LFDB work in progress

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diff --git a/ext/cpp-httplib/LICENSE b/ext/cpp-httplib/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e5ed359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/cpp-httplib/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2017 yhirose
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
diff --git a/ext/cpp-httplib/README.md b/ext/cpp-httplib/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2bd23454
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/cpp-httplib/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+cpp-httplib
+===========
+
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/yhirose/cpp-httplib.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/yhirose/cpp-httplib)
+[![Bulid Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/yhirose/cpp-httplib?branch=master&svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/yhirose/cpp-httplib)
+
+A C++ header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library.
+
+It's extremely easy to setup. Just include **httplib.h** file in your code!
+
+Inspired by [Sinatra](http://www.sinatrarb.com/) and [express](https://github.com/visionmedia/express).
+
+Server Example
+--------------
+
+```c++
+#include <httplib.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    using namespace httplib;
+
+    Server svr;
+
+    svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request& req, Response& res) {
+        res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
+    });
+
+    svr.Get(R"(/numbers/(\d+))", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
+        auto numbers = req.matches[1];
+        res.set_content(numbers, "text/plain");
+    });
+
+    svr.listen("localhost", 1234);
+}
+```
+
+`Post`, `Put`, `Delete` and `Options` methods are also supported.
+
+### Bind a socket to multiple interfaces and any available port
+
+```cpp
+int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
+svr.listen_after_bind();
+```
+
+### Method Chain
+
+```cpp
+svr.Get("/get", [](const auto& req, auto& res) {
+        res.set_content("get", "text/plain");
+    })
+    .Post("/post", [](const auto& req, auto& res) {
+        res.set_content(req.body(), "text/plain");
+    })
+    .listen("localhost", 1234);
+```
+
+### Static File Server
+
+```cpp
+svr.set_base_dir("./www");
+```
+
+### Logging
+
+```cpp
+svr.set_logger([](const auto& req, const auto& res) {
+    your_logger(req, res);
+});
+```
+
+### Error Handler
+
+```cpp
+svr.set_error_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
+    const char* fmt = "<p>Error Status: <span style='color:red;'>%d</span></p>";
+    char buf[BUFSIZ];
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, res.status);
+    res.set_content(buf, "text/html");
+});
+```
+
+### 'multipart/form-data' POST data
+
+```cpp
+svr.Post("/multipart", [&](const auto& req, auto& res) {
+    auto size = req.files.size();
+    auto ret = req.has_file("name1"));
+    const auto& file = req.get_file_value("name1");
+    // file.filename;
+    // file.content_type;
+    auto body = req.body.substr(file.offset, file.length));
+})
+```
+
+Client Example
+--------------
+
+### GET
+
+```c++
+#include <httplib.h>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    httplib::Client cli("localhost", 1234);
+
+    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
+    if (res && res->status == 200) {
+        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### GET with Content Receiver
+
+```c++
+  std::string body;
+  auto res = cli.Get("/large-data", [&](const char *data, size_t len) {
+    body.append(data, len);
+  });
+  assert(res->body.empty());
+```
+
+### POST
+
+```c++
+res = cli.Post("/post", "text", "text/plain");
+res = cli.Post("/person", "name=john1&note=coder", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
+```
+
+### POST with parameters
+
+```c++
+httplib::Params params;
+params.emplace("name", "john");
+params.emplace("note", "coder");
+
+auto res = cli.Post("/post", params);
+```
+ or
+
+```c++
+httplib::Params params{
+  { "name", "john" },
+  { "note", "coder" }
+};
+
+auto res = cli.Post("/post", params);
+```
+
+### PUT
+
+```c++
+res = cli.Put("/resource/foo", "text", "text/plain");
+```
+
+### DELETE
+
+```c++
+res = cli.Delete("/resource/foo");
+```
+
+### OPTIONS
+
+```c++
+res = cli.Options("*");
+res = cli.Options("/resource/foo");
+```
+
+### Connection Timeout
+
+```c++
+httplib::Client cli("localhost", 8080, 5); // timeouts in 5 seconds
+```
+### With Progress Callback
+
+```cpp
+httplib::Client client(url, port);
+
+// prints: 0 / 000 bytes => 50% complete
+std::shared_ptr<httplib::Response> res =
+    cli.Get("/", [](uint64_t len, uint64_t total) {
+        printf("%lld / %lld bytes => %d%% complete\n",
+            len, total,
+            (int)((len/total)*100));
+        return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
+    }
+);
+```
+
+![progress](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/236374/33138910-495c4ecc-cf86-11e7-8693-2fc6d09615c4.gif)
+
+This feature was contributed by [underscorediscovery](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/pull/23).
+
+### Basic Authentication
+
+```cpp
+httplib::Client cli("httplib.org");
+
+auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world", {
+  httplib::make_basic_authentication_header("hello", "world")
+});
+// res->status should be 200
+// res->body should be "{\n  \"authenticated\": true, \n  \"user\": \"hello\"\n}\n".
+```
+
+### Range
+
+```cpp
+httplib::Client cli("httpbin.org");
+
+auto res = cli.Get("/range/32", {
+  httplib::make_range_header(1, 10) // 'Range: bytes=1-10'
+});
+// res->status should be 206.
+// res->body should be "bcdefghijk".
+```
+
+OpenSSL Support
+---------------
+
+SSL support is available with `CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT`. `libssl` and `libcrypto` should be linked.
+
+```c++
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+
+SSLServer svr("./cert.pem", "./key.pem");
+
+SSLClient cli("localhost", 8080);
+cli.set_ca_cert_path("./ca-bundle.crt");
+cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
+```
+
+Zlib Support
+------------
+
+'gzip' compression is available with `CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT`.
+
+The server applies gzip compression to the following MIME type contents:
+
+  * all text types
+  * image/svg+xml
+  * application/javascript
+  * application/json
+  * application/xml
+  * application/xhtml+xml
+
+NOTE
+----
+
+g++ 4.8 cannot build this library since `<regex>` in g++4.8 is [broken](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12530406/is-gcc-4-8-or-earlier-buggy-about-regular-expressions).
+
+License
+-------
+
+MIT license (© 2019 Yuji Hirose)
diff --git a/ext/cpp-httplib/httplib.h b/ext/cpp-httplib/httplib.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5adfc2af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/cpp-httplib/httplib.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2779 @@
+//
+//  httplib.h
+//
+//  Copyright (c) 2019 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
+//  MIT License
+//
+
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif //_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+
+#ifndef _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+#endif //_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1900
+#define snprintf _snprintf_s
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#ifndef S_ISREG
+#define S_ISREG(m) (((m)&S_IFREG) == S_IFREG)
+#endif // S_ISREG
+
+#ifndef S_ISDIR
+#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m)&S_IFDIR) == S_IFDIR)
+#endif // S_ISDIR
+
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif // NOMINMAX
+
+#include <io.h>
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#include <ws2tcpip.h>
+
+#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
+
+#ifndef strcasecmp
+#define strcasecmp _stricmp
+#endif // strcasecmp
+
+typedef SOCKET socket_t;
+#else
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/select.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+typedef int socket_t;
+#define INVALID_SOCKET (-1)
+#endif //_WIN32
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <regex>
+#include <string>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
+inline const unsigned char *ASN1_STRING_get0_data(const ASN1_STRING *asn1) {
+  return M_ASN1_STRING_data(asn1);
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+#include <zlib.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Configuration
+ */
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT 5
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH 8192
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()
+#define CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ size_t(4096u)
+
+namespace httplib {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+struct ci {
+  bool operator()(const std::string &s1, const std::string &s2) const {
+    return std::lexicographical_compare(
+        s1.begin(), s1.end(), s2.begin(), s2.end(),
+        [](char c1, char c2) { return ::tolower(c1) < ::tolower(c2); });
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+enum class HttpVersion { v1_0 = 0, v1_1 };
+
+typedef std::multimap<std::string, std::string, detail::ci> Headers;
+
+template <typename uint64_t, typename... Args>
+std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_range_header(uint64_t value,
+                                                      Args... args);
+
+typedef std::multimap<std::string, std::string> Params;
+typedef std::smatch Match;
+
+typedef std::function<std::string(uint64_t offset)> ContentProducer;
+typedef std::function<void(const char *data, size_t len)> ContentReceiver;
+typedef std::function<bool(uint64_t current, uint64_t total)> Progress;
+
+struct MultipartFile {
+  std::string filename;
+  std::string content_type;
+  size_t offset = 0;
+  size_t length = 0;
+};
+typedef std::multimap<std::string, MultipartFile> MultipartFiles;
+
+struct Request {
+  std::string version;
+  std::string method;
+  std::string target;
+  std::string path;
+  Headers headers;
+  std::string body;
+  Params params;
+  MultipartFiles files;
+  Match matches;
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+  const SSL *ssl;
+#endif
+
+  bool has_header(const char *key) const;
+  std::string get_header_value(const char *key, size_t id = 0) const;
+  size_t get_header_value_count(const char *key) const;
+  void set_header(const char *key, const char *val);
+
+  bool has_param(const char *key) const;
+  std::string get_param_value(const char *key, size_t id = 0) const;
+  size_t get_param_value_count(const char *key) const;
+
+  bool has_file(const char *key) const;
+  MultipartFile get_file_value(const char *key) const;
+};
+
+struct Response {
+  std::string version;
+  int status;
+  Headers headers;
+  std::string body;
+
+  ContentProducer content_producer;
+  ContentReceiver content_receiver;
+  Progress progress;
+
+  bool has_header(const char *key) const;
+  std::string get_header_value(const char *key, size_t id = 0) const;
+  size_t get_header_value_count(const char *key) const;
+  void set_header(const char *key, const char *val);
+
+  void set_redirect(const char *uri);
+  void set_content(const char *s, size_t n, const char *content_type);
+  void set_content(const std::string &s, const char *content_type);
+
+  Response() : status(-1) {}
+};
+
+class Stream {
+public:
+  virtual ~Stream() {}
+  virtual int read(char *ptr, size_t size) = 0;
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr, size_t size1) = 0;
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr) = 0;
+  virtual std::string get_remote_addr() const = 0;
+
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void write_format(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+};
+
+class SocketStream : public Stream {
+public:
+  SocketStream(socket_t sock);
+  virtual ~SocketStream();
+
+  virtual int read(char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr);
+  virtual std::string get_remote_addr() const;
+
+private:
+  socket_t sock_;
+};
+
+class BufferStream : public Stream {
+public:
+  BufferStream() {}
+  virtual ~BufferStream() {}
+
+  virtual int read(char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr);
+  virtual std::string get_remote_addr() const;
+
+  const std::string &get_buffer() const;
+
+private:
+  std::string buffer;
+};
+
+class Server {
+public:
+  typedef std::function<void(const Request &, Response &)> Handler;
+  typedef std::function<void(const Request &, const Response &)> Logger;
+
+  Server();
+
+  virtual ~Server();
+
+  virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+  Server &Get(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+  Server &Post(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+
+  Server &Put(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+  Server &Patch(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+  Server &Delete(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+  Server &Options(const char *pattern, Handler handler);
+
+  bool set_base_dir(const char *path);
+
+  void set_error_handler(Handler handler);
+  void set_logger(Logger logger);
+
+  void set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count);
+  void set_payload_max_length(uint64_t length);
+
+  int bind_to_any_port(const char *host, int socket_flags = 0);
+  bool listen_after_bind();
+
+  bool listen(const char *host, int port, int socket_flags = 0);
+
+  bool is_running() const;
+  void stop();
+
+protected:
+  bool process_request(Stream &strm, bool last_connection,
+                       bool &connection_close,
+                       std::function<void(Request &)> setup_request = nullptr);
+
+  size_t keep_alive_max_count_;
+  size_t payload_max_length_;
+
+private:
+  typedef std::vector<std::pair<std::regex, Handler>> Handlers;
+
+  socket_t create_server_socket(const char *host, int port,
+                                int socket_flags) const;
+  int bind_internal(const char *host, int port, int socket_flags);
+  bool listen_internal();
+
+  bool routing(Request &req, Response &res);
+  bool handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res);
+  bool dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res, Handlers &handlers);
+
+  bool parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req);
+  void write_response(Stream &strm, bool last_connection, const Request &req,
+                      Response &res);
+
+  virtual bool read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock);
+
+  std::atomic<bool> is_running_;
+  std::atomic<socket_t> svr_sock_;
+  std::string base_dir_;
+  Handlers get_handlers_;
+  Handlers post_handlers_;
+  Handlers put_handlers_;
+  Handlers patch_handlers_;
+  Handlers delete_handlers_;
+  Handlers options_handlers_;
+  Handler error_handler_;
+  Logger logger_;
+
+  // TODO: Use thread pool...
+  std::mutex running_threads_mutex_;
+  int running_threads_;
+};
+
+class Client {
+public:
+  Client(const char *host, int port = 80, time_t timeout_sec = 300);
+
+  virtual ~Client();
+
+  virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Get(const char *path, Progress progress = nullptr);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Get(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                Progress progress = nullptr);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Get(const char *path,
+                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+                                Progress progress = nullptr);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Get(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+                                Progress progress = nullptr);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Head(const char *path);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Head(const char *path, const Headers &headers);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Post(const char *path, const std::string &body,
+                                 const char *content_type);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Post(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                 const std::string &body,
+                                 const char *content_type);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Post(const char *path, const Params &params);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Post(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                 const Params &params);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Put(const char *path, const std::string &body,
+                                const char *content_type);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Put(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                const std::string &body,
+                                const char *content_type);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Patch(const char *path, const std::string &body,
+                                  const char *content_type);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Patch(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                  const std::string &body,
+                                  const char *content_type);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Delete(const char *path,
+                                   const std::string &body = std::string(),
+                                   const char *content_type = nullptr);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Delete(const char *path, const Headers &headers,
+                                   const std::string &body = std::string(),
+                                   const char *content_type = nullptr);
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Options(const char *path);
+  std::shared_ptr<Response> Options(const char *path, const Headers &headers);
+
+  bool send(Request &req, Response &res);
+
+protected:
+  bool process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
+                       bool &connection_close);
+
+  const std::string host_;
+  const int port_;
+  time_t timeout_sec_;
+  const std::string host_and_port_;
+
+private:
+  socket_t create_client_socket() const;
+  bool read_response_line(Stream &strm, Response &res);
+  void write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req);
+
+  virtual bool read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock, Request &req,
+                                     Response &res);
+  virtual bool is_ssl() const;
+};
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+class SSLSocketStream : public Stream {
+public:
+  SSLSocketStream(socket_t sock, SSL *ssl);
+  virtual ~SSLSocketStream();
+
+  virtual int read(char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr, size_t size);
+  virtual int write(const char *ptr);
+  virtual std::string get_remote_addr() const;
+
+private:
+  socket_t sock_;
+  SSL *ssl_;
+};
+
+class SSLServer : public Server {
+public:
+  SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
+            const char *client_ca_cert_file_path = nullptr,
+            const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path = nullptr);
+
+  virtual ~SSLServer();
+
+  virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+private:
+  virtual bool read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock);
+
+  SSL_CTX *ctx_;
+  std::mutex ctx_mutex_;
+};
+
+class SSLClient : public Client {
+public:
+  SSLClient(const char *host, int port = 443, time_t timeout_sec = 300,
+            const char *client_cert_path = nullptr,
+            const char *client_key_path = nullptr);
+
+  virtual ~SSLClient();
+
+  virtual bool is_valid() const;
+
+  void set_ca_cert_path(const char *ca_ceert_file_path,
+                        const char *ca_cert_dir_path = nullptr);
+  void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
+
+  long get_openssl_verify_result() const;
+
+private:
+  virtual bool read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock, Request &req,
+                                     Response &res);
+  virtual bool is_ssl() const;
+
+  bool verify_host(X509 *server_cert) const;
+  bool verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(X509 *server_cert) const;
+  bool verify_host_with_common_name(X509 *server_cert) const;
+  bool check_host_name(const char *pattern, size_t pattern_len) const;
+
+  SSL_CTX *ctx_;
+  std::mutex ctx_mutex_;
+  std::vector<std::string> host_components_;
+  std::string ca_cert_file_path_;
+  std::string ca_cert_dir_path_;
+  bool server_certificate_verification_ = false;
+  long verify_result_ = 0;
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Implementation
+ */
+namespace detail {
+
+inline bool is_hex(char c, int &v) {
+  if (0x20 <= c && isdigit(c)) {
+    v = c - '0';
+    return true;
+  } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') {
+    v = c - 'A' + 10;
+    return true;
+  } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') {
+    v = c - 'a' + 10;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline bool from_hex_to_i(const std::string &s, size_t i, size_t cnt,
+                          int &val) {
+  if (i >= s.size()) { return false; }
+
+  val = 0;
+  for (; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
+    if (!s[i]) { return false; }
+    int v = 0;
+    if (is_hex(s[i], v)) {
+      val = val * 16 + v;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string from_i_to_hex(uint64_t n) {
+  const char *charset = "0123456789abcdef";
+  std::string ret;
+  do {
+    ret = charset[n & 15] + ret;
+    n >>= 4;
+  } while (n > 0);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+inline size_t to_utf8(int code, char *buff) {
+  if (code < 0x0080) {
+    buff[0] = (code & 0x7F);
+    return 1;
+  } else if (code < 0x0800) {
+    buff[0] = (0xC0 | ((code >> 6) & 0x1F));
+    buff[1] = (0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+    return 2;
+  } else if (code < 0xD800) {
+    buff[0] = (0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
+    buff[1] = (0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+    buff[2] = (0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+    return 3;
+  } else if (code < 0xE000) { // D800 - DFFF is invalid...
+    return 0;
+  } else if (code < 0x10000) {
+    buff[0] = (0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
+    buff[1] = (0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+    buff[2] = (0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+    return 3;
+  } else if (code < 0x110000) {
+    buff[0] = (0xF0 | ((code >> 18) & 0x7));
+    buff[1] = (0x80 | ((code >> 12) & 0x3F));
+    buff[2] = (0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
+    buff[3] = (0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  // NOTREACHED
+  return 0;
+}
+
+// NOTE: This code came up with the following stackoverflow post:
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/180947/base64-decode-snippet-in-c
+inline std::string base64_encode(const std::string &in) {
+  static const auto lookup =
+      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+
+  std::string out;
+  out.reserve(in.size());
+
+  int val = 0;
+  int valb = -6;
+
+  for (uint8_t c : in) {
+    val = (val << 8) + c;
+    valb += 8;
+    while (valb >= 0) {
+      out.push_back(lookup[(val >> valb) & 0x3F]);
+      valb -= 6;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (valb > -6) {
+    out.push_back(lookup[((val << 8) >> (valb + 8)) & 0x3F]);
+  }
+
+  while (out.size() % 4) {
+    out.push_back('=');
+  }
+
+  return out;
+}
+
+inline bool is_file(const std::string &path) {
+  struct stat st;
+  return stat(path.c_str(), &st) >= 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
+}
+
+inline bool is_dir(const std::string &path) {
+  struct stat st;
+  return stat(path.c_str(), &st) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
+}
+
+inline bool is_valid_path(const std::string &path) {
+  size_t level = 0;
+  size_t i = 0;
+
+  // Skip slash
+  while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
+    i++;
+  }
+
+  while (i < path.size()) {
+    // Read component
+    auto beg = i;
+    while (i < path.size() && path[i] != '/') {
+      i++;
+    }
+
+    auto len = i - beg;
+    assert(len > 0);
+
+    if (!path.compare(beg, len, ".")) {
+      ;
+    } else if (!path.compare(beg, len, "..")) {
+      if (level == 0) { return false; }
+      level--;
+    } else {
+      level++;
+    }
+
+    // Skip slash
+    while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
+      i++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline void read_file(const std::string &path, std::string &out) {
+  std::ifstream fs(path, std::ios_base::binary);
+  fs.seekg(0, std::ios_base::end);
+  auto size = fs.tellg();
+  fs.seekg(0);
+  out.resize(static_cast<size_t>(size));
+  fs.read(&out[0], size);
+}
+
+inline std::string file_extension(const std::string &path) {
+  std::smatch m;
+  auto pat = std::regex("\\.([a-zA-Z0-9]+)$");
+  if (std::regex_search(path, m, pat)) { return m[1].str(); }
+  return std::string();
+}
+
+template <class Fn> void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d, Fn fn) {
+  int i = 0;
+  int beg = 0;
+
+  while (e ? (b + i != e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
+    if (b[i] == d) {
+      fn(&b[beg], &b[i]);
+      beg = i + 1;
+    }
+    i++;
+  }
+
+  if (i) { fn(&b[beg], &b[i]); }
+}
+
+// NOTE: until the read size reaches `fixed_buffer_size`, use `fixed_buffer`
+// to store data. The call can set memory on stack for performance.
+class stream_line_reader {
+public:
+  stream_line_reader(Stream &strm, char *fixed_buffer, size_t fixed_buffer_size)
+      : strm_(strm), fixed_buffer_(fixed_buffer),
+        fixed_buffer_size_(fixed_buffer_size) {}
+
+  const char *ptr() const {
+    if (glowable_buffer_.empty()) {
+      return fixed_buffer_;
+    } else {
+      return glowable_buffer_.data();
+    }
+  }
+
+  size_t size() const {
+    if (glowable_buffer_.empty()) {
+      return fixed_buffer_used_size_;
+    } else {
+      return glowable_buffer_.size();
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool getline() {
+    fixed_buffer_used_size_ = 0;
+    glowable_buffer_.clear();
+
+    for (size_t i = 0;; i++) {
+      char byte;
+      auto n = strm_.read(&byte, 1);
+
+      if (n < 0) {
+        return false;
+      } else if (n == 0) {
+        if (i == 0) {
+          return false;
+        } else {
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      append(byte);
+
+      if (byte == '\n') { break; }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+private:
+  void append(char c) {
+    if (fixed_buffer_used_size_ < fixed_buffer_size_ - 1) {
+      fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_++] = c;
+      fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_] = '\0';
+    } else {
+      if (glowable_buffer_.empty()) {
+        assert(fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_] == '\0');
+        glowable_buffer_.assign(fixed_buffer_, fixed_buffer_used_size_);
+      }
+      glowable_buffer_ += c;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Stream &strm_;
+  char *fixed_buffer_;
+  const size_t fixed_buffer_size_;
+  size_t fixed_buffer_used_size_;
+  std::string glowable_buffer_;
+};
+
+inline int close_socket(socket_t sock) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return closesocket(sock);
+#else
+  return close(sock);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline int select_read(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+  fd_set fds;
+  FD_ZERO(&fds);
+  FD_SET(sock, &fds);
+
+  timeval tv;
+  tv.tv_sec = static_cast<long>(sec);
+  tv.tv_usec = static_cast<long>(usec);
+
+  return select(static_cast<int>(sock + 1), &fds, nullptr, nullptr, &tv);
+}
+
+inline bool wait_until_socket_is_ready(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
+  fd_set fdsr;
+  FD_ZERO(&fdsr);
+  FD_SET(sock, &fdsr);
+
+  auto fdsw = fdsr;
+  auto fdse = fdsr;
+
+  timeval tv;
+  tv.tv_sec = static_cast<long>(sec);
+  tv.tv_usec = static_cast<long>(usec);
+
+  if (select(static_cast<int>(sock + 1), &fdsr, &fdsw, &fdse, &tv) < 0) {
+    return false;
+  } else if (FD_ISSET(sock, &fdsr) || FD_ISSET(sock, &fdsw)) {
+    int error = 0;
+    socklen_t len = sizeof(error);
+    if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (char *)&error, &len) < 0 ||
+        error) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock, size_t keep_alive_max_count,
+                                  T callback) {
+  bool ret = false;
+
+  if (keep_alive_max_count > 0) {
+    auto count = keep_alive_max_count;
+    while (count > 0 &&
+           detail::select_read(sock, CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND,
+                               CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_USECOND) > 0) {
+      SocketStream strm(sock);
+      auto last_connection = count == 1;
+      auto connection_close = false;
+
+      ret = callback(strm, last_connection, connection_close);
+      if (!ret || connection_close) { break; }
+
+      count--;
+    }
+  } else {
+    SocketStream strm(sock);
+    auto dummy_connection_close = false;
+    ret = callback(strm, true, dummy_connection_close);
+  }
+
+  close_socket(sock);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+inline int shutdown_socket(socket_t sock) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
+#else
+  return shutdown(sock, SHUT_RDWR);
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename Fn>
+socket_t create_socket(const char *host, int port, Fn fn,
+                       int socket_flags = 0) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define SO_SYNCHRONOUS_NONALERT 0x20
+#define SO_OPENTYPE 0x7008
+
+  int opt = SO_SYNCHRONOUS_NONALERT;
+  setsockopt(INVALID_SOCKET, SOL_SOCKET, SO_OPENTYPE, (char *)&opt,
+             sizeof(opt));
+#endif
+
+  // Get address info
+  struct addrinfo hints;
+  struct addrinfo *result;
+
+  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+  hints.ai_flags = socket_flags;
+  hints.ai_protocol = 0;
+
+  auto service = std::to_string(port);
+
+  if (getaddrinfo(host, service.c_str(), &hints, &result)) {
+    return INVALID_SOCKET;
+  }
+
+  for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
+    // Create a socket
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    auto sock = WSASocketW(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol,
+                           nullptr, 0, WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT);
+#else
+    auto sock = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
+#endif
+    if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { continue; }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) { continue; }
+#endif
+
+    // Make 'reuse address' option available
+    int yes = 1;
+    setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char *)&yes, sizeof(yes));
+#ifdef SO_REUSEPORT
+    setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, (char *)&yes, sizeof(yes));
+#endif
+
+    // bind or connect
+    if (fn(sock, *rp)) {
+      freeaddrinfo(result);
+      return sock;
+    }
+
+    close_socket(sock);
+  }
+
+  freeaddrinfo(result);
+  return INVALID_SOCKET;
+}
+
+inline void set_nonblocking(socket_t sock, bool nonblocking) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  auto flags = nonblocking ? 1UL : 0UL;
+  ioctlsocket(sock, FIONBIO, &flags);
+#else
+  auto flags = fcntl(sock, F_GETFL, 0);
+  fcntl(sock, F_SETFL,
+        nonblocking ? (flags | O_NONBLOCK) : (flags & (~O_NONBLOCK)));
+#endif
+}
+
+inline bool is_connection_error() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return WSAGetLastError() != WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
+#else
+  return errno != EINPROGRESS;
+#endif
+}
+
+inline std::string get_remote_addr(socket_t sock) {
+  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
+  socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);
+
+  if (!getpeername(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len)) {
+    char ipstr[NI_MAXHOST];
+
+    if (!getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&addr, len, ipstr, sizeof(ipstr),
+                     nullptr, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) {
+      return ipstr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return std::string();
+}
+
+inline const char *find_content_type(const std::string &path) {
+  auto ext = file_extension(path);
+  if (ext == "txt") {
+    return "text/plain";
+  } else if (ext == "html") {
+    return "text/html";
+  } else if (ext == "css") {
+    return "text/css";
+  } else if (ext == "jpeg" || ext == "jpg") {
+    return "image/jpg";
+  } else if (ext == "png") {
+    return "image/png";
+  } else if (ext == "gif") {
+    return "image/gif";
+  } else if (ext == "svg") {
+    return "image/svg+xml";
+  } else if (ext == "ico") {
+    return "image/x-icon";
+  } else if (ext == "json") {
+    return "application/json";
+  } else if (ext == "pdf") {
+    return "application/pdf";
+  } else if (ext == "js") {
+    return "application/javascript";
+  } else if (ext == "xml") {
+    return "application/xml";
+  } else if (ext == "xhtml") {
+    return "application/xhtml+xml";
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+inline const char *status_message(int status) {
+  switch (status) {
+  case 200: return "OK";
+  case 301: return "Moved Permanently";
+  case 302: return "Found";
+  case 303: return "See Other";
+  case 304: return "Not Modified";
+  case 400: return "Bad Request";
+  case 403: return "Forbidden";
+  case 404: return "Not Found";
+  case 413: return "Payload Too Large";
+  case 414: return "Request-URI Too Long";
+  case 415: return "Unsupported Media Type";
+  default:
+  case 500: return "Internal Server Error";
+  }
+}
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+inline bool can_compress(const std::string &content_type) {
+  return !content_type.find("text/") || content_type == "image/svg+xml" ||
+         content_type == "application/javascript" ||
+         content_type == "application/json" ||
+         content_type == "application/xml" ||
+         content_type == "application/xhtml+xml";
+}
+
+inline bool compress(std::string &content) {
+  z_stream strm;
+  strm.zalloc = Z_NULL;
+  strm.zfree = Z_NULL;
+  strm.opaque = Z_NULL;
+
+  auto ret = deflateInit2(&strm, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 31, 8,
+                          Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+  if (ret != Z_OK) { return false; }
+
+  strm.avail_in = content.size();
+  strm.next_in = (Bytef *)content.data();
+
+  std::string compressed;
+
+  const auto bufsiz = 16384;
+  char buff[bufsiz];
+  do {
+    strm.avail_out = bufsiz;
+    strm.next_out = (Bytef *)buff;
+    ret = deflate(&strm, Z_FINISH);
+    assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
+    compressed.append(buff, bufsiz - strm.avail_out);
+  } while (strm.avail_out == 0);
+
+  assert(ret == Z_STREAM_END);
+  assert(strm.avail_in == 0);
+
+  content.swap(compressed);
+
+  deflateEnd(&strm);
+  return true;
+}
+
+class decompressor {
+public:
+  decompressor() {
+    strm.zalloc = Z_NULL;
+    strm.zfree = Z_NULL;
+    strm.opaque = Z_NULL;
+
+    // 15 is the value of wbits, which should be at the maximum possible value
+    // to ensure that any gzip stream can be decoded. The offset of 16 specifies
+    // that the stream to decompress will be formatted with a gzip wrapper.
+    is_valid_ = inflateInit2(&strm, 16 + 15) == Z_OK;
+  }
+
+  ~decompressor() { inflateEnd(&strm); }
+
+  bool is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_len, T callback) {
+    int ret = Z_OK;
+    std::string decompressed;
+
+    // strm.avail_in = content.size();
+    // strm.next_in = (Bytef *)content.data();
+    strm.avail_in = data_len;
+    strm.next_in = (Bytef *)data;
+
+    const auto bufsiz = 16384;
+    char buff[bufsiz];
+    do {
+      strm.avail_out = bufsiz;
+      strm.next_out = (Bytef *)buff;
+
+      ret = inflate(&strm, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+      assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
+      switch (ret) {
+      case Z_NEED_DICT:
+      case Z_DATA_ERROR:
+      case Z_MEM_ERROR: inflateEnd(&strm); return false;
+      }
+
+      decompressed.append(buff, bufsiz - strm.avail_out);
+    } while (strm.avail_out == 0);
+
+    if (ret == Z_STREAM_END) {
+      callback(decompressed.data(), decompressed.size());
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+private:
+  bool is_valid_;
+  z_stream strm;
+};
+#endif
+
+inline bool has_header(const Headers &headers, const char *key) {
+  return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
+}
+
+inline const char *get_header_value(const Headers &headers, const char *key,
+                                    size_t id = 0, const char *def = nullptr) {
+  auto it = headers.find(key);
+  std::advance(it, id);
+  if (it != headers.end()) { return it->second.c_str(); }
+  return def;
+}
+
+inline uint64_t get_header_value_uint64(const Headers &headers, const char *key,
+                                        int def = 0) {
+  auto it = headers.find(key);
+  if (it != headers.end()) {
+    return std::strtoull(it->second.data(), nullptr, 10);
+  }
+  return def;
+}
+
+inline bool read_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers) {
+  static std::regex re(R"((.+?):\s*(.+?)\s*\r\n)");
+
+  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+  char buf[bufsiz];
+
+  stream_line_reader reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+
+  for (;;) {
+    if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+    if (!strcmp(reader.ptr(), "\r\n")) { break; }
+    std::cmatch m;
+    if (std::regex_match(reader.ptr(), m, re)) {
+      auto key = std::string(m[1]);
+      auto val = std::string(m[2]);
+      headers.emplace(key, val);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool read_content_with_length(Stream &strm, size_t len,
+                                     Progress progress, T callback) {
+  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+
+  size_t r = 0;
+  while (r < len) {
+    auto n = strm.read(buf, std::min((len - r), CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ));
+    if (n <= 0) { return false; }
+
+    callback(buf, n);
+
+    r += n;
+
+    if (progress) {
+      if (!progress(r, len)) { return false; }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline void skip_content_with_length(Stream &strm, size_t len) {
+  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+  size_t r = 0;
+  while (r < len) {
+    auto n = strm.read(buf, std::min((len - r), CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ));
+    if (n <= 0) { return; }
+    r += n;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool read_content_without_length(Stream &strm, T callback) {
+  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
+  for (;;) {
+    auto n = strm.read(buf, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ);
+    if (n < 0) {
+      return false;
+    } else if (n == 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    callback(buf, n);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline bool read_content_chunked(Stream &strm, T callback) {
+  const auto bufsiz = 16;
+  char buf[bufsiz];
+
+  stream_line_reader reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+
+  if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+  auto chunk_len = std::stoi(reader.ptr(), 0, 16);
+
+  while (chunk_len > 0) {
+    if (!read_content_with_length(strm, chunk_len, nullptr, callback)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+    if (strcmp(reader.ptr(), "\r\n")) { break; }
+
+    if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+    chunk_len = std::stoi(reader.ptr(), 0, 16);
+  }
+
+  if (chunk_len == 0) {
+    // Reader terminator after chunks
+    if (!reader.getline() || strcmp(reader.ptr(), "\r\n")) return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool is_chunked_transfer_encoding(const Headers &headers) {
+  return !strcasecmp(get_header_value(headers, "Transfer-Encoding", 0, ""),
+                     "chunked");
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool read_content(Stream &strm, T &x, uint64_t payload_max_length, int &status,
+                  Progress progress, U callback) {
+
+  ContentReceiver out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n) { callback(buf, n); };
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+  detail::decompressor decompressor;
+
+  if (!decompressor.is_valid()) {
+    status = 500;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (x.get_header_value("Content-Encoding") == "gzip") {
+    out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
+      decompressor.decompress(
+          buf, n, [&](const char *buf, size_t n) { callback(buf, n); });
+    };
+  }
+#else
+  if (x.get_header_value("Content-Encoding") == "gzip") {
+    status = 415;
+    return false;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  auto ret = true;
+  auto exceed_payload_max_length = false;
+
+  if (is_chunked_transfer_encoding(x.headers)) {
+    ret = read_content_chunked(strm, out);
+  } else if (!has_header(x.headers, "Content-Length")) {
+    ret = read_content_without_length(strm, out);
+  } else {
+    auto len = get_header_value_uint64(x.headers, "Content-Length", 0);
+    if (len > 0) {
+      if ((len > payload_max_length) ||
+          // For 32-bit platform
+          (sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(uint64_t) &&
+           len > std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max())) {
+        exceed_payload_max_length = true;
+        skip_content_with_length(strm, len);
+        ret = false;
+      } else {
+        ret = read_content_with_length(strm, len, progress, out);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!ret) { status = exceed_payload_max_length ? 413 : 400; }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+template <typename T> inline void write_headers(Stream &strm, const T &info) {
+  for (const auto &x : info.headers) {
+    strm.write_format("%s: %s\r\n", x.first.c_str(), x.second.c_str());
+  }
+  strm.write("\r\n");
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline void write_content_chunked(Stream &strm, const T &x) {
+  auto chunked_response = !x.has_header("Content-Length");
+  uint64_t offset = 0;
+  auto data_available = true;
+  while (data_available) {
+    auto chunk = x.content_producer(offset);
+    offset += chunk.size();
+    data_available = !chunk.empty();
+
+    // Emit chunked response header and footer for each chunk
+    if (chunked_response) {
+      chunk = from_i_to_hex(chunk.size()) + "\r\n" + chunk + "\r\n";
+    }
+
+    if (strm.write(chunk.c_str(), chunk.size()) < 0) {
+      break; // Stop on error
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+inline std::string encode_url(const std::string &s) {
+  std::string result;
+
+  for (auto i = 0; s[i]; i++) {
+    switch (s[i]) {
+    case ' ': result += "%20"; break;
+    case '+': result += "%2B"; break;
+    case '\r': result += "%0D"; break;
+    case '\n': result += "%0A"; break;
+    case '\'': result += "%27"; break;
+    case ',': result += "%2C"; break;
+    case ':': result += "%3A"; break;
+    case ';': result += "%3B"; break;
+    default:
+      auto c = static_cast<uint8_t>(s[i]);
+      if (c >= 0x80) {
+        result += '%';
+        char hex[4];
+        size_t len = snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex) - 1, "%02X", c);
+        assert(len == 2);
+        result.append(hex, len);
+      } else {
+        result += s[i];
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+inline std::string decode_url(const std::string &s) {
+  std::string result;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) {
+    if (s[i] == '%' && i + 1 < s.size()) {
+      if (s[i + 1] == 'u') {
+        int val = 0;
+        if (from_hex_to_i(s, i + 2, 4, val)) {
+          // 4 digits Unicode codes
+          char buff[4];
+          size_t len = to_utf8(val, buff);
+          if (len > 0) { result.append(buff, len); }
+          i += 5; // 'u0000'
+        } else {
+          result += s[i];
+        }
+      } else {
+        int val = 0;
+        if (from_hex_to_i(s, i + 1, 2, val)) {
+          // 2 digits hex codes
+          result += val;
+          i += 2; // '00'
+        } else {
+          result += s[i];
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (s[i] == '+') {
+      result += ' ';
+    } else {
+      result += s[i];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+inline void parse_query_text(const std::string &s, Params &params) {
+  split(&s[0], &s[s.size()], '&', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+    std::string key;
+    std::string val;
+    split(b, e, '=', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+      if (key.empty()) {
+        key.assign(b, e);
+      } else {
+        val.assign(b, e);
+      }
+    });
+    params.emplace(key, decode_url(val));
+  });
+}
+
+inline bool parse_multipart_boundary(const std::string &content_type,
+                                     std::string &boundary) {
+  auto pos = content_type.find("boundary=");
+  if (pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+  boundary = content_type.substr(pos + 9);
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool parse_multipart_formdata(const std::string &boundary,
+                                     const std::string &body,
+                                     MultipartFiles &files) {
+  static std::string dash = "--";
+  static std::string crlf = "\r\n";
+
+  static std::regex re_content_type("Content-Type: (.*?)",
+                                    std::regex_constants::icase);
+
+  static std::regex re_content_disposition(
+      "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"(.*?)\"(?:; filename=\"(.*?)\")?",
+      std::regex_constants::icase);
+
+  auto dash_boundary = dash + boundary;
+
+  auto pos = body.find(dash_boundary);
+  if (pos != 0) { return false; }
+
+  pos += dash_boundary.size();
+
+  auto next_pos = body.find(crlf, pos);
+  if (next_pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+  pos = next_pos + crlf.size();
+
+  while (pos < body.size()) {
+    next_pos = body.find(crlf, pos);
+    if (next_pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+    std::string name;
+    MultipartFile file;
+
+    auto header = body.substr(pos, (next_pos - pos));
+
+    while (pos != next_pos) {
+      std::smatch m;
+      if (std::regex_match(header, m, re_content_type)) {
+        file.content_type = m[1];
+      } else if (std::regex_match(header, m, re_content_disposition)) {
+        name = m[1];
+        file.filename = m[2];
+      }
+
+      pos = next_pos + crlf.size();
+
+      next_pos = body.find(crlf, pos);
+      if (next_pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+      header = body.substr(pos, (next_pos - pos));
+    }
+
+    pos = next_pos + crlf.size();
+
+    next_pos = body.find(crlf + dash_boundary, pos);
+
+    if (next_pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+    file.offset = pos;
+    file.length = next_pos - pos;
+
+    pos = next_pos + crlf.size() + dash_boundary.size();
+
+    next_pos = body.find(crlf, pos);
+    if (next_pos == std::string::npos) { return false; }
+
+    files.emplace(name, file);
+
+    pos = next_pos + crlf.size();
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string to_lower(const char *beg, const char *end) {
+  std::string out;
+  auto it = beg;
+  while (it != end) {
+    out += ::tolower(*it);
+    it++;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+inline void make_range_header_core(std::string &) {}
+
+template <typename uint64_t>
+inline void make_range_header_core(std::string &field, uint64_t value) {
+  if (!field.empty()) { field += ", "; }
+  field += std::to_string(value) + "-";
+}
+
+template <typename uint64_t, typename... Args>
+inline void make_range_header_core(std::string &field, uint64_t value1,
+                                   uint64_t value2, Args... args) {
+  if (!field.empty()) { field += ", "; }
+  field += std::to_string(value1) + "-" + std::to_string(value2);
+  make_range_header_core(field, args...);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+class WSInit {
+public:
+  WSInit() {
+    WSADATA wsaData;
+    WSAStartup(0x0002, &wsaData);
+  }
+
+  ~WSInit() { WSACleanup(); }
+};
+
+static WSInit wsinit_;
+#endif
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+// Header utilities
+template <typename uint64_t, typename... Args>
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_range_header(uint64_t value,
+                                                             Args... args) {
+  std::string field;
+  detail::make_range_header_core(field, value, args...);
+  field.insert(0, "bytes=");
+  return std::make_pair("Range", field);
+}
+
+
+inline std::pair<std::string, std::string> 
+make_basic_authentication_header(const std::string& username, const std::string& password) {
+  auto field = "Basic " + detail::base64_encode(username + ":" + password);
+  return std::make_pair("Authorization", field);
+}
+// Request implementation
+inline bool Request::has_header(const char *key) const {
+  return detail::has_header(headers, key);
+}
+
+inline std::string Request::get_header_value(const char *key, size_t id) const {
+  return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, id, "");
+}
+
+inline size_t Request::get_header_value_count(const char *key) const {
+  auto r = headers.equal_range(key);
+  return std::distance(r.first, r.second);
+}
+
+inline void Request::set_header(const char *key, const char *val) {
+  headers.emplace(key, val);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::has_param(const char *key) const {
+  return params.find(key) != params.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Request::get_param_value(const char *key, size_t id) const {
+  auto it = params.find(key);
+  std::advance(it, id);
+  if (it != params.end()) { return it->second; }
+  return std::string();
+}
+
+inline size_t Request::get_param_value_count(const char *key) const {
+  auto r = params.equal_range(key);
+  return std::distance(r.first, r.second);
+}
+
+inline bool Request::has_file(const char *key) const {
+  return files.find(key) != files.end();
+}
+
+inline MultipartFile Request::get_file_value(const char *key) const {
+  auto it = files.find(key);
+  if (it != files.end()) { return it->second; }
+  return MultipartFile();
+}
+
+// Response implementation
+inline bool Response::has_header(const char *key) const {
+  return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
+}
+
+inline std::string Response::get_header_value(const char *key,
+                                              size_t id) const {
+  return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, id, "");
+}
+
+inline size_t Response::get_header_value_count(const char *key) const {
+  auto r = headers.equal_range(key);
+  return std::distance(r.first, r.second);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_header(const char *key, const char *val) {
+  headers.emplace(key, val);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_redirect(const char *url) {
+  set_header("Location", url);
+  status = 302;
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content(const char *s, size_t n,
+                                  const char *content_type) {
+  body.assign(s, n);
+  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+}
+
+inline void Response::set_content(const std::string &s,
+                                  const char *content_type) {
+  body = s;
+  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
+}
+
+// Rstream implementation
+template <typename... Args>
+inline void Stream::write_format(const char *fmt, const Args &... args) {
+  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+  char buf[bufsiz];
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1900
+  auto n = _snprintf_s(buf, bufsiz, bufsiz - 1, fmt, args...);
+#else
+  auto n = snprintf(buf, bufsiz - 1, fmt, args...);
+#endif
+  if (n > 0) {
+    if (n >= bufsiz - 1) {
+      std::vector<char> glowable_buf(bufsiz);
+
+      while (n >= static_cast<int>(glowable_buf.size() - 1)) {
+        glowable_buf.resize(glowable_buf.size() * 2);
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1900
+        n = _snprintf_s(&glowable_buf[0], glowable_buf.size(),
+                        glowable_buf.size() - 1, fmt, args...);
+#else
+        n = snprintf(&glowable_buf[0], glowable_buf.size() - 1, fmt, args...);
+#endif
+      }
+      write(&glowable_buf[0], n);
+    } else {
+      write(buf, n);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Socket stream implementation
+inline SocketStream::SocketStream(socket_t sock) : sock_(sock) {}
+
+inline SocketStream::~SocketStream() {}
+
+inline int SocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+  if (detail::select_read(sock_, CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND,
+                          CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND) > 0) {
+    return recv(sock_, ptr, static_cast<int>(size), 0);
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+inline int SocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+  return send(sock_, ptr, static_cast<int>(size), 0);
+}
+
+inline int SocketStream::write(const char *ptr) {
+  return write(ptr, strlen(ptr));
+}
+
+inline std::string SocketStream::get_remote_addr() const {
+  return detail::get_remote_addr(sock_);
+}
+
+// Buffer stream implementation
+inline int BufferStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1900
+  return static_cast<int>(buffer._Copy_s(ptr, size, size));
+#else
+  return static_cast<int>(buffer.copy(ptr, size));
+#endif
+}
+
+inline int BufferStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+  buffer.append(ptr, size);
+  return static_cast<int>(size);
+}
+
+inline int BufferStream::write(const char *ptr) {
+  size_t size = strlen(ptr);
+  buffer.append(ptr, size);
+  return static_cast<int>(size);
+}
+
+inline std::string BufferStream::get_remote_addr() const { return ""; }
+
+inline const std::string &BufferStream::get_buffer() const { return buffer; }
+
+// HTTP server implementation
+inline Server::Server()
+    : keep_alive_max_count_(CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT),
+      payload_max_length_(CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH), is_running_(false),
+      svr_sock_(INVALID_SOCKET), running_threads_(0) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+#endif
+}
+
+inline Server::~Server() {}
+
+inline Server &Server::Get(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  get_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Post(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  post_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Put(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  put_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Patch(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  patch_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Delete(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  delete_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline Server &Server::Options(const char *pattern, Handler handler) {
+  options_handlers_.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::set_base_dir(const char *path) {
+  if (detail::is_dir(path)) {
+    base_dir_ = path;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline void Server::set_error_handler(Handler handler) {
+  error_handler_ = handler;
+}
+
+inline void Server::set_logger(Logger logger) { logger_ = logger; }
+
+inline void Server::set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count) {
+  keep_alive_max_count_ = count;
+}
+
+inline void Server::set_payload_max_length(uint64_t length) {
+  payload_max_length_ = length;
+}
+
+inline int Server::bind_to_any_port(const char *host, int socket_flags) {
+  return bind_internal(host, 0, socket_flags);
+}
+
+inline bool Server::listen_after_bind() { return listen_internal(); }
+
+inline bool Server::listen(const char *host, int port, int socket_flags) {
+  if (bind_internal(host, port, socket_flags) < 0) return false;
+  return listen_internal();
+}
+
+inline bool Server::is_running() const { return is_running_; }
+
+inline void Server::stop() {
+  if (is_running_) {
+    assert(svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET);
+    std::atomic<socket_t> sock(svr_sock_.exchange(INVALID_SOCKET));
+    detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
+    detail::close_socket(sock);
+  }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req) {
+  static std::regex re("(GET|HEAD|POST|PUT|PATCH|DELETE|OPTIONS) "
+                       "(([^?]+)(?:\\?(.+?))?) (HTTP/1\\.[01])\r\n");
+
+  std::cmatch m;
+  if (std::regex_match(s, m, re)) {
+    req.version = std::string(m[5]);
+    req.method = std::string(m[1]);
+    req.target = std::string(m[2]);
+    req.path = detail::decode_url(m[3]);
+
+    // Parse query text
+    auto len = std::distance(m[4].first, m[4].second);
+    if (len > 0) { detail::parse_query_text(m[4], req.params); }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline void Server::write_response(Stream &strm, bool last_connection,
+                                   const Request &req, Response &res) {
+  assert(res.status != -1);
+
+  if (400 <= res.status && error_handler_) { error_handler_(req, res); }
+
+  // Response line
+  strm.write_format("HTTP/1.1 %d %s\r\n", res.status,
+                    detail::status_message(res.status));
+
+  // Headers
+  if (last_connection || req.get_header_value("Connection") == "close") {
+    res.set_header("Connection", "close");
+  }
+
+  if (!last_connection && req.get_header_value("Connection") == "Keep-Alive") {
+    res.set_header("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
+  }
+
+  if (res.body.empty()) {
+    if (!res.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+      if (res.content_producer) {
+        // Streamed response
+        res.set_header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
+      } else {
+        res.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
+    // TODO: 'Accpet-Encoding' has gzip, not gzip;q=0
+    const auto &encodings = req.get_header_value("Accept-Encoding");
+    if (encodings.find("gzip") != std::string::npos &&
+        detail::can_compress(res.get_header_value("Content-Type"))) {
+      if (detail::compress(res.body)) {
+        res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
+      }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (!res.has_header("Content-Type")) {
+      res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
+    }
+
+    auto length = std::to_string(res.body.size());
+    res.set_header("Content-Length", length.c_str());
+  }
+
+  detail::write_headers(strm, res);
+
+  // Body
+  if (req.method != "HEAD") {
+    if (!res.body.empty()) {
+      strm.write(res.body.c_str(), res.body.size());
+    } else if (res.content_producer) {
+      detail::write_content_chunked(strm, res);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Log
+  if (logger_) { logger_(req, res); }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res) {
+  if (!base_dir_.empty() && detail::is_valid_path(req.path)) {
+    std::string path = base_dir_ + req.path;
+
+    if (!path.empty() && path.back() == '/') { path += "index.html"; }
+
+    if (detail::is_file(path)) {
+      detail::read_file(path, res.body);
+      auto type = detail::find_content_type(path);
+      if (type) { res.set_header("Content-Type", type); }
+      res.status = 200;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline socket_t Server::create_server_socket(const char *host, int port,
+                                             int socket_flags) const {
+  return detail::create_socket(
+      host, port,
+      [](socket_t sock, struct addrinfo &ai) -> bool {
+        if (::bind(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<int>(ai.ai_addrlen))) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (::listen(sock, 5)) { // Listen through 5 channels
+          return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+      },
+      socket_flags);
+}
+
+inline int Server::bind_internal(const char *host, int port, int socket_flags) {
+  if (!is_valid()) { return -1; }
+
+  svr_sock_ = create_server_socket(host, port, socket_flags);
+  if (svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) { return -1; }
+
+  if (port == 0) {
+    struct sockaddr_storage address;
+    socklen_t len = sizeof(address);
+    if (getsockname(svr_sock_, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&address),
+                    &len) == -1) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (address.ss_family == AF_INET) {
+      return ntohs(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>(&address)->sin_port);
+    } else if (address.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
+      return ntohs(
+          reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&address)->sin6_port);
+    } else {
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } else {
+    return port;
+  }
+}
+
+inline bool Server::listen_internal() {
+  auto ret = true;
+
+  is_running_ = true;
+
+  for (;;) {
+    if (svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+      // The server socket was closed by 'stop' method.
+      break;
+    }
+
+    auto val = detail::select_read(svr_sock_, 0, 100000);
+
+    if (val == 0) { // Timeout
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    socket_t sock = accept(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr);
+
+    if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
+      if (svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
+        detail::close_socket(svr_sock_);
+        ret = false;
+      } else {
+        ; // The server socket was closed by user.
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Use thread pool...
+    std::thread([=]() {
+      {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(running_threads_mutex_);
+        running_threads_++;
+      }
+
+      read_and_close_socket(sock);
+
+      {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(running_threads_mutex_);
+        running_threads_--;
+      }
+    }).detach();
+  }
+
+  // TODO: Use thread pool...
+  for (;;) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(running_threads_mutex_);
+    if (!running_threads_) { break; }
+  }
+
+  is_running_ = false;
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::routing(Request &req, Response &res) {
+  if (req.method == "GET" && handle_file_request(req, res)) { return true; }
+
+  if (req.method == "GET" || req.method == "HEAD") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, get_handlers_);
+  } else if (req.method == "POST") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, post_handlers_);
+  } else if (req.method == "PUT") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, put_handlers_);
+  } else if (req.method == "PATCH") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, patch_handlers_);
+  } else if (req.method == "DELETE") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, delete_handlers_);
+  } else if (req.method == "OPTIONS") {
+    return dispatch_request(req, res, options_handlers_);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res,
+                                     Handlers &handlers) {
+  for (const auto &x : handlers) {
+    const auto &pattern = x.first;
+    const auto &handler = x.second;
+
+    if (std::regex_match(req.path, req.matches, pattern)) {
+      handler(req, res);
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline bool
+Server::process_request(Stream &strm, bool last_connection,
+                        bool &connection_close,
+                        std::function<void(Request &)> setup_request) {
+  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+  char buf[bufsiz];
+
+  detail::stream_line_reader reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+
+  // Connection has been closed on client
+  if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+  Request req;
+  Response res;
+
+  res.version = "HTTP/1.1";
+
+  // Check if the request URI doesn't exceed the limit
+  if (reader.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH) {
+    res.status = 414;
+    write_response(strm, last_connection, req, res);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Request line and headers
+  if (!parse_request_line(reader.ptr(), req) ||
+      !detail::read_headers(strm, req.headers)) {
+    res.status = 400;
+    write_response(strm, last_connection, req, res);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (req.get_header_value("Connection") == "close") {
+    connection_close = true;
+  }
+
+  req.set_header("REMOTE_ADDR", strm.get_remote_addr().c_str());
+
+  // Body
+  if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" || req.method == "PATCH") {
+    if (!detail::read_content(
+            strm, req, payload_max_length_, res.status, Progress(),
+            [&](const char *buf, size_t n) { req.body.append(buf, n); })) {
+      write_response(strm, last_connection, req, res);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    const auto &content_type = req.get_header_value("Content-Type");
+
+    if (!content_type.find("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")) {
+      detail::parse_query_text(req.body, req.params);
+    } else if (!content_type.find("multipart/form-data")) {
+      std::string boundary;
+      if (!detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary) ||
+          !detail::parse_multipart_formdata(boundary, req.body, req.files)) {
+        res.status = 400;
+        write_response(strm, last_connection, req, res);
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // TODO: Add additional request info
+  if (setup_request) { setup_request(req); }
+
+  if (routing(req, res)) {
+    if (res.status == -1) { res.status = 200; }
+  } else {
+    res.status = 404;
+  }
+
+  write_response(strm, last_connection, req, res);
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Server::is_valid() const { return true; }
+
+inline bool Server::read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
+  return detail::read_and_close_socket(
+      sock, keep_alive_max_count_,
+      [this](Stream &strm, bool last_connection, bool &connection_close) {
+        return process_request(strm, last_connection, connection_close);
+      });
+}
+
+// HTTP client implementation
+inline Client::Client(const char *host, int port, time_t timeout_sec)
+    : host_(host), port_(port), timeout_sec_(timeout_sec),
+      host_and_port_(host_ + ":" + std::to_string(port_)) {}
+
+inline Client::~Client() {}
+
+inline bool Client::is_valid() const { return true; }
+
+inline socket_t Client::create_client_socket() const {
+  return detail::create_socket(
+      host_.c_str(), port_, [=](socket_t sock, struct addrinfo &ai) -> bool {
+        detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
+
+        auto ret = connect(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<int>(ai.ai_addrlen));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+          if (detail::is_connection_error() ||
+              !detail::wait_until_socket_is_ready(sock, timeout_sec_, 0)) {
+            detail::close_socket(sock);
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+
+        detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false);
+        return true;
+      });
+}
+
+inline bool Client::read_response_line(Stream &strm, Response &res) {
+  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
+  char buf[bufsiz];
+
+  detail::stream_line_reader reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
+
+  if (!reader.getline()) { return false; }
+
+  const static std::regex re("(HTTP/1\\.[01]) (\\d+?) .*\r\n");
+
+  std::cmatch m;
+  if (std::regex_match(reader.ptr(), m, re)) {
+    res.version = std::string(m[1]);
+    res.status = std::stoi(std::string(m[2]));
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Client::send(Request &req, Response &res) {
+  if (req.path.empty()) { return false; }
+
+  auto sock = create_client_socket();
+  if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return false; }
+
+  return read_and_close_socket(sock, req, res);
+}
+
+inline void Client::write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req) {
+  BufferStream bstrm;
+
+  // Request line
+  auto path = detail::encode_url(req.path);
+
+  bstrm.write_format("%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n", req.method.c_str(), path.c_str());
+
+  // Headers
+  if (!req.has_header("Host")) {
+    if (is_ssl()) {
+      if (port_ == 443) {
+        req.set_header("Host", host_.c_str());
+      } else {
+        req.set_header("Host", host_and_port_.c_str());
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (port_ == 80) {
+        req.set_header("Host", host_.c_str());
+      } else {
+        req.set_header("Host", host_and_port_.c_str());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!req.has_header("Accept")) { req.set_header("Accept", "*/*"); }
+
+  if (!req.has_header("User-Agent")) {
+    req.set_header("User-Agent", "cpp-httplib/0.2");
+  }
+
+  // TODO: Support KeepAlive connection
+  // if (!req.has_header("Connection")) {
+  req.set_header("Connection", "close");
+  // }
+
+  if (req.body.empty()) {
+    if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" || req.method == "PATCH") {
+      req.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (!req.has_header("Content-Type")) {
+      req.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
+    }
+
+    if (!req.has_header("Content-Length")) {
+      auto length = std::to_string(req.body.size());
+      req.set_header("Content-Length", length.c_str());
+    }
+  }
+
+  detail::write_headers(bstrm, req);
+
+  // Body
+  if (!req.body.empty()) { bstrm.write(req.body.c_str(), req.body.size()); }
+
+  // Flush buffer
+  auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
+  strm.write(data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
+inline bool Client::process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
+                                    bool &connection_close) {
+  // Send request
+  write_request(strm, req);
+
+  // Receive response and headers
+  if (!read_response_line(strm, res) ||
+      !detail::read_headers(strm, res.headers)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (res.get_header_value("Connection") == "close" ||
+      res.version == "HTTP/1.0") {
+    connection_close = true;
+  }
+
+  // Body
+  if (req.method != "HEAD") {
+    ContentReceiver out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
+      res.body.append(buf, n);
+    };
+
+    if (res.content_receiver) {
+      out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n) { res.content_receiver(buf, n); };
+    }
+
+    int dummy_status;
+    if (!detail::read_content(strm, res, std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                              dummy_status, res.progress, out)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Client::read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock, Request &req,
+                                          Response &res) {
+  return detail::read_and_close_socket(
+      sock, 0,
+      [&](Stream &strm, bool /*last_connection*/, bool &connection_close) {
+        return process_request(strm, req, res, connection_close);
+      });
+}
+
+inline bool Client::is_ssl() const { return false; }
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Get(const char *path,
+                                             Progress progress) {
+  return Get(path, Headers(), progress);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response>
+Client::Get(const char *path, const Headers &headers, Progress progress) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "GET";
+  req.path = path;
+  req.headers = headers;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+  res->progress = progress;
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Get(const char *path,
+                                             ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+                                             Progress progress) {
+  return Get(path, Headers(), content_receiver, progress);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Get(const char *path,
+                                             const Headers &headers,
+                                             ContentReceiver content_receiver,
+                                             Progress progress) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "GET";
+  req.path = path;
+  req.headers = headers;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+  res->content_receiver = content_receiver;
+  res->progress = progress;
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Head(const char *path) {
+  return Head(path, Headers());
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Head(const char *path,
+                                              const Headers &headers) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "HEAD";
+  req.headers = headers;
+  req.path = path;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Post(const char *path,
+                                              const std::string &body,
+                                              const char *content_type) {
+  return Post(path, Headers(), body, content_type);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Post(const char *path,
+                                              const Headers &headers,
+                                              const std::string &body,
+                                              const char *content_type) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "POST";
+  req.headers = headers;
+  req.path = path;
+
+  req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", content_type);
+  req.body = body;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Post(const char *path,
+                                              const Params &params) {
+  return Post(path, Headers(), params);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response>
+Client::Post(const char *path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params) {
+  std::string query;
+  for (auto it = params.begin(); it != params.end(); ++it) {
+    if (it != params.begin()) { query += "&"; }
+    query += it->first;
+    query += "=";
+    query += detail::encode_url(it->second);
+  }
+
+  return Post(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Put(const char *path,
+                                             const std::string &body,
+                                             const char *content_type) {
+  return Put(path, Headers(), body, content_type);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Put(const char *path,
+                                             const Headers &headers,
+                                             const std::string &body,
+                                             const char *content_type) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "PUT";
+  req.headers = headers;
+  req.path = path;
+
+  req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", content_type);
+  req.body = body;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Patch(const char *path,
+                                               const std::string &body,
+                                               const char *content_type) {
+  return Patch(path, Headers(), body, content_type);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Patch(const char *path,
+                                               const Headers &headers,
+                                               const std::string &body,
+                                               const char *content_type) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "PATCH";
+  req.headers = headers;
+  req.path = path;
+
+  req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", content_type);
+  req.body = body;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Delete(const char *path,
+                                                const std::string &body,
+                                                const char *content_type) {
+  return Delete(path, Headers(), body, content_type);
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Delete(const char *path,
+                                                const Headers &headers,
+                                                const std::string &body,
+                                                const char *content_type) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "DELETE";
+  req.headers = headers;
+  req.path = path;
+
+  if (content_type) { req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", content_type); }
+  req.body = body;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Options(const char *path) {
+  return Options(path, Headers());
+}
+
+inline std::shared_ptr<Response> Client::Options(const char *path,
+                                                 const Headers &headers) {
+  Request req;
+  req.method = "OPTIONS";
+  req.path = path;
+  req.headers = headers;
+
+  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
+
+  return send(req, *res) ? res : nullptr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SSL Implementation
+ */
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename U, typename V, typename T>
+inline bool
+read_and_close_socket_ssl(socket_t sock, size_t keep_alive_max_count,
+                          // TODO: OpenSSL 1.0.2 occasionally crashes...
+                          // The upcoming 1.1.0 is going to be thread safe.
+                          SSL_CTX *ctx, std::mutex &ctx_mutex,
+                          U SSL_connect_or_accept, V setup, T callback) {
+  SSL *ssl = nullptr;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex);
+    ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
+  }
+
+  if (!ssl) {
+    close_socket(sock);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  auto bio = BIO_new_socket(sock, BIO_NOCLOSE);
+  SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
+
+  if (!setup(ssl)) {
+    SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+    {
+      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex);
+      SSL_free(ssl);
+    }
+
+    close_socket(sock);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool ret = false;
+
+  if (SSL_connect_or_accept(ssl) == 1) {
+    if (keep_alive_max_count > 0) {
+      auto count = keep_alive_max_count;
+      while (count > 0 &&
+             detail::select_read(sock, CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND,
+                                 CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_USECOND) > 0) {
+        SSLSocketStream strm(sock, ssl);
+        auto last_connection = count == 1;
+        auto connection_close = false;
+
+        ret = callback(ssl, strm, last_connection, connection_close);
+        if (!ret || connection_close) { break; }
+
+        count--;
+      }
+    } else {
+      SSLSocketStream strm(sock, ssl);
+      auto dummy_connection_close = false;
+      ret = callback(ssl, strm, true, dummy_connection_close);
+    }
+  }
+
+  SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex);
+    SSL_free(ssl);
+  }
+
+  close_socket(sock);
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+class SSLInit {
+public:
+  SSLInit() {
+    SSL_load_error_strings();
+    SSL_library_init();
+  }
+
+  ~SSLInit() { ERR_free_strings(); }
+};
+
+static SSLInit sslinit_;
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+// SSL socket stream implementation
+inline SSLSocketStream::SSLSocketStream(socket_t sock, SSL *ssl)
+    : sock_(sock), ssl_(ssl) {}
+
+inline SSLSocketStream::~SSLSocketStream() {}
+
+inline int SSLSocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
+  if (SSL_pending(ssl_) > 0 ||
+      detail::select_read(sock_, CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND,
+                          CPPHTTPLIB_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND) > 0) {
+    return SSL_read(ssl_, ptr, size);
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+inline int SSLSocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
+  return SSL_write(ssl_, ptr, size);
+}
+
+inline int SSLSocketStream::write(const char *ptr) {
+  return write(ptr, strlen(ptr));
+}
+
+inline std::string SSLSocketStream::get_remote_addr() const {
+  return detail::get_remote_addr(sock_);
+}
+
+// SSL HTTP server implementation
+inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
+                            const char *client_ca_cert_file_path,
+                            const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path) {
+  ctx_ = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_server_method());
+
+  if (ctx_) {
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx_,
+                        SSL_OP_ALL | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3 |
+                            SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION |
+                            SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION);
+
+    // auto ecdh = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1);
+    // SSL_CTX_set_tmp_ecdh(ctx_, ecdh);
+    // EC_KEY_free(ecdh);
+
+    if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(ctx_, cert_path) != 1 ||
+        SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx_, private_key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) !=
+            1) {
+      SSL_CTX_free(ctx_);
+      ctx_ = nullptr;
+    } else if (client_ca_cert_file_path || client_ca_cert_dir_path) {
+      // if (client_ca_cert_file_path) {
+      //   auto list = SSL_load_client_CA_file(client_ca_cert_file_path);
+      //   SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(ctx_, list);
+      // }
+
+      SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(ctx_, client_ca_cert_file_path,
+                                    client_ca_cert_dir_path);
+
+      SSL_CTX_set_verify(
+          ctx_,
+          SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
+              SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, // SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE,
+          nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+inline SSLServer::~SSLServer() {
+  if (ctx_) { SSL_CTX_free(ctx_); }
+}
+
+inline bool SSLServer::is_valid() const { return ctx_; }
+
+inline bool SSLServer::read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
+  return detail::read_and_close_socket_ssl(
+      sock, keep_alive_max_count_, ctx_, ctx_mutex_, SSL_accept,
+      [](SSL * /*ssl*/) { return true; },
+      [this](SSL *ssl, Stream &strm, bool last_connection,
+             bool &connection_close) {
+        return process_request(strm, last_connection, connection_close,
+                               [&](Request &req) { req.ssl = ssl; });
+      });
+}
+
+// SSL HTTP client implementation
+inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const char *host, int port, time_t timeout_sec,
+                            const char *client_cert_path,
+                            const char *client_key_path)
+    : Client(host, port, timeout_sec) {
+  ctx_ = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_client_method());
+
+  detail::split(&host_[0], &host_[host_.size()], '.',
+                [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+                  host_components_.emplace_back(std::string(b, e));
+                });
+  if (client_cert_path && client_key_path) {
+    if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx_, client_cert_path,
+                                     SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) != 1 ||
+        SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx_, client_key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) !=
+            1) {
+      SSL_CTX_free(ctx_);
+      ctx_ = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+inline SSLClient::~SSLClient() {
+  if (ctx_) { SSL_CTX_free(ctx_); }
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::is_valid() const { return ctx_; }
+
+inline void SSLClient::set_ca_cert_path(const char *ca_cert_file_path,
+                                        const char *ca_cert_dir_path) {
+  if (ca_cert_file_path) { ca_cert_file_path_ = ca_cert_file_path; }
+  if (ca_cert_dir_path) { ca_cert_dir_path_ = ca_cert_dir_path; }
+}
+
+inline void SSLClient::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
+  server_certificate_verification_ = enabled;
+}
+
+inline long SSLClient::get_openssl_verify_result() const {
+  return verify_result_;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::read_and_close_socket(socket_t sock, Request &req,
+                                             Response &res) {
+
+  return is_valid() &&
+         detail::read_and_close_socket_ssl(
+             sock, 0, ctx_, ctx_mutex_,
+             [&](SSL *ssl) {
+               if (ca_cert_file_path_.empty()) {
+                 SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx_, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, nullptr);
+               } else {
+                 if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(
+                         ctx_, ca_cert_file_path_.c_str(), nullptr)) {
+                   return false;
+                 }
+                 SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx_, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
+               }
+
+               if (SSL_connect(ssl) != 1) { return false; }
+
+               if (server_certificate_verification_) {
+                 verify_result_ = SSL_get_verify_result(ssl);
+
+                 if (verify_result_ != X509_V_OK) { return false; }
+
+                 auto server_cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(ssl);
+
+                 if (server_cert == nullptr) { return false; }
+
+                 if (!verify_host(server_cert)) {
+                   X509_free(server_cert);
+                   return false;
+                 }
+                 X509_free(server_cert);
+               }
+
+               return true;
+             },
+             [&](SSL *ssl) {
+               SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl, host_.c_str());
+               return true;
+             },
+             [&](SSL * /*ssl*/, Stream &strm, bool /*last_connection*/,
+                 bool &connection_close) {
+               return process_request(strm, req, res, connection_close);
+             });
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::is_ssl() const { return true; }
+
+inline bool SSLClient::verify_host(X509 *server_cert) const {
+  /* Quote from RFC2818 section 3.1 "Server Identity"
+
+     If a subjectAltName extension of type dNSName is present, that MUST
+     be used as the identity. Otherwise, the (most specific) Common Name
+     field in the Subject field of the certificate MUST be used. Although
+     the use of the Common Name is existing practice, it is deprecated and
+     Certification Authorities are encouraged to use the dNSName instead.
+
+     Matching is performed using the matching rules specified by
+     [RFC2459].  If more than one identity of a given type is present in
+     the certificate (e.g., more than one dNSName name, a match in any one
+     of the set is considered acceptable.) Names may contain the wildcard
+     character * which is considered to match any single domain name
+     component or component fragment. E.g., *.a.com matches foo.a.com but
+     not bar.foo.a.com. f*.com matches foo.com but not bar.com.
+
+     In some cases, the URI is specified as an IP address rather than a
+     hostname. In this case, the iPAddress subjectAltName must be present
+     in the certificate and must exactly match the IP in the URI.
+
+  */
+  return verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(server_cert) ||
+         verify_host_with_common_name(server_cert);
+}
+
+inline bool
+SSLClient::verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(X509 *server_cert) const {
+  auto ret = false;
+
+  auto type = GEN_DNS;
+
+  struct in6_addr addr6;
+  struct in_addr addr;
+  size_t addr_len = 0;
+
+  if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, host_.c_str(), &addr6)) {
+    type = GEN_IPADD;
+    addr_len = sizeof(struct in6_addr);
+  } else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, host_.c_str(), &addr)) {
+    type = GEN_IPADD;
+    addr_len = sizeof(struct in_addr);
+  }
+
+  auto alt_names = static_cast<const struct stack_st_GENERAL_NAME *>(
+      X509_get_ext_d2i(server_cert, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
+
+  if (alt_names) {
+    auto dsn_matched = false;
+    auto ip_mached = false;
+
+    auto count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(alt_names);
+
+    for (auto i = 0; i < count && !dsn_matched; i++) {
+      auto val = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(alt_names, i);
+      if (val->type == type) {
+        auto name = (const char *)ASN1_STRING_get0_data(val->d.ia5);
+        auto name_len = (size_t)ASN1_STRING_length(val->d.ia5);
+
+        if (strlen(name) == name_len) {
+          switch (type) {
+          case GEN_DNS: dsn_matched = check_host_name(name, name_len); break;
+
+          case GEN_IPADD:
+            if (!memcmp(&addr6, name, addr_len) ||
+                !memcmp(&addr, name, addr_len)) {
+              ip_mached = true;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (dsn_matched || ip_mached) { ret = true; }
+  }
+
+  GENERAL_NAMES_free((STACK_OF(GENERAL_NAME) *)alt_names);
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::verify_host_with_common_name(X509 *server_cert) const {
+  const auto subject_name = X509_get_subject_name(server_cert);
+
+  if (subject_name != nullptr) {
+    char name[BUFSIZ];
+    auto name_len = X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject_name, NID_commonName,
+                                              name, sizeof(name));
+
+    if (name_len != -1) { return check_host_name(name, name_len); }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+inline bool SSLClient::check_host_name(const char *pattern,
+                                       size_t pattern_len) const {
+  if (host_.size() == pattern_len && host_ == pattern) { return true; }
+
+  // Wildcard match
+  // https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox-3.0/+bug/376484
+  std::vector<std::string> pattern_components;
+  detail::split(&pattern[0], &pattern[pattern_len], '.',
+                [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
+                  pattern_components.emplace_back(std::string(b, e));
+                });
+
+  if (host_components_.size() != pattern_components.size()) { return false; }
+
+  auto itr = pattern_components.begin();
+  for (const auto &h : host_components_) {
+    auto &p = *itr;
+    if (p != h && p != "*") {
+      auto partial_match = (p.size() > 0 && p[p.size() - 1] == '*' &&
+                            !p.compare(0, p.size() - 1, h));
+      if (!partial_match) { return false; }
+    }
+    ++itr;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+} // namespace httplib
+
+#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H