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Diffstat (limited to 'src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5 | 214 |
1 files changed, 107 insertions, 107 deletions
diff --git a/src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5 b/src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5 index 3cce4d3f8..6c39f86e1 100644 --- a/src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5 +++ b/src/pluto/ipsec.secrets.5 @@ -1,148 +1,116 @@ -.TH IPSEC.SECRETS 5 "28 March 1999" +.TH IPSEC.SECRETS 5 "2010-05-30" "4.4.1rc3" "strongSwan" .SH NAME ipsec.secrets \- secrets for IKE/IPsec authentication .SH DESCRIPTION The file \fIipsec.secrets\fP holds a table of secrets. -These secrets are used by \fIipsec_pluto\fP(8), the FreeS/WAN Internet Key -Exchange daemon, to authenticate other hosts. -Currently there are two kinds of secrets: preshared secrets and -.\" the private part of DSS keys. -RSA private keys. +These secrets are used by the strongSwan Internet Key Exchange (IKE) daemons +pluto (IKEv1) and charon (IKEv2) to authenticate other hosts. .LP It is vital that these secrets be protected. The file should be owned by the super-user, and its permissions should be set to block all access by others. .LP The file is a sequence of entries and include directives. -Here is an example. Each entry or directive must start at the -left margin, but if it continues beyond a single line, each continuation -line must be indented. +Here is an example. .LP .RS .nf -# sample /etc/ipsec.secrets file for 10.1.0.1 -10.1.0.1 10.2.0.1: PSK "secret shared by two hosts" +# /etc/ipsec.secrets - strongSwan IPsec secrets file +192.168.0.1 %any : PSK "v+NkxY9LLZvwj4qCC2o/gGrWDF2d21jL" -# an entry may be split across lines, -# but indentation matters -www.xs4all.nl @www.kremvax.ru -\ \ \ \ 10.6.0.1 10.7.0.1 1.8.0.1: PSK "secret shared by 5" +: RSA moonKey.pem -.\" # Private part of our DSS key, in base 64, -.\" # as generated by BIND 8.2.1's dnskeygen. -.\" # Since this is the default key for this host, -.\" # there is no need to specify indices. -.\" : DSS 0siMs0N/hfRoCBMXA6plPtuv58/+c= -# an RSA private key. -# note that the lines are too wide for a -# man page, so ... has been substituted for -# the truncated part -@my.com: rsa { -\ \ \ \ Modulus:\ 0syXpo/6waam+ZhSs8Lt6jnBzu3C4grtt... -\ \ \ \ PublicExponent:\ 0sAw== -\ \ \ \ PrivateExponent:\ 0shlGbVR1m8Z+7rhzSyenCaBN... -\ \ \ \ Prime1:\ 0s8njV7WTxzVzRz7AP+0OraDxmEAt1BL5l... -\ \ \ \ Prime2:\ 0s1LgR7/oUMo9BvfU8yRFNos1s211KX5K0... -\ \ \ \ Exponent1:\ 0soaXj85ihM5M2inVf/NfHmtLutVz4r... -\ \ \ \ Exponent2:\ 0sjdAL9VFizF+BKU4ohguJFzOd55OG6... -\ \ \ \ Coefficient:\ 0sK1LWwgnNrNFGZsS/2GuMBg9nYVZ... -\ \ \ \ } +alice@strongswan.org : EAP "x3.dEhgN" -include ipsec.*.secrets # get secrets from other files +: XAUTH carol "4iChxLT3" + +: XAUTH dave "ryftzG4A" + +# get secrets from other files +include ipsec.*.secrets .fi .RE .LP -Each entry in the file is a list of indices, followed by a secret. -The two parts are separated by a colon (\fB:\fP) that is -followed by whitespace or a newline. For compatability -with the previous form of this file, if the key part is just a -double-quoted string the colon may be left out. +Each entry in the file is a list of optional ID selectors, followed by a secret. +The two parts are separated by a colon (\fB:\fP) that is surrounded +by whitespace. If no ID selectors are specified the line must start with a +colon. .LP -An index is an IP address, or a Fully Qualified Domain Name, user@FQDN, +A selector is an IP address, a Fully Qualified Domain Name, user@FQDN, \fB%any\fP or \fB%any6\fP (other kinds may come). An IP address may be written in the familiar dotted quad form or as a domain name to be looked up -when the file is loaded -(or in any of the forms supported by the FreeS/WAN \fIipsec_ttoaddr\fP(3) -routine). In many cases it is a bad idea to use domain names because +when the file is loaded. +In many cases it is a bad idea to use domain names because the name server may not be running or may be insecure. To denote a Fully Qualified Domain Name (as opposed to an IP address denoted by its domain name), precede the name with an at sign (\fB@\fP). .LP -Matching IDs with indices is fairly straightforward: they have to be +Matching IDs with selectors is fairly straightforward: they have to be equal. In the case of a ``Road Warrior'' connection, if an equal match is not found for the Peer's ID, and it is in the form of an IP -address, an index of \fB%any\fP will match the peer's IP address if IPV4 +address, a selector of \fB%any\fP will match the peer's IP address if IPV4 and \fB%any6\fP will match a the peer's IP address if IPV6. Currently, the obsolete notation \fB0.0.0.0\fP may be used in place of \fB%any\fP. .LP -An additional complexity +In IKEv1 an additional complexity arises in the case of authentication by preshared secret: the responder will need to look up the secret before the Peer's ID payload has been decoded, so the ID used will be the IP address. .LP To authenticate a connection between two hosts, the entry that most specifically matches the host and peer IDs is used. An entry with no -index will match any host and peer. More specifically, an entry with one index will -match a host and peer if the index matches the host's ID (the peer isn't -considered). Still more specifically, an entry with multiple indices will match a host and -peer if the host ID and peer ID each match one of the indices. If the key -is for an asymmetric authentication technique (i.e. a public key -system such as RSA), an entry with multiple indices will match a host -and peer even if only the host ID matches an index (it is presumed that the -multiple indices are all identities of the host). +selectors will match any host and peer. More specifically, an entry with one +selector will match a host and peer if the selector matches the host's ID (the +peer isn't considered). Still more specifically, an entry with multiple +selectors will match a host and peer if the host ID and peer ID each match one +of the selectors. If the key is for an asymmetric authentication technique +(i.e. a public key system such as RSA), an entry with multiple selectors will +match a host and peer even if only the host ID matches a selector (it is +presumed that the selectors are all identities of the host). It is acceptable for two entries to be the best match as long as they agree about the secret or private key. .LP Authentication by preshared secret requires that both systems find the identical secret (the secret is not actually transmitted by the IKE -protocol). If both the host and peer appear in the index list, the +protocol). If both the host and peer appear in the selector list, the same entry will be suitable for both systems so verbatim copying between systems can be used. This naturally extends to larger groups -sharing the same secret. Thus multiple-index entries are best for PSK +sharing the same secret. Thus multiple-selector entries are best for PSK authentication. .LP -Authentication by RSA Signatures requires that each host have its own private -key. A host could reasonably use a different private keys +Authentication by public key systems such as RSA requires that each host +have its own private key. A host could reasonably use a different private keys for different interfaces and for different peers. But it would not -be normal to share entries between systems. Thus thus no-index and -one-index forms of entry often make sense for RSA Signature authentication. -.LP -The key part of an entry may start with a token indicating the kind of -key. ``RSA'' signifies RSA private key and ``PSK'' signifies -PreShared Key (case is ignored). For compatability with previous -forms of this file, PSK is the default. -.LP -A preshared secret is most conveniently represented as a sequence of -characters, delimited by the double-quote -character (\fB"\fP). The sequence cannot contain a newline or -double-quote. Strictly speaking, the secret is actually the sequence -of bytes that is used in the file to represent the sequence of -characters (excluding the delimiters). -A preshared secret may also be represented, without quotes, in any form supported by -\fIipsec_ttodata\fP(3). -.LP -An RSA private key is a composite of eight generally large numbers. The notation -used is a brace-enclosed list of field name and value pairs (see the example above). -A suitable key, in a suitable format, may be generated by \fIipsec_rsasigkey\fP(8). -The structure is very similar to that used by BIND 8.2.2 or later, but note that -the numbers must have a ``0s'' prefix if they are in base 64. The order of -the fields is fixed. -.LP -The first token an entry must start in -the first column of its line. Subsequent tokens must be -separated by whitespace, -except for a colon token, which only needs to be followed by whitespace. -A newline is taken as whitespace, but every -line of an entry after the first must be indented. -.LP -Whitespace at the end of a line is ignored (except in the 0t -notation for a key). At the start of line or +be normal to share entries between systems. Thus thus no-selector and +one-selector forms of entry often make sense for public key authentication. +.LP +The key part of an entry must start with a token indicating the kind of +key. The following types of secrets are currently supported: +.TP +.B PSK +defines a pre-shared key +.TP +.B RSA +defines an RSA private key +.TP +.B ECDSA +defines an ECDSA private key +.TP +.B EAP +defines EAP credentials +.TP +.B XAUTH +defines XAUTH credentials +.TP +.B PIN +defines a smartcard PIN +.LP +Details on each type of secret are given below. +.LP +Whitespace at the end of a line is ignored. At the start of a line or after whitespace, \fB#\fP and the following text up to the end of the -line is treated as a comment. Within entries, all lines must be -indented (except for lines with no tokens). -Outside entries, no line may be indented (this is to make sure that -the file layout reflects its structure). +line is treated as a comment. .LP An include directive causes the contents of the named file to be processed before continuing with the current file. The filename is subject to @@ -153,23 +121,55 @@ directory containing the current file is prepended to the name. The include directive is a line that starts with the word \fBinclude\fP, followed by whitespace, followed by the filename (which must not contain whitespace). +.SS TYPES OF SECRETS +.TP +.B [ <selectors> ] : PSK <secret> +A preshared secret is most conveniently represented as a sequence of +characters, delimited by double-quote characters (\fB"\fP). +The sequence cannot contain a newline or double-quote. +Strictly speaking, the secret is actually the sequence +of bytes that is used in the file to represent the sequence of +characters (excluding the delimiters). +.TP +.B [ <selectors> ] : RSA <private key file> [ <passphrase> | %prompt ] +.TQ +.B [ <selectors> ] : ECDSA <private key file> [ <passphrase> | %prompt ] +For the private key file both absolute paths or paths relative to +\fI/etc/ipsec.d/private\fP are accepted. If the private key file is +encrypted, the \fIpassphrase\fP must be defined. Instead of a passphrase +.B %prompt +can be used which then causes the daemons to ask the user for the password +whenever it is required to decrypt the key. +.TP +.B <user id> : EAP <secret> +As with \fBPSK\fP secrets the \fIsecret\fP is a sequence of characters, +delimited by double-quote characters (\fB"\fP). +.br +\fBEAP\fP secrets are IKEv2 only. +.TP +.B : XAUTH <username> <password> +\fBXAUTH\fP secrets are IKEv1 only. +.TP +.B : PIN <smartcard selector> <pin code> | %prompt +The format +.B "%smartcard[<slot nr>[:<key id>]]" +is used to specify the smartcard selector (e.g. %smartcard1:50). For IKEv1, +instead of specifying the pin code statically, +.B %prompt +can be specified, which causes the pluto daemon to ask the user for the pin +code. +.LP + .SH FILES /etc/ipsec.secrets .SH SEE ALSO -The rest of the FreeS/WAN distribution, in particular \fIipsec.conf\fP(5), -\fIipsec\fP(8), -\fIipsec_newhostkey\fP(8), -\fIipsec_rsasigkey\fP(8), -\fIipsec_showhostkey\fP(8), -\fIipsec_auto\fP(8) \fB\-\-rereadsecrets\fP, -and \fIipsec_pluto\fP(8) \fB\-\-listen\fP,. +\fIipsec\fP(8) .br -BIND 8.2.2 or later, ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind/src/ .SH HISTORY -Designed for the FreeS/WAN project -<http://www.freeswan.org> -by D. Hugh Redelmeier. +Originally written for the FreeS/WAN project by D. Hugh Redelmeier. +Updated and extended for the strongSwan project <http://www.strongswan.org> by +Tobias Brunner and Andreas Steffen. .SH BUGS If an ID is \fB0.0.0.0\fP, it will match \fB%any\fP; if it is \fB0::0\fP, it will match \fB%any6\fP. |