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-Content-type: text/html
-
-<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Manpage of IPSEC_MANUAL</TITLE>
-</HEAD><BODY>
-<H1>IPSEC_MANUAL</H1>
-Section: Maintenance Commands (8)<BR>Updated: 17 July 2001<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
-<A HREF="http://localhost/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
-
-
-<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>NAME</H2>
-
-ipsec manual - take manually-keyed IPsec connections up and down
-<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
-
-<B>ipsec</B>
-
-<B>manual</B>
-
-[
-<B>--show</B>
-
-] [
-<B>--showonly</B>
-
-] [
-<B>--other</B>
-
-]
-<BR>
-
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[
-<B>--iam</B>
-
-address<B>@</B>interface
-
-] [
-<B>--config</B>
-
-configfile
-]
-<BR>
-
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;operation connection
-<P>
-<B>ipsec</B>
-
-<B>manual</B>
-
-[
-<I>options</I>
-
-]
-<B>--union</B>
-
-operation part ...
-<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
-
-<I>Manual</I>
-
-manipulates manually-keyed FreeS/WAN IPsec connections,
-setting them up and shutting them down,
-based on the information in the IPsec configuration file.
-In the normal usage,
-<I>connection</I>
-
-is the name of a connection specification in the configuration file;
-<I>operation</I>
-
-is
-<B>--up</B>,
-
-<B>--down</B>,
-
-<B>--route</B>,
-
-or
-<B>--unroute</B>.
-
-<I>Manual</I>
-
-generates setup (<B>--route</B>
-
-or
-<B>--up</B>)
-
-or
-teardown (<B>--down</B>
-
-or
-<B>--unroute</B>)
-
-commands for the connection and feeds them to a shell for execution.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--up</B>
-
-operation brings the specified connection up, including establishing a
-suitable route for it if necessary.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--route</B>
-
-operation just establishes the route for a connection.
-Unless and until an
-<B>--up</B>
-
-operation is done, packets routed by that route will simply be discarded.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--down</B>
-
-operation tears the specified connection down,
-<I>except</I>
-
-that it leaves the route in place.
-Unless and until an
-<B>--unroute</B>
-
-operation is done, packets routed by that route will simply be discarded.
-This permits establishing another connection to the same destination
-without any ``window'' in which packets can pass without encryption.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--unroute</B>
-
-operation (and only the
-<B>--unroute</B>
-
-operation) deletes any route established for a connection.
-<P>
-
-In the
-<B>--union</B>
-
-usage, each
-<I>part</I>
-
-is the name of a partial connection specification in the configuration file,
-and the union of all the partial specifications is the
-connection specification used.
-The effect is as if the contents of the partial specifications were
-concatenated together;
-restrictions on duplicate parameters, etc., do apply to the result.
-(The same effect can now be had, more gracefully, using the
-<B>also</B>
-
-parameter in connection descriptions;
-see
-<I><A HREF="ipsec.conf.5.html">ipsec.conf</A></I>(5)
-
-for details.)
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--show</B>
-
-option turns on the
-<B>-x</B>
-
-option of the shell used to execute the commands,
-so each command is shown as it is executed.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--showonly</B>
-
-option causes
-<I>manual</I>
-
-to show the commands it would run, on standard output,
-and not run them.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--other</B>
-
-option causes
-<I>manual</I>
-
-to pretend it is the other end of the connection.
-This is probably not useful except in combination with
-<B>--showonly</B>.
-
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--iam</B>
-
-option causes
-<I>manual</I>
-
-to believe it is running on the host with the specified IP
-<I>address</I>,
-
-and that it should use the specified
-<I>interface</I>
-
-(normally it determines all this automatically,
-based on what IPsec interfaces are up and how they are configured).
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--config</B>
-
-option specifies a non-standard location for the FreeS/WAN IPsec
-configuration file (default
-<I>/etc/ipsec.conf</I>).
-
-<P>
-
-See
-<I><A HREF="ipsec.conf.5.html">ipsec.conf</A></I>(5)
-
-for details of the configuration file.
-Apart from the basic parameters which specify the endpoints and routing
-of a connection (<B>left</B>
-and
-<B>right</B>,
-
-plus possibly
-<B>leftsubnet</B>,
-
-<B>leftnexthop</B>,
-
-<B>leftfirewall</B>,
-
-their
-<B>right</B>
-
-equivalents,
-and perhaps
-<B>type</B>),
-
-a non-<B>passthrough</B>
-<I>manual</I>
-
-connection needs an
-<B>spi</B>
-
-or
-<B>spibase</B>
-
-parameter and some parameters specifying encryption, authentication, or
-both, most simply
-<B>esp</B>,
-
-<B>espenckey</B>,
-
-and
-<B>espauthkey</B>.
-
-Moderately-secure keys can be obtained from
-<I><A HREF="ipsec_ranbits.8.html">ipsec_ranbits</A></I>(8).
-
-For production use of manually-keyed connections,
-it is strongly recommended that the keys be kept in a separate file
-(with permissions
-<B>rw-------</B>)
-
-using the
-<B>include</B>
-
-and
-<B>also</B>
-
-facilities of the configuration file (see
-<I><A HREF="ipsec.conf.5.html">ipsec.conf</A></I>(5)).
-
-<P>
-
-If an
-<B>spi</B>
-
-parameter is given,
-<I>manual</I>
-
-uses that value as the SPI number for all the SAs
-(which are in separate number spaces anyway).
-If an
-<B>spibase</B>
-
-parameter is given instead,
-<I>manual</I>
-
-assigns SPI values by altering the bottom digit
-of that value;
-SAs going from left to right get even digits starting at 0,
-SAs going from right to left get odd digits starting at 1.
-Either way, it is suggested that manually-keyed connections use
-three-digit SPIs with the first digit non-zero,
-i.e. in the range
-<B>0x100</B>
-
-through
-<B>0xfff</B>;
-
-FreeS/WAN reserves those for manual keying and will not
-attempt to use them for automatic keying (unless requested to,
-presumably by a non-FreeS/WAN other end).
-<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>FILES</H2>
-
-
-
-/etc/ipsec.conf<TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TT>default IPsec configuration file<BR>
-<BR>
-
-/var/run/ipsec.info<TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TT><B>%defaultroute</B> information<BR>
-<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
-
-<A HREF="ipsec.8.html">ipsec</A>(8), <A HREF="ipsec.conf.5.html">ipsec.conf</A>(5), <A HREF="ipsec_spi.8.html">ipsec_spi</A>(8), <A HREF="ipsec_eroute.8.html">ipsec_eroute</A>(8), <A HREF="ipsec_spigrp.8.html">ipsec_spigrp</A>(8),
-<A HREF="route.8.html">route</A>(8)
-<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>HISTORY</H2>
-
-Written for the FreeS/WAN project
-&lt;<A HREF="http://www.freeswan.org/">http://www.freeswan.org/</A>&gt;
-by Henry Spencer.
-<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
-<H2>BUGS</H2>
-
-It's not nearly as generous about the syntax of subnets,
-addresses, etc. as the usual FreeS/WAN user interfaces.
-Four-component dotted-decimal must be used for all addresses.
-It
-<I>is</I>
-
-smart enough to translate bit-count netmasks to dotted-decimal form.
-<P>
-
-If the connection specification for a connection is changed between an
-<B>--up</B>
-
-and the ensuing
-<B>--down</B>,
-
-chaos may ensue.
-<P>
-
-The
-<B>--up</B>
-
-operation is not smart enough to notice whether the connection is already up.
-<P>
-
-<I>Manual</I>
-
-is not smart enough to reject insecure combinations of algorithms,
-e.g. encryption with no authentication at all.
-<P>
-
-Any non-IPsec route to the other end which is replaced by the
-<B>--up</B>
-
-or
-<B>--route</B>
-
-operation will not be re-established by
-<B>--unroute</B>.
-
-Whether this is a feature or a bug depends on your viewpoint.
-<P>
-
-The optional parameters which
-override the automatic
-<B>spibase</B>-based
-
-SPI assignment are a messy area of the code and bugs are likely.
-<P>
-
-``Road warrior'' handling,
-and other special forms of setup which
-require negotiation between the two security gateways,
-inherently cannot be done with
-<I>manual</I>.
-
-<P>
-
-<I>Manual</I>
-
-generally lags behind
-<I>auto</I>
-
-in support of various features,
-even when implementation <I>would</I> be possible.
-For example, currently it does not do IPComp content compression.
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
-<DL>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAE">FILES</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAF">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAG">HISTORY</A><DD>
-<DT><A HREF="#lbAH">BUGS</A><DD>
-</DL>
-<HR>
-This document was created by
-<A HREF="http://localhost/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
-using the manual pages.<BR>
-Time: 21:40:18 GMT, November 11, 2003
-</BODY>
-</HTML>