
+	this->ifaces->destroy_function(this->ifaces, (void*)iface_entry_destroy);
+	this->rt_exclude->destroy(this->rt_exclude);
+	this->condvar->destroy(this->condvar);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_netlink_net_t *kernel_netlink_net_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_netlink_net_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_netlink_net_t);
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	char *exclude;
+
+	/* public functions */
+	this->public.interface.get_interface = (char*(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*))get_interface_name;
+	this->public.interface.create_address_enumerator = (enumerator_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*,bool,bool))create_address_enumerator;
+	this->public.interface.get_source_addr = (host_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*, host_t *dest, host_t *src))get_source_addr;
+	this->public.interface.get_nexthop = (host_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*, host_t *dest))get_nexthop;
+	this->public.interface.add_ip = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*,host_t*)) add_ip;
+	this->public.interface.del_ip = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*)) del_ip;
+	this->public.interface.add_route = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,chunk_t,u_int8_t,host_t*,host_t*,char*)) add_route;
+	this->public.interface.del_route = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,chunk_t,u_int8_t,host_t*,host_t*,char*)) del_route;
+	this->public.interface.destroy = (void(*)(kernel_net_t*)) destroy;
+
+	/* private members */
+	this->ifaces = linked_list_create();
+	this->mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_RECURSIVE);
+	this->condvar = condvar_create(CONDVAR_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+	timerclear(&this->last_roam);
+	this->routing_table = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
+					"%s.routing_table", ROUTING_TABLE, hydra->daemon);
+	this->routing_table_prio = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
+					"%s.routing_table_prio", ROUTING_TABLE_PRIO, hydra->daemon);
+	this->process_route = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+					"%s.process_route", TRUE, hydra->daemon);
+	this->install_virtual_ip = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+					"%s.install_virtual_ip", TRUE, hydra->daemon);
+
+	this->rt_exclude = linked_list_create();
+	exclude = lib->settings->get_str(lib->settings,
+					"%s.ignore_routing_tables", NULL, hydra->daemon);
+	if (exclude)
+	{
+		char *token;
+		uintptr_t table;
+
+		enumerator = enumerator_create_token(exclude, " ", " ");
+		while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &token))
+		{
+			errno = 0;
+			table = strtoul(token, NULL, 10);
+
+			if (errno == 0)
+			{
+				this->rt_exclude->insert_last(this->rt_exclude, (void*)table);
+			}
+		}
+		enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+	}
+
+	this->socket = netlink_socket_create(NETLINK_ROUTE);
+	this->job = NULL;
+
+	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+	addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+	/* create and bind RT socket for events (address/interface/route changes) */
+	this->socket_events = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE);
+	if (this->socket_events < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create RT event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	addr.nl_groups = RTMGRP_IPV4_IFADDR | RTMGRP_IPV6_IFADDR |
+					 RTMGRP_IPV4_ROUTE | RTMGRP_IPV4_ROUTE | RTMGRP_LINK;
+	if (bind(this->socket_events, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to bind RT event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	lib->processor->queue_job(lib->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	if (init_address_list(this) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get interface list");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (this->routing_table)
+	{
+		if (manage_rule(this, RTM_NEWRULE, AF_INET, this->routing_table,
+						this->routing_table_prio) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create IPv4 routing table rule");
+		}
+		if (manage_rule(this, RTM_NEWRULE, AF_INET6, this->routing_table,
+						this->routing_table_prio) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create IPv6 routing table rule");
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ff9831d3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_net.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_netlink_net_i kernel_netlink_net
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_netlink
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_NETLINK_NET_H_
+#define KERNEL_NETLINK_NET_H_
+
+#include <kernel/kernel_net.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_netlink_net_t kernel_netlink_net_t;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the kernel network interface using Netlink.
+ */
+struct kernel_netlink_net_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Implements kernel_net_t interface
+	 */
+	kernel_net_t interface;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a netlink kernel network interface instance.
+ *
+ * @return			kernel_netlink_net_t instance
+ */
+kernel_netlink_net_t *kernel_netlink_net_create();
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_NETLINK_NET_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..212675d1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_plugin.h"
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_ipsec.h"
+#include "kernel_netlink_net.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * private data of kernel netlink plugin
+ */
+struct private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t {
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	kernel_netlink_plugin_t public;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of plugin_t.destroy
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t *this)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->remove_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+					(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_netlink_ipsec_create);
+	hydra->kernel_interface->remove_net_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+					(kernel_net_constructor_t)kernel_netlink_net_create);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * see header file
+ */
+plugin_t *kernel_netlink_plugin_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_netlink_plugin_t);
+
+	this->public.plugin.destroy = (void(*)(plugin_t*))destroy;
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->add_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+					(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_netlink_ipsec_create);
+	hydra->kernel_interface->add_net_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+					(kernel_net_constructor_t)kernel_netlink_net_create);
+
+	return &this->public.plugin;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a795486ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_plugin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_netlink kernel_netlink
+ * @ingroup hplugins
+ *
+ * @defgroup kernel_netlink_plugin kernel_netlink_plugin
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_netlink
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_NETLINK_PLUGIN_H_
+#define KERNEL_NETLINK_PLUGIN_H_
+
+#include <plugins/plugin.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_netlink_plugin_t kernel_netlink_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * netlink kernel interface plugin
+ */
+struct kernel_netlink_plugin_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	plugin_t plugin;
+};
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_NETLINK_PLUGIN_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c26fd2e51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.c
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_shared.h"
+
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+
+typedef struct private_netlink_socket_t private_netlink_socket_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of netlink_socket_t class.
+ */
+struct private_netlink_socket_t {
+	/**
+	 * public part of the netlink_socket_t object.
+	 */
+	netlink_socket_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to netlink socket
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * current sequence number for netlink request
+	 */
+	int seq;
+
+	/**
+	 * netlink socket protocol
+	 */
+	int protocol;
+
+	/**
+	 * netlink socket
+	 */
+	int socket;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Imported from kernel_netlink_ipsec.c
+ */
+extern enum_name_t *xfrm_msg_names;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of netlink_socket_t.send
+ */
+static status_t netlink_send(private_netlink_socket_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *in,
+			  struct nlmsghdr **out, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	int len, addr_len;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	chunk_t result = chunk_empty, tmp;
+	struct nlmsghdr *msg, peek;
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+
+	in->nlmsg_seq = ++this->seq;
+	in->nlmsg_pid = getpid();
+
+	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+	addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+	addr.nl_pid = 0;
+	addr.nl_groups = 0;
+
+	if (this->protocol == NETLINK_XFRM)
+	{
+		chunk_t in_chunk = { (u_char*)in, in->nlmsg_len };
+
+		DBG3(DBG_KNL, "sending %N: %B", xfrm_msg_names, in->nlmsg_type, &in_chunk);
+	}
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		len = sendto(this->socket, in, in->nlmsg_len, 0,
+					 (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr));
+
+		if (len != in->nlmsg_len)
+		{
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+			{
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				continue;
+			}
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error sending to netlink socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		char buf[4096];
+		tmp.len = sizeof(buf);
+		tmp.ptr = buf;
+		msg = (struct nlmsghdr*)tmp.ptr;
+
+		memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+		addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+		addr.nl_pid = getpid();
+		addr.nl_groups = 0;
+		addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+
+		len = recvfrom(this->socket, tmp.ptr, tmp.len, 0,
+					   (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
+
+		if (len < 0)
+		{
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "got interrupted");
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				continue;
+			}
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error reading from netlink socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			free(result.ptr);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (!NLMSG_OK(msg, len))
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted netlink message");
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			free(result.ptr);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->nlmsg_seq != this->seq)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received invalid netlink sequence number");
+			if (msg->nlmsg_seq < this->seq)
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			free(result.ptr);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		tmp.len = len;
+		result.ptr = realloc(result.ptr, result.len + tmp.len);
+		memcpy(result.ptr + result.len, tmp.ptr, tmp.len);
+		result.len += tmp.len;
+
+		/* NLM_F_MULTI flag does not seem to be set correctly, we use sequence
+		 * numbers to detect multi header messages */
+		len = recvfrom(this->socket, &peek, sizeof(peek), MSG_PEEK | MSG_DONTWAIT,
+					   (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
+
+		if (len == sizeof(peek) && peek.nlmsg_seq == this->seq)
+		{
+			/* seems to be multipart */
+			continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*out_len = result.len;
+	*out = (struct nlmsghdr*)result.ptr;
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of netlink_socket_t.send_ack.
+ */
+static status_t netlink_send_ack(private_netlink_socket_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *in)
+{
+	struct nlmsghdr *out, *hdr;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (netlink_send(this, in, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	hdr = out;
+	while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+	{
+		switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case NLMSG_ERROR:
+			{
+				struct nlmsgerr* err = (struct nlmsgerr*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+
+				if (err->error)
+				{
+					if (-err->error == EEXIST)
+					{	/* do not report existing routes */
+						free(out);
+						return ALREADY_DONE;
+					}
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received netlink error: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					free(out);
+					return FAILED;
+				}
+				free(out);
+				return SUCCESS;
+			}
+			default:
+				hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+				continue;
+			case NLMSG_DONE:
+				break;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "netlink request not acknowledged");
+	free(out);
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of netlink_socket_t.destroy.
+ */
+static void destroy(private_netlink_socket_t *this)
+{
+	if (this->socket > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket);
+	}
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+netlink_socket_t *netlink_socket_create(int protocol)
+{
+	private_netlink_socket_t *this = malloc_thing(private_netlink_socket_t);
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+
+	/* public functions */
+	this->public.send = (status_t(*)(netlink_socket_t*,struct nlmsghdr*, struct nlmsghdr**, size_t*))netlink_send;
+	this->public.send_ack = (status_t(*)(netlink_socket_t*,struct nlmsghdr*))netlink_send_ack;
+	this->public.destroy = (void(*)(netlink_socket_t*))destroy;
+
+	/* private members */
+	this->seq = 200;
+	this->mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+
+	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+	addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+	this->protocol = protocol;
+	this->socket = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
+	if (this->socket < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create netlink socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	addr.nl_groups = 0;
+	if (bind(this->socket, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to bind netlink socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+void netlink_add_attribute(struct nlmsghdr *hdr, int rta_type, chunk_t data,
+						  size_t buflen)
+{
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+
+	if (NLMSG_ALIGN(hdr->nlmsg_len) + RTA_ALIGN(data.len) > buflen)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add attribute, buffer too small");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	rta = (struct rtattr*)(((char*)hdr) + NLMSG_ALIGN(hdr->nlmsg_len));
+	rta->rta_type = rta_type;
+	rta->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(data.len);
+	memcpy(RTA_DATA(rta), data.ptr, data.len);
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_ALIGN(hdr->nlmsg_len) + rta->rta_len;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dfd27a21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_shared.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_NETLINK_SHARED_H_
+#define KERNEL_NETLINK_SHARED_H_
+
+#include <library.h>
+
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+
+/**
+ * General purpose netlink buffer.
+ *
+ * 1024 byte is currently sufficient for all operations. Some platform
+ * require an enforced aligment to four bytes (e.g. ARM).
+ */
+typedef u_char netlink_buf_t[1024] __attribute__((aligned(RTA_ALIGNTO)));
+
+typedef struct netlink_socket_t netlink_socket_t;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper around a netlink socket.
+ */
+struct netlink_socket_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a netlink message and wait for a reply.
+	 *
+	 * @param	in		netlink message to send
+	 * @param	out 	received netlink message
+	 * @param	out_len	length of the received message
+	 */
+	status_t (*send)(netlink_socket_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *in, struct nlmsghdr **out, size_t *out_len);
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a netlink message and wait for its acknowledge.
+	 *
+	 * @param	in		netlink message to send
+	 */
+	status_t (*send_ack)(netlink_socket_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *in);
+
+	/**
+	 * Destroy the socket.
+	 */
+	void (*destroy)(netlink_socket_t *this);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a netlink_socket_t object.
+ *
+ * @param	protocol	protocol type (e.g. NETLINK_XFRM or NETLINK_ROUTE)
+ */
+netlink_socket_t *netlink_socket_create(int protocol);
+
+/**
+ * Creates an rtattr and adds it to the given netlink message.
+ *
+ * @param	hdr			netlink message
+ * @param	rta_type	type of the rtattr
+ * @param	data		data to add to the rtattr
+ * @param	buflen		length of the netlink message buffer
+ */
+void netlink_add_attribute(struct nlmsghdr *hdr, int rta_type, chunk_t data, size_t buflen);
+
+#endif /* KERNEL_NETLINK_SHARED_H_ */
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1d1488a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+INCLUDES = -I${linux_headers} -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan \
+	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
+
+if MONOLITHIC
+noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-pfkey.la
+else
+plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-pfkey.la
+endif
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_pfkey_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_pfkey_plugin.h kernel_pfkey_plugin.c \
+	kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h kernel_pfkey_ipsec.c
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_pfkey_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a98ae42d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/Makefile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,606 @@
+# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.11.1 from Makefile.am.
+# @configure_input@
+
+# Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
+# 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009  Free Software Foundation,
+# Inc.
+# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without
+# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
+# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+@SET_MAKE@
+
+VPATH = @srcdir@
+pkgdatadir = $(datadir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkgincludedir = $(includedir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibdir = $(libdir)/@PACKAGE@
+pkglibexecdir = $(libexecdir)/@PACKAGE@
+am__cd = CDPATH="$${ZSH_VERSION+.}$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" && cd
+install_sh_DATA = $(install_sh) -c -m 644
+install_sh_PROGRAM = $(install_sh) -c
+install_sh_SCRIPT = $(install_sh) -c
+INSTALL_HEADER = $(INSTALL_DATA)
+transform = $(program_transform_name)
+NORMAL_INSTALL = :
+PRE_INSTALL = :
+POST_INSTALL = :
+NORMAL_UNINSTALL = :
+PRE_UNINSTALL = :
+POST_UNINSTALL = :
+build_triplet = @build@
+host_triplet = @host@
+subdir = src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey
+DIST_COMMON = $(srcdir)/Makefile.am $(srcdir)/Makefile.in
+ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4
+am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltoptions.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltsugar.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/ltversion.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
+am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
+	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
+mkinstalldirs = $(install_sh) -d
+CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES =
+CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES =
+am__vpath_adj_setup = srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`;
+am__vpath_adj = case $$p in \
+    $(srcdir)/*) f=`echo "$$p" | sed "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||"`;; \
+    *) f=$$p;; \
+  esac;
+am__strip_dir = f=`echo $$p | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`;
+am__install_max = 40
+am__nobase_strip_setup = \
+  srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*|]/\\\\&/g'`
+am__nobase_strip = \
+  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p"; done | sed -e "s|$$srcdirstrip/||"
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+	clean-libtool clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES \
+	ctags distclean distclean-compile distclean-generic \
+	distclean-libtool distclean-tags distdir dvi dvi-am html \
+	html-am info info-am install install-am install-data \
+	install-data-am install-dvi install-dvi-am install-exec \
+	install-exec-am install-html install-html-am install-info \
+	install-info-am install-man install-pdf install-pdf-am \
+	install-pluginLTLIBRARIES install-ps install-ps-am \
+	install-strip installcheck installcheck-am installdirs \
+	maintainer-clean maintainer-clean-generic mostlyclean \
+	mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-libtool \
+	pdf pdf-am ps ps-am tags uninstall uninstall-am \
+	uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES
+
+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f5786447b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2178 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Tobias Brunner
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Andreas Steffen
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+#include <limits.h> /* for LONG_MAX */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NET_PFKEYV2_H
+#include <net/pfkeyv2.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <linux/pfkeyv2.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE
+#define HAVE_NATT
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NETIPSEC_IPSEC_H
+#include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
+#elif defined(HAVE_NETINET6_IPSEC_H)
+#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/ipsec.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NATT
+#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_UDP_H
+#include <linux/udp.h>
+#else
+#include <netinet/udp.h>
+#endif /*HAVE_LINUX_UDP_H*/
+#endif /*HAVE_NATT*/
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <utils/host.h>
+#include <utils/linked_list.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+
+/** non linux specific */
+#ifndef IPPROTO_COMP
+#ifdef IPPROTO_IPCOMP
+#define IPPROTO_COMP IPPROTO_IPCOMP
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_256HMAC
+#define SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_256HMAC SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_256
+#define SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_384HMAC SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_384
+#define SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_512HMAC SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_512
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SADB_X_EALG_AESCBC
+#define SADB_X_EALG_AESCBC SADB_X_EALG_AES
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SADB_X_EALG_CASTCBC
+#define SADB_X_EALG_CASTCBC SADB_X_EALG_CAST128CBC
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SOL_IP
+#define SOL_IP IPPROTO_IP
+#define SOL_IPV6 IPPROTO_IPV6
+#endif
+
+/** from linux/in.h */
+#ifndef IP_IPSEC_POLICY
+#define IP_IPSEC_POLICY 16
+#endif
+
+/** missing on uclibc */
+#ifndef IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY
+#define IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY 34
+#endif
+
+/** default priority of installed policies */
+#define PRIO_LOW 3000
+#define PRIO_HIGH 2000
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+/** from xnu/bsd/net/pfkeyv2.h */
+#define SADB_X_EXT_NATT 0x002
+	struct sadb_sa_2 {
+		struct sadb_sa	sa;
+		u_int16_t		sadb_sa_natt_port;
+		u_int16_t		sadb_reserved0;
+		u_int32_t		sadb_reserved1;
+	};
+#endif
+
+/** buffer size for PF_KEY messages */
+#define PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE 4096
+
+/** PF_KEY messages are 64 bit aligned */
+#define PFKEY_ALIGNMENT 8
+/** aligns len to 64 bits */
+#define PFKEY_ALIGN(len) (((len) + PFKEY_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(PFKEY_ALIGNMENT - 1))
+/** calculates the properly padded length in 64 bit chunks */
+#define PFKEY_LEN(len) ((PFKEY_ALIGN(len) / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT))
+/** calculates user mode length i.e. in bytes */
+#define PFKEY_USER_LEN(len) ((len) * PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+
+/** given a PF_KEY message header and an extension this updates the length in the header */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, ext) ((msg)->sadb_msg_len += ((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len)
+/** given a PF_KEY message header this returns a pointer to the next extension */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg) ((struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)(msg)) + PFKEY_USER_LEN((msg)->sadb_msg_len)))
+/** copy an extension and append it to a PF_KEY message */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, ext) (PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, memcpy(PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg), ext, PFKEY_USER_LEN(((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len))))
+/** given a PF_KEY extension this returns a pointer to the next extension */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_NEXT(ext) ((struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)(ext)) + PFKEY_USER_LEN(((struct sadb_ext*)ext)->sadb_ext_len)))
+/** given a PF_KEY extension this returns a pointer to the next extension also updates len (len in 64 bit words) */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_NEXT_LEN(ext,len) ((len) -= (ext)->sadb_ext_len, PFKEY_EXT_NEXT(ext))
+/** true if ext has a valid length and len is large enough to contain ext (assuming len in 64 bit words) */
+#define PFKEY_EXT_OK(ext,len) ((len) >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) && \
+				(ext)->sadb_ext_len >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) && \
+				(ext)->sadb_ext_len <= (len))
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_pfkey class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t
+{
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_pfkey_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * List of installed policies (policy_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *policies;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to install routes along policies
+	 */
+	bool install_routes;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving PF_KEY events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to the PF_KEY socket
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex_pfkey;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY socket to communicate with the kernel
+	 */
+	int socket;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY socket to receive acquire and expire events
+	 */
+	int socket_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * sequence number for messages sent to the kernel
+	 */
+	int seq;
+};
+
+typedef struct route_entry_t route_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed routing entry
+ */
+struct route_entry_t {
+	/** Name of the interface the route is bound to */
+	char *if_name;
+
+	/** Source ip of the route */
+	host_t *src_ip;
+
+	/** gateway for this route */
+	host_t *gateway;
+
+	/** Destination net */
+	chunk_t dst_net;
+
+	/** Destination net prefixlen */
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an route_entry_t object
+ */
+static void route_entry_destroy(route_entry_t *this)
+{
+	free(this->if_name);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->src_ip);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->gateway);
+	chunk_free(&this->dst_net);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct policy_entry_t policy_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed kernel policy.
+ */
+struct policy_entry_t {
+
+	/** reqid of this policy */
+	u_int32_t reqid;
+
+	/** index assigned by the kernel */
+	u_int32_t index;
+
+	/** direction of this policy: in, out, forward */
+	u_int8_t direction;
+
+	/** parameters of installed policy */
+	struct {
+		/** subnet and port */
+		host_t *net;
+		/** subnet mask */
+		u_int8_t mask;
+		/** protocol */
+		u_int8_t proto;
+	} src, dst;
+
+	/** associated route installed for this policy */
+	route_entry_t *route;
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this policy is used */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * create a policy_entry_t object
+ */
+static policy_entry_t *create_policy_entry(traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+		traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t dir, u_int32_t reqid)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *policy = malloc_thing(policy_entry_t);
+	policy->reqid = reqid;
+	policy->index = 0;
+	policy->direction = dir;
+	policy->route = NULL;
+	policy->refcount = 0;
+
+	src_ts->to_subnet(src_ts, &policy->src.net, &policy->src.mask);
+	dst_ts->to_subnet(dst_ts, &policy->dst.net, &policy->dst.mask);
+
+	/* src or dest proto may be "any" (0), use more restrictive one */
+	policy->src.proto = max(src_ts->get_protocol(src_ts), dst_ts->get_protocol(dst_ts));
+	policy->src.proto = policy->src.proto ? policy->src.proto : IPSEC_PROTO_ANY;
+	policy->dst.proto = policy->src.proto;
+
+	return policy;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy a policy_entry_t object
+ */
+static void policy_entry_destroy(policy_entry_t *this)
+{
+	DESTROY_IF(this->src.net);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->dst.net);
+	if (this->route)
+	{
+		route_entry_destroy(this->route);
+	}
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/**
+ * compares two policy_entry_t
+ */
+static inline bool policy_entry_equals(policy_entry_t *current, policy_entry_t *policy)
+{
+	return current->direction == policy->direction &&
+		   current->src.proto == policy->src.proto &&
+		   current->dst.proto == policy->dst.proto &&
+		   current->src.mask == policy->src.mask &&
+		   current->dst.mask == policy->dst.mask &&
+		   current->src.net->equals(current->src.net, policy->src.net) &&
+		   current->dst.net->equals(current->dst.net, policy->dst.net);
+}
+
+/**
+ * compare the given kernel index with that of a policy
+ */
+static inline bool policy_entry_match_byindex(policy_entry_t *current, u_int32_t *index)
+{
+	return current->index == *index;
+}
+
+typedef struct pfkey_msg_t pfkey_msg_t;
+
+struct pfkey_msg_t
+{
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY message base
+	 */
+	struct sadb_msg *msg;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_KEY message extensions
+	 */
+	union {
+		struct sadb_ext *ext[SADB_EXT_MAX + 1];
+		struct {
+			struct sadb_ext *reserved;				/* SADB_EXT_RESERVED */
+			struct sadb_sa *sa;						/* SADB_EXT_SA */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_current;		/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_CURRENT */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_hard;			/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD */
+			struct sadb_lifetime *lft_soft;			/* SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT */
+			struct sadb_address *src;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC */
+			struct sadb_address *dst;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST */
+			struct sadb_address *proxy;				/* SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_PROXY */
+			struct sadb_key *key_auth;				/* SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH */
+			struct sadb_key *key_encr;				/* SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT */
+			struct sadb_ident *id_src;				/* SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC */
+			struct sadb_ident *id_dst;				/* SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_DST */
+			struct sadb_sens *sensitivity;			/* SADB_EXT_SENSITIVITY */
+			struct sadb_prop *proposal;				/* SADB_EXT_PROPOSAL */
+			struct sadb_supported *supported_auth;	/* SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_AUTH */
+			struct sadb_supported *supported_encr;	/* SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_ENCRYPT */
+			struct sadb_spirange *spirange;			/* SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE */
+			struct sadb_x_kmprivate *x_kmprivate;	/* SADB_X_EXT_KMPRIVATE */
+			struct sadb_x_policy *x_policy;			/* SADB_X_EXT_POLICY */
+			struct sadb_x_sa2 *x_sa2;				/* SADB_X_EXT_SA2 */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_type *x_natt_type;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_port *x_natt_sport;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT */
+			struct sadb_x_nat_t_port *x_natt_dport;	/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT */
+			struct sadb_address *x_natt_oa;			/* SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_OA */
+			struct sadb_x_sec_ctx *x_sec_ctx;		/* SADB_X_EXT_SEC_CTX */
+			struct sadb_x_kmaddress *x_kmaddress;	/* SADB_X_EXT_KMADDRESS */
+		} __attribute__((__packed__));
+	};
+};
+
+ENUM(sadb_ext_type_names, SADB_EXT_RESERVED, SADB_EXT_MAX,
+	"SADB_EXT_RESERVED",
+	"SADB_EXT_SA",
+	"SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_CURRENT",
+	"SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD",
+	"SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT",
+	"SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC",
+	"SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST",
+	"SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_PROXY",
+	"SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH",
+	"SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT",
+	"SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC",
+	"SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_DST",
+	"SADB_EXT_SENSITIVITY",
+	"SADB_EXT_PROPOSAL",
+	"SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_AUTH",
+	"SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_ENCRYPT",
+	"SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_KMPRIVATE",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_POLICY",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_SA2",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_OA",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_SEC_CTX",
+	"SADB_X_EXT_KMADDRESS"
+);
+
+/**
+ * convert a protocol identifier to the PF_KEY sa type
+ */
+static u_int8_t proto2satype(u_int8_t proto)
+{
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case IPPROTO_ESP:
+			return SADB_SATYPE_ESP;
+		case IPPROTO_AH:
+			return SADB_SATYPE_AH;
+		case IPPROTO_COMP:
+			return SADB_X_SATYPE_IPCOMP;
+		default:
+			return proto;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a PF_KEY sa type to a protocol identifier
+ */
+static u_int8_t satype2proto(u_int8_t satype)
+{
+	switch (satype)
+	{
+		case SADB_SATYPE_ESP:
+			return IPPROTO_ESP;
+		case SADB_SATYPE_AH:
+			return IPPROTO_AH;
+		case SADB_X_SATYPE_IPCOMP:
+			return IPPROTO_COMP;
+		default:
+			return satype;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert the general ipsec mode to the one defined in ipsec.h
+ */
+static u_int8_t mode2kernel(ipsec_mode_t mode)
+{
+	switch (mode)
+	{
+		case MODE_TRANSPORT:
+			return IPSEC_MODE_TRANSPORT;
+		case MODE_TUNNEL:
+			return IPSEC_MODE_TUNNEL;
+#ifdef HAVE_IPSEC_MODE_BEET
+		case MODE_BEET:
+			return IPSEC_MODE_BEET;
+#endif
+		default:
+			return mode;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert the general policy direction to the one defined in ipsec.h
+ */
+static u_int8_t dir2kernel(policy_dir_t dir)
+{
+	switch (dir)
+	{
+		case POLICY_IN:
+			return IPSEC_DIR_INBOUND;
+		case POLICY_OUT:
+			return IPSEC_DIR_OUTBOUND;
+#ifdef HAVE_IPSEC_DIR_FWD
+		case POLICY_FWD:
+			return IPSEC_DIR_FWD;
+#endif
+		default:
+			return IPSEC_DIR_INVALID;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef SADB_X_MIGRATE
+/**
+ * convert the policy direction in ipsec.h to the general one.
+ */
+static policy_dir_t kernel2dir(u_int8_t  dir)
+{
+	switch (dir)
+	{
+		case IPSEC_DIR_INBOUND:
+			return POLICY_IN;
+		case IPSEC_DIR_OUTBOUND:
+			return POLICY_OUT;
+#ifdef HAVE_IPSEC_DIR_FWD
+		case IPSEC_DIR_FWD:
+			return POLICY_FWD;
+#endif
+		default:
+			return dir;
+	}
+}
+#endif /*SADB_X_MIGRATE*/
+
+typedef struct kernel_algorithm_t kernel_algorithm_t;
+
+/**
+ * Mapping of IKEv2 algorithms to PF_KEY algorithms
+ */
+struct kernel_algorithm_t {
+	/**
+	 * Identifier specified in IKEv2
+	 */
+	int ikev2;
+
+	/**
+	 * Identifier as defined in pfkeyv2.h
+	 */
+	int kernel;
+};
+
+#define END_OF_LIST -1
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for encryption
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t encryption_algs[] = {
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV64,				0							}, */
+	{ENCR_DES,					SADB_EALG_DESCBC			},
+	{ENCR_3DES,					SADB_EALG_3DESCBC			},
+/*	{ENCR_RC5,					0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_IDEA,					0							}, */
+	{ENCR_CAST,					SADB_X_EALG_CASTCBC			},
+	{ENCR_BLOWFISH,				SADB_X_EALG_BLOWFISHCBC		},
+/*	{ENCR_3IDEA,				0							}, */
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV32,				0							}, */
+	{ENCR_NULL,					SADB_EALG_NULL				},
+	{ENCR_AES_CBC,				SADB_X_EALG_AESCBC			},
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CTR,				SADB_X_EALG_AESCTR			}, */
+/*  {ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8,			SADB_X_EALG_AES_CCM_ICV8	}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12,		SADB_X_EALG_AES_CCM_ICV12	}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16,		SADB_X_EALG_AES_CCM_ICV16	}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8,			SADB_X_EALG_AES_GCM_ICV8	}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12,		SADB_X_EALG_AES_GCM_ICV12	}, */
+/*	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16,		SADB_X_EALG_AES_GCM_ICV16	}, */
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0							},
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for integrity protection
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t integrity_algs[] = {
+	{AUTH_HMAC_MD5_96,			SADB_AALG_MD5HMAC			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA1_96,			SADB_AALG_SHA1HMAC			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128,	SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_256HMAC	},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_384_192,	SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_384HMAC	},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_512_256,	SADB_X_AALG_SHA2_512HMAC	},
+/*	{AUTH_DES_MAC,				0,							}, */
+/*	{AUTH_KPDK_MD5,				0,							}, */
+#ifdef SADB_X_AALG_AES_XCBC_MAC
+	{AUTH_AES_XCBC_96,			SADB_X_AALG_AES_XCBC_MAC,	},
+#endif
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0,							},
+};
+
+#if 0
+/**
+ * Algorithms for IPComp, unused yet
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t compression_algs[] = {
+/*	{IPCOMP_OUI,				0							}, */
+	{IPCOMP_DEFLATE,			SADB_X_CALG_DEFLATE			},
+	{IPCOMP_LZS,				SADB_X_CALG_LZS				},
+	{IPCOMP_LZJH,				SADB_X_CALG_LZJH			},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				0							},
+};
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Look up a kernel algorithm ID and its key size
+ */
+static int lookup_algorithm(kernel_algorithm_t *list, int ikev2)
+{
+	while (list->ikev2 != END_OF_LIST)
+	{
+		if (ikev2 == list->ikev2)
+		{
+			return list->kernel;
+		}
+		list++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Copy a host_t as sockaddr_t to the given memory location. Ports are
+ * reset to zero as per RFC 2367.
+ * @return		the number of bytes copied
+ */
+static size_t hostcpy(void *dest, host_t *host)
+{
+	sockaddr_t *addr = host->get_sockaddr(host), *dest_addr = dest;
+	socklen_t *len = host->get_sockaddr_len(host);
+	memcpy(dest, addr, *len);
+#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
+	dest_addr->sa_len = *len;
+#endif
+	switch (dest_addr->sa_family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+		{
+			struct sockaddr_in *sin = dest;
+			sin->sin_port = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		case AF_INET6:
+		{
+			struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = dest;
+			sin6->sin6_port = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return *len;
+}
+
+/**
+ * add a host behind an sadb_address extension
+ */
+static void host2ext(host_t *host, struct sadb_address *ext)
+{
+	size_t len = hostcpy(ext + 1, host);
+	ext->sadb_address_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(*ext) + len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add a host to the given sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_addr_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, host_t *host, u_int16_t type,
+						 u_int8_t proto, u_int8_t prefixlen)
+{
+	struct sadb_address *addr = (struct sadb_address*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	addr->sadb_address_exttype = type;
+	addr->sadb_address_proto = proto;
+	addr->sadb_address_prefixlen = prefixlen;
+	host2ext(host, addr);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, addr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * adds an empty address extension to the given sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_anyaddr_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, int family, u_int8_t type)
+{
+	socklen_t len = (family == AF_INET) ? sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) :
+										  sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
+	struct sadb_address *addr = (struct sadb_address*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	addr->sadb_address_exttype = type;
+	sockaddr_t *saddr = (sockaddr_t*)(addr + 1);
+	saddr->sa_family = family;
+#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
+	saddr->sa_len = len;
+#endif
+	addr->sadb_address_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(*addr) + len);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, addr);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NATT
+/**
+ * add udp encap extensions to a sadb_msg
+ */
+static void add_encap_ext(struct sadb_msg *msg, host_t *src, host_t *dst)
+{
+	struct sadb_x_nat_t_type* nat_type;
+	struct sadb_x_nat_t_port* nat_port;
+
+	nat_type = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_type*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_TYPE;
+	nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_type));
+	nat_type->sadb_x_nat_t_type_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_type);
+
+	nat_port = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_port*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_SPORT;
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_port));
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port = htons(src->get_port(src));
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_port);
+
+	nat_port = (struct sadb_x_nat_t_port*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_NAT_T_DPORT;
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_nat_t_port));
+	nat_port->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port = htons(dst->get_port(dst));
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, nat_port);
+}
+#endif /*HAVE_NATT*/
+
+/**
+ * Convert a sadb_address to a traffic_selector
+ */
+static traffic_selector_t* sadb_address2ts(struct sadb_address *address)
+{
+	traffic_selector_t *ts;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	/* The Linux 2.6 kernel does not set the protocol and port information
+	 * in the src and dst sadb_address extensions of the SADB_ACQUIRE message.
+	 */
+	host = host_create_from_sockaddr((sockaddr_t*)&address[1])	;
+	ts = traffic_selector_create_from_subnet(host, address->sadb_address_prefixlen,
+				address->sadb_address_proto, host->get_port(host));
+	return ts;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses a pfkey message received from the kernel
+ */
+static status_t parse_pfkey_message(struct sadb_msg *msg, pfkey_msg_t *out)
+{
+	struct sadb_ext* ext;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(out, 0, sizeof(pfkey_msg_t));
+	out->msg = msg;
+
+	len = msg->sadb_msg_len;
+	len -= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	ext = (struct sadb_ext*)(((char*)msg) + sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	while (len >= PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)))
+	{
+		DBG3(DBG_KNL, "  %N", sadb_ext_type_names, ext->sadb_ext_type);
+		if (ext->sadb_ext_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_ext)) ||
+			ext->sadb_ext_len > len)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "length of %N extension is invalid",
+						   sadb_ext_type_names, ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((ext->sadb_ext_type > SADB_EXT_MAX) || (!ext->sadb_ext_type))
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "type of PF_KEY extension (%d) is invalid", ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (out->ext[ext->sadb_ext_type])
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "duplicate %N extension",
+						   sadb_ext_type_names, ext->sadb_ext_type);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		out->ext[ext->sadb_ext_type] = ext;
+		ext = PFKEY_EXT_NEXT_LEN(ext, len);
+	}
+
+	if (len)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "PF_KEY message length is invalid");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send a message to a specific PF_KEY socket and handle the response.
+ */
+static status_t pfkey_send_socket(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, int socket,
+					struct sadb_msg *in, struct sadb_msg **out, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg;
+	int in_len, len;
+
+	this->mutex_pfkey->lock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+
+	/* FIXME: our usage of sequence numbers is probably wrong. check RFC 2367,
+	 * in particular the behavior in response to an SADB_ACQUIRE. */
+	in->sadb_msg_seq = ++this->seq;
+	in->sadb_msg_pid = getpid();
+
+	in_len = PFKEY_USER_LEN(in->sadb_msg_len);
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		len = send(socket, in, in_len, 0);
+
+		if (len != in_len)
+		{
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+			{
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				continue;
+			}
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error sending to PF_KEY socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	while (TRUE)
+	{
+		msg = (struct sadb_msg*)buf;
+
+		len = recv(socket, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
+
+		if (len < 0)
+		{
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "got interrupted");
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				continue;
+			}
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error reading from PF_KEY socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (len < sizeof(struct sadb_msg) ||
+			msg->sadb_msg_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg)))
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted PF_KEY message");
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_len > len / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "buffer was too small to receive the complete PF_KEY message");
+			this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_pid != in->sadb_msg_pid)
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message is not intended for us");
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_seq != this->seq)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message with unexpected sequence "
+				 "number, was %d expected %d", msg->sadb_msg_seq, this->seq);
+			if (msg->sadb_msg_seq == 0)
+			{
+				/* FreeBSD and Mac OS X do this for the response to
+				 * SADB_X_SPDGET (but not for the response to SADB_GET).
+				 * FreeBSD: 'key_spdget' in /usr/src/sys/netipsec/key.c. */
+			}
+			else if (msg->sadb_msg_seq < this->seq)
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+		}
+		if (msg->sadb_msg_type != in->sadb_msg_type)
+		{
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received PF_KEY message of wrong type, "
+					"was %d expected %d, ignoring",
+					msg->sadb_msg_type, in->sadb_msg_type);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*out_len = len;
+	*out = (struct sadb_msg*)malloc(len);
+	memcpy(*out, buf, len);
+
+	this->mutex_pfkey->unlock(this->mutex_pfkey);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send a message to the default PF_KEY socket and handle the response.
+ */
+static status_t pfkey_send(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this,
+					struct sadb_msg *in, struct sadb_msg **out, size_t *out_len)
+{
+	return pfkey_send_socket(this, this->socket, in, out, out_len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_ACQUIRE message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_acquire(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	u_int32_t index, reqid = 0;
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	policy_entry_t *policy;
+
+	switch (msg->sadb_msg_satype)
+	{
+		case SADB_SATYPE_UNSPEC:
+		case SADB_SATYPE_ESP:
+		case SADB_SATYPE_AH:
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* acquire for AH/ESP only */
+			return;
+	}
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE");
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_ACQUIRE from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	index = response.x_policy->sadb_x_policy_id;
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_match_byindex, (void**)&policy, &index) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		reqid = policy->reqid;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_ACQUIRE with policy id %d but no"
+					  " matching policy found", index);
+	}
+	src_ts = sadb_address2ts(response.src);
+	dst_ts = sadb_address2ts(response.dst);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->acquire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, src_ts,
+									 dst_ts);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_EXPIRE message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_expire(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	u_int8_t protocol;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	bool hard;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_EXPIRE");
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_EXPIRE from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	protocol = satype2proto(msg->sadb_msg_satype);
+	spi = response.sa->sadb_sa_spi;
+	reqid = response.x_sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reqid;
+	hard = response.lft_hard != NULL;
+
+	if (protocol != IPPROTO_ESP && protocol != IPPROTO_AH)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "ignoring SADB_EXPIRE for SA with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u} "
+					  "which is not a CHILD_SA", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->expire(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid, protocol,
+									spi, hard);
+}
+
+#ifdef SADB_X_MIGRATE
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_X_MIGRATE message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_migrate(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	policy_dir_t dir;
+	u_int32_t reqid = 0;
+	host_t *local = NULL, *remote = NULL;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_X_MIGRATE");
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_X_MIGRATE from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+	src_ts = sadb_address2ts(response.src);
+	dst_ts = sadb_address2ts(response.dst);
+	dir = kernel2dir(response.x_policy->sadb_x_policy_dir);
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  policy %R === %R %N, id %u", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					 policy_dir_names, dir);
+
+	/* SADB_X_EXT_KMADDRESS is not present in unpatched kernels < 2.6.28 */
+	if (response.x_kmaddress)
+	{
+		sockaddr_t *local_addr, *remote_addr;
+		u_int32_t local_len;
+
+		local_addr  = (sockaddr_t*)&response.x_kmaddress[1];
+		local = host_create_from_sockaddr(local_addr);
+		local_len = (local_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6)?
+					sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) : sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
+		remote_addr = (sockaddr_t*)((u_int8_t*)local_addr + local_len);
+		remote = host_create_from_sockaddr(remote_addr);
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  kmaddress: %H...%H", local, remote);
+	}
+
+	if (src_ts && dst_ts && local && remote)
+	{
+		hydra->kernel_interface->migrate(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid,
+										 src_ts, dst_ts, dir, local, remote);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DESTROY_IF(src_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(dst_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(local);
+		DESTROY_IF(remote);
+	}
+}
+#endif /*SADB_X_MIGRATE*/
+
+#ifdef SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING
+/**
+ * Process a SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_mapping(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, struct sadb_msg* msg)
+{
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received an SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING");
+
+	if (parse_pfkey_message(msg, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "parsing SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING from kernel failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!response.x_sa2)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING is missing required "
+					  "information");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spi = response.sa->sadb_sa_spi;
+	reqid = response.x_sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reqid;
+
+	if (satype2proto(msg->sadb_msg_satype) == IPPROTO_ESP)
+	{
+		sockaddr_t *sa = (sockaddr_t*)(response.dst + 1);
+		switch (sa->sa_family)
+		{
+			case AF_INET:
+			{
+				struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*)sa;
+				sin->sin_port = htons(response.x_natt_dport->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port);
+			}
+			case AF_INET6:
+			{
+				struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)sa;
+				sin6->sin6_port = htons(response.x_natt_dport->sadb_x_nat_t_port_port);
+			}
+			default:
+				break;
+		}
+		host = host_create_from_sockaddr(sa);
+		if (host)
+		{
+			hydra->kernel_interface->mapping(hydra->kernel_interface, reqid,
+											 spi, host);
+		}
+	}
+}
+#endif /*SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING*/
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg = (struct sadb_msg*)buf;
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recvfrom(this->socket_events, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, 0);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from PF_KEY event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (len < sizeof(struct sadb_msg) ||
+		msg->sadb_msg_len < PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg)))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted PF_KEY message");
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+	if (msg->sadb_msg_pid != 0)
+	{	/* not from kernel. not interested, try another one */
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+	if (msg->sadb_msg_len > len / PFKEY_ALIGNMENT)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "buffer was too small to receive the complete PF_KEY message");
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	switch (msg->sadb_msg_type)
+	{
+		case SADB_ACQUIRE:
+			process_acquire(this, msg);
+			break;
+		case SADB_EXPIRE:
+			process_expire(this, msg);
+			break;
+#ifdef SADB_X_MIGRATE
+		case SADB_X_MIGRATE:
+			process_migrate(this, msg);
+			break;
+#endif /*SADB_X_MIGRATE*/
+#ifdef SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING
+		case SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING:
+			process_mapping(this, msg);
+			break;
+#endif /*SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING*/
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_spi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_x_sa2 *sa2;
+	struct sadb_spirange *range;
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	u_int32_t received_spi = 0;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_GETSPI;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa2 = (struct sadb_x_sa2*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_SA2;
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_spirange));
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reqid = reqid;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa2);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, 0, 0);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, 0, 0);
+
+	range = (struct sadb_spirange*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	range->sadb_spirange_exttype = SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE;
+	range->sadb_spirange_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_spirange));
+	range->sadb_spirange_min = 0xc0000000;
+	range->sadb_spirange_max = 0xcFFFFFFF;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, range);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "allocating SPI failed: %s (%d)",
+					strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		}
+		else if (parse_pfkey_message(out, &response) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			received_spi = response.sa->sadb_sa_spi;
+		}
+		free(out);
+	}
+
+	if (received_spi == 0)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*spi = received_spi;
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_cpi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t reqid, u_int16_t *cpi)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int32_t spi,
+	u_int8_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, mark_t mark,
+	lifetime_cfg_t *lifetime, u_int16_t enc_alg, chunk_t enc_key,
+	u_int16_t int_alg, chunk_t int_key, ipsec_mode_t mode,
+	u_int16_t ipcomp, u_int16_t cpi, bool encap, bool inbound,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	struct sadb_x_sa2 *sa2;
+	struct sadb_lifetime *lft;
+	struct sadb_key *key;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding SAD entry with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u}", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = inbound ? SADB_UPDATE : SADB_ADD;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+	if (encap)
+	{
+		struct sadb_sa_2 *sa_2;
+		sa_2 = (struct sadb_sa_2*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		sa_2->sadb_sa_natt_port = dst->get_port(dst);
+		sa = &sa_2->sa;
+		sa->sadb_sa_flags |= SADB_X_EXT_NATT;
+		len = sizeof(struct sadb_sa_2);
+	}
+	else
+#endif
+	{
+		sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		len = sizeof(struct sadb_sa);
+	}
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(len);
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	sa->sadb_sa_replay = (protocol == IPPROTO_COMP) ? 0 : 32;
+	sa->sadb_sa_auth = lookup_algorithm(integrity_algs, int_alg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_encrypt = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	sa2 = (struct sadb_x_sa2*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_SA2;
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_spirange));
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_mode = mode2kernel(mode);
+	sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reqid = reqid;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa2);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, 0, 0);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, 0, 0);
+
+	lft = (struct sadb_lifetime*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_exttype = SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_lifetime));
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_allocations = lifetime->packets.rekey;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_bytes = lifetime->bytes.rekey;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_addtime = lifetime->time.rekey;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_usetime = 0; /* we only use addtime */
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, lft);
+
+	lft = (struct sadb_lifetime*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_exttype = SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_lifetime));
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_allocations = lifetime->packets.life;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_bytes = lifetime->bytes.life;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_addtime = lifetime->time.life;
+	lft->sadb_lifetime_usetime = 0; /* we only use addtime */
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, lft);
+
+	if (enc_alg != ENCR_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		if (!sa->sadb_sa_encrypt)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+		key = (struct sadb_key*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		key->sadb_key_exttype = SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT;
+		key->sadb_key_bits = enc_key.len * 8;
+		key->sadb_key_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_key) + enc_key.len);
+		memcpy(key + 1, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, key);
+	}
+
+	if (int_alg != AUTH_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		if (!sa->sadb_sa_auth)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using integrity algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg, int_key.len * 8);
+
+		key = (struct sadb_key*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		key->sadb_key_exttype = SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH;
+		key->sadb_key_bits = int_key.len * 8;
+		key->sadb_key_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_key) + int_key.len);
+		memcpy(key + 1, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, key);
+	}
+
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE)
+	{
+		/*TODO*/
+	}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NATT
+	if (encap)
+	{
+		add_encap_ext(msg, src, dst);
+	}
+#endif /*HAVE_NATT*/
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, update_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol,
+	u_int16_t cpi, host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *new_src, host_t *new_dst,
+	bool encap, bool new_encap, mark_t mark)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	size_t len;
+
+	/* we can't update the SA if any of the ip addresses have changed.
+	 * that's because we can't use SADB_UPDATE and by deleting and readding the
+	 * SA the sequence numbers would get lost */
+	if (!src->ip_equals(src, new_src) ||
+		!dst->ip_equals(dst, new_dst))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x: address changes"
+				" are not supported", ntohl(spi));
+		return NOT_SUPPORTED;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_GET;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	/* the kernel wants a SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC to be present even though
+	 * it is not used for anything. */
+	add_anyaddr_ext(msg, dst->get_family(dst), SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, 0, 0);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x",
+				ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+			ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (parse_pfkey_message(out, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x: parsing response "
+				"from kernel failed", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "updating SAD entry with SPI %.8x from %#H..%#H to %#H..%#H",
+		 ntohl(spi), src, dst, new_src, new_dst);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_UPDATE;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+	{
+		struct sadb_sa_2 *sa_2;
+		sa_2 = (struct sadb_sa_2*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		sa_2->sa.sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa_2));
+		memcpy(&sa_2->sa, response.sa, sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+		if (encap)
+		{
+			sa_2->sadb_sa_natt_port = new_dst->get_port(new_dst);
+			sa_2->sa.sadb_sa_flags |= SADB_X_EXT_NATT;
+		}
+	}
+#else
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.sa);
+#endif
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.x_sa2);
+
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.src);
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.dst);
+
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.lft_soft);
+	PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.lft_hard);
+
+	if (response.key_encr)
+	{
+		PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.key_encr);
+	}
+
+	if (response.key_auth)
+	{
+		PFKEY_EXT_COPY(msg, response.key_auth);
+	}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_NATT
+	if (new_encap)
+	{
+		add_encap_ext(msg, new_src, new_dst);
+	}
+#endif /*HAVE_NATT*/
+
+	free(out);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, mark_t mark, u_int64_t *bytes)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_GET;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	/* the Linux Kernel doesn't care for the src address, but other systems do
+	 * (e.g. FreeBSD)
+	 */
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, 0, 0);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, 0, 0);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (parse_pfkey_message(out, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	*bytes = response.lft_current->sadb_lifetime_bytes;
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, u_int8_t protocol, u_int16_t cpi, mark_t mark)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_sa *sa;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_DELETE;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = proto2satype(protocol);
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	sa = (struct sadb_sa*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	sa->sadb_sa_exttype = SADB_EXT_SA;
+	sa->sadb_sa_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_sa));
+	sa->sadb_sa_spi = spi;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, sa);
+
+	/* the Linux Kernel doesn't care for the src address, but other systems do
+	 * (e.g. FreeBSD)
+	 */
+	add_addr_ext(msg, src, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, 0, 0);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, dst, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, 0, 0);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x: %s (%d)",
+				ntohl(spi), strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleted SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts,
+	policy_dir_t direction, policy_type_t type, ipsec_sa_cfg_t *sa,
+	mark_t mark, bool routed)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_x_policy *pol;
+	struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest *req;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (dir2kernel(direction) == IPSEC_DIR_INVALID)
+	{
+		/* FWD policies are not supported on all platforms */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction, sa->reqid);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		/* use existing policy */
+		found->refcount++;
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy %R === %R %N already exists, increasing "
+					  "refcount", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		policy = found;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* apply the new one, if we have no such policy */
+		this->policies->insert_last(this->policies, policy);
+		policy->refcount = 1;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = found ? SADB_X_SPDUPDATE : SADB_X_SPDADD;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = 0;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	pol = (struct sadb_x_policy*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_POLICY;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_policy));
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_id = 0;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_dir = dir2kernel(direction);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_type = IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC;
+#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_SADB_X_POLICY_SADB_X_POLICY_PRIORITY
+	/* calculate priority based on source selector size, small size = high prio */
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_priority = routed ? PRIO_LOW : PRIO_HIGH;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_priority -= policy->src.mask * 10;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_priority -= policy->src.proto != IPSEC_PROTO_ANY ? 2 : 0;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_priority -= policy->src.net->get_port(policy->src.net) ? 1 : 0;
+#endif
+
+	/* one or more sadb_x_ipsecrequest extensions are added to the sadb_x_policy extension */
+	req = (struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest*)(pol + 1);
+	req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_proto = sa->esp.use ? IPPROTO_ESP : IPPROTO_AH;
+	/* !!! the length of this struct MUST be in octets instead of 64 bit words */
+	req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len = sizeof(struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest);
+	req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_mode = mode2kernel(sa->mode);
+	req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_reqid = sa->reqid;
+	req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_level = IPSEC_LEVEL_UNIQUE;
+	if (sa->mode == MODE_TUNNEL)
+	{
+		len = hostcpy(req + 1, src);
+		req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len += len;
+		len = hostcpy((char*)(req + 1) + len, dst);
+		req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len += len;
+	}
+
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_len += PFKEY_LEN(req->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len);
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, pol);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->src.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, policy->src.proto,
+				 policy->src.mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->dst.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, policy->dst.proto,
+				 policy->dst.mask);
+
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+	{	/* on FreeBSD a lifetime has to be defined to be able to later query
+		 * the current use time. */
+		struct sadb_lifetime *lft;
+		lft = (struct sadb_lifetime*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+		lft->sadb_lifetime_exttype = SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD;
+		lft->sadb_lifetime_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_lifetime));
+		lft->sadb_lifetime_addtime = LONG_MAX;
+		PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, lft);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (parse_pfkey_message(out, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N: parsing response "
+				"from kernel failed", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* we try to find the policy again and update the kernel index */
+	if (this->policies->find_last(this->policies, NULL, (void**)&policy) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "unable to update index, the policy %R === %R %N is "
+				"already gone, ignoring", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		free(out);
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+	policy->index = response.x_policy->sadb_x_policy_id;
+	free(out);
+
+	/* install a route, if:
+	 * - we are NOT updating a policy
+	 * - this is a forward policy (to just get one for each child)
+	 * - we are in tunnel mode
+	 * - we are not using IPv6 (does not work correctly yet!)
+	 * - routing is not disabled via strongswan.conf
+	 */
+	if (policy->route == NULL && direction == POLICY_FWD &&
+		sa->mode != MODE_TRANSPORT && src->get_family(src) != AF_INET6 &&
+		this->install_routes)
+	{
+		route_entry_t *route = malloc_thing(route_entry_t);
+
+		if (hydra->kernel_interface->get_address_by_ts(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				dst_ts, &route->src_ip) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			/* get the nexthop to src (src as we are in POLICY_FWD).*/
+			route->gateway = hydra->kernel_interface->get_nexthop(
+									hydra->kernel_interface, src);
+			route->if_name = hydra->kernel_interface->get_interface(
+									hydra->kernel_interface, dst);
+			route->dst_net = chunk_clone(policy->src.net->get_address(policy->src.net));
+			route->prefixlen = policy->src.mask;
+
+			if (route->if_name)
+			{
+				switch (hydra->kernel_interface->add_route(
+									hydra->kernel_interface, route->dst_net,
+									route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+									route->src_ip, route->if_name))
+				{
+					default:
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to install source route for %H",
+							 route->src_ip);
+						/* FALL */
+					case ALREADY_DONE:
+						/* route exists, do not uninstall */
+						route_entry_destroy(route);
+						break;
+					case SUCCESS:
+						/* cache the installed route */
+						policy->route = route;
+						break;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				route_entry_destroy(route);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			free(route);
+		}
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	u_int32_t *use_time)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_x_policy *pol;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	pfkey_msg_t response;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (dir2kernel(direction) == IPSEC_DIR_INVALID)
+	{
+		/* FWD policies are not supported on all platforms */
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction, 0);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N failed, not found", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+	policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+	policy = found;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_X_SPDGET;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = 0;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	pol = (struct sadb_x_policy*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_POLICY;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_id = policy->index;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_policy));
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_dir = dir2kernel(direction);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_type = IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, pol);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->src.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, policy->src.proto,
+				 policy->src.mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->dst.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, policy->dst.proto,
+				 policy->dst.mask);
+
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (parse_pfkey_message(out, &response) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: parsing response "
+				"from kernel failed", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (response.lft_current == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N: kernel reports no "
+			 "use time", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	/* we need the monotonic time, but the kernel returns system time. */
+	if (response.lft_current->sadb_lifetime_usetime)
+	{
+		*use_time = time_monotonic(NULL) -
+					(time(NULL) - response.lft_current->sadb_lifetime_usetime);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*use_time = 0;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, mark_t mark,
+	bool unrouted)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	struct sadb_x_policy *pol;
+	policy_entry_t *policy, *found = NULL;
+	route_entry_t *route;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (dir2kernel(direction) == IPSEC_DIR_INVALID)
+	{
+		/* FWD policies are not supported on all platforms */
+		return SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = create_policy_entry(src_ts, dst_ts, direction, 0);
+
+	/* find a matching policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	if (this->policies->find_first(this->policies,
+			(linked_list_match_t)policy_entry_equals, (void**)&found, policy) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (--found->refcount > 0)
+		{
+			/* is used by more SAs, keep in kernel */
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy still used by another CHILD_SA, not removed");
+			policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+		/* remove if last reference */
+		this->policies->remove(this->policies, found, NULL);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		policy = found;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N failed, not found", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+		this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_X_SPDDELETE;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = 0;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	pol = (struct sadb_x_policy*)PFKEY_EXT_ADD_NEXT(msg);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_POLICY;
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_x_policy));
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_dir = dir2kernel(direction);
+	pol->sadb_x_policy_type = IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC;
+	PFKEY_EXT_ADD(msg, pol);
+
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->src.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC, policy->src.proto,
+				 policy->src.mask);
+	add_addr_ext(msg, policy->dst.net, SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST, policy->dst.proto,
+				 policy->dst.mask);
+
+	route = policy->route;
+	policy->route = NULL;
+	policy_entry_destroy(policy);
+
+	if (pfkey_send(this, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N: %s (%d)", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction,
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	if (route)
+	{
+		if (hydra->kernel_interface->del_route(hydra->kernel_interface,
+				route->dst_net, route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+				route->src_ip, route->if_name) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error uninstalling route installed with "
+						  "policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+						   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		route_entry_destroy(route);
+	}
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Register a socket for AQUIRE/EXPIRE messages
+ */
+static status_t register_pfkey_socket(private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this,
+									  u_int8_t satype)
+{
+	unsigned char request[PFKEY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct sadb_msg *msg, *out;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	msg = (struct sadb_msg*)request;
+	msg->sadb_msg_version = PF_KEY_V2;
+	msg->sadb_msg_type = SADB_REGISTER;
+	msg->sadb_msg_satype = satype;
+	msg->sadb_msg_len = PFKEY_LEN(sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
+
+	if (pfkey_send_socket(this, this->socket_events, msg, &out, &len) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY socket");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	else if (out->sadb_msg_errno)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY socket: %s (%d)",
+					   strerror(out->sadb_msg_errno), out->sadb_msg_errno);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, bypass_socket, bool,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this, int fd, int family)
+{
+	struct sadb_x_policy policy;
+	u_int sol, ipsec_policy;
+
+	switch (family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+		{
+			sol = SOL_IP;
+			ipsec_policy = IP_IPSEC_POLICY;
+			break;
+		}
+		case AF_INET6:
+		{
+			sol = SOL_IPV6;
+			ipsec_policy = IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY;
+			break;
+		}
+		default:
+			return FALSE;
+	}
+
+	memset(&policy, 0, sizeof(policy));
+	policy.sadb_x_policy_len = sizeof(policy) / sizeof(u_int64_t);
+	policy.sadb_x_policy_exttype = SADB_X_EXT_POLICY;
+	policy.sadb_x_policy_type = IPSEC_POLICY_BYPASS;
+
+	policy.sadb_x_policy_dir = IPSEC_DIR_OUTBOUND;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	policy.sadb_x_policy_dir = IPSEC_DIR_INBOUND;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, destroy, void,
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_events > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_events);
+	}
+	this->policies->destroy_function(this->policies, (void*)policy_entry_destroy);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	this->mutex_pfkey->destroy(this->mutex_pfkey);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *kernel_pfkey_ipsec_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *this;
+
+	INIT(this,
+		.public = {
+			.interface = {
+				.get_spi = _get_spi,
+				.get_cpi = _get_cpi,
+				.add_sa  = _add_sa,
+				.update_sa = _update_sa,
+				.query_sa = _query_sa,
+				.del_sa = _del_sa,
+				.add_policy = _add_policy,
+				.query_policy = _query_policy,
+				.del_policy = _del_policy,
+				.bypass_socket = _bypass_socket,
+				.destroy = _destroy,
+			},
+		},
+		.policies = linked_list_create(),
+		.mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.mutex_pfkey = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.install_routes = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+												  "%s.install_routes", TRUE,
+												  hydra->daemon),
+	);
+
+	if (streq(hydra->daemon, "pluto"))
+	{	/* no routes for pluto, they are installed via updown script */
+		this->install_routes = FALSE;
+	}
+
+	/* create a PF_KEY socket to communicate with the kernel */
+	this->socket = socket(PF_KEY, SOCK_RAW, PF_KEY_V2);
+	if (this->socket <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_KEY socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* create a PF_KEY socket for ACQUIRE & EXPIRE */
+	this->socket_events = socket(PF_KEY, SOCK_RAW, PF_KEY_V2);
+	if (this->socket_events <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_KEY event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* register the event socket */
+	if (register_pfkey_socket(this, SADB_SATYPE_ESP) != SUCCESS ||
+		register_pfkey_socket(this, SADB_SATYPE_AH) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to register PF_KEY event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	lib->processor->queue_job(lib->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..649f93733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfkey_ipsec_i kernel_pfkey_ipsec
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_pfkey
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_PFKEY_IPSEC_H_
+#define KERNEL_PFKEY_IPSEC_H_
+
+#include <kernel/kernel_ipsec.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the kernel ipsec interface using PF_KEY.
+ */
+struct kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Implements kernel_ipsec_t interface
+	 */
+	kernel_ipsec_t interface;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a PF_KEY kernel ipsec interface instance.
+ *
+ * @return			kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t instance
+ */
+kernel_pfkey_ipsec_t *kernel_pfkey_ipsec_create();
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_PFKEY_IPSEC_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..781ba5008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+
+#include "kernel_pfkey_plugin.h"
+
+#include "kernel_pfkey_ipsec.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * private data of kernel PF_KEY plugin
+ */
+struct private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t {
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	kernel_pfkey_plugin_t public;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of plugin_t.destroy
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t *this)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->remove_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_pfkey_ipsec_create);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * see header file
+ */
+plugin_t *kernel_pfkey_plugin_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_pfkey_plugin_t);
+
+	this->public.plugin.destroy = (void(*)(plugin_t*))destroy;
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->add_ipsec_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_ipsec_constructor_t)kernel_pfkey_ipsec_create);
+
+	return &this->public.plugin;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..51db4d8d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfkey/kernel_pfkey_plugin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfkey kernel_pfkey
+ * @ingroup hplugins
+ *
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfkey_plugin kernel_pfkey_plugin
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_pfkey
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_PFKEY_PLUGIN_H_
+#define KERNEL_PFKEY_PLUGIN_H_
+
+#include <plugins/plugin.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_pfkey_plugin_t kernel_pfkey_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * PF_KEY kernel interface plugin
+ */
+struct kernel_pfkey_plugin_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	plugin_t plugin;
+};
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_PFKEY_PLUGIN_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df3109eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+INCLUDES = -I${linux_headers} -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan \
+	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic
+
+if MONOLITHIC
+noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-pfroute.la
+else
+plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libstrongswan-kernel-pfroute.la
+endif
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_pfroute_la_SOURCES = \
+	kernel_pfroute_plugin.h kernel_pfroute_plugin.c \
+	kernel_pfroute_net.h kernel_pfroute_net.c
+
+libstrongswan_kernel_pfroute_la_LDFLAGS = -module -avoid-version
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b0bc00c70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/Makefile.in
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+	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
+	    fi; \
+	    cp -fpR $$d/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
+	  else \
+	    test -f "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || cp -p $$d/$$file "$(distdir)/$$file" \
+	    || exit 1; \
+	  fi; \
+	done
+check-am: all-am
+check: check-am
+all-am: Makefile $(LTLIBRARIES)
+installdirs:
+	for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(plugindir)"; do \
+	  test -z "$$dir" || $(MKDIR_P) "$$dir"; \
+	done
+install: install-am
+install-exec: install-exec-am
+install-data: install-data-am
+uninstall: uninstall-am
+
+install-am: all-am
+	@$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install-exec-am install-data-am
+
+installcheck: installcheck-am
+install-strip:
+	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) INSTALL_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" \
+	  install_sh_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG=-s \
+	  `test -z '$(STRIP)' || \
+	    echo "INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV=STRIPPROG='$(STRIP)'"` install
+mostlyclean-generic:
+
+clean-generic:
+
+distclean-generic:
+	-test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)
+	-test . = "$(srcdir)" || test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)
+
+maintainer-clean-generic:
+	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use"
+	@echo "it deletes files that may require special tools to rebuild."
+clean: clean-am
+
+clean-am: clean-generic clean-libtool clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES \
+	clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES mostlyclean-am
+
+distclean: distclean-am
+	-rm -rf ./$(DEPDIR)
+	-rm -f Makefile
+distclean-am: clean-am distclean-compile distclean-generic \
+	distclean-tags
+
+dvi: dvi-am
+
+dvi-am:
+
+html: html-am
+
+html-am:
+
+info: info-am
+
+info-am:
+
+install-data-am: install-pluginLTLIBRARIES
+
+install-dvi: install-dvi-am
+
+install-dvi-am:
+
+install-exec-am:
+
+install-html: install-html-am
+
+install-html-am:
+
+install-info: install-info-am
+
+install-info-am:
+
+install-man:
+
+install-pdf: install-pdf-am
+
+install-pdf-am:
+
+install-ps: install-ps-am
+
+install-ps-am:
+
+installcheck-am:
+
+maintainer-clean: maintainer-clean-am
+	-rm -rf ./$(DEPDIR)
+	-rm -f Makefile
+maintainer-clean-am: distclean-am maintainer-clean-generic
+
+mostlyclean: mostlyclean-am
+
+mostlyclean-am: mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic \
+	mostlyclean-libtool
+
+pdf: pdf-am
+
+pdf-am:
+
+ps: ps-am
+
+ps-am:
+
+uninstall-am: uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES
+
+.MAKE: install-am install-strip
+
+.PHONY: CTAGS GTAGS all all-am check check-am clean clean-generic \
+	clean-libtool clean-noinstLTLIBRARIES clean-pluginLTLIBRARIES \
+	ctags distclean distclean-compile distclean-generic \
+	distclean-libtool distclean-tags distdir dvi dvi-am html \
+	html-am info info-am install install-am install-data \
+	install-data-am install-dvi install-dvi-am install-exec \
+	install-exec-am install-html install-html-am install-info \
+	install-info-am install-man install-pdf install-pdf-am \
+	install-pluginLTLIBRARIES install-ps install-ps-am \
+	install-strip installcheck installcheck-am installdirs \
+	maintainer-clean maintainer-clean-generic mostlyclean \
+	mostlyclean-compile mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-libtool \
+	pdf pdf-am ps ps-am tags uninstall uninstall-am \
+	uninstall-pluginLTLIBRARIES
+
+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..59fc915fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.c
@@ -0,0 +1,742 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <ifaddrs.h>
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "kernel_pfroute_net.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+#include <debug.h>
+#include <utils/host.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <utils/linked_list.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
+#error Cannot compile this plugin on systems where 'struct sockaddr' has no sa_len member.
+#endif
+
+/** delay before firing roam events (ms) */
+#define ROAM_DELAY 100
+
+/** buffer size for PF_ROUTE messages */
+#define PFROUTE_BUFFER_SIZE 4096
+
+typedef struct addr_entry_t addr_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * IP address in an inface_entry_t
+ */
+struct addr_entry_t {
+
+	/** The ip address */
+	host_t *ip;
+
+	/** virtual IP managed by us */
+	bool virtual;
+
+	/** Number of times this IP is used, if virtual */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy a addr_entry_t object
+ */
+static void addr_entry_destroy(addr_entry_t *this)
+{
+	this->ip->destroy(this->ip);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct iface_entry_t iface_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * A network interface on this system, containing addr_entry_t's
+ */
+struct iface_entry_t {
+
+	/** interface index */
+	int ifindex;
+
+	/** name of the interface */
+	char ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+	/** interface flags, as in netdevice(7) SIOCGIFFLAGS */
+	u_int flags;
+
+	/** list of addresses as host_t */
+	linked_list_t *addrs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an interface entry
+ */
+static void iface_entry_destroy(iface_entry_t *this)
+{
+	this->addrs->destroy_function(this->addrs, (void*)addr_entry_destroy);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_pfroute_net_t private_kernel_pfroute_net_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_pfroute class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_pfroute_net_t
+{
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_pfroute_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_pfroute_net_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * Cached list of interfaces and their addresses (iface_entry_t)
+	 */
+	linked_list_t *ifaces;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving PF_ROUTE events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to the PF_ROUTE socket
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex_pfroute;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_ROUTE socket to communicate with the kernel
+	 */
+	int socket;
+
+	/**
+	 * PF_ROUTE socket to receive events
+	 */
+	int socket_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * sequence number for messages sent to the kernel
+	 */
+	int seq;
+
+	/**
+	 * time of last roam event
+	 */
+	timeval_t last_roam;
+};
+
+/**
+ * callback function that raises the delayed roam event
+ */
+static job_requeue_t roam_event(uintptr_t address)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->roam(hydra->kernel_interface, address != 0);
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_NONE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * fire a roaming event. we delay it for a bit and fire only one event
+ * for multiple calls. otherwise we would create too many events.
+ */
+static void fire_roam_event(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, bool address)
+{
+	timeval_t now;
+	job_t *job;
+
+	time_monotonic(&now);
+	if (timercmp(&now, &this->last_roam, >))
+	{
+		now.tv_usec += ROAM_DELAY * 1000;
+		while (now.tv_usec > 1000000)
+		{
+			now.tv_sec++;
+			now.tv_usec -= 1000000;
+		}
+		this->last_roam = now;
+
+		job = (job_t*)callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)roam_event,
+										  (void*)(uintptr_t)(address ? 1 : 0),
+										  NULL, NULL);
+		lib->scheduler->schedule_job_ms(lib->scheduler, job, ROAM_DELAY);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process an RTM_*ADDR message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_addr(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+						 struct rt_msghdr *msg)
+{
+	struct ifa_msghdr *ifa = (struct ifa_msghdr*)msg;
+	sockaddr_t *sockaddr = (sockaddr_t*)(ifa + 1);
+	host_t *host = NULL;
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	bool found = FALSE, changed = FALSE, roam = FALSE;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < (1 << RTAX_MAX); i <<= 1)
+	{
+		if (ifa->ifam_addrs & i)
+		{
+			if (RTA_IFA & i)
+			{
+				host = host_create_from_sockaddr(sockaddr);
+				break;
+			}
+			sockaddr = (sockaddr_t*)((char*)sockaddr + sockaddr->sa_len);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!host)
+	{
+		return;
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->ifindex == ifa->ifam_index)
+		{
+			addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+			while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+			{
+				if (host->ip_equals(host, addr->ip))
+				{
+					found = TRUE;
+					if (ifa->ifam_type == RTM_DELADDR)
+					{
+						iface->addrs->remove_at(iface->addrs, addrs);
+						if (!addr->virtual)
+						{
+							changed = TRUE;
+							DBG1(DBG_KNL, "%H disappeared from %s",
+								 host, iface->ifname);
+						}
+						addr_entry_destroy(addr);
+					}
+					else if (ifa->ifam_type == RTM_NEWADDR && addr->virtual)
+					{
+						addr->refcount = 1;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			addrs->destroy(addrs);
+
+			if (!found && ifa->ifam_type == RTM_NEWADDR)
+			{
+				changed = TRUE;
+				addr = malloc_thing(addr_entry_t);
+				addr->ip = host->clone(host);
+				addr->virtual = FALSE;
+				addr->refcount = 1;
+				iface->addrs->insert_last(iface->addrs, addr);
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "%H appeared on %s", host, iface->ifname);
+			}
+
+			if (changed && (iface->flags & IFF_UP))
+			{
+				roam = TRUE;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	host->destroy(host);
+
+	if (roam)
+	{
+		fire_roam_event(this, TRUE);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process an RTM_IFINFO message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_link(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+						 struct rt_msghdr *hdr)
+{
+	struct if_msghdr *msg = (struct if_msghdr*)hdr;
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	bool roam = FALSE;
+
+	if (msg->ifm_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
+	{	/* ignore loopback interfaces */
+		return;
+	}
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	enumerator = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->ifindex == msg->ifm_index)
+		{
+			if (!(iface->flags & IFF_UP) && (msg->ifm_flags & IFF_UP))
+			{
+				roam = TRUE;
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "interface %s activated", iface->ifname);
+			}
+			else if ((iface->flags & IFF_UP) && !(msg->ifm_flags & IFF_UP))
+			{
+				roam = TRUE;
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "interface %s deactivated", iface->ifname);
+			}
+			iface->flags = msg->ifm_flags;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (roam)
+	{
+		fire_roam_event(this, TRUE);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process an RTM_*ROUTE message from the kernel
+ */
+static void process_route(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+						  struct rt_msghdr *msg)
+{
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this)
+{
+	unsigned char buf[PFROUTE_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	struct rt_msghdr *msg = (struct rt_msghdr*)buf;
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recvfrom(this->socket_events, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, 0);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from PF_ROUTE event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (len < sizeof(msg->rtm_msglen) || len < msg->rtm_msglen ||
+		msg->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received corrupted PF_ROUTE message");
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	switch (msg->rtm_type)
+	{
+		case RTM_NEWADDR:
+		case RTM_DELADDR:
+			process_addr(this, msg);
+			break;
+		case RTM_IFINFO:
+		/*case RTM_IFANNOUNCE <- what about this*/
+			process_link(this, msg);
+			break;
+		case RTM_ADD:
+		case RTM_DELETE:
+			process_route(this, msg);
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+
+/** enumerator over addresses */
+typedef struct {
+	private_kernel_pfroute_net_t* this;
+	/** whether to enumerate down interfaces */
+	bool include_down_ifaces;
+	/** whether to enumerate virtual ip addresses */
+	bool include_virtual_ips;
+} address_enumerator_t;
+
+/**
+ * cleanup function for address enumerator
+ */
+static void address_enumerator_destroy(address_enumerator_t *data)
+{
+	data->this->mutex->unlock(data->this->mutex);
+	free(data);
+}
+
+/**
+ * filter for addresses
+ */
+static bool filter_addresses(address_enumerator_t *data, addr_entry_t** in, host_t** out)
+{
+	host_t *ip;
+	if (!data->include_virtual_ips && (*in)->virtual)
+	{   /* skip virtual interfaces added by us */
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	ip = (*in)->ip;
+	if (ip->get_family(ip) == AF_INET6)
+	{
+		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)ip->get_sockaddr(ip);
+		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6->sin6_addr))
+		{   /* skip addresses with a unusable scope */
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+	}
+	*out = ip;
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * enumerator constructor for interfaces
+ */
+static enumerator_t *create_iface_enumerator(iface_entry_t *iface, address_enumerator_t *data)
+{
+	return enumerator_create_filter(iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs),
+									(void*)filter_addresses, data, NULL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * filter for interfaces
+ */
+static bool filter_interfaces(address_enumerator_t *data, iface_entry_t** in, iface_entry_t** out)
+{
+	if (!data->include_down_ifaces && !((*in)->flags & IFF_UP))
+	{   /* skip interfaces not up */
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	*out = *in;
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * implementation of kernel_net_t.create_address_enumerator
+ */
+static enumerator_t *create_address_enumerator(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+		bool include_down_ifaces, bool include_virtual_ips)
+{
+	address_enumerator_t *data = malloc_thing(address_enumerator_t);
+	data->this = this;
+	data->include_down_ifaces = include_down_ifaces;
+	data->include_virtual_ips = include_virtual_ips;
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	return enumerator_create_nested(
+				enumerator_create_filter(this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces),
+						(void*)filter_interfaces, data, NULL),
+				(void*)create_iface_enumerator, data, (void*)address_enumerator_destroy);
+}
+
+/**
+ * implementation of kernel_net_t.get_interface_name
+ */
+static char *get_interface_name(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, host_t* ip)
+{
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+	iface_entry_t *iface;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	char *name = NULL;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting interface name for %H", ip);
+
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+		while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, &addr))
+		{
+			if (ip->ip_equals(ip, addr->ip))
+			{
+				name = strdup(iface->ifname);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		addrs->destroy(addrs);
+		if (name)
+		{
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	if (name)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "%H is on interface %s", ip, name);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "%H is not a local address", ip);
+	}
+	return name;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.get_source_addr.
+ */
+static host_t* get_source_addr(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+							   host_t *dest, host_t *src)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.get_nexthop.
+ */
+static host_t* get_nexthop(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, host_t *dest)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.add_ip.
+ */
+static status_t add_ip(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this,
+						host_t *virtual_ip, host_t *iface_ip)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.del_ip.
+ */
+static status_t del_ip(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, host_t *virtual_ip)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.add_route.
+ */
+static status_t add_route(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, chunk_t dst_net,
+		u_int8_t prefixlen, host_t *gateway, host_t *src_ip, char *if_name)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_net_t.del_route.
+ */
+static status_t del_route(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this, chunk_t dst_net,
+		u_int8_t prefixlen, host_t *gateway, host_t *src_ip, char *if_name)
+{
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize a list of local addresses.
+ */
+static status_t init_address_list(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this)
+{
+	struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
+	iface_entry_t *iface, *current;
+	addr_entry_t *addr;
+	enumerator_t *ifaces, *addrs;
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "listening on interfaces:");
+
+	if (getifaddrs(&ifap) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "  failed to get interfaces!");
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next)
+	{
+		if (ifa->ifa_addr == NULL)
+		{
+			continue;
+		}
+		switch(ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family)
+		{
+			case AF_LINK:
+			case AF_INET:
+			case AF_INET6:
+			{
+				if (ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
+				{	/* ignore loopback interfaces */
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				iface = NULL;
+				ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+				while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &current))
+				{
+					if (streq(current->ifname, ifa->ifa_name))
+					{
+						iface = current;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+
+				if (!iface)
+				{
+					iface = malloc_thing(iface_entry_t);
+					memcpy(iface->ifname, ifa->ifa_name, IFNAMSIZ);
+					iface->ifindex = if_nametoindex(ifa->ifa_name);
+					iface->flags = ifa->ifa_flags;
+					iface->addrs = linked_list_create();
+					this->ifaces->insert_last(this->ifaces, iface);
+				}
+
+				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
+				{
+					addr = malloc_thing(addr_entry_t);
+					addr->ip = host_create_from_sockaddr(ifa->ifa_addr);
+					addr->virtual = FALSE;
+					addr->refcount = 1;
+					iface->addrs->insert_last(iface->addrs, addr);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	freeifaddrs(ifap);
+
+	ifaces = this->ifaces->create_enumerator(this->ifaces);
+	while (ifaces->enumerate(ifaces, &iface))
+	{
+		if (iface->flags & IFF_UP)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "  %s", iface->ifname);
+			addrs = iface->addrs->create_enumerator(iface->addrs);
+			while (addrs->enumerate(addrs, (void**)&addr))
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "    %H", addr->ip);
+			}
+			addrs->destroy(addrs);
+		}
+	}
+	ifaces->destroy(ifaces);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of kernel_netlink_net_t.destroy.
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this)
+{
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_events)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_events);
+	}
+	this->ifaces->destroy_function(this->ifaces, (void*)iface_entry_destroy);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	this->mutex_pfroute->destroy(this->mutex_pfroute);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_pfroute_net_t *kernel_pfroute_net_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_pfroute_net_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_pfroute_net_t);
+
+	/* public functions */
+	this->public.interface.get_interface = (char*(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*))get_interface_name;
+	this->public.interface.create_address_enumerator = (enumerator_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*,bool,bool))create_address_enumerator;
+	this->public.interface.get_source_addr = (host_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*, host_t *dest, host_t *src))get_source_addr;
+	this->public.interface.get_nexthop = (host_t*(*)(kernel_net_t*, host_t *dest))get_nexthop;
+	this->public.interface.add_ip = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*,host_t*)) add_ip;
+	this->public.interface.del_ip = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,host_t*)) del_ip;
+	this->public.interface.add_route = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,chunk_t,u_int8_t,host_t*,host_t*,char*)) add_route;
+	this->public.interface.del_route = (status_t(*)(kernel_net_t*,chunk_t,u_int8_t,host_t*,host_t*,char*)) del_route;
+
+	this->public.interface.destroy = (void(*)(kernel_net_t*)) destroy;
+
+	/* private members */
+	this->ifaces = linked_list_create();
+	this->mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+	this->mutex_pfroute = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+
+	this->seq = 0;
+	this->socket_events = 0;
+	this->job = NULL;
+
+	/* create a PF_ROUTE socket to communicate with the kernel */
+	this->socket = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, AF_UNSPEC);
+	if (this->socket < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_ROUTE socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* create a PF_ROUTE socket to receive events */
+	this->socket_events = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, AF_UNSPEC);
+	if (this->socket_events < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create PF_ROUTE event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	lib->processor->queue_job(lib->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	if (init_address_list(this) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get interface list");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..10c3c9eb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_net.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfroute_net_i kernel_pfroute_net
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_pfroute
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_PFROUTE_NET_H_
+#define KERNEL_PFROUTE_NET_H_
+
+#include <kernel/kernel_net.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_pfroute_net_t kernel_pfroute_net_t;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the kernel net interface using PF_ROUTE.
+ */
+struct kernel_pfroute_net_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * Implements kernel_net_t interface
+	 */
+	kernel_net_t interface;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create a PF_ROUTE kernel net interface instance.
+ *
+ * @return			kernel_pfroute_net_t instance
+ */
+kernel_pfroute_net_t *kernel_pfroute_net_create();
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_PFROUTE_NET_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.c b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f351bd72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+
+#include "kernel_pfroute_plugin.h"
+
+#include "kernel_pfroute_net.h"
+
+#include <hydra.h>
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * private data of kernel PF_ROUTE plugin
+ */
+struct private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t {
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	kernel_pfroute_plugin_t public;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of plugin_t.destroy
+ */
+static void destroy(private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t *this)
+{
+	hydra->kernel_interface->remove_net_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_net_constructor_t)kernel_pfroute_net_create);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * see header file
+ */
+plugin_t *kernel_pfroute_plugin_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t *this = malloc_thing(private_kernel_pfroute_plugin_t);
+
+	this->public.plugin.destroy = (void(*)(plugin_t*))destroy;
+
+	hydra->kernel_interface->add_net_interface(hydra->kernel_interface,
+						(kernel_net_constructor_t)kernel_pfroute_net_create);
+
+	return &this->public.plugin;
+}
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.h b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b8ee31a1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/kernel_pfroute/kernel_pfroute_plugin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Tobias Brunner
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfroute kernel_pfroute
+ * @ingroup hplugins
+ *
+ * @defgroup kernel_pfroute_plugin kernel_pfroute_plugin
+ * @{ @ingroup kernel_pfroute
+ */
+
+#ifndef KERNEL_PFROUTE_PLUGIN_H_
+#define KERNEL_PFROUTE_PLUGIN_H_
+
+#include <plugins/plugin.h>
+
+typedef struct kernel_pfroute_plugin_t kernel_pfroute_plugin_t;
+
+/**
+ * PF_ROUTE kernel interface plugin
+ */
+struct kernel_pfroute_plugin_t {
+
+	/**
+	 * implements plugin interface
+	 */
+	plugin_t plugin;
+};
+
+#endif /** KERNEL_PFROUTE_PLUGIN_H_ @}*/
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.am b/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.am
index f8830d42e..a05c84061 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.am
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 
-INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra \
-	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libcharon
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 
 AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic \
 	-DRESOLV_CONF=\"${resolv_conf}\"
diff --git a/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.in b/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.in
index e16c66923..aedc8fdb7 100644
--- a/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.in
+++ b/src/libhydra/plugins/resolve/Makefile.in
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/config/libtool.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/config/lt~obsolete.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/with.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/enable-disable.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/macros/add-plugin.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/configure.in
 am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
 	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
@@ -167,6 +168,8 @@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
 PATH_SEPARATOR = @PATH_SEPARATOR@
 PERL = @PERL@
 PKG_CONFIG = @PKG_CONFIG@
+PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR = @PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR@
+PKG_CONFIG_PATH = @PKG_CONFIG_PATH@
 PTHREADLIB = @PTHREADLIB@
 RANLIB = @RANLIB@
 RTLIB = @RTLIB@
@@ -198,14 +201,17 @@ build_cpu = @build_cpu@
 build_os = @build_os@
 build_vendor = @build_vendor@
 builddir = @builddir@
+c_plugins = @c_plugins@
 datadir = @datadir@
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+dbusservicedir = @dbusservicedir@
 default_pkcs11 = @default_pkcs11@
 docdir = @docdir@
 dvidir = @dvidir@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 gtk_CFLAGS = @gtk_CFLAGS@
 gtk_LIBS = @gtk_LIBS@
+h_plugins = @h_plugins@
 host = @host@
 host_alias = @host_alias@
 host_cpu = @host_cpu@
@@ -220,24 +226,31 @@ ipsecgid = @ipsecgid@
 ipsecgroup = @ipsecgroup@
 ipsecuid = @ipsecuid@
 ipsecuser = @ipsecuser@
+libcharon_plugins = @libcharon_plugins@
 libdir = @libdir@
 libexecdir = @libexecdir@
-libhydra_plugins = @libhydra_plugins@
-libstrongswan_plugins = @libstrongswan_plugins@
 linux_headers = @linux_headers@
 localedir = @localedir@
 localstatedir = @localstatedir@
 lt_ECHO = @lt_ECHO@
+maemo_CFLAGS = @maemo_CFLAGS@
+maemo_LIBS = @maemo_LIBS@
+manager_plugins = @manager_plugins@
 mandir = @mandir@
+medsrv_plugins = @medsrv_plugins@
 mkdir_p = @mkdir_p@
 nm_CFLAGS = @nm_CFLAGS@
 nm_LIBS = @nm_LIBS@
 nm_ca_dir = @nm_ca_dir@
 oldincludedir = @oldincludedir@
+openac_plugins = @openac_plugins@
+p_plugins = @p_plugins@
 pdfdir = @pdfdir@
 piddir = @piddir@
+pki_plugins = @pki_plugins@
 plugindir = @plugindir@
 pluto_plugins = @pluto_plugins@
+pool_plugins = @pool_plugins@
 prefix = @prefix@
 program_transform_name = @program_transform_name@
 psdir = @psdir@
@@ -245,7 +258,10 @@ random_device = @random_device@
 resolv_conf = @resolv_conf@
 routing_table = @routing_table@
 routing_table_prio = @routing_table_prio@
+s_plugins = @s_plugins@
 sbindir = @sbindir@
+scepclient_plugins = @scepclient_plugins@
+scripts_plugins = @scripts_plugins@
 sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@
 srcdir = @srcdir@
 strongswan_conf = @strongswan_conf@
@@ -257,9 +273,7 @@ top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
 urandom_device = @urandom_device@
 xml_CFLAGS = @xml_CFLAGS@
 xml_LIBS = @xml_LIBS@
-INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra \
-	-I$(top_srcdir)/src/libcharon
-
+INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libstrongswan -I$(top_srcdir)/src/libhydra
 AM_CFLAGS = -rdynamic \
 	-DRESOLV_CONF=\"${resolv_conf}\"