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authorusman-umer <unumer@hotmail.com>2021-07-11 22:30:24 +0100
committerusman-umer <unumer@hotmail.com>2021-07-11 22:30:24 +0100
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-.. _wireguard:
-
-#########
-WireGuard
-#########
-
-WireGuard is an extremely simple yet fast and modern VPN that utilizes
-state-of-the-art cryptography. See https://www.wireguard.com for more
-information.
-
-*************
-Diagram
-*************
-
-This diagram corresponds with the configuration below.
-
-.. figure:: /_static/images/wireguard_vpn_diagram.jpg
-
-*************
-Configuration
-*************
-
-
-
-*************
-Keypairs
-*************
-
-WireGuard requires the generation of a keypair, which includes a private
-key to decrypt incoming traffic, and a public key for peer(s) to encrypt
-traffic.
-
-Generate Keypair
-================
-
-.. opcmd:: generate wireguard default-keypair
-
- It generates the keypair, which includes the public and private parts,
- and stores it within VyOS. It will be used per default on any configured
- WireGuard interface, even if multiple interfaces are being configured.
-
-.. opcmd:: show wireguard keypairs pubkey default
-
- It shows the public key to be shared with your peer(s). Your peer will
- encrypt all traffic to your system using this public key.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show wireguard keypairs pubkey default
- hW17UxY7zeydJNPIyo3UtGnBHkzTK/NeBOrDSIU9Tx0=
-
-
-Generate Named Keypair
-======================
-
-Named keypairs can be used on a interface basis when configured. If
-multiple WireGuard interfaces are being configured, each can have their
-own keypairs.
-
-.. opcmd:: generate wireguard named-keypairs <name>
-
- The commands below generates 2 keypairs unrelated to each other.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ generate wireguard named-keypairs KP01
- vyos@vyos:~$ generate wireguard named-keypairs KP02
-
-
-**************************
-Interface configuration
-**************************
-
-The next step is to configure your local side as well as the policy
-based trusted destination addresses. If you only initiate a connection,
-the listen port and address/port is optional; however, if you act as a
-server and endpoints initiate the connections to your system, you need to
-define a port your clients can connect to, otherwise the port is randomly
-chosen and may make connection difficult with firewall rules, since the port
-may be different each time the system is rebooted.
-
-You will also need the public key of your peer as well as the network(s)
-you want to tunnel (allowed-ips) to configure a WireGuard tunnel. The
-public key below is always the public key from your peer, not your local
-one.
-
-**local side - commands**
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 address '10.1.0.1/30'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 description 'VPN-to-wg02'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 allowed-ips '192.168.2.0/24'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 address '2.2.2.2'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 port '51820'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 pubkey 'XMrlPykaxhdAAiSjhtPlvi30NVkvLQliQuKP7AI7CyI='
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 port '51820'
- set protocols static route 192.168.2.0/24 interface wg01
-
-**local side - annotated commands**
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 address '10.1.0.1/30' # Address of the wg01 tunnel interface.
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 description 'VPN-to-wg02'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 allowed-ips '192.168.2.0/24'# Subnets that are allowed to travel over the tunnel
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 address '2.2.2.2' # Public IP of the peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 port '58120' # Port of the Peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 pubkey '<pubkey>' # Public Key of the Peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 port '51820' # Port of own server
- set protocols static route 192.168.2.0/24 interface wg01 # Static route to remote subnet
-
-The last step is to define an interface route for 10.2.0.0/24 to get
-through the WireGuard interface `wg01`. Multiple IPs or networks can be
-defined and routed. The last check is allowed-ips which either prevents
-or allows the traffic.
-
-.. note:: You can not assign the same allowed-ips statement to multiple
- WireGuard peers. This a a design decision. For more information please
- check the `WireGuard mailing list`_.
-
-.. cfgcmd:: set interfaces wireguard <interface> private-key <name>
-
- To use a named key on an interface, the option private-key needs to be
- set.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 private-key KP01
-
- The command :opcmd:`show wireguard keypairs pubkey KP01` will then show the
- public key, which needs to be shared with the peer.
-
-
-**remote side - commands**
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 address '10.1.0.2/30'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 description 'VPN-to-wg01'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 allowed-ips '192.168.1.0/24'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 address '1.1.1.1'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 port '51820'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 pubkey 'u41jO3OF73Gq1WARMMFG7tOfk7+r8o8AzPxJ1FZRhzk='
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 port '51820'
- set protocols static route 192.168.1.0/24 interface wg01
-
-**remote side - annotated commands**
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 address '10.1.0.2/30' # Address of the wg01 tunnel interface.
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 description 'VPN-to-wg01'
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 allowed-ips '192.168.1.0/24'# Subnets that are allowed to travel over the tunnel
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 address '1.1.1.1' # Public IP address of the Peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 port '12345' # Port of the Peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 pubkey '<pubkey>' # Public key of the Peer
- set interfaces wireguard wg01 port '51820' # Port of own server
- set protocols static route 192.168.1.0/24 interface wg01 # Static route remote subnet
-
-**************************
-Firewall Exceptions
-**************************
-
-For the WireGuard traffic to pass through the WAN interface, you must create a firewall exception.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 10 action accept
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 10 description 'Allow established/related'
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 10 state established enable
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 10 state related enable
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 action accept
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 description WireGuard_IN
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 destination port 51820
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 log enable
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 protocol udp
- set firewall name OUTSIDE_LOCAL rule 20 source
-
-You should also ensure that the OUTISDE_LOCAL firewall group is applied to the WAN interface and a direction (local).
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- set interfaces ethernet eth0 firewall local name 'OUTSIDE-LOCAL'
-
-Assure that your firewall rules allow the traffic, in which case you have a working VPN using WireGuard.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- wg01# ping 192.168.1.1
- PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
- 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.16 ms
- 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.77 ms
-
- wg02# ping 192.168.2.1
- PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
- 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=4.40 ms
- 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.02 ms
-
-An additional layer of symmetric-key crypto can be used on top of the
-asymmetric crypto. This is optional.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- wg01# run generate wireguard preshared-key
- rvVDOoc2IYEnV+k5p7TNAmHBMEGTHbPU8Qqg8c/sUqc=
-
-Copy the key, as it is not stored on the local filesystem. Because it
-is a symmetric key, only you and your peer should have knowledge of
-its content. Make sure you distribute the key in a safe manner,
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- wg01# set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg02 preshared-key 'rvVDOoc2IYEnV+k5p7TNAmHBMEGTHbPU8Qqg8c/sUqc='
- wg02# set interfaces wireguard wg01 peer to-wg01 preshared-key 'rvVDOoc2IYEnV+k5p7TNAmHBMEGTHbPU8Qqg8c/sUqc='
-
-
-*******************************
-Mobile "RoadWarrior" Example
-*******************************
-
-With WireGuard, a Road Warrior VPN config is similar to a site-to-site
-VPN. It just lacks the ``address`` and ``port`` statements.
-
-In the following example, the IPs for the remote clients are defined in
-the peers. This allows the peers to interact with one another.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- wireguard wg0 {
- address 10.172.24.1/24
- address 2001:DB8:470:22::1/64
- description RoadWarrior
- peer MacBook {
- allowed-ips 10.172.24.30/32
- allowed-ips 2001:DB8:470:22::30/128
- persistent-keepalive 15
- pubkey F5MbW7ye7DsoxdOaixjdrudshjjxN5UdNV+pGFHqehc=
- }
- peer iPhone {
- allowed-ips 10.172.24.20/32
- allowed-ips 2001:DB8:470:22::20/128
- persistent-keepalive 15
- pubkey BknHcLFo8nOo8Dwq2CjaC/TedchKQ0ebxC7GYn7Al00=
- }
- port 2224
- }
-
-The following is the config for the iPhone peer above. It's important to
-note that the ``AllowedIPs`` wildcard setting directs all IPv4 and IPv6 traffic
-through the connection.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- [Interface]
- PrivateKey = ARAKLSDJsadlkfjasdfiowqeruriowqeuasdf=
- Address = 10.172.24.20/24, 2001:DB8:470:22::20/64
- DNS = 10.0.0.53, 10.0.0.54
-
- [Peer]
- PublicKey = RIbtUTCfgzNjnLNPQ/ulkGnnB2vMWHm7l2H/xUfbyjc=
- AllowedIPs = 0.0.0.0/0, ::/0
- Endpoint = 192.0.2.1:2224
- PersistentKeepalive = 25
-
-However, split-tunneling can be achieved by specifing the remote subnets.
-This ensures that only traffic destined for the remote site is sent over the tunnel.
-All other traffic is unaffected.
-
-.. code-block:: none
-
- [Interface]
- PrivateKey = 8Iasdfweirousd1EVGUk5XsT+wYFZ9mhPnQhmjzaJE6Go=
- Address = 10.172.24.30/24, 2001:DB8:470:22::30/64
-
- [Peer]
- PublicKey = RIbtUTCfgzNjnLNPQ/ulkGnnB2vMWHm7l2H/xUfbyjc=
- AllowedIPs = 10.172.24.30/24, 2001:DB8:470:22::/64
- Endpoint = 192.0.2.1:2224
- PersistentKeepalive = 25
-
-
-********************
-Operational Commands
-********************
-
-Status
-======
-
-.. opcmd:: sudo wg
-
- Show info about the Wireguard service.
- Also shows the latest handshake.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- interface: wg0
- public key:
- private key: (hidden)
- listening port: 51869
-
- peer: <peer pubkey>
- endpoint: <peer public IP>
- allowed ips: 10.69.69.2/32
- latest handshake: 23 hours, 45 minutes, 26 seconds ago
- transfer: 1.26 MiB received, 6.47 MiB sent
-
-.. opcmd:: show interfaces wireguard
-
- Get a list of all wireguard interfaces
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- Codes: S - State, L - Link, u - Up, D - Down, A - Admin Down
- Interface IP Address S/L Description
- --------- ---------- --- -----------
- wg0 10.0.0.1/24 u/u
-
-
-.. opcmd:: show interfaces wireguard <interface>
-
- Show general information about specific WireGuard interface
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show interfaces wireguard wg01
- interface: wg0
- address: 10.0.0.1/24
- public key: h1HkYlSuHdJN6Qv4Hz4bBzjGg5WUty+U1L7DJsZy1iE=
- private key: (hidden)
- listening port: 41751
-
- RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
- 0 0 0 0 0 0
- TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collisions
- 0 0 0 0 0 0
-
-**************************
-Encryption Keys
-**************************
-
-.. opcmd:: show wireguard keypair pubkey <name>
-
- Show public key portion for specified key. This can be either the ``default``
- key, or any other named key-pair.
-
- The ``default`` keypair
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show wireguard keypair pubkey default
- FAXCPb6EbTlSH5200J5zTopt9AYXneBthAySPBLbZwM=
-
- Name keypair ``KP01``
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ show wireguard keypair pubkey KP01
- HUtsu198toEnm1poGoRTyqkUKfKUdyh54f45dtcahDM=
-
-.. opcmd:: delete wireguard keypair pubkey <name>
-
- Delete a keypair, this can be either the ``default`` key, or any other
- named key-pair.
-
- .. code-block:: none
-
- vyos@vyos:~$ delete wireguard keypair default
-
-
-*******************************
-Mobile "RoadWarrior" clients
-*******************************
-
-Some users tend to connect their mobile devices using WireGuard to their VyOS
-router. To ease deployment one can generate a "per mobile" configuration from
-the VyOS CLI.
-
-.. warning:: From a security perspective it is not recommended to let a third
- party create and share the private key for a secured connection. You should create the
- private portion on your own and only hand out the public key. Please keep this
- in mind when using this convenience feature.
-
-.. opcmd:: generate wireguard client-config <name> interface <interface> server <ip|fqdn> address <client-ip>
-
- Using this command you will create a new client configuration which can
- connect to ``interface`` on this router. The public key from the specified
- interface is automatically extracted and embedded into the configuration.
-
- The command also generates a configuration snipped which can be copy/pasted
- into the VyOS CLI if needed. The supplied ``<name>`` on the CLI will become
- the peer name in the snippet.
-
- In addition you will specifiy the IP address or FQDN for the client where it
- will connect to. The address parameter can be used up to two times and is used
- to assign the client its specific IPv4 (/32) or IPv6 (/128) address.
-
- .. figure:: /_static/images/wireguard_qrcode.jpg
- :alt: WireGuard Client QR code
-
-.. stop_vyoslinter
-
-.. _`WireGuard mailing list`: https://lists.zx2c4.com/pipermail/wireguard/2018-December/003704.html
-
-.. start_vyoslinter