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-<!--
- - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
- -
- - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- -
- - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM
- - DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL
- - IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
- - INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
- - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
- - FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
- - NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
- - WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
--->
-<HTML
-><HEAD
-><TITLE
->lwres</TITLE
-><META
-NAME="GENERATOR"
-CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.61
-"></HEAD
-><BODY
-CLASS="REFENTRY"
-BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
-TEXT="#000000"
-LINK="#0000FF"
-VLINK="#840084"
-ALINK="#0000FF"
-><H1
-><A
-NAME="AEN1"
->lwres</A
-></H1
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
-><A
-NAME="AEN8"
-></A
-><H2
->Name</H2
->lwres&nbsp;--&nbsp;introduction to the lightweight resolver library</DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
-><A
-NAME="AEN11"
-></A
-><H2
->Synopsis</H2
-><DIV
-CLASS="FUNCSYNOPSIS"
-><A
-NAME="AEN12"
-></A
-><P
-></P
-><PRE
-CLASS="FUNCSYNOPSISINFO"
->#include &lt;lwres/lwres.h&gt;</PRE
-><P
-></P
-></DIV
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN14"
-></A
-><H2
->DESCRIPTION</H2
-><P
->The BIND 9 lightweight resolver library is a simple, name service
-independent stub resolver library. It provides hostname-to-address
-and address-to-hostname lookup services to applications by
-transmitting lookup requests to a resolver daemon
-<B
-CLASS="COMMAND"
->lwresd</B
->
-running on the local host. The resover daemon performs the
-lookup using the DNS or possibly other name service protocols,
-and returns the results to the application through the library.
-The library and resolver daemon communicate using a simple
-UDP-based protocol.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN18"
-></A
-><H2
->OVERVIEW</H2
-><P
->The lwresd library implements multiple name service APIs.
-The standard
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->gethostbyname()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->gethostbyaddr()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->gethostbyname_r()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->gethostbyaddr_r()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->getaddrinfo()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->getipnodebyname()</TT
->,
-and
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->getipnodebyaddr()</TT
->
-functions are all supported. To allow the lwres library to coexist
-with system libraries that define functions of the same name,
-the library defines these functions with names prefixed by
-<TT
-CLASS="LITERAL"
->lwres_</TT
->.
-To define the standard names, applications must include the
-header file
-<TT
-CLASS="FILENAME"
->&lt;lwres/netdb.h&gt;</TT
->
-which contains macro definitions mapping the standard function names
-into
-<TT
-CLASS="LITERAL"
->lwres_</TT
->
-prefixed ones. Operating system vendors who integrate the lwres
-library into their base distributions should rename the functions
-in the library proper so that the renaming macros are not needed.</P
-><P
->The library also provides a native API consisting of the functions
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_getaddrsbyname()</TT
->
-and
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_getnamebyaddr()</TT
->.
-These may be called by applications that require more detailed
-control over the lookup process than the standard functions
-provide.</P
-><P
->In addition to these name service independent address lookup
-functions, the library implements a new, experimental API
-for looking up arbitrary DNS resource records, using the
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_getaddrsbyname()</TT
->
-function.</P
-><P
->Finally, there is a low-level API for converting lookup
-requests and responses to and from raw lwres protocol packets.
-This API can be used by clients requiring nonblocking operation,
-and is also used when implementing the server side of the lwres
-protocol, for example in the
-<B
-CLASS="COMMAND"
->lwresd</B
->
-resolver daemon. The use of this low-level API in clients
-and servers is outlined in the following sections.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN38"
-></A
-><H2
->CLIENT-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</H2
-><P
->When a client program wishes to make an lwres request using the
-native low-level API, it typically performs the following
-sequence of actions.</P
-><P
->(1) Allocate or use an existing <SPAN
-CLASS="TYPE"
->lwres_packet_t</SPAN
->,
-called <TT
-CLASS="VARNAME"
->pkt</TT
-> below.</P
-><P
->(2) Set <TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.recvlength</I
-></TT
-> to the maximum length we will accept.
-This is done so the receiver of our packets knows how large our receive
-buffer is. The "default" is a constant in
-<TT
-CLASS="FILENAME"
->lwres.h</TT
->: <TT
-CLASS="CONSTANT"
->LWRES_RECVLENGTH = 4096</TT
->.</P
-><P
->(3) Set <TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.serial</I
-></TT
->
-to a unique serial number. This value is echoed
-back to the application by the remote server.</P
-><P
->(4) Set <TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.pktflags</I
-></TT
->. Usually this is set to 0.</P
-><P
->(5) Set <TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.result</I
-></TT
-> to 0.</P
-><P
->(6) Call <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_*request_render()</TT
->,
-or marshall in the data using the primitives
-such as <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_packet_render()</TT
->
-and storing the packet data.</P
-><P
->(7) Transmit the resulting buffer.</P
-><P
->(8) Call <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_*response_parse()</TT
->
-to parse any packets received.</P
-><P
->(9) Verify that the opcode and serial match a request, and process the
-packet specific information contained in the body.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN61"
-></A
-><H2
->SERVER-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</H2
-><P
->When implementing the server side of the lightweight resolver
-protocol using the lwres library, a sequence of actions like the
-following is typically involved in processing each request packet.</P
-><P
->Note that the same <SPAN
-CLASS="TYPE"
->lwres_packet_t</SPAN
-> is used
-in both the <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->_parse()</TT
-> and <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->_render()</TT
-> calls,
-with only a few modifications made
-to the packet header's contents between uses. This method is recommended
-as it keeps the serial, opcode, and other fields correct.</P
-><P
->(1) When a packet is received, call <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_*request_parse()</TT
-> to
-unmarshall it. This returns a <SPAN
-CLASS="TYPE"
->lwres_packet_t</SPAN
-> (also called <TT
-CLASS="VARNAME"
->pkt</TT
->, below)
-as well as a data specific type, such as <SPAN
-CLASS="TYPE"
->lwres_gabnrequest_t</SPAN
->.</P
-><P
->(2) Process the request in the data specific type.</P
-><P
->(3) Set the <TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.result</I
-></TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.recvlength</I
-></TT
-> as above. All other fields can
-be left untouched since they were filled in by the <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->*_parse()</TT
-> call
-above. If using <TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_*response_render()</TT
->,
-<TT
-CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
-><I
->pkt.pktflags</I
-></TT
-> will be set up
-properly. Otherwise, the <TT
-CLASS="CONSTANT"
->LWRES_LWPACKETFLAG_RESPONSE</TT
-> bit should be
-set.</P
-><P
->(4) Call the data specific rendering function, such as
-<TT
-CLASS="FUNCTION"
->lwres_gabnresponse_render()</TT
->.</P
-><P
->(5) Send the resulting packet to the client.</P
-><P
-></P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="REFSECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN85"
-></A
-><H2
->SEE ALSO</H2
-><P
-><SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_gethostent</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_getipnode</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_getnameinfo</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_noop</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_gabn</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_gnba</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_context</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwres_config</SPAN
->(3)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->resolver</SPAN
->(5)</SPAN
->,
-
-<SPAN
-CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
-><SPAN
-CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
->lwresd</SPAN
->(8)</SPAN
->.&#13;</P
-></DIV
-></BODY
-></HTML
-> \ No newline at end of file