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This change converts the IPv6 netmask from the network_data.json[1]
format to the CIDR style, <IPv6_addr>/<prefix>.
Using an IPv6 address like ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:: does not work with
NetworkManager, nor networkscripts.
NetworkManager will ignore the route, logging:
ifcfg-rh: ignoring invalid route at \
"::/:: via fd00:fd00:fd00:2::fffe dev $DEV" \
(/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route6-$DEV:3): \
Argument for "::/::" is not ADDR/PREFIX format
Similarly if using networkscripts, ip route fail with error:
Error: inet6 prefix is expected rather than \
"fd00:fd00:fd00::/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::".
Also a bit of refactoring ...
cloudinit.net.sysconfig.Route.to_string:
* Move a couple of lines around to reduce repeated code.
* if "ADDRESS" not in key -> continute, so that the
code block following it can be de-indented.
cloudinit.net.network_state:
* Refactors the ipv4_mask_to_net_prefix, ipv6_mask_to_net_prefix
removes mask_to_net_prefix methods. Utilize ipaddress library to
do some of the heavy lifting.
LP: #1959148
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Applied Black and isort, fixed any linting issues, updated tox.ini
and CI.
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If we set a dhcp server side like this:
$ cat /var/tmp/cloud-init/cloud-init-dhcp-f0rie5tm/dhcp.leases
lease {
...
option classless-static-routes 31.169.254.169.254 0.0.0.0,31.169.254.169.254
10.112.143.127,22.10.112.140 0.0.0.0,0 10.112.140.1;
...
}
cloud-init fails to configure the routes via 'ip route add' because to there are
two different routes for 169.254.169.254:
$ ip -4 route add 192.168.1.1/32 via 0.0.0.0 dev eth0
$ ip -4 route add 192.168.1.1/32 via 10.112.140.248 dev eth0
But NetworkManager can handle such scenario successfully as it uses "ip route append".
So change cloud-init to also use "ip route append" to fix the issue:
$ ip -4 route append 192.168.1.1/32 via 0.0.0.0 dev eth0
$ ip -4 route append 192.168.1.1/32 via 10.112.140.248 dev eth0
Signed-off-by: Emanuele Giuseppe Esposito <eesposit@redhat.com>
RHBZ: #2003231
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Add connectivity_url to Oracle's EphemeralDHCPv4
On bionic, when trying to bring up the EphemeralDHCPv4, it's possible
that we already have a route defined, which will result in an error when
trying to add the DHCP route. Use the connectivity_url to check if we
can reach the metadata service, and if so, skip the EphemeralDHCPv4.
The has_url_connectivity function has also been modified to take
a dict of kwargs to send to readurl.
LP: #1939603
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This patch updates some indentation in a comment that prevented an
attempt to run the Black formatter (https://github.com/psf/black)
against the cloud-init codebase:
$ find cloudinit -name '*.py' -type f | xargs black -l 79 --check
...
Oh no! 💥 💔 💥
262 files would be reformatted, 19 files would be left unchanged, 1 file would fail to reformat.
The one file that fails to format is cloudinit/net/__init__.py.
With this fix in place, the black command can successfully parse the
file into AST and back again:
$ black -l 79 --check cloudinit/net/__init__.py
would reformat cloudinit/net/__init__.py
Oh no! 💥 💔 💥
1 file would be reformatted.
Normally this patch would be part of such an overall effort, but since
this is the only location that interrupted running the black command,
this author felt it was worth addressing this discrepancy sooner than
later in the case there is subsequent desire to use a standard format
tool such as black.
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- Mostly based on FreeBSD, the main exception is that
`find_devs_with_on_freebsd` does not work.
- Since we cannot get the CDROM or the partition labels,
`find_devs_with_on_dragonflybsd()` has a more naive approach and
returns all the block devices.
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When bringing up DHCP-provided static routes, we check for "0.0.0.0/0"
to indicate an unspecified gateway. However, when parsing the static
route in `parse_static_routes`, the gateway is never specified with
a net length, so the "/0" will never happen.
This change updates the gateway check to check only for "0.0.0.0".
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`get_interfaces` is used to in two ways, broadly: firstly, to determine
the available interfaces when converting cloud network configuration
formats to cloud-init's network configuration formats; and, secondly, to
ensure that any interfaces which are specified in network configuration
are (a) available, and (b) named correctly. The first of these is
unaffected by this commit, as no clouds support Open vSwitch
configuration in their network configuration formats.
For the second, we check that MAC addresses of physical devices are
unique. In some OVS configurations, there are OVS-created devices which
have duplicate MAC addresses, either with each other or with physical
devices. As these interfaces are created by OVS, we can be confident
that (a) they will be available when appropriate, and (b) that OVS will
name them correctly. As such, this commit excludes any OVS-internal
interfaces from the set of interfaces returned by `get_interfaces`.
LP: #1912844
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If an OVS bridge was used as the only/primary interface, the 'init'
stage failed with a "Not all expected physical devices present" error,
leaving the system with a broken SSH setup.
LP: #1898997
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enumeration of physical network devices (#591)
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Changes:
tox: bump the pylint version to 2.6.0 in the default run
Fix pylint 2.6.0 W0707 warnings (raise-missing-from)
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* Refactor `cloudinit.net.wait_for_physdevs` to `cloudinit.distros.networking.Networking.wait_for_physdevs`
* Split the Linux-specific `udevadm_settle` call out to a separate abstract `Networking.settle` method; implement it on `LinuxNetworking` and add a `NotImplementedError` implementation to `BSDNetworking`
* Modify `wait_for_physdevs`s one callsite to use the new location
LP: #1884626
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As the first refactor PR, this also includes the initial structure for tests.
LP: #1884619
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Namely, is_connected, is_wireless and is_present. None of these are
used in the cloud-init codebase, so remove the dead code (instead of
refactoring it).
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This was painful, but it finishes a TODO from cloudinit/subp.py.
It moves the following from util to subp:
ProcessExecutionError
subp
which
target_path
I moved subp_blob_in_tempfile into cc_chef, which is its only caller.
That saved us from having to deal with it using write_file
and temp_utils from subp (which does not import any cloudinit things now).
It is arguable that 'target_path' could be moved to a 'path_utils' or
something, but in order to use it from subp and also from utils,
we had to get it out of utils.
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This removes the use of variables named ‘l’, ‘O’, or ‘I’. Generally
these are used in list comprehension to read the line of lines.
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This also simplifies the implementation to rely on the stdlib, instead
of our own NIH checking.
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This will be required for the mirror URL sanitisation work,
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- tested on OpenBSD 6.6
- tested on OpenStack without config drive, and NoCloud with ISO config
drive
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Add support for the NetBSD Operating System.
Features in this branch:
* Add BSD distro parent class from which NetBSD and FreeBSD can
specialize
* Add *bsd util functions to cloudinit.net and cloudinit.net.bsd_utils
* subclass cloudinit.distro.freebsd.Distro from bsd.Distro
* Add new cloudinit.distro.netbsd and cloudinit.net.renderer for
netbsd
* Add lru_cached util.is_NetBSD functions
* Add NetBSD detection for ConfigDrive and NoCloud datasources
This branch has been tested with:
- NoCloud and OpenStack (with and without config-drive)
- NetBSD 8.1. and 9.0
- FreeBSD 11.2 and 12.1
- Python 3.7 only, because of the dependency oncrypt.METHOD_BLOWFISH.
This version is available in NetBSD 7, 8 and 9 anyway
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* freebsd: introduce the freebsd renderer
Refactoring of the FreeBSD code base to provide a real network renderer
for FreeBSD.
Use the generic update_sysconfig_file() from rhel_util to handle the
access to /etc/rc.conf.
Interfaces are not automatically renamed by FreeBSD using
the following configuration in /etc/rc.conf:
```
ifconfig_fxp0_name="eth0"
```
* freesd: use regex named groups
Reduce the complexity of `get_interfaces_by_mac_on_freebsd()` with
named groups.
* freebsd: breaks up _write_network() in tree small functions
- `_write_ifconfig_entries()`
- `_write_route_entries()`
- `_write_resolve_conf()`
* extend find_fallback_nic() to support FreeBSD
this uses `route -n show default` to find the default interface
* freebsd: use dns keys from NetworkState class
The NetworkState class (settings instance) exposes the DNS configuration
in two keys:
- `dns_nameservers`
- `dns_searchdomains`
On OpenStack, these keys are set when a global DNS server is set. The
alternative is the `dns_nameservers` and `dns_search` keys from each
subdomain. We continue to read those.
* freebsd: properly target the /etc/resolv.conf file
* freebsd: ignore 'service routing restart' ret code
On FreeBSD 10, the restart of routing and dhclient is likely to fail because
- routing: it cannot remove the loopback route, but it will still set up
the default route as expected.
- dhclient: it cannot stop the dhclient started by the netif service.
In both case, the situation is ok, and we can proceed.
* freebsd: handle case when metadata MAC local locally
Handle the case where the metadata configuration comes with a MAC that
does not exist locally.
See:
- https://github.com/canonical/cloud-init/pull/61/files/635ce14b3153934ba1041be48b7245062f21e960#r359600604
- https://github.com/canonical/cloud-init/pull/61/files/635ce14b3153934ba1041be48b7245062f21e960#r359600966
* freebsd: show up a warning if several subnet found
The FreeBSD provider currently only allow one subnet per interface.
* freebsd: honor the target parameter in _write_network
* freebsd: log when a bad route is found
* freebsd: pass _postcmds to start_services()
* freebsd: updatercconf() is depercated
Replace `updatercconf()` by `rhel_util.update_sysconfig_file()`.
* freebsd: ensure gateway is ipv4 before using it
With the legacy ENI format, an IPv6 gateway may be pushed. This instead
of the expected IPv4.
* freebsd: find_fallback_nic, support FB10
On FreeBSD <= 10, `ifconfig -l` ignores the down interfaces.
* freebsd: use util.target_path() to load resolv.conf
Ensure we access `/etc/resolv.conf`, not `etc/resolv.conf`.
* freebsd: skip subnet without netmask
Those are likely to be either invalid of in IPv6 format. IPv6 support
will be addressed later in a new patchset.
* freebsd: get_devicelist returns netif list
Ensure `get_devicelist()` returns the list of known netif on FreeBSD.
* replace rhel_util.update_sysconfig_file wrapper call, with a wrapper function
* reverse if condition to remove an indent
Co-authored-by: Igor Galić <me+github@igalic.co>
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The change that introduced this issue was handling interfaces that are
bonded in the kernel, in a way that doesn't present as "a bond" to
userspace in the normal way. Both members of this "bond" will share a
MAC address, so we filter one of them out to avoid incorrect MAC address
collision warnings.
Unfortunately, the matching condition was too broad, so that change also
affected normal bonds and bridges. This change specifically excludes
bonds and bridges from that determination, to address that regression.
LP: #1846535
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Some network devices are transformed into a bond via kernel magic
and do not have the 'bonding' sysfs attribute, but like a bond they
have a duplicate MAC of other bond members. On Azure Advanced
Networking SRIOV devices are auto bonded and will have the same MAC
as the HyperV nic. We can detect this via the 'master' sysfs attribute
in the device sysfs path and this patch adds this to the list of devices
we ignore when enumerating device lists.
LP: #1844191
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Add support for detecting netfailover[1] device 3-tuple in networking
layer. In the Oracle datasource ensure that if a provided network
config, either fallback or provided config includes a netfailover master
to remove any MAC address value as this can break under 3-netdev
as the other two devices have the same MAC.
1. https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/networking/net_failover.html
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The function generate_fallback_config is used by Azure by default when
not consuming IMDS configuration data. This function is also used by any
datasource which does not implement it's own network config. This simple
fallback configuration sets up dhcp on the most likely NIC. It will now
emit network v2 instead of network v1.
This is a step toward moving all components talking in v2 and allows us
to avoid costly conversions between v1 and v2 for newer distributions
which rely on netplan.
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On systems with many interfaces, processing udev events may take a while.
Cloud-init expects devices included in a provided network-configuration
to be present when attempting to configure them. This patch adds a step
in net configuration where it will check for devices provided in the
configuration and if not found, issue udevadm settle commands to wait
for them to appear.
Additionally, the default path for udev persistent network rules
70-persistent-net.rules may also be written to systems which include
the 75-net-generator.rules. During boot, cloud-init and the
generator may race and interleave values causing issues. OpenSUSE
will now use a newer file, 85-persistent-net-cloud-init.rules which
will take precedence over values created by 75-net-generator and
avoid collisions on the same file.
LP: #1817368
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The EphemeralDHCP context manager did not parse or handle
rfc3442 classless static routes which prevented reading
datasource metadata in some clouds. This branch adds support
for extracting the field from the leases output, parsing the
format and then adding the required iproute2 ip commands to
apply (and teardown) the static routes.
LP: #1821102
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bonds may inherit mac address from a physical interface
LP: #1812857
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We add a new Optional parameter: connectivity_url
This is used in __enter__ to verify if a connection already exists.
If it does exist, no operations are performed.
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Previously we explicitly excluded mac address '00:00:00:00:00:00'.
But then some nics (tunl0 and sit0) ended up having a mac address like
'00:00:00:00'.
The change here just ignores all 00[:00[:00...]].
LP: #1796917
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OpenStack ironic references Infiniband interfaces via a 6 byte 'MAC
address' formed from bytes 13-15 and 18-20 of interface's hardware
address. This address is used as the ethernet_mac_address of Infiniband
links in network_data.json in configdrives generated by OpenStack nova.
We can use this address to map links in network_data.json to their
corresponding interface names.
When generating interface configuration files, we need to use the
interface's full hardware address as the HWADDR, rather than the 6 byte
MAC address provided by network_data.json.
This change allows IB interfaces to be referenced in this dual mode - by
MAC address and hardware address, depending on the context.
Support TYPE=InfiniBand for sysconfig configuration of IB interfaces.
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On OpenStack based OVH public cloud, we got DHCP response with
  fixed-address 54.36.113.86;
  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.255;
  option routers 54.36.112.1;
The router clearly is not on the subnet. So 'ip' would fail when
we tried to add the default route.
The solution here is to add an explicit route on that interface
to the router and then add the default route.
Also add 'bgpovs' to the list of 'physical' types for OpenStack
network configuration. That type is used on OVH public cloud.
LP: #1792415
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When attempting to apply network configuration for SmartOS's container
platform, cloud-init would not identify nics. The nics on provided
in this container service do not have 'addr_assign_type'. That
was being interpreted as being a "stolen" mac, and would be filtered
out by get_interfaces.
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The cloud-init-local.service expects that any network device name changes
have already been completed by the kernel or udev daemon.
In some situations we've found that the renaming of interfaces from kernel
names (eth0, eth1, etc) to their persistent names (eno1, ens3, enp0s1,
etc) may happen after cloud-init-local has started where it reads values
from sysfs about what network devices are present, and which device to use
as a fallback nic.
Subsequently, cloud-init-local would write out network configuration for a
kernel device name which would no longer be present by the time that
networking services start to bring up the devices. The result is that the
instance does not get networking configured. Prior to use of
systemd-networkd, the Ubuntu 'networking.service' unit included a call to
udevadm settle which is why this race is not seen on a Xenial system.
This change adds the ability to detect if an interface has a stable name,
if if we find one without stable names and stable names have not been
disabled (net.ifnames=0 in /proc/cmdline), then cloud-init will invoke
udevadm settle.
LP: #1766287
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This enables warnings produced by pylint for unused variables (W0612),
and fixes the existing errors.
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net.apply_network_config_names currently only accepts network-config
in version 1 format. When users include a netplan format network-config the
rename code does not find any of the 'set-name' directives and does not rename
any of the interfaces. This causes some netplan configurations to fail.
This patch adds support for parsing netplan format and extracts the needed
information (macaddress and set-name values) to allow cloud-init to issue
interface rename commands. We know raise a RuntimeError if presented with
an unknown config format.
LP: #1709715
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Network configuration in OpenNebula would only work if the host correctly
guessed the names of the devices in the guest. OpenNebula provided data
in its context.sh like 'ETH0_NETWORK', but if the guest named devices
differently then results were not predictable. This would occur with
Predictable Network Interface Names. To address this,
newer versions (of OpenNebula provide the mac address ETH0_MAC.
This function is present in 4.14 and documented officially in 5.0 docs.
This provides support for reading the mac addresses from the context.sh.
It also fixes cases where context.sh provided a field (ETH0_NETWORK
or ETH0_MASK) with a empty string. Previously the empty string would
be used rather than falling back to the default.
LP: #1719157, #1716397, #1736750
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This branch is a prerequisite for IPv6 support in AWS by allowing Ec2
datasource to query the metadata source version 2016-09-02 about whether
or not it needs to configure IPv6 on interfaces. If version 2016-09-02
is not present, fallback to the min_metadata_version of 2009-04-04. The
DataSourceEc2Local not run on FreeBSD because dhclient in doesn't
support the -sf flag allowing us to run dhclient without filesystem
side-effects.
To query AWS' metadata address @ 169.254.169.254, the instance must have
a dhcp-allocated address configured. Configuring IPv4 link-local
addresses result in timeouts from the metadata service. We introduced a
DataSourceEc2Local subclass which will perform a sandboxed dhclient
discovery which obtains an authorized IP address on eth0 and crawl
metadata about full instance network configuration.
Since ec2 IPv6 metadata is not sufficient in itself to tell us all the
ipv6 knownledge we need, it only be used as a boolean to tell us which
nics need IPv6. Cloud-init will then configure desired interfaces to
DHCPv6 versus DHCPv4.
Performance side note: Shifting the dhcp work into init-local for Ec2
actually gets us 1 second faster deployments by skipping init-network
phase of alternate datasource checks because Ec2Local is configured in
an ealier boot stage. In 3 test runs prior to this change: cloud-init
runs were 5.5 seconds, with the change we now average 4.6 seconds.
This efficiency could be even further improved if we avoiding dhcp
discovery in order to talk to the metadata service from an AWS
authorized dhcp address if there were some way to advertize the dhcp
configuration via DMI/SMBIOS or system environment variables.
Inspecting time costs of the dhclient setup/teardown in 3 live runs the
time cost for the dhcp setup round trip on AWS is:
test 1: 76 milliseconds
dhcp discovery + metadata: 0.347 seconds
metadata alone: 0.271 seconds
test 2: 88 milliseconds
dhcp discovery + metadata: 0.388 seconds
metadata alone: 0.300 seconds
test 3: 75 milliseconds
dhcp discovery + metadata: 0.366 seconds
metadata alone: 0.291 seconds
LP: #1709772
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get_interfaces_by_mac and get_interfaces just looked much alike.
This makes get_interfaces_by_mac call get_interfaces.
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This is not yet called, but will be called in a subsequent Ec2-related branch to manually initialize a network interface with the responses using dhcp discovery without any dhcp-script side-effects. The functionality has been tested on Ec2 ubuntu and CentOS vms to ensure that network interface initialization works in both OS-types.
Since there was poor unit test coverage for the cloudinit.net.__init__ module, this branch adds a bunch of coverage to the functions in cloudinit.net.__init. We can also now have unit tests local to the cloudinit modules. The benefits of having unittests under cloudinit module:
- Proximity of unittest to cloudinit module makes it easier for ongoing devs to know where to augment unit tests. The tests.unittest directory is organizated such that it
- Allows for 1 to 1 name mapping module -> tests/test_module.py
- Improved test and module isolation, if we find unit tests have to import from a number of modules besides the module under test, it will better prompt resturcturing of the module.
This also branch touches:
- tox.ini to run unit tests found in cloudinit as well as include all test-requirements for pylint since we now have unit tests living within cloudinit package
- setup.py to exclude any test modules under cloudinit when packaging
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The network device renaming code previously required the case of
the mac address input to match that of the data read from the system.
For example, if user provided network config with mac address
in upper case, then cloud-init would not rename the device correctly
as /sys/class/net/address stores lower case values.
The fix here is to always compare lower case mac addresses.
LP: #1705147
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On systems with network devices with duplicate mac addresses, cloud-init
will fail to rename the devices according to the specified network
configuration. Refactor net layer to search by device driver and device
id if available. Azure systems may have duplicate mac addresses by
design.
Update Azure datasource to run at init-local time and let Azure datasource
generate a fallback networking config to handle advanced networking
configurations.
Lastly, add a 'setup' method to the datasources that is called before
userdata/vendordata is processed but after networking is up. That is
used here on Azure to interact with the 'fabric'.
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The code deciding which interface to choose as the default to request the
IP address through DHCP does not sort the interfaces correctly. On Ubuntu
Xenial images for example, the interfaces are named ens1, ens2, ens3...,
ens11, ... depending on the pci bus address. The python sorting will list
'ens11' before 'ens3' for example despite the fact that 'ens3' should be
before 'ens11'.
This patch address this issue and sort the interface names according to a
human sorting.
Signed-off-by: Marc-Aurèle Brothier <m@brothier.org>
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Some interfaces (greptap0 in the bug) have a mac address of
'00:00:00:00:00:00'. That was causing a duplicate mac detection
as the 'lo' device also has that mac.
The change here is to just ignore macs other than 'lo' that have that.
LP: #1692028
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Introduce is_vlan function and call that when building dictionary of
interfaces by mac address.
LP: #1682871
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When cloud-init ran in the init stage (after networking had come up).
A bug could occur where cloud-init would attempt and fail to rename
network devices that had "inherited" mac addresses.
The intent of apply_network_config_names was always to rename only
the devices that were "physical" per the network config. (This would
include veth devices in a container). The bug was in creating
the dictionary of interfaces by mac address. If there were multiple
interfaces with the same mac address then renames could fail.
This situation was guaranteed to occur with bonds or vlans or other
devices that inherit their mac.
The solution is to change get_interfaces_by_mac to skip interfaces
that have an inherited mac.
Also drop the 'devs' argument to get_interfaces_by_mac. It was
non-obvious what the result should be if a device in the input
list was filtered out. ie should the following have an entry for
bond0 or not. get_interfaces_by_mac(devs=['bond0'])
LP: #1669860
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Previously, the distro had hard coded which network renderer it would
use. This adds support for just picking the right renderer based
on what is available.
Now, that can be set via a priority in system_info, but should
generally work. That config looks like:
system_info:
network:
renderers: ["eni", "sysconfig"]
When no renderers are found, a specific RendererNotFoundError is raised.
stages.py is modified to catch that and log it at error level. This
path should not really be exercised, but could occur if for example an
Ubuntu system did not have ifupdown, or a rhel system did not have
sysconfig. In such a system previously we would have quietly rendered
ENI configuration but that would have been ignored. This is one step
better in that we at least log the error.
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