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|
/*
* Copyright (C) 2013-2014 Tobias Brunner
* Copyright (C) 2006-2013 Martin Willi
* Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
* option) any later version. See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* for more details.
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <locale.h>
#ifdef HAVE_DLADDR
#include <dlfcn.h>
#endif
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <malloc/malloc.h>
/* overload some of our types clashing with mach */
#define host_t strongswan_host_t
#define processor_t strongswan_processor_t
#define thread_t strongswan_thread_t
#endif /* __APPLE__ */
#include "leak_detective.h"
#include <library.h>
#include <utils/utils.h>
#include <utils/debug.h>
#include <utils/backtrace.h>
#include <collections/hashtable.h>
#include <threading/thread_value.h>
#include <threading/spinlock.h>
typedef struct private_leak_detective_t private_leak_detective_t;
/**
* private data of leak_detective
*/
struct private_leak_detective_t {
/**
* public functions
*/
leak_detective_t public;
/**
* Registered report() function
*/
leak_detective_report_cb_t report_cb;
/**
* Registered report() summary function
*/
leak_detective_summary_cb_t report_scb;
/**
* Registered user data for callbacks
*/
void *report_data;
};
/**
* Magic value which helps to detect memory corruption. Yummy!
*/
#define MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC 0x7ac0be11
/**
* Magic written to tail of allocation
*/
#define MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC 0xcafebabe
/**
* Pattern which is filled in memory before freeing it
*/
#define MEMORY_FREE_PATTERN 0xFF
/**
* Pattern which is filled in newly allocated memory
*/
#define MEMORY_ALLOC_PATTERN 0xEE
typedef struct memory_header_t memory_header_t;
typedef struct memory_tail_t memory_tail_t;
/**
* Header which is prepended to each allocated memory block
*/
struct memory_header_t {
/**
* Pointer to previous entry in linked list
*/
memory_header_t *previous;
/**
* Pointer to next entry in linked list
*/
memory_header_t *next;
/**
* backtrace taken during (re-)allocation
*/
backtrace_t *backtrace;
/**
* Padding to make sizeof(memory_header_t) == 32
*/
uint32_t padding[sizeof(void*) == sizeof(uint32_t) ? 3 : 0];
/**
* Number of bytes following after the header
*/
uint32_t bytes;
/**
* magic bytes to detect bad free or heap underflow, MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC
*/
uint32_t magic;
}__attribute__((__packed__));
/**
* tail appended to each allocated memory block
*/
struct memory_tail_t {
/**
* Magic bytes to detect heap overflow, MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC
*/
uint32_t magic;
}__attribute__((__packed__));
/**
* first mem header is just a dummy to chain
* the others on it...
*/
static memory_header_t first_header = {
.magic = MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC,
};
/**
* Spinlock to access header linked list
*/
static spinlock_t *lock;
/**
* Is leak detection currently enabled?
*/
static bool enabled = FALSE;
/**
* Is leak detection disabled for the current thread?
*/
static thread_value_t *thread_disabled;
/**
* Installs the malloc hooks, enables leak detection
*/
static void enable_leak_detective()
{
enabled = TRUE;
}
/**
* Uninstalls the malloc hooks, disables leak detection
*/
static void disable_leak_detective()
{
enabled = FALSE;
}
/**
* Enable/Disable leak detective for the current thread
*
* @return Previous value
*/
static bool enable_thread(bool enable)
{
bool before;
before = thread_disabled->get(thread_disabled) == NULL;
thread_disabled->set(thread_disabled, enable ? NULL : (void*)TRUE);
return before;
}
/**
* Add a header to the beginning of the list
*/
static void add_hdr(memory_header_t *hdr)
{
lock->lock(lock);
hdr->next = first_header.next;
if (hdr->next)
{
hdr->next->previous = hdr;
}
hdr->previous = &first_header;
first_header.next = hdr;
lock->unlock(lock);
}
/**
* Remove a header from the list
*/
static void remove_hdr(memory_header_t *hdr)
{
lock->lock(lock);
if (hdr->next)
{
hdr->next->previous = hdr->previous;
}
hdr->previous->next = hdr->next;
lock->unlock(lock);
}
/**
* Check if a header is in the list
*/
static bool has_hdr(memory_header_t *hdr)
{
memory_header_t *current;
bool found = FALSE;
lock->lock(lock);
for (current = &first_header; current != NULL; current = current->next)
{
if (current == hdr)
{
found = TRUE;
break;
}
}
lock->unlock(lock);
return found;
}
#ifdef __APPLE__
/**
* Copy of original default zone, with functions we call in hooks
*/
static malloc_zone_t original;
/**
* Call original malloc()
*/
static void* real_malloc(size_t size)
{
return original.malloc(malloc_default_zone(), size);
}
/**
* Call original free()
*/
static void real_free(void *ptr)
{
original.free(malloc_default_zone(), ptr);
}
/**
* Call original realloc()
*/
static void* real_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
{
return original.realloc(malloc_default_zone(), ptr, size);
}
/**
* Hook definition: static function with _hook suffix, takes additional zone
*/
#define HOOK(ret, name, ...) \
static ret name ## _hook(malloc_zone_t *_z, __VA_ARGS__)
/**
* forward declaration of hooks
*/
HOOK(void*, malloc, size_t bytes);
HOOK(void*, calloc, size_t nmemb, size_t size);
HOOK(void*, valloc, size_t size);
HOOK(void, free, void *ptr);
HOOK(void*, realloc, void *old, size_t bytes);
/**
* malloc zone size(), must consider the memory header prepended
*/
HOOK(size_t, size, const void *ptr)
{
bool before;
size_t size;
if (enabled)
{
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
if (before)
{
ptr -= sizeof(memory_header_t);
}
}
size = original.size(malloc_default_zone(), ptr);
if (enabled)
{
enable_thread(before);
}
return size;
}
/**
* Version of malloc zones we currently support
*/
#define MALLOC_ZONE_VERSION 8 /* Snow Leopard */
/**
* Hook-in our malloc functions into the default zone
*/
static bool register_hooks()
{
static bool once = FALSE;
malloc_zone_t *zone;
void *page;
if (once)
{
return TRUE;
}
once = TRUE;
zone = malloc_default_zone();
if (zone->version != MALLOC_ZONE_VERSION)
{
DBG1(DBG_CFG, "malloc zone version %d unsupported (requiring %d)",
zone->version, MALLOC_ZONE_VERSION);
return FALSE;
}
original = *zone;
page = (void*)((uintptr_t)zone / getpagesize() * getpagesize());
if (mprotect(page, getpagesize(), PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ) != 0)
{
DBG1(DBG_CFG, "malloc zone unprotection failed: %s", strerror(errno));
return FALSE;
}
zone->size = size_hook;
zone->malloc = malloc_hook;
zone->calloc = calloc_hook;
zone->valloc = valloc_hook;
zone->free = free_hook;
zone->realloc = realloc_hook;
/* those other functions can be NULLed out to not use them */
zone->batch_malloc = NULL;
zone->batch_free = NULL;
zone->memalign = NULL;
zone->free_definite_size = NULL;
return TRUE;
}
#else /* !__APPLE__ */
/**
* dlsym() might do a malloc(), but we can't do one before we get the malloc()
* function pointer. Use this minimalistic malloc implementation instead.
*/
static void* malloc_for_dlsym(size_t size)
{
static char buf[1024] = {};
static size_t used = 0;
char *ptr;
/* roundup to a multiple of 32 */
size = (size - 1) / 32 * 32 + 32;
if (used + size > sizeof(buf))
{
return NULL;
}
ptr = buf + used;
used += size;
return ptr;
}
/**
* Lookup a malloc function, while disabling wrappers
*/
static void* get_malloc_fn(char *name)
{
bool before = FALSE;
void *fn;
if (enabled)
{
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
}
fn = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, name);
if (enabled)
{
enable_thread(before);
}
return fn;
}
/**
* Call original malloc()
*/
static void* real_malloc(size_t size)
{
static void* (*fn)(size_t size);
static int recursive = 0;
if (!fn)
{
/* checking recursiveness should actually be thread-specific. But as
* it is very likely that the first allocation is done before we go
* multi-threaded, we keep it simple. */
if (recursive)
{
return malloc_for_dlsym(size);
}
recursive++;
fn = get_malloc_fn("malloc");
recursive--;
}
return fn(size);
}
/**
* Call original free()
*/
static void real_free(void *ptr)
{
static void (*fn)(void *ptr);
if (!fn)
{
fn = get_malloc_fn("free");
}
return fn(ptr);
}
/**
* Call original realloc()
*/
static void* real_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
{
static void* (*fn)(void *ptr, size_t size);
if (!fn)
{
fn = get_malloc_fn("realloc");
}
return fn(ptr, size);
}
/**
* Hook definition: plain function overloading existing malloc calls
*/
#define HOOK(ret, name, ...) ret name(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* Hook initialization when not using hooks, resolve functions.
*/
static bool register_hooks()
{
void *buf = real_malloc(8);
buf = real_realloc(buf, 16);
real_free(buf);
return TRUE;
}
#endif /* !__APPLE__ */
/**
* Leak report white list
*
* List of functions using static allocation buffers or should be suppressed
* otherwise on leak report.
*/
static char *whitelist[] = {
/* backtraces, including own */
"backtrace_create",
"strerror_safe",
/* pthread stuff */
"pthread_create",
"pthread_setspecific",
"__pthread_setspecific",
/* glibc functions */
"inet_ntoa",
"strerror",
"getprotobyname",
"getprotobynumber",
"getservbyport",
"getservbyname",
"gethostbyname",
"gethostbyname2",
"gethostbyname_r",
"gethostbyname2_r",
"getnetbyname",
"getpwnam_r",
"getgrnam_r",
"register_printf_function",
"register_printf_specifier",
"syslog",
"vsyslog",
"__syslog_chk",
"__vsyslog_chk",
"__fprintf_chk",
"getaddrinfo",
"setlocale",
"getpass",
"getpwent_r",
"setpwent",
"endpwent",
"getspnam_r",
"getpwuid_r",
"initgroups",
"tzset",
"_IO_file_doallocate",
/* ignore dlopen, as we do not dlclose to get proper leak reports */
"dlopen",
"dlerror",
"dlclose",
"dlsym",
/* mysql functions */
"mysql_init_character_set",
"init_client_errs",
"my_thread_init",
/* fastcgi library */
"FCGX_Init",
/* libxml */
"xmlInitCharEncodingHandlers",
"xmlInitParser",
"xmlInitParserCtxt",
/* libcurl */
"Curl_client_write",
/* libsoup */
"soup_message_headers_append",
"soup_message_headers_clear",
"soup_message_headers_get_list",
"soup_message_headers_get_one",
"soup_session_abort",
"soup_session_get_type",
/* libldap */
"ldap_int_initialize",
/* ClearSilver */
"nerr_init",
/* libgcrypt */
"gcrypt_plugin_create",
"gcry_control",
"gcry_check_version",
"gcry_randomize",
"gcry_create_nonce",
/* OpenSSL: These are needed for unit-tests only, the openssl plugin
* does properly clean up any memory during destroy(). */
"ECDSA_do_sign_ex",
"ECDSA_verify",
"RSA_new_method",
/* OpenSSL 1.1.0 does not cleanup anymore until the library is unloaded */
"OPENSSL_init_crypto",
"CRYPTO_THREAD_lock_new",
"ERR_add_error_data",
/* OpenSSL libssl */
"SSL_COMP_get_compression_methods",
/* NSPR */
"PR_CallOnce",
/* libapr */
"apr_pool_create_ex",
/* glib */
"g_output_stream_write",
"g_resolver_lookup_by_name",
"g_signal_connect_data",
"g_socket_connection_factory_lookup_type",
"g_type_init_with_debug_flags",
"g_type_register_static",
"g_type_class_ref",
"g_type_create_instance",
"g_type_add_interface_static",
"g_type_interface_add_prerequisite",
"g_private_set",
"g_queue_pop_tail",
/* libgpg */
"gpg_err_init",
/* gnutls */
"gnutls_global_init",
/* Ada runtime */
"system__tasking__initialize",
"system__tasking__initialization__abort_defer",
"system__tasking__stages__create_task",
/* in case external threads call into our code */
"thread_current_id",
/* FHH IMCs and IMVs */
"TNC_IMC_NotifyConnectionChange",
"TNC_IMV_NotifyConnectionChange",
};
/**
* Some functions are hard to whitelist, as they don't use a symbol directly.
* Use some static initialization to suppress them on leak reports
*/
static void init_static_allocations()
{
struct tm tm;
time_t t = 0;
tzset();
gmtime_r(&t, &tm);
localtime_r(&t, &tm);
}
/**
* Hashtable hash function
*/
static u_int hash(backtrace_t *key)
{
enumerator_t *enumerator;
void *addr;
u_int hash = 0;
enumerator = key->create_frame_enumerator(key);
while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &addr))
{
hash = chunk_hash_inc(chunk_from_thing(addr), hash);
}
enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
return hash;
}
/**
* Hashtable equals function
*/
static bool equals(backtrace_t *a, backtrace_t *b)
{
return a->equals(a, b);
}
/**
* Summarize and print backtraces
*/
static int print_traces(private_leak_detective_t *this,
leak_detective_report_cb_t cb, void *user,
int thresh, int thresh_count,
bool detailed, int *whitelisted, size_t *sum)
{
int leaks = 0;
memory_header_t *hdr;
enumerator_t *enumerator;
hashtable_t *entries;
struct {
/** associated backtrace */
backtrace_t *backtrace;
/** total size of all allocations */
size_t bytes;
/** number of allocations */
u_int count;
} *entry;
bool before;
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
entries = hashtable_create((hashtable_hash_t)hash,
(hashtable_equals_t)equals, 1024);
lock->lock(lock);
for (hdr = first_header.next; hdr != NULL; hdr = hdr->next)
{
if (whitelisted &&
hdr->backtrace->contains_function(hdr->backtrace,
whitelist, countof(whitelist)))
{
(*whitelisted)++;
continue;
}
entry = entries->get(entries, hdr->backtrace);
if (entry)
{
entry->bytes += hdr->bytes;
entry->count++;
}
else
{
INIT(entry,
.backtrace = hdr->backtrace->clone(hdr->backtrace),
.bytes = hdr->bytes,
.count = 1,
);
entries->put(entries, entry->backtrace, entry);
}
if (sum)
{
*sum += hdr->bytes;
}
leaks++;
}
lock->unlock(lock);
enumerator = entries->create_enumerator(entries);
while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, NULL, &entry))
{
if (cb)
{
if (!thresh || entry->bytes >= thresh)
{
if (!thresh_count || entry->count >= thresh_count)
{
cb(user, entry->count, entry->bytes, entry->backtrace,
detailed);
}
}
}
entry->backtrace->destroy(entry->backtrace);
free(entry);
}
enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
entries->destroy(entries);
enable_thread(before);
return leaks;
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, report, void,
private_leak_detective_t *this, bool detailed)
{
if (lib->leak_detective)
{
int leaks, whitelisted = 0;
size_t sum = 0;
leaks = print_traces(this, this->report_cb, this->report_data,
0, 0, detailed, &whitelisted, &sum);
if (this->report_scb)
{
this->report_scb(this->report_data, leaks, sum, whitelisted);
}
}
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, set_report_cb, void,
private_leak_detective_t *this, leak_detective_report_cb_t cb,
leak_detective_summary_cb_t scb, void *user)
{
this->report_cb = cb;
this->report_scb = scb;
this->report_data = user;
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, leaks, int,
private_leak_detective_t *this)
{
int whitelisted = 0;
return print_traces(this, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, FALSE, &whitelisted, NULL);
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, set_state, bool,
private_leak_detective_t *this, bool enable)
{
return enable_thread(enable);
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, usage, void,
private_leak_detective_t *this, leak_detective_report_cb_t cb,
leak_detective_summary_cb_t scb, void *user)
{
bool detailed;
int thresh, thresh_count, leaks, whitelisted = 0;
size_t sum = 0;
thresh = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
"%s.leak_detective.usage_threshold", 10240, lib->ns);
thresh_count = lib->settings->get_int(lib->settings,
"%s.leak_detective.usage_threshold_count", 0, lib->ns);
detailed = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
"%s.leak_detective.detailed", TRUE, lib->ns);
leaks = print_traces(this, cb, user, thresh, thresh_count,
detailed, &whitelisted, &sum);
if (scb)
{
scb(user, leaks, sum, whitelisted);
}
}
/**
* Wrapped malloc() function
*/
HOOK(void*, malloc, size_t bytes)
{
memory_header_t *hdr;
memory_tail_t *tail;
bool before;
if (!enabled || thread_disabled->get(thread_disabled))
{
return real_malloc(bytes);
}
hdr = real_malloc(sizeof(memory_header_t) + bytes + sizeof(memory_tail_t));
tail = ((void*)hdr) + bytes + sizeof(memory_header_t);
/* set to something which causes crashes */
memset(hdr, MEMORY_ALLOC_PATTERN,
sizeof(memory_header_t) + bytes + sizeof(memory_tail_t));
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
hdr->backtrace = backtrace_create(2);
enable_thread(before);
hdr->magic = MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC;
hdr->bytes = bytes;
tail->magic = MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC;
add_hdr(hdr);
return hdr + 1;
}
/**
* Wrapped calloc() function
*/
HOOK(void*, calloc, size_t nmemb, size_t size)
{
void *ptr;
volatile size_t total;
total = nmemb * size;
ptr = malloc(total);
memset(ptr, 0, total);
return ptr;
}
/**
* Wrapped valloc(), TODO: currently not supported
*/
HOOK(void*, valloc, size_t size)
{
DBG1(DBG_LIB, "valloc() used, but leak-detective hook missing");
return NULL;
}
/**
* Wrapped free() function
*/
HOOK(void, free, void *ptr)
{
memory_header_t *hdr;
memory_tail_t *tail;
backtrace_t *backtrace;
bool before;
if (!enabled || thread_disabled->get(thread_disabled))
{
/* after deinitialization we might have to free stuff we allocated
* while we were enabled */
if (!first_header.magic && ptr)
{
hdr = ptr - sizeof(memory_header_t);
tail = ptr + hdr->bytes;
if (hdr->magic == MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC &&
tail->magic == MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC)
{
ptr = hdr;
}
}
real_free(ptr);
return;
}
/* allow freeing of NULL */
if (ptr == NULL)
{
return;
}
hdr = ptr - sizeof(memory_header_t);
tail = ptr + hdr->bytes;
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
if (hdr->magic != MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC ||
tail->magic != MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC)
{
if (has_hdr(hdr))
{
/* memory was allocated by our hooks but is corrupted */
fprintf(stderr, "freeing corrupted memory (%p): "
"header magic 0x%x, tail magic 0x%x:\n",
ptr, hdr->magic, tail->magic);
}
else
{
/* memory was not allocated by our hooks */
fprintf(stderr, "freeing invalid memory (%p)\n", ptr);
}
backtrace = backtrace_create(2);
backtrace->log(backtrace, stderr, TRUE);
backtrace->destroy(backtrace);
}
else
{
remove_hdr(hdr);
hdr->backtrace->destroy(hdr->backtrace);
/* clear MAGIC, set mem to something remarkable */
memset(hdr, MEMORY_FREE_PATTERN,
sizeof(memory_header_t) + hdr->bytes + sizeof(memory_tail_t));
real_free(hdr);
}
enable_thread(before);
}
/**
* Wrapped realloc() function
*/
HOOK(void*, realloc, void *old, size_t bytes)
{
memory_header_t *hdr;
memory_tail_t *tail;
backtrace_t *backtrace;
bool before;
if (!enabled || thread_disabled->get(thread_disabled))
{
return real_realloc(old, bytes);
}
/* allow reallocation of NULL */
if (old == NULL)
{
return malloc(bytes);
}
/* handle zero size as a free() */
if (bytes == 0)
{
free(old);
return NULL;
}
hdr = old - sizeof(memory_header_t);
tail = old + hdr->bytes;
remove_hdr(hdr);
if (hdr->magic != MEMORY_HEADER_MAGIC ||
tail->magic != MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC)
{
fprintf(stderr, "reallocating invalid memory (%p):\n"
"header magic 0x%x:\n", old, hdr->magic);
backtrace = backtrace_create(2);
backtrace->log(backtrace, stderr, TRUE);
backtrace->destroy(backtrace);
}
else
{
/* clear tail magic, allocate, set tail magic */
memset(&tail->magic, MEMORY_ALLOC_PATTERN, sizeof(tail->magic));
}
hdr = real_realloc(hdr,
sizeof(memory_header_t) + bytes + sizeof(memory_tail_t));
tail = ((void*)hdr) + bytes + sizeof(memory_header_t);
tail->magic = MEMORY_TAIL_MAGIC;
/* update statistics */
hdr->bytes = bytes;
before = enable_thread(FALSE);
hdr->backtrace->destroy(hdr->backtrace);
hdr->backtrace = backtrace_create(2);
enable_thread(before);
add_hdr(hdr);
return hdr + 1;
}
METHOD(leak_detective_t, destroy, void,
private_leak_detective_t *this)
{
disable_leak_detective();
lock->destroy(lock);
thread_disabled->destroy(thread_disabled);
free(this);
first_header.magic = 0;
first_header.next = NULL;
}
/*
* see header file
*/
leak_detective_t *leak_detective_create()
{
private_leak_detective_t *this;
INIT(this,
.public = {
.report = _report,
.set_report_cb = _set_report_cb,
.usage = _usage,
.leaks = _leaks,
.set_state = _set_state,
.destroy = _destroy,
},
);
if (getenv("LEAK_DETECTIVE_DISABLE") != NULL)
{
free(this);
return NULL;
}
lock = spinlock_create();
thread_disabled = thread_value_create(NULL);
init_static_allocations();
if (register_hooks())
{
enable_leak_detective();
}
return &this->public;
}
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