Reorganize unit test locations under tests/unittests (#1126)

This attempts to standardize unit test file location under test/unittests/
such that any source file located at cloudinit/path/to/file.py may have a
corresponding unit test file at test/unittests/path/to/test_file.py.

Noteworthy Comments:
====================
Four different duplicate test files existed:
test_{gpg,util,cc_mounts,cc_resolv_conf}.py
Each of these duplicate file pairs has been merged together. This is a
break in git history for these files.

The test suite appears to have a dependency on test order. Changing test
order causes some tests to fail. This should be rectified, but for now
some tests have been modified in
tests/unittests/config/test_set_passwords.py.

A helper class name starts with "Test" which causes pytest to try
executing it as a test case, which then throws warnings "due to Class
having __init__()".  Silence by changing the name of the class.

# helpers.py is imported in many test files, import paths change
cloudinit/tests/helpers.py -> tests/unittests/helpers.py

# Move directories:
cloudinit/distros/tests -> tests/unittests/distros
cloudinit/cmd/devel/tests -> tests/unittests/cmd/devel
cloudinit/cmd/tests -> tests/unittests/cmd/
cloudinit/sources/helpers/tests -> tests/unittests/sources/helpers
cloudinit/sources/tests -> tests/unittests/sources
cloudinit/net/tests -> tests/unittests/net
cloudinit/config/tests -> tests/unittests/config
cloudinit/analyze/tests/ -> tests/unittests/analyze/

# Standardize tests already in tests/unittests/
test_datasource -> sources
test_distros -> distros
test_vmware -> sources/vmware
test_handler -> config        # this contains cloudconfig module tests
test_runs -> runs

18 files changed, 0 insertions, 3715 deletions

diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/__init__.py b/cloudinit/tests/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29b..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/helpers.py b/cloudinit/tests/helpers.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ccd56793..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/helpers.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,507 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-import functools
-import httpretty
-import io
-import logging
-import os
-import random
-import shutil
-import string
-import sys
-import tempfile
-import time
-import unittest
-from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
-from unittest import mock
-from unittest.util import strclass
-
-from cloudinit.config.schema import (
-    SchemaValidationError, validate_cloudconfig_schema)
-from cloudinit import cloud
-from cloudinit import distros
-from cloudinit import helpers as ch
-from cloudinit.sources import DataSourceNone
-from cloudinit.templater import JINJA_AVAILABLE
-from cloudinit import subp
-from cloudinit import util
-
-_real_subp = subp.subp
-
-# Used for skipping tests
-SkipTest = unittest.SkipTest
-skipIf = unittest.skipIf
-
-
-# Makes the old path start
-# with new base instead of whatever
-# it previously had
-def rebase_path(old_path, new_base):
-    if old_path.startswith(new_base):
-        # Already handled...
-        return old_path
-    # Retarget the base of that path
-    # to the new base instead of the
-    # old one...
-    path = os.path.join(new_base, old_path.lstrip("/"))
-    path = os.path.abspath(path)
-    return path
-
-
-# Can work on anything that takes a path as arguments
-def retarget_many_wrapper(new_base, am, old_func):
-    def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
-        n_args = list(args)
-        nam = am
-        if am == -1:
-            nam = len(n_args)
-        for i in range(0, nam):
-            path = args[i]
-            # patchOS() wraps various os and os.path functions, however in
-            # Python 3 some of these now accept file-descriptors (integers).
-            # That breaks rebase_path() so in lieu of a better solution, just
-            # don't rebase if we get a fd.
-            if isinstance(path, str):
-                n_args[i] = rebase_path(path, new_base)
-        return old_func(*n_args, **kwds)
-    return wrapper
-
-
-class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    def reset_global_state(self):
-        """Reset any global state to its original settings.
-
-        cloudinit caches some values in cloudinit.util.  Unit tests that
-        involved those cached paths were then subject to failure if the order
-        of invocation changed (LP: #1703697).
-
-        This function resets any of these global state variables to their
-        initial state.
-
-        In the future this should really be done with some registry that
-        can then be cleaned in a more obvious way.
-        """
-        util.PROC_CMDLINE = None
-        util._DNS_REDIRECT_IP = None
-        util._LSB_RELEASE = {}
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestCase, self).setUp()
-        self.reset_global_state()
-
-    def shortDescription(self):
-        return strclass(self.__class__) + '.' + self._testMethodName
-
-    def add_patch(self, target, attr, *args, **kwargs):
-        """Patches specified target object and sets it as attr on test
-        instance also schedules cleanup"""
-        if 'autospec' not in kwargs:
-            kwargs['autospec'] = True
-        m = mock.patch(target, *args, **kwargs)
-        p = m.start()
-        self.addCleanup(m.stop)
-        setattr(self, attr, p)
-
-
-class CiTestCase(TestCase):
-    """This is the preferred test case base class unless user
-       needs other test case classes below."""
-
-    # Subclass overrides for specific test behavior
-    # Whether or not a unit test needs logfile setup
-    with_logs = False
-    allowed_subp = False
-    SUBP_SHELL_TRUE = "shell=true"
-
-    @contextmanager
-    def allow_subp(self, allowed_subp):
-        orig = self.allowed_subp
-        try:
-            self.allowed_subp = allowed_subp
-            yield
-        finally:
-            self.allowed_subp = orig
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(CiTestCase, self).setUp()
-        if self.with_logs:
-            # Create a log handler so unit tests can search expected logs.
-            self.logger = logging.getLogger()
-            self.logs = io.StringIO()
-            formatter = logging.Formatter('%(levelname)s: %(message)s')
-            handler = logging.StreamHandler(self.logs)
-            handler.setFormatter(formatter)
-            self.old_handlers = self.logger.handlers
-            self.logger.handlers = [handler]
-        if self.allowed_subp is True:
-            subp.subp = _real_subp
-        else:
-            subp.subp = self._fake_subp
-
-    def _fake_subp(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        if 'args' in kwargs:
-            cmd = kwargs['args']
-        else:
-            if not args:
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "subp() missing 1 required positional argument: 'args'")
-            cmd = args[0]
-
-        if not isinstance(cmd, str):
-            cmd = cmd[0]
-        pass_through = False
-        if not isinstance(self.allowed_subp, (list, bool)):
-            raise TypeError("self.allowed_subp supports list or bool.")
-        if isinstance(self.allowed_subp, bool):
-            pass_through = self.allowed_subp
-        else:
-            pass_through = (
-                (cmd in self.allowed_subp) or
-                (self.SUBP_SHELL_TRUE in self.allowed_subp and
-                 kwargs.get('shell')))
-        if pass_through:
-            return _real_subp(*args, **kwargs)
-        raise Exception(
-            "called subp. set self.allowed_subp=True to allow\n subp(%s)" %
-            ', '.join([str(repr(a)) for a in args] +
-                      ["%s=%s" % (k, repr(v)) for k, v in kwargs.items()]))
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        if self.with_logs:
-            # Remove the handler we setup
-            logging.getLogger().handlers = self.old_handlers
-            logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
-        subp.subp = _real_subp
-        super(CiTestCase, self).tearDown()
-
-    def tmp_dir(self, dir=None, cleanup=True):
-        # return a full path to a temporary directory that will be cleaned up.
-        if dir is None:
-            tmpd = tempfile.mkdtemp(
-                prefix="ci-%s." % self.__class__.__name__)
-        else:
-            tmpd = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=dir)
-        self.addCleanup(
-            functools.partial(shutil.rmtree, tmpd, ignore_errors=True))
-        return tmpd
-
-    def tmp_path(self, path, dir=None):
-        # return an absolute path to 'path' under dir.
-        # if dir is None, one will be created with tmp_dir()
-        # the file is not created or modified.
-        if dir is None:
-            dir = self.tmp_dir()
-        return os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dir, path)))
-
-    def tmp_cloud(self, distro, sys_cfg=None, metadata=None):
-        """Create a cloud with tmp working directory paths.
-
-        @param distro: Name of the distro to attach to the cloud.
-        @param metadata: Optional metadata to set on the datasource.
-
-        @return: The built cloud instance.
-        """
-        self.new_root = self.tmp_dir()
-        if not sys_cfg:
-            sys_cfg = {}
-        tmp_paths = {}
-        for var in ['templates_dir', 'run_dir', 'cloud_dir']:
-            tmp_paths[var] = self.tmp_path(var, dir=self.new_root)
-            util.ensure_dir(tmp_paths[var])
-        self.paths = ch.Paths(tmp_paths)
-        cls = distros.fetch(distro)
-        mydist = cls(distro, sys_cfg, self.paths)
-        myds = DataSourceNone.DataSourceNone(sys_cfg, mydist, self.paths)
-        if metadata:
-            myds.metadata.update(metadata)
-        return cloud.Cloud(myds, self.paths, sys_cfg, mydist, None)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def random_string(cls, length=8):
-        """ return a random lowercase string with default length of 8"""
-        return ''.join(
-            random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for _ in range(length))
-
-
-class ResourceUsingTestCase(CiTestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(ResourceUsingTestCase, self).setUp()
-        self.resource_path = None
-
-    def getCloudPaths(self, ds=None):
-        tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-        self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, tmpdir)
-        cp = ch.Paths({'cloud_dir': tmpdir,
-                       'templates_dir': resourceLocation()},
-                      ds=ds)
-        return cp
-
-
-class FilesystemMockingTestCase(ResourceUsingTestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(FilesystemMockingTestCase, self).setUp()
-        self.patched_funcs = ExitStack()
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.patched_funcs.close()
-        ResourceUsingTestCase.tearDown(self)
-
-    def replicateTestRoot(self, example_root, target_root):
-        real_root = resourceLocation()
-        real_root = os.path.join(real_root, 'roots', example_root)
-        for (dir_path, _dirnames, filenames) in os.walk(real_root):
-            real_path = dir_path
-            make_path = rebase_path(real_path[len(real_root):], target_root)
-            util.ensure_dir(make_path)
-            for f in filenames:
-                real_path = util.abs_join(real_path, f)
-                make_path = util.abs_join(make_path, f)
-                shutil.copy(real_path, make_path)
-
-    def patchUtils(self, new_root):
-        patch_funcs = {
-            util: [('write_file', 1),
-                   ('append_file', 1),
-                   ('load_file', 1),
-                   ('ensure_dir', 1),
-                   ('chmod', 1),
-                   ('delete_dir_contents', 1),
-                   ('del_file', 1),
-                   ('sym_link', -1),
-                   ('copy', -1)],
-        }
-        for (mod, funcs) in patch_funcs.items():
-            for (f, am) in funcs:
-                func = getattr(mod, f)
-                trap_func = retarget_many_wrapper(new_root, am, func)
-                self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-                    mock.patch.object(mod, f, trap_func))
-
-        # Handle subprocess calls
-        func = getattr(subp, 'subp')
-
-        def nsubp(*_args, **_kwargs):
-            return ('', '')
-
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch.object(subp, 'subp', nsubp))
-
-        def null_func(*_args, **_kwargs):
-            return None
-
-        for f in ['chownbyid', 'chownbyname']:
-            self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-                mock.patch.object(util, f, null_func))
-
-    def patchOS(self, new_root):
-        patch_funcs = {
-            os.path: [('isfile', 1), ('exists', 1),
-                      ('islink', 1), ('isdir', 1), ('lexists', 1)],
-            os: [('listdir', 1), ('mkdir', 1),
-                 ('lstat', 1), ('symlink', 2),
-                 ('stat', 1)]
-        }
-
-        if hasattr(os, 'scandir'):
-            # py27 does not have scandir
-            patch_funcs[os].append(('scandir', 1))
-
-        for (mod, funcs) in patch_funcs.items():
-            for f, nargs in funcs:
-                func = getattr(mod, f)
-                trap_func = retarget_many_wrapper(new_root, nargs, func)
-                self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-                    mock.patch.object(mod, f, trap_func))
-
-    def patchOpen(self, new_root):
-        trap_func = retarget_many_wrapper(new_root, 1, open)
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch('builtins.open', trap_func)
-        )
-
-    def patchStdoutAndStderr(self, stdout=None, stderr=None):
-        if stdout is not None:
-            self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-                mock.patch.object(sys, 'stdout', stdout))
-        if stderr is not None:
-            self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-                mock.patch.object(sys, 'stderr', stderr))
-
-    def reRoot(self, root=None):
-        if root is None:
-            root = self.tmp_dir()
-        self.patchUtils(root)
-        self.patchOS(root)
-        self.patchOpen(root)
-        return root
-
-    @contextmanager
-    def reRooted(self, root=None):
-        try:
-            yield self.reRoot(root)
-        finally:
-            self.patched_funcs.close()
-
-
-class HttprettyTestCase(CiTestCase):
-    # necessary as http_proxy gets in the way of httpretty
-    # https://github.com/gabrielfalcao/HTTPretty/issues/122
-    # Also make sure that allow_net_connect is set to False.
-    # And make sure reset and enable/disable are done.
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.restore_proxy = os.environ.get('http_proxy')
-        if self.restore_proxy is not None:
-            del os.environ['http_proxy']
-        super(HttprettyTestCase, self).setUp()
-        httpretty.HTTPretty.allow_net_connect = False
-        httpretty.reset()
-        httpretty.enable()
-        # Stop the logging from HttpPretty so our logs don't get mixed
-        # up with its logs
-        logging.getLogger('httpretty.core').setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        httpretty.disable()
-        httpretty.reset()
-        if self.restore_proxy:
-            os.environ['http_proxy'] = self.restore_proxy
-        super(HttprettyTestCase, self).tearDown()
-
-
-class SchemaTestCaseMixin(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    def assertSchemaValid(self, cfg, msg="Valid Schema failed validation."):
-        """Assert the config is valid per self.schema.
-
-        If there is only one top level key in the schema properties, then
-        the cfg will be put under that key."""
-        props = list(self.schema.get('properties'))
-        # put cfg under top level key if there is only one in the schema
-        if len(props) == 1:
-            cfg = {props[0]: cfg}
-        try:
-            validate_cloudconfig_schema(cfg, self.schema, strict=True)
-        except SchemaValidationError:
-            self.fail(msg)
-
-
-def populate_dir(path, files):
-    if not os.path.exists(path):
-        os.makedirs(path)
-    ret = []
-    for (name, content) in files.items():
-        p = os.path.sep.join([path, name])
-        util.ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(p))
-        with open(p, "wb") as fp:
-            if isinstance(content, bytes):
-                fp.write(content)
-            else:
-                fp.write(content.encode('utf-8'))
-            fp.close()
-        ret.append(p)
-
-    return ret
-
-
-def populate_dir_with_ts(path, data):
-    """data is {'file': ('contents', mtime)}.  mtime relative to now."""
-    populate_dir(path, dict((k, v[0]) for k, v in data.items()))
-    btime = time.time()
-    for fpath, (_contents, mtime) in data.items():
-        ts = btime + mtime if mtime else btime
-        os.utime(os.path.sep.join((path, fpath)), (ts, ts))
-
-
-def dir2dict(startdir, prefix=None):
-    flist = {}
-    if prefix is None:
-        prefix = startdir
-    for root, _dirs, files in os.walk(startdir):
-        for fname in files:
-            fpath = os.path.join(root, fname)
-            key = fpath[len(prefix):]
-            flist[key] = util.load_file(fpath)
-    return flist
-
-
-def wrap_and_call(prefix, mocks, func, *args, **kwargs):
-    """
-    call func(args, **kwargs) with mocks applied, then unapplies mocks
-    nicer to read than repeating dectorators on each function
-
-    prefix: prefix for mock names (e.g. 'cloudinit.stages.util') or None
-    mocks: dictionary of names (under 'prefix') to mock and either
-        a return value or a dictionary to pass to the mock.patch call
-    func: function to call with mocks applied
-    *args,**kwargs: arguments for 'func'
-
-    return_value: return from 'func'
-    """
-    delim = '.'
-    if prefix is None:
-        prefix = ''
-    prefix = prefix.rstrip(delim)
-    unwraps = []
-    for fname, kw in mocks.items():
-        if prefix:
-            fname = delim.join((prefix, fname))
-        if not isinstance(kw, dict):
-            kw = {'return_value': kw}
-        p = mock.patch(fname, **kw)
-        p.start()
-        unwraps.append(p)
-    try:
-        return func(*args, **kwargs)
-    finally:
-        for p in unwraps:
-            p.stop()
-
-
-def resourceLocation(subname=None):
-    path = os.path.join('tests', 'data')
-    if not subname:
-        return path
-    return os.path.join(path, subname)
-
-
-def readResource(name, mode='r'):
-    with open(resourceLocation(name), mode) as fh:
-        return fh.read()
-
-
-try:
-    import jsonschema
-    assert jsonschema  # avoid pyflakes error F401: import unused
-    _missing_jsonschema_dep = False
-except ImportError:
-    _missing_jsonschema_dep = True
-
-
-def skipUnlessJsonSchema():
-    return skipIf(
-        _missing_jsonschema_dep, "No python-jsonschema dependency present.")
-
-
-def skipUnlessJinja():
-    return skipIf(not JINJA_AVAILABLE, "No jinja dependency present.")
-
-
-def skipIfJinja():
-    return skipIf(JINJA_AVAILABLE, "Jinja dependency present.")
-
-
-# older versions of mock do not have the useful 'assert_not_called'
-if not hasattr(mock.Mock, 'assert_not_called'):
-    def __mock_assert_not_called(mmock):
-        if mmock.call_count != 0:
-            msg = ("[citest] Expected '%s' to not have been called. "
-                   "Called %s times." %
-                   (mmock._mock_name or 'mock', mmock.call_count))
-            raise AssertionError(msg)
-    mock.Mock.assert_not_called = __mock_assert_not_called
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_conftest.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_conftest.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 6f1263a5..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_conftest.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-import pytest
-
-from cloudinit import subp
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase
-
-
-class TestDisableSubpUsage:
-    """Test that the disable_subp_usage fixture behaves as expected."""
-
-    def test_using_subp_raises_assertion_error(self):
-        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
-            subp.subp(["some", "args"])
-
-    def test_typeerrors_on_incorrect_usage(self):
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            # We are intentionally passing no value for a parameter, so:
-            #  pylint: disable=no-value-for-parameter
-            subp.subp()
-
-    @pytest.mark.allow_all_subp
-    def test_subp_usage_can_be_reenabled(self):
-        subp.subp(['whoami'])
-
-    @pytest.mark.allow_subp_for("whoami")
-    def test_subp_usage_can_be_conditionally_reenabled(self):
-        # The two parameters test each potential invocation with a single
-        # argument
-        with pytest.raises(AssertionError) as excinfo:
-            subp.subp(["some", "args"])
-        assert "allowed: whoami" in str(excinfo.value)
-        subp.subp(['whoami'])
-
-    @pytest.mark.allow_subp_for("whoami", "bash")
-    def test_subp_usage_can_be_conditionally_reenabled_for_multiple_cmds(self):
-        with pytest.raises(AssertionError) as excinfo:
-            subp.subp(["some", "args"])
-        assert "allowed: whoami,bash" in str(excinfo.value)
-        subp.subp(['bash', '-c', 'true'])
-        subp.subp(['whoami'])
-
-    @pytest.mark.allow_all_subp
-    @pytest.mark.allow_subp_for("bash")
-    def test_both_marks_raise_an_error(self):
-        with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="marked both"):
-            subp.subp(["bash"])
-
-
-class TestDisableSubpUsageInTestSubclass(CiTestCase):
-    """Test that disable_subp_usage doesn't impact CiTestCase's subp logic."""
-
-    def test_using_subp_raises_exception(self):
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):
-            subp.subp(["some", "args"])
-
-    def test_typeerrors_on_incorrect_usage(self):
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            subp.subp()
-
-    def test_subp_usage_can_be_reenabled(self):
-        _old_allowed_subp = self.allow_subp
-        self.allowed_subp = True
-        try:
-            subp.subp(['bash', '-c', 'true'])
-        finally:
-            self.allowed_subp = _old_allowed_subp
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_dhclient_hook.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_dhclient_hook.py
deleted file mode 100644
index eadae81c..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_dhclient_hook.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests for cloudinit.dhclient_hook."""
-
-from cloudinit import dhclient_hook as dhc
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, dir2dict, populate_dir
-
-import argparse
-import json
-import os
-from unittest import mock
-
-
-class TestDhclientHook(CiTestCase):
-
-    ex_env = {
-        'interface': 'eth0',
-        'new_dhcp_lease_time': '3600',
-        'new_host_name': 'x1',
-        'new_ip_address': '10.145.210.163',
-        'new_subnet_mask': '255.255.255.0',
-        'old_host_name': 'x1',
-        'PATH': '/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin',
-        'pid': '614',
-        'reason': 'BOUND',
-    }
-
-    # some older versions of dhclient put the same content,
-    # but in upper case with DHCP4_ instead of new_
-    ex_env_dhcp4 = {
-        'REASON': 'BOUND',
-        'DHCP4_dhcp_lease_time': '3600',
-        'DHCP4_host_name': 'x1',
-        'DHCP4_ip_address': '10.145.210.163',
-        'DHCP4_subnet_mask': '255.255.255.0',
-        'INTERFACE': 'eth0',
-        'PATH': '/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin',
-        'pid': '614',
-    }
-
-    expected = {
-        'dhcp_lease_time': '3600',
-        'host_name': 'x1',
-        'ip_address': '10.145.210.163',
-        'subnet_mask': '255.255.255.0'}
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestDhclientHook, self).setUp()
-        self.tmp = self.tmp_dir()
-
-    def test_handle_args(self):
-        """quick test of call to handle_args."""
-        nic = 'eth0'
-        args = argparse.Namespace(event=dhc.UP, interface=nic)
-        with mock.patch.dict("os.environ", clear=True, values=self.ex_env):
-            dhc.handle_args(dhc.NAME, args, data_d=self.tmp)
-        found = dir2dict(self.tmp + os.path.sep)
-        self.assertEqual([nic + ".json"], list(found.keys()))
-        self.assertEqual(self.expected, json.loads(found[nic + ".json"]))
-
-    def test_run_hook_up_creates_dir(self):
-        """If dir does not exist, run_hook should create it."""
-        subd = self.tmp_path("subdir", self.tmp)
-        nic = 'eth1'
-        dhc.run_hook(nic, 'up', data_d=subd, env=self.ex_env)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            set([nic + ".json"]), set(dir2dict(subd + os.path.sep)))
-
-    def test_run_hook_up(self):
-        """Test expected use of run_hook_up."""
-        nic = 'eth0'
-        dhc.run_hook(nic, 'up', data_d=self.tmp, env=self.ex_env)
-        found = dir2dict(self.tmp + os.path.sep)
-        self.assertEqual([nic + ".json"], list(found.keys()))
-        self.assertEqual(self.expected, json.loads(found[nic + ".json"]))
-
-    def test_run_hook_up_dhcp4_prefix(self):
-        """Test run_hook filters correctly with older DHCP4_ data."""
-        nic = 'eth0'
-        dhc.run_hook(nic, 'up', data_d=self.tmp, env=self.ex_env_dhcp4)
-        found = dir2dict(self.tmp + os.path.sep)
-        self.assertEqual([nic + ".json"], list(found.keys()))
-        self.assertEqual(self.expected, json.loads(found[nic + ".json"]))
-
-    def test_run_hook_down_deletes(self):
-        """down should delete the created json file."""
-        nic = 'eth1'
-        populate_dir(
-            self.tmp, {nic + ".json": "{'abcd'}", 'myfile.txt': 'text'})
-        dhc.run_hook(nic, 'down', data_d=self.tmp, env={'old_host_name': 'x1'})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            set(['myfile.txt']),
-            set(dir2dict(self.tmp + os.path.sep)))
-
-    def test_get_parser(self):
-        """Smoke test creation of get_parser."""
-        # cloud-init main uses 'action'.
-        event, interface = (dhc.UP, 'mynic0')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            argparse.Namespace(event=event, interface=interface,
-                               action=(dhc.NAME, dhc.handle_args)),
-            dhc.get_parser().parse_args([event, interface]))
-
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_dmi.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_dmi.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 78a72122..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_dmi.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-from cloudinit.tests import helpers
-from cloudinit import dmi
-from cloudinit import util
-from cloudinit import subp
-
-import os
-import tempfile
-import shutil
-from unittest import mock
-
-
-class TestReadDMIData(helpers.FilesystemMockingTestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestReadDMIData, self).setUp()
-        self.new_root = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-        self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.new_root)
-        self.reRoot(self.new_root)
-        p = mock.patch("cloudinit.dmi.is_container", return_value=False)
-        self.addCleanup(p.stop)
-        self._m_is_container = p.start()
-        p = mock.patch("cloudinit.dmi.is_FreeBSD", return_value=False)
-        self.addCleanup(p.stop)
-        self._m_is_FreeBSD = p.start()
-
-    def _create_sysfs_parent_directory(self):
-        util.ensure_dir(os.path.join('sys', 'class', 'dmi', 'id'))
-
-    def _create_sysfs_file(self, key, content):
-        """Mocks the sys path found on Linux systems."""
-        self._create_sysfs_parent_directory()
-        dmi_key = "/sys/class/dmi/id/{0}".format(key)
-        util.write_file(dmi_key, content)
-
-    def _configure_dmidecode_return(self, key, content, error=None):
-        """
-        In order to test a missing sys path and call outs to dmidecode, this
-        function fakes the results of dmidecode to test the results.
-        """
-        def _dmidecode_subp(cmd):
-            if cmd[-1] != key:
-                raise subp.ProcessExecutionError()
-            return (content, error)
-
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch("cloudinit.dmi.subp.which", side_effect=lambda _: True))
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch("cloudinit.dmi.subp.subp", side_effect=_dmidecode_subp))
-
-    def _configure_kenv_return(self, key, content, error=None):
-        """
-        In order to test a FreeBSD system call outs to kenv, this
-        function fakes the results of kenv to test the results.
-        """
-        def _kenv_subp(cmd):
-            if cmd[-1] != dmi.DMIDECODE_TO_KERNEL[key].freebsd:
-                raise subp.ProcessExecutionError()
-            return (content, error)
-
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch("cloudinit.dmi.subp.subp", side_effect=_kenv_subp))
-
-    def patch_mapping(self, new_mapping):
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch('cloudinit.dmi.DMIDECODE_TO_KERNEL',
-                       new_mapping))
-
-    def test_sysfs_used_with_key_in_mapping_and_file_on_disk(self):
-        self.patch_mapping({'mapped-key': dmi.kdmi('mapped-value', None)})
-        expected_dmi_value = 'sys-used-correctly'
-        self._create_sysfs_file('mapped-value', expected_dmi_value)
-        self._configure_dmidecode_return('mapped-key', 'wrong-wrong-wrong')
-        self.assertEqual(expected_dmi_value, dmi.read_dmi_data('mapped-key'))
-
-    def test_dmidecode_used_if_no_sysfs_file_on_disk(self):
-        self.patch_mapping({})
-        self._create_sysfs_parent_directory()
-        expected_dmi_value = 'dmidecode-used'
-        self._configure_dmidecode_return('use-dmidecode', expected_dmi_value)
-        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.os.uname") as m_uname:
-            m_uname.return_value = ('x-sysname', 'x-nodename',
-                                    'x-release', 'x-version', 'x86_64')
-            self.assertEqual(expected_dmi_value,
-                             dmi.read_dmi_data('use-dmidecode'))
-
-    def test_dmidecode_not_used_on_arm(self):
-        self.patch_mapping({})
-        print("current =%s", subp)
-        self._create_sysfs_parent_directory()
-        dmi_val = 'from-dmidecode'
-        dmi_name = 'use-dmidecode'
-        self._configure_dmidecode_return(dmi_name, dmi_val)
-        print("now =%s", subp)
-
-        expected = {'armel': None, 'aarch64': dmi_val, 'x86_64': dmi_val}
-        found = {}
-        # we do not run the 'dmi-decode' binary on some arches
-        # verify that anything requested that is not in the sysfs dir
-        # will return None on those arches.
-        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.os.uname") as m_uname:
-            for arch in expected:
-                m_uname.return_value = ('x-sysname', 'x-nodename',
-                                        'x-release', 'x-version', arch)
-                print("now2 =%s", subp)
-                found[arch] = dmi.read_dmi_data(dmi_name)
-        self.assertEqual(expected, found)
-
-    def test_none_returned_if_neither_source_has_data(self):
-        self.patch_mapping({})
-        self._configure_dmidecode_return('key', 'value')
-        self.assertIsNone(dmi.read_dmi_data('expect-fail'))
-
-    def test_none_returned_if_dmidecode_not_in_path(self):
-        self.patched_funcs.enter_context(
-            mock.patch.object(subp, 'which', lambda _: False))
-        self.patch_mapping({})
-        self.assertIsNone(dmi.read_dmi_data('expect-fail'))
-
-    def test_empty_string_returned_instead_of_foxfox(self):
-        # uninitialized dmi values show as \xff, return empty string
-        my_len = 32
-        dmi_value = b'\xff' * my_len + b'\n'
-        expected = ""
-        dmi_key = 'system-product-name'
-        sysfs_key = 'product_name'
-        self._create_sysfs_file(sysfs_key, dmi_value)
-        self.assertEqual(expected, dmi.read_dmi_data(dmi_key))
-
-    def test_container_returns_none(self):
-        """In a container read_dmi_data should always return None."""
-
-        # first verify we get the value if not in container
-        self._m_is_container.return_value = False
-        key, val = ("system-product-name", "my_product")
-        self._create_sysfs_file('product_name', val)
-        self.assertEqual(val, dmi.read_dmi_data(key))
-
-        # then verify in container returns None
-        self._m_is_container.return_value = True
-        self.assertIsNone(dmi.read_dmi_data(key))
-
-    def test_container_returns_none_on_unknown(self):
-        """In a container even bogus keys return None."""
-        self._m_is_container.return_value = True
-        self._create_sysfs_file('product_name', "should-be-ignored")
-        self.assertIsNone(dmi.read_dmi_data("bogus"))
-        self.assertIsNone(dmi.read_dmi_data("system-product-name"))
-
-    def test_freebsd_uses_kenv(self):
-        """On a FreeBSD system, kenv is called."""
-        self._m_is_FreeBSD.return_value = True
-        key, val = ("system-product-name", "my_product")
-        self._configure_kenv_return(key, val)
-        self.assertEqual(dmi.read_dmi_data(key), val)
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_event.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_event.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 3da4c70c..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_event.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-"""Tests related to cloudinit.event module."""
-from cloudinit.event import EventType, EventScope, userdata_to_events
-
-
-class TestEvent:
-    def test_userdata_to_events(self):
-        userdata = {'network': {'when': ['boot']}}
-        expected = {EventScope.NETWORK: {EventType.BOOT}}
-        assert expected == userdata_to_events(userdata)
-
-    def test_invalid_scope(self, caplog):
-        userdata = {'networkasdfasdf': {'when': ['boot']}}
-        userdata_to_events(userdata)
-        assert (
-            "'networkasdfasdf' is not a valid EventScope! Update data "
-            "will be ignored for 'networkasdfasdf' scope"
-        ) in caplog.text
-
-    def test_invalid_event(self, caplog):
-        userdata = {'network': {'when': ['bootasdfasdf']}}
-        userdata_to_events(userdata)
-        assert (
-            "'bootasdfasdf' is not a valid EventType! Update data "
-            "will be ignored for 'network' scope"
-        ) in caplog.text
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_features.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_features.py
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a7226d..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_features.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-# pylint: disable=no-member,no-name-in-module
-"""
-This file is for testing the feature flag functionality itself,
-NOT for testing any individual feature flag
-"""
-import pytest
-import sys
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import cloudinit
-
-
-@pytest.yield_fixture()
-def create_override(request):
-    """
-    Create a feature overrides file and do some module wizardry to make
-    it seem like we're importing the features file for the first time.
-
-    After creating the override file with the values passed by the test,
-    we need to reload cloudinit.features
-    to get all of the current features (including the overridden ones).
-    Once the test is complete, we remove the file we created and set
-    features and feature_overrides modules to how they were before
-    the test started
-    """
-    override_path = Path(cloudinit.__file__).parent / 'feature_overrides.py'
-    if override_path.exists():
-        raise Exception("feature_overrides.py unexpectedly exists! "
-                        "Remove it to run this test.")
-    with override_path.open('w') as f:
-        for key, value in request.param.items():
-            f.write('{} = {}\n'.format(key, value))
-
-    sys.modules.pop('cloudinit.features', None)
-
-    yield
-
-    override_path.unlink()
-    sys.modules.pop('cloudinit.feature_overrides', None)
-
-
-class TestFeatures:
-    def test_feature_without_override(self):
-        from cloudinit.features import ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE
-        assert ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE is True
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('create_override',
-                             [{'ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE': False}],
-                             indirect=True)
-    def test_feature_with_override(self, create_override):
-        from cloudinit.features import ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE
-        assert ERROR_ON_USER_DATA_FAILURE is False
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('create_override',
-                             [{'SPAM': True}],
-                             indirect=True)
-    def test_feature_only_in_override(self, create_override):
-        from cloudinit.features import SPAM
-        assert SPAM is True
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_gpg.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_gpg.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 311dfad6..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_gpg.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-"""Test gpg module."""
-
-from unittest import mock
-
-from cloudinit import gpg
-from cloudinit import subp
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase
-
-
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.gpg.time.sleep")
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.gpg.subp.subp")
-class TestReceiveKeys(CiTestCase):
-    """Test the recv_key method."""
-
-    def test_retries_on_subp_exc(self, m_subp, m_sleep):
-        """retry should be done on gpg receive keys failure."""
-        retries = (1, 2, 4)
-        my_exc = subp.ProcessExecutionError(
-            stdout='', stderr='', exit_code=2, cmd=['mycmd'])
-        m_subp.side_effect = (my_exc, my_exc, ('', ''))
-        gpg.recv_key("ABCD", "keyserver.example.com", retries=retries)
-        self.assertEqual([mock.call(1), mock.call(2)], m_sleep.call_args_list)
-
-    def test_raises_error_after_retries(self, m_subp, m_sleep):
-        """If the final run fails, error should be raised."""
-        naplen = 1
-        keyid, keyserver = ("ABCD", "keyserver.example.com")
-        m_subp.side_effect = subp.ProcessExecutionError(
-            stdout='', stderr='', exit_code=2, cmd=['mycmd'])
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as rcm:
-            gpg.recv_key(keyid, keyserver, retries=(naplen,))
-        self.assertIn(keyid, str(rcm.exception))
-        self.assertIn(keyserver, str(rcm.exception))
-        m_sleep.assert_called_with(naplen)
-
-    def test_no_retries_on_none(self, m_subp, m_sleep):
-        """retry should not be done if retries is None."""
-        m_subp.side_effect = subp.ProcessExecutionError(
-            stdout='', stderr='', exit_code=2, cmd=['mycmd'])
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            gpg.recv_key("ABCD", "keyserver.example.com", retries=None)
-        m_sleep.assert_not_called()
-
-    def test_expected_gpg_command(self, m_subp, m_sleep):
-        """Verify gpg is called with expected args."""
-        key, keyserver = ("DEADBEEF", "keyserver.example.com")
-        retries = (1, 2, 4)
-        m_subp.return_value = ('', '')
-        gpg.recv_key(key, keyserver, retries=retries)
-        m_subp.assert_called_once_with(
-            ['gpg', '--no-tty',
-             '--keyserver=%s' % keyserver, '--recv-keys', key],
-            capture=True)
-        m_sleep.assert_not_called()
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_netinfo.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_netinfo.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e44b16d8..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_netinfo.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests netinfo module functions and classes."""
-
-from copy import copy
-
-from cloudinit.netinfo import netdev_info, netdev_pformat, route_pformat
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, mock, readResource
-
-
-# Example ifconfig and route output
-SAMPLE_OLD_IFCONFIG_OUT = readResource("netinfo/old-ifconfig-output")
-SAMPLE_NEW_IFCONFIG_OUT = readResource("netinfo/new-ifconfig-output")
-SAMPLE_FREEBSD_IFCONFIG_OUT = readResource("netinfo/freebsd-ifconfig-output")
-SAMPLE_IPADDRSHOW_OUT = readResource("netinfo/sample-ipaddrshow-output")
-SAMPLE_ROUTE_OUT_V4 = readResource("netinfo/sample-route-output-v4")
-SAMPLE_ROUTE_OUT_V6 = readResource("netinfo/sample-route-output-v6")
-SAMPLE_IPROUTE_OUT_V4 = readResource("netinfo/sample-iproute-output-v4")
-SAMPLE_IPROUTE_OUT_V6 = readResource("netinfo/sample-iproute-output-v6")
-NETDEV_FORMATTED_OUT = readResource("netinfo/netdev-formatted-output")
-ROUTE_FORMATTED_OUT = readResource("netinfo/route-formatted-output")
-FREEBSD_NETDEV_OUT = readResource("netinfo/freebsd-netdev-formatted-output")
-
-
-class TestNetInfo(CiTestCase):
-
-    maxDiff = None
-    with_logs = True
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_old_nettools_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """netdev_pformat properly rendering old nettools info."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (SAMPLE_OLD_IFCONFIG_OUT, '')
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ifconfig' else None
-        content = netdev_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual(NETDEV_FORMATTED_OUT, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_new_nettools_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """netdev_pformat properly rendering netdev new nettools info."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (SAMPLE_NEW_IFCONFIG_OUT, '')
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ifconfig' else None
-        content = netdev_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual(NETDEV_FORMATTED_OUT, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_freebsd_nettools_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """netdev_pformat properly rendering netdev new nettools info."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (SAMPLE_FREEBSD_IFCONFIG_OUT, '')
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ifconfig' else None
-        content = netdev_pformat()
-        print()
-        print(content)
-        print()
-        self.assertEqual(FREEBSD_NETDEV_OUT, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_iproute_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """netdev_pformat properly rendering ip route info."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (SAMPLE_IPADDRSHOW_OUT, '')
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ip' else None
-        content = netdev_pformat()
-        new_output = copy(NETDEV_FORMATTED_OUT)
-        # ip route show describes global scopes on ipv4 addresses
-        # whereas ifconfig does not. Add proper global/host scope to output.
-        new_output = new_output.replace('|   .    | 50:7b', '| global | 50:7b')
-        new_output = new_output.replace(
-            '255.0.0.0   |   .    |', '255.0.0.0   |  host  |')
-        self.assertEqual(new_output, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_warn_on_missing_commands(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """netdev_pformat warns when missing both ip and 'netstat'."""
-        m_which.return_value = None  # Niether ip nor netstat found
-        content = netdev_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual('\n', content)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            "WARNING: Could not print networks: missing 'ip' and 'ifconfig'"
-            " commands\n",
-            self.logs.getvalue())
-        m_subp.assert_not_called()
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_info_nettools_down(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """test netdev_info using nettools and down interfaces."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (
-            readResource("netinfo/new-ifconfig-output-down"), "")
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ifconfig' else None
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {'eth0': {'ipv4': [], 'ipv6': [],
-                      'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:de:51:a6', 'up': False},
-             'lo': {'ipv4': [{'ip': '127.0.0.1', 'mask': '255.0.0.0'}],
-                    'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
-                    'hwaddr': '.', 'up': True}},
-            netdev_info("."))
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_netdev_info_iproute_down(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """Test netdev_info with ip and down interfaces."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (
-            readResource("netinfo/sample-ipaddrshow-output-down"), "")
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ip' else None
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {'lo': {'ipv4': [{'ip': '127.0.0.1', 'bcast': '.',
-                              'mask': '255.0.0.0', 'scope': 'host'}],
-                    'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
-                    'hwaddr': '.', 'up': True},
-             'eth0': {'ipv4': [], 'ipv6': [],
-                      'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:de:51:a6', 'up': False}},
-            netdev_info("."))
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.netdev_info')
-    def test_netdev_pformat_with_down(self, m_netdev_info):
-        """test netdev_pformat when netdev_info returns 'down' interfaces."""
-        m_netdev_info.return_value = (
-            {'lo': {'ipv4': [{'ip': '127.0.0.1', 'mask': '255.0.0.0',
-                              'scope': 'host'}],
-                    'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
-                    'hwaddr': '.', 'up': True},
-             'eth0': {'ipv4': [], 'ipv6': [],
-                      'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:de:51:a6', 'up': False}})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            readResource("netinfo/netdev-formatted-output-down"),
-            netdev_pformat())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_route_nettools_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """route_pformat properly rendering nettools route info."""
-
-        def subp_netstat_route_selector(*args, **kwargs):
-            if args[0] == ['netstat', '--route', '--numeric', '--extend']:
-                return (SAMPLE_ROUTE_OUT_V4, '')
-            if args[0] == ['netstat', '-A', 'inet6', '--route', '--numeric']:
-                return (SAMPLE_ROUTE_OUT_V6, '')
-            raise Exception('Unexpected subp call %s' % args[0])
-
-        m_subp.side_effect = subp_netstat_route_selector
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'netstat' else None
-        content = route_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual(ROUTE_FORMATTED_OUT, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_route_iproute_pformat(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """route_pformat properly rendering ip route info."""
-
-        def subp_iproute_selector(*args, **kwargs):
-            if ['ip', '-o', 'route', 'list'] == args[0]:
-                return (SAMPLE_IPROUTE_OUT_V4, '')
-            v6cmd = ['ip', '--oneline', '-6', 'route', 'list', 'table', 'all']
-            if v6cmd == args[0]:
-                return (SAMPLE_IPROUTE_OUT_V6, '')
-            raise Exception('Unexpected subp call %s' % args[0])
-
-        m_subp.side_effect = subp_iproute_selector
-        m_which.side_effect = lambda x: x if x == 'ip' else None
-        content = route_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual(ROUTE_FORMATTED_OUT, content)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.which')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.netinfo.subp.subp')
-    def test_route_warn_on_missing_commands(self, m_subp, m_which):
-        """route_pformat warns when missing both ip and 'netstat'."""
-        m_which.return_value = None  # Niether ip nor netstat found
-        content = route_pformat()
-        self.assertEqual('\n', content)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            "WARNING: Could not print routes: missing 'ip' and 'netstat'"
-            " commands\n",
-            self.logs.getvalue())
-        m_subp.assert_not_called()
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_persistence.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_persistence.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ec1152a9..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_persistence.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2020 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# Author: Daniel Watkins <oddbloke@ubuntu.com>
-#
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-"""
-Tests for cloudinit.persistence.
-
-Per https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html, only "classes that are
-defined at the top level of a module" can be pickled.  This means that all of
-our ``CloudInitPickleMixin`` subclasses for testing must be defined at
-module-level (rather than being defined inline or dynamically in the body of
-test methods, as we would do without this constraint).
-
-``TestPickleMixin.test_subclasses`` iterates over a list of all of these
-classes, and tests that they round-trip through a pickle dump/load.  As the
-interface we're testing is that ``_unpickle`` is called appropriately on
-subclasses, our subclasses define their assertions in their ``_unpickle``
-implementation.  (This means that the assertions will not be executed if
-``_unpickle`` is not called at all; we have
-``TestPickleMixin.test_unpickle_called`` to ensure it is called.)
-
-To avoid manually maintaining a list of classes for parametrization we use a
-simple metaclass, ``_Collector``, to gather them up.
-"""
-
-import pickle
-from unittest import mock
-
-import pytest
-
-from cloudinit.persistence import CloudInitPickleMixin
-
-
-class _Collector(type):
-    """Any class using this as a metaclass will be stored in test_classes."""
-
-    test_classes = []
-
-    def __new__(cls, *args):
-        new_cls = super().__new__(cls, *args)
-        _Collector.test_classes.append(new_cls)
-        return new_cls
-
-
-class InstanceVersionNotUsed(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Test that the class version is used over one set in instance state."""
-
-    _ci_pkl_version = 1
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self._ci_pkl_version = 2
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        assert 1 == ci_pkl_version
-
-
-class MissingVersionHandled(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Test that pickles without ``_ci_pkl_version`` are handled gracefully.
-
-    This is tested by overriding ``__getstate__`` so the dumped pickle of this
-    class will not have ``_ci_pkl_version`` included.
-    """
-
-    def __getstate__(self):
-        return self.__dict__
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        assert 0 == ci_pkl_version
-
-
-class OverridenVersionHonored(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Test that the subclass's version is used."""
-
-    _ci_pkl_version = 1
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        assert 1 == ci_pkl_version
-
-
-class StateIsRestored(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Instance state should be restored before ``_unpickle`` is called."""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.some_state = "some state"
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        assert "some state" == self.some_state
-
-
-class UnpickleCanBeUnoverriden(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Subclasses should not need to override ``_unpickle``."""
-
-
-class VersionDefaultsToZero(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Test that the default version is 0."""
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        assert 0 == ci_pkl_version
-
-
-class VersionIsPoppedFromState(CloudInitPickleMixin, metaclass=_Collector):
-    """Test _ci_pkl_version is popped from state before being restored."""
-
-    def _unpickle(self, ci_pkl_version: int) -> None:
-        # `self._ci_pkl_version` returns the type's _ci_pkl_version if it isn't
-        # in instance state, so we need to explicitly check self.__dict__.
-        assert "_ci_pkl_version" not in self.__dict__
-
-
-class TestPickleMixin:
-    def test_unpickle_called(self):
-        """Test that self._unpickle is called on unpickle."""
-        with mock.patch.object(
-            CloudInitPickleMixin, "_unpickle"
-        ) as m_unpickle:
-            pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(CloudInitPickleMixin()))
-        assert 1 == m_unpickle.call_count
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize("cls", _Collector.test_classes)
-    def test_subclasses(self, cls):
-        """For each collected class, round-trip through pickle dump/load.
-
-        Assertions are implemented in ``cls._unpickle``, and so are evoked as
-        part of the pickle load.
-        """
-        pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(cls()))
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_simpletable.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_simpletable.py
deleted file mode 100644
index a12a62a0..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_simpletable.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2017 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates
-#
-# Author: Andrew Jorgensen <ajorgens@amazon.com>
-#
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-"""Tests that SimpleTable works just like PrettyTable for cloud-init.
-
-Not all possible PrettyTable cases are tested because we're not trying to
-reimplement the entire library, only the minimal parts we actually use.
-"""
-
-from cloudinit.simpletable import SimpleTable
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase
-
-# Examples rendered by cloud-init using PrettyTable
-NET_DEVICE_FIELDS = (
-    'Device', 'Up', 'Address', 'Mask', 'Scope', 'Hw-Address')
-NET_DEVICE_ROWS = (
-    ('ens3', True, '172.31.4.203', '255.255.240.0', '.', '0a:1f:07:15:98:70'),
-    ('ens3', True, 'fe80::81f:7ff:fe15:9870/64', '.', 'link',
-        '0a:1f:07:15:98:70'),
-    ('lo', True, '127.0.0.1', '255.0.0.0', '.', '.'),
-    ('lo', True, '::1/128', '.', 'host', '.'),
-)
-NET_DEVICE_TABLE = """\
-+--------+------+----------------------------+---------------+-------+-------------------+
-| Device |  Up  |          Address           |      Mask     | Scope |     Hw-Address    |
-+--------+------+----------------------------+---------------+-------+-------------------+
-|  ens3  | True |        172.31.4.203        | 255.255.240.0 |   .   | 0a:1f:07:15:98:70 |
-|  ens3  | True | fe80::81f:7ff:fe15:9870/64 |       .       |  link | 0a:1f:07:15:98:70 |
-|   lo   | True |         127.0.0.1          |   255.0.0.0   |   .   |         .         |
-|   lo   | True |          ::1/128           |       .       |  host |         .         |
-+--------+------+----------------------------+---------------+-------+-------------------+"""  # noqa: E501
-ROUTE_IPV4_FIELDS = (
-    'Route', 'Destination', 'Gateway', 'Genmask', 'Interface', 'Flags')
-ROUTE_IPV4_ROWS = (
-    ('0', '0.0.0.0', '172.31.0.1', '0.0.0.0', 'ens3', 'UG'),
-    ('1', '169.254.0.0', '0.0.0.0', '255.255.0.0', 'ens3', 'U'),
-    ('2', '172.31.0.0', '0.0.0.0', '255.255.240.0', 'ens3', 'U'),
-)
-ROUTE_IPV4_TABLE = """\
-+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+-----------+-------+
-| Route | Destination |  Gateway   |    Genmask    | Interface | Flags |
-+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+-----------+-------+
-|   0   |   0.0.0.0   | 172.31.0.1 |    0.0.0.0    |    ens3   |   UG  |
-|   1   | 169.254.0.0 |  0.0.0.0   |  255.255.0.0  |    ens3   |   U   |
-|   2   |  172.31.0.0 |  0.0.0.0   | 255.255.240.0 |    ens3   |   U   |
-+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+-----------+-------+"""
-
-AUTHORIZED_KEYS_FIELDS = (
-    'Keytype', 'Fingerprint (md5)', 'Options', 'Comment')
-AUTHORIZED_KEYS_ROWS = (
-    ('ssh-rsa', '24:c7:41:49:47:12:31:a0:de:6f:62:79:9b:13:06:36', '-',
-        'ajorgens'),
-)
-AUTHORIZED_KEYS_TABLE = """\
-+---------+-------------------------------------------------+---------+----------+
-| Keytype |                Fingerprint (md5)                | Options | Comment  |
-+---------+-------------------------------------------------+---------+----------+
-| ssh-rsa | 24:c7:41:49:47:12:31:a0:de:6f:62:79:9b:13:06:36 |    -    | ajorgens |
-+---------+-------------------------------------------------+---------+----------+"""  # noqa: E501
-
-# from prettytable import PrettyTable
-# pt = PrettyTable(('HEADER',))
-# print(pt)
-NO_ROWS_FIELDS = ('HEADER',)
-NO_ROWS_TABLE = """\
-+--------+
-| HEADER |
-+--------+
-+--------+"""
-
-
-class TestSimpleTable(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_no_rows(self):
-        """An empty table is rendered as PrettyTable would have done it."""
-        table = SimpleTable(NO_ROWS_FIELDS)
-        self.assertEqual(str(table), NO_ROWS_TABLE)
-
-    def test_net_dev(self):
-        """Net device info is rendered as it was with PrettyTable."""
-        table = SimpleTable(NET_DEVICE_FIELDS)
-        for row in NET_DEVICE_ROWS:
-            table.add_row(row)
-        self.assertEqual(str(table), NET_DEVICE_TABLE)
-
-    def test_route_ipv4(self):
-        """Route IPv4 info is rendered as it was with PrettyTable."""
-        table = SimpleTable(ROUTE_IPV4_FIELDS)
-        for row in ROUTE_IPV4_ROWS:
-            table.add_row(row)
-        self.assertEqual(str(table), ROUTE_IPV4_TABLE)
-
-    def test_authorized_keys(self):
-        """SSH authorized keys are rendered as they were with PrettyTable."""
-        table = SimpleTable(AUTHORIZED_KEYS_FIELDS)
-        for row in AUTHORIZED_KEYS_ROWS:
-            table.add_row(row)
-
-    def test_get_string(self):
-        """get_string() method returns the same content as str()."""
-        table = SimpleTable(AUTHORIZED_KEYS_FIELDS)
-        for row in AUTHORIZED_KEYS_ROWS:
-            table.add_row(row)
-        self.assertEqual(table.get_string(), str(table))
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_stages.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_stages.py
deleted file mode 100644
index a50836a4..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_stages.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,478 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests related to cloudinit.stages module."""
-import os
-import stat
-
-import pytest
-
-from cloudinit import stages
-from cloudinit import sources
-from cloudinit.sources import NetworkConfigSource
-
-from cloudinit.event import EventScope, EventType
-from cloudinit.util import write_file
-
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, mock
-
-TEST_INSTANCE_ID = 'i-testing'
-
-
-class FakeDataSource(sources.DataSource):
-
-    def __init__(self, paths=None, userdata=None, vendordata=None,
-                 network_config=''):
-        super(FakeDataSource, self).__init__({}, None, paths=paths)
-        self.metadata = {'instance-id': TEST_INSTANCE_ID}
-        self.userdata_raw = userdata
-        self.vendordata_raw = vendordata
-        self._network_config = None
-        if network_config:   # Permit for None value to setup attribute
-            self._network_config = network_config
-
-    @property
-    def network_config(self):
-        return self._network_config
-
-    def _get_data(self):
-        return True
-
-
-class TestInit(CiTestCase):
-    with_logs = True
-    allowed_subp = False
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestInit, self).setUp()
-        self.tmpdir = self.tmp_dir()
-        self.init = stages.Init()
-        # Setup fake Paths for Init to reference
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {
-            'distro': 'ubuntu', 'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir,
-                                          'run_dir': self.tmpdir}}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(paths=self.init.paths)
-        self._real_is_new_instance = self.init.is_new_instance
-        self.init.is_new_instance = mock.Mock(return_value=True)
-
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_disabled(self):
-        """find_networking_config returns no config when disabled."""
-        disable_file = os.path.join(
-            self.init.paths.get_cpath('data'), 'upgraded-network')
-        write_file(disable_file, '')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (None, disable_file),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_disabled_by_kernel(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns when disabled by kernel cmdline."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {'config': 'disabled'}
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {'config': ['fake_initrd']}
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (None, NetworkConfigSource.cmdline),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertEqual('DEBUG: network config disabled by cmdline\n',
-                         self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_disabled_by_initrd(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns when disabled by kernel cmdline."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {'config': 'disabled'}
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (None, NetworkConfigSource.initramfs),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertEqual('DEBUG: network config disabled by initramfs\n',
-                         self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_disabled_by_datasrc(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns when disabled by datasource cfg."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}  # Kernel doesn't disable networking
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {}  # initramfs doesn't disable networking
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir}},
-                          'network': {}}  # system config doesn't disable
-
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(
-            network_config={'config': 'disabled'})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (None, NetworkConfigSource.ds),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertEqual('DEBUG: network config disabled by ds\n',
-                         self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_disabled_by_sysconfig(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns when disabled by system config."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}  # Kernel doesn't disable networking
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {}  # initramfs doesn't disable networking
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir}},
-                          'network': {'config': 'disabled'}}
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (None, NetworkConfigSource.system_cfg),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertEqual('DEBUG: network config disabled by system_cfg\n',
-                         self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test__find_networking_config_uses_datasrc_order(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config should check sources in DS defined order"""
-        # cmdline and initramfs, which would normally be preferred over other
-        # sources, disable networking; in this case, though, the DS moves them
-        # later so its own config is preferred
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {'config': 'disabled'}
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {'config': 'disabled'}
-
-        ds_net_cfg = {'config': {'needle': True}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(network_config=ds_net_cfg)
-        self.init.datasource.network_config_sources = [
-            NetworkConfigSource.ds, NetworkConfigSource.system_cfg,
-            NetworkConfigSource.cmdline, NetworkConfigSource.initramfs]
-
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (ds_net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.ds),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test__find_networking_config_warns_if_datasrc_uses_invalid_src(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config should check sources in DS defined order"""
-        ds_net_cfg = {'config': {'needle': True}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(network_config=ds_net_cfg)
-        self.init.datasource.network_config_sources = [
-            'invalid_src', NetworkConfigSource.ds]
-
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (ds_net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.ds),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertIn('WARNING: data source specifies an invalid network'
-                      ' cfg_source: invalid_src',
-                      self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test__find_networking_config_warns_if_datasrc_uses_unavailable_src(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config should check sources in DS defined order"""
-        ds_net_cfg = {'config': {'needle': True}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(network_config=ds_net_cfg)
-        self.init.datasource.network_config_sources = [
-            NetworkConfigSource.fallback, NetworkConfigSource.ds]
-
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (ds_net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.ds),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertIn('WARNING: data source specifies an unavailable network'
-                      ' cfg_source: fallback',
-                      self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_returns_kernel(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns kernel cmdline config if present."""
-        expected_cfg = {'config': ['fakekernel']}
-        m_cmdline.return_value = expected_cfg
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {'config': ['fake_initrd']}
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir}},
-                          'network': {'config': ['fakesys_config']}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(
-            network_config={'config': ['fakedatasource']})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (expected_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.cmdline),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_returns_initramfs(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns kernel cmdline config if present."""
-        expected_cfg = {'config': ['fake_initrd']}
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}
-        m_initramfs.return_value = expected_cfg
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir}},
-                          'network': {'config': ['fakesys_config']}}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(
-            network_config={'config': ['fakedatasource']})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (expected_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.initramfs),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_returns_system_cfg(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns system config when present."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}  # No kernel network config
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {}  # no initramfs network config
-        expected_cfg = {'config': ['fakesys_config']}
-        self.init._cfg = {'system_info': {'paths': {'cloud_dir': self.tmpdir}},
-                          'network': expected_cfg}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(
-            network_config={'config': ['fakedatasource']})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (expected_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.system_cfg),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_returns_datasrc_cfg(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns datasource net config if present."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}  # No kernel network config
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {}  # no initramfs network config
-        # No system config for network in setUp
-        expected_cfg = {'config': ['fakedatasource']}
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(network_config=expected_cfg)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (expected_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.ds),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_initramfs_config')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.stages.cmdline.read_kernel_cmdline_config')
-    def test_wb__find_networking_config_returns_fallback(
-            self, m_cmdline, m_initramfs):
-        """find_networking_config returns fallback config if not defined."""
-        m_cmdline.return_value = {}  # Kernel doesn't disable networking
-        m_initramfs.return_value = {}  # no initramfs network config
-        # Neither datasource nor system_info disable or provide network
-
-        fake_cfg = {'config': [{'type': 'physical', 'name': 'eth9'}],
-                    'version': 1}
-
-        def fake_generate_fallback():
-            return fake_cfg
-
-        # Monkey patch distro which gets cached on self.init
-        distro = self.init.distro
-        distro.generate_fallback_config = fake_generate_fallback
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (fake_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.fallback),
-            self.init._find_networking_config())
-        self.assertNotIn('network config disabled', self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    def test_apply_network_config_disabled(self):
-        """Log when network is disabled by upgraded-network."""
-        disable_file = os.path.join(
-            self.init.paths.get_cpath('data'), 'upgraded-network')
-
-        def fake_network_config():
-            return (None, disable_file)
-
-        self.init._find_networking_config = fake_network_config
-
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.assertIn(
-            'INFO: network config is disabled by %s' % disable_file,
-            self.logs.getvalue())
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.net.get_interfaces_by_mac')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    def test_apply_network_on_new_instance(self, m_ubuntu, m_macs):
-        """Call distro apply_network_config methods on is_new_instance."""
-        net_cfg = {
-            'version': 1, 'config': [
-                {'subnets': [{'type': 'dhcp'}], 'type': 'physical',
-                 'name': 'eth9', 'mac_address': '42:42:42:42:42:42'}]}
-
-        def fake_network_config():
-            return net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.fallback
-
-        m_macs.return_value = {'42:42:42:42:42:42': 'eth9'}
-
-        self.init._find_networking_config = fake_network_config
-
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config_names.assert_called_with(net_cfg)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config.assert_called_with(
-            net_cfg, bring_up=True)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    def test_apply_network_on_same_instance_id(self, m_ubuntu):
-        """Only call distro.apply_network_config_names on same instance id."""
-        self.init.is_new_instance = self._real_is_new_instance
-        old_instance_id = os.path.join(
-            self.init.paths.get_cpath('data'), 'instance-id')
-        write_file(old_instance_id, TEST_INSTANCE_ID)
-        net_cfg = {
-            'version': 1, 'config': [
-                {'subnets': [{'type': 'dhcp'}], 'type': 'physical',
-                 'name': 'eth9', 'mac_address': '42:42:42:42:42:42'}]}
-
-        def fake_network_config():
-            return net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.fallback
-
-        self.init._find_networking_config = fake_network_config
-
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config_names.assert_called_with(net_cfg)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config.assert_not_called()
-        assert (
-            "No network config applied. Neither a new instance nor datasource "
-            "network update allowed"
-        ) in self.logs.getvalue()
-
-    # CiTestCase doesn't work with pytest.mark.parametrize, and moving this
-    # functionality to a separate class is more cumbersome than it'd be worth
-    # at the moment, so use this as a simple setup
-    def _apply_network_setup(self, m_macs):
-        old_instance_id = os.path.join(
-            self.init.paths.get_cpath('data'), 'instance-id')
-        write_file(old_instance_id, TEST_INSTANCE_ID)
-        net_cfg = {
-            'version': 1, 'config': [
-                {'subnets': [{'type': 'dhcp'}], 'type': 'physical',
-                 'name': 'eth9', 'mac_address': '42:42:42:42:42:42'}]}
-
-        def fake_network_config():
-            return net_cfg, NetworkConfigSource.fallback
-
-        m_macs.return_value = {'42:42:42:42:42:42': 'eth9'}
-
-        self.init._find_networking_config = fake_network_config
-        self.init.datasource = FakeDataSource(paths=self.init.paths)
-        self.init.is_new_instance = mock.Mock(return_value=False)
-        return net_cfg
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.net.get_interfaces_by_mac')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    @mock.patch.dict(sources.DataSource.default_update_events, {
-        EventScope.NETWORK: {EventType.BOOT_NEW_INSTANCE, EventType.BOOT}})
-    def test_apply_network_allowed_when_default_boot(
-        self, m_ubuntu, m_macs
-    ):
-        """Apply network if datasource permits BOOT event."""
-        net_cfg = self._apply_network_setup(m_macs)
-
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        assert mock.call(
-            net_cfg
-        ) == self.init.distro.apply_network_config_names.call_args_list[-1]
-        assert mock.call(
-            net_cfg, bring_up=True
-        ) == self.init.distro.apply_network_config.call_args_list[-1]
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.net.get_interfaces_by_mac')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    @mock.patch.dict(sources.DataSource.default_update_events, {
-        EventScope.NETWORK: {EventType.BOOT_NEW_INSTANCE}})
-    def test_apply_network_disabled_when_no_default_boot(
-        self, m_ubuntu, m_macs
-    ):
-        """Don't apply network if datasource has no BOOT event."""
-        self._apply_network_setup(m_macs)
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config.assert_not_called()
-        assert (
-            "No network config applied. Neither a new instance nor datasource "
-            "network update allowed"
-        ) in self.logs.getvalue()
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.net.get_interfaces_by_mac')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    @mock.patch.dict(sources.DataSource.default_update_events, {
-        EventScope.NETWORK: {EventType.BOOT_NEW_INSTANCE}})
-    def test_apply_network_allowed_with_userdata_overrides(
-        self, m_ubuntu, m_macs
-    ):
-        """Apply network if userdata overrides default config"""
-        net_cfg = self._apply_network_setup(m_macs)
-        self.init._cfg = {'updates': {'network': {'when': ['boot']}}}
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config_names.assert_called_with(
-            net_cfg)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config.assert_called_with(
-            net_cfg, bring_up=True)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.net.get_interfaces_by_mac')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.distros.ubuntu.Distro')
-    @mock.patch.dict(sources.DataSource.supported_update_events, {
-        EventScope.NETWORK: {EventType.BOOT_NEW_INSTANCE}})
-    def test_apply_network_disabled_when_unsupported(
-        self, m_ubuntu, m_macs
-    ):
-        """Don't apply network config if unsupported.
-
-        Shouldn't work even when specified as userdata
-        """
-        self._apply_network_setup(m_macs)
-
-        self.init._cfg = {'updates': {'network': {'when': ['boot']}}}
-        self.init.apply_network_config(True)
-        self.init.distro.apply_network_config.assert_not_called()
-        assert (
-            "No network config applied. Neither a new instance nor datasource "
-            "network update allowed"
-        ) in self.logs.getvalue()
-
-
-class TestInit_InitializeFilesystem:
-    """Tests for cloudinit.stages.Init._initialize_filesystem.
-
-    TODO: Expand these tests to cover all of _initialize_filesystem's behavior.
-    """
-
-    @pytest.yield_fixture
-    def init(self, paths):
-        """A fixture which yields a stages.Init instance with paths and cfg set
-
-        As it is replaced with a mock, consumers of this fixture can set
-        `init._cfg` if the default empty dict configuration is not appropriate.
-        """
-        with mock.patch("cloudinit.stages.util.ensure_dirs"):
-            init = stages.Init()
-            init._cfg = {}
-            init._paths = paths
-            yield init
-
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.stages.util.ensure_file")
-    def test_ensure_file_not_called_if_no_log_file_configured(
-        self, m_ensure_file, init
-    ):
-        """If no log file is configured, we should not ensure its existence."""
-        init._cfg = {}
-
-        init._initialize_filesystem()
-
-        assert 0 == m_ensure_file.call_count
-
-    def test_log_files_existence_is_ensured_if_configured(self, init, tmpdir):
-        """If a log file is configured, we should ensure its existence."""
-        log_file = tmpdir.join("cloud-init.log")
-        init._cfg = {"def_log_file": str(log_file)}
-
-        init._initialize_filesystem()
-
-        assert log_file.exists()
-        # Assert we create it 0o640  by default if it doesn't already exist
-        assert 0o640 == stat.S_IMODE(log_file.stat().mode)
-
-    def test_existing_file_permissions_are_not_modified(self, init, tmpdir):
-        """If the log file already exists, we should not modify its permissions
-
-        See https://bugs.launchpad.net/cloud-init/+bug/1900837.
-        """
-        # Use a mode that will never be made the default so this test will
-        # always be valid
-        mode = 0o606
-        log_file = tmpdir.join("cloud-init.log")
-        log_file.ensure()
-        log_file.chmod(mode)
-        init._cfg = {"def_log_file": str(log_file)}
-
-        init._initialize_filesystem()
-
-        assert mode == stat.S_IMODE(log_file.stat().mode)
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_subp.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_subp.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 515d5d64..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_subp.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests for cloudinit.subp utility functions"""
-
-import json
-import os
-import sys
-import stat
-
-from unittest import mock
-
-from cloudinit import subp, util
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase
-
-
-BASH = subp.which('bash')
-BOGUS_COMMAND = 'this-is-not-expected-to-be-a-program-name'
-
-
-class TestPrependBaseCommands(CiTestCase):
-
-    with_logs = True
-
-    def test_prepend_base_command_errors_on_neither_string_nor_list(self):
-        """Raise an error for each command which is not a string or list."""
-        orig_commands = ['ls', 1, {'not': 'gonna work'}, ['basecmd', 'list']]
-        with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as context_manager:
-            subp.prepend_base_command(
-                base_command='basecmd', commands=orig_commands)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            "Invalid basecmd config. These commands are not a string or"
-            " list:\n1\n{'not': 'gonna work'}",
-            str(context_manager.exception))
-
-    def test_prepend_base_command_warns_on_non_base_string_commands(self):
-        """Warn on each non-base for commands of type string."""
-        orig_commands = [
-            'ls', 'basecmd list', 'touch /blah', 'basecmd install x']
-        fixed_commands = subp.prepend_base_command(
-            base_command='basecmd', commands=orig_commands)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'WARNING: Non-basecmd commands in basecmd config:\n'
-            'ls\ntouch /blah\n',
-            self.logs.getvalue())
-        self.assertEqual(orig_commands, fixed_commands)
-
-    def test_prepend_base_command_prepends_on_non_base_list_commands(self):
-        """Prepend 'basecmd' for each non-basecmd command of type list."""
-        orig_commands = [['ls'], ['basecmd', 'list'], ['basecmda', '/blah'],
-                         ['basecmd', 'install', 'x']]
-        expected = [['basecmd', 'ls'], ['basecmd', 'list'],
-                    ['basecmd', 'basecmda', '/blah'],
-                    ['basecmd', 'install', 'x']]
-        fixed_commands = subp.prepend_base_command(
-            base_command='basecmd', commands=orig_commands)
-        self.assertEqual('', self.logs.getvalue())
-        self.assertEqual(expected, fixed_commands)
-
-    def test_prepend_base_command_removes_first_item_when_none(self):
-        """Remove the first element of a non-basecmd when it is None."""
-        orig_commands = [[None, 'ls'], ['basecmd', 'list'],
-                         [None, 'touch', '/blah'],
-                         ['basecmd', 'install', 'x']]
-        expected = [['ls'], ['basecmd', 'list'],
-                    ['touch', '/blah'],
-                    ['basecmd', 'install', 'x']]
-        fixed_commands = subp.prepend_base_command(
-            base_command='basecmd', commands=orig_commands)
-        self.assertEqual('', self.logs.getvalue())
-        self.assertEqual(expected, fixed_commands)
-
-
-class TestSubp(CiTestCase):
-    allowed_subp = [BASH, 'cat', CiTestCase.SUBP_SHELL_TRUE,
-                    BOGUS_COMMAND, sys.executable]
-
-    stdin2err = [BASH, '-c', 'cat >&2']
-    stdin2out = ['cat']
-    utf8_invalid = b'ab\xaadef'
-    utf8_valid = b'start \xc3\xa9 end'
-    utf8_valid_2 = b'd\xc3\xa9j\xc8\xa7'
-    printenv = [BASH, '-c', 'for n in "$@"; do echo "$n=${!n}"; done', '--']
-
-    def printf_cmd(self, *args):
-        # bash's printf supports \xaa.  So does /usr/bin/printf
-        # but by using bash, we remove dependency on another program.
-        return([BASH, '-c', 'printf "$@"', 'printf'] + list(args))
-
-    def test_subp_handles_bytestrings(self):
-        """subp can run a bytestring command if shell is True."""
-        tmp_file = self.tmp_path('test.out')
-        cmd = 'echo HI MOM >> {tmp_file}'.format(tmp_file=tmp_file)
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(cmd.encode('utf-8'), shell=True)
-        self.assertEqual('', out)
-        self.assertEqual('', _err)
-        self.assertEqual('HI MOM\n', util.load_file(tmp_file))
-
-    def test_subp_handles_strings(self):
-        """subp can run a string command if shell is True."""
-        tmp_file = self.tmp_path('test.out')
-        cmd = 'echo HI MOM >> {tmp_file}'.format(tmp_file=tmp_file)
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(cmd, shell=True)
-        self.assertEqual('', out)
-        self.assertEqual('', _err)
-        self.assertEqual('HI MOM\n', util.load_file(tmp_file))
-
-    def test_subp_handles_utf8(self):
-        # The given bytes contain utf-8 accented characters as seen in e.g.
-        # the "deja dup" package in Ubuntu.
-        cmd = self.printf_cmd(self.utf8_valid_2)
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(cmd, capture=True)
-        self.assertEqual(out, self.utf8_valid_2.decode('utf-8'))
-
-    def test_subp_respects_decode_false(self):
-        (out, err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2out, capture=True, decode=False,
-                               data=self.utf8_valid)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(out, bytes))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(err, bytes))
-        self.assertEqual(out, self.utf8_valid)
-
-    def test_subp_decode_ignore(self):
-        # this executes a string that writes invalid utf-8 to stdout
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(self.printf_cmd('abc\\xaadef'),
-                                capture=True, decode='ignore')
-        self.assertEqual(out, 'abcdef')
-
-    def test_subp_decode_strict_valid_utf8(self):
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2out, capture=True,
-                                decode='strict', data=self.utf8_valid)
-        self.assertEqual(out, self.utf8_valid.decode('utf-8'))
-
-    def test_subp_decode_invalid_utf8_replaces(self):
-        (out, _err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2out, capture=True,
-                                data=self.utf8_invalid)
-        expected = self.utf8_invalid.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
-        self.assertEqual(out, expected)
-
-    def test_subp_decode_strict_raises(self):
-        args = []
-        kwargs = {'args': self.stdin2out, 'capture': True,
-                  'decode': 'strict', 'data': self.utf8_invalid}
-        self.assertRaises(UnicodeDecodeError, subp.subp, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def test_subp_capture_stderr(self):
-        data = b'hello world'
-        (out, err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2err, capture=True,
-                               decode=False, data=data,
-                               update_env={'LC_ALL': 'C'})
-        self.assertEqual(err, data)
-        self.assertEqual(out, b'')
-
-    def test_subp_reads_env(self):
-        with mock.patch.dict("os.environ", values={'FOO': 'BAR'}):
-            out, _err = subp.subp(self.printenv + ['FOO'], capture=True)
-        self.assertEqual('FOO=BAR', out.splitlines()[0])
-
-    def test_subp_env_and_update_env(self):
-        out, _err = subp.subp(
-            self.printenv + ['FOO', 'HOME', 'K1', 'K2'], capture=True,
-            env={'FOO': 'BAR'},
-            update_env={'HOME': '/myhome', 'K2': 'V2'})
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['FOO=BAR', 'HOME=/myhome', 'K1=', 'K2=V2'], out.splitlines())
-
-    def test_subp_update_env(self):
-        extra = {'FOO': 'BAR', 'HOME': '/root', 'K1': 'V1'}
-        with mock.patch.dict("os.environ", values=extra):
-            out, _err = subp.subp(
-                self.printenv + ['FOO', 'HOME', 'K1', 'K2'], capture=True,
-                update_env={'HOME': '/myhome', 'K2': 'V2'})
-
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['FOO=BAR', 'HOME=/myhome', 'K1=V1', 'K2=V2'], out.splitlines())
-
-    def test_subp_warn_missing_shebang(self):
-        """Warn on no #! in script"""
-        noshebang = self.tmp_path('noshebang')
-        util.write_file(noshebang, 'true\n')
-
-        print("os is %s" % os)
-        os.chmod(noshebang, os.stat(noshebang).st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC)
-        with self.allow_subp([noshebang]):
-            self.assertRaisesRegex(subp.ProcessExecutionError,
-                                   r'Missing #! in script\?',
-                                   subp.subp, (noshebang,))
-
-    def test_subp_combined_stderr_stdout(self):
-        """Providing combine_capture as True redirects stderr to stdout."""
-        data = b'hello world'
-        (out, err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2err, capture=True,
-                               combine_capture=True, decode=False, data=data)
-        self.assertEqual(b'', err)
-        self.assertEqual(data, out)
-
-    def test_returns_none_if_no_capture(self):
-        (out, err) = subp.subp(self.stdin2out, data=b'', capture=False)
-        self.assertIsNone(err)
-        self.assertIsNone(out)
-
-    def test_exception_has_out_err_are_bytes_if_decode_false(self):
-        """Raised exc should have stderr, stdout as bytes if no decode."""
-        with self.assertRaises(subp.ProcessExecutionError) as cm:
-            subp.subp([BOGUS_COMMAND], decode=False)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(cm.exception.stdout, bytes))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(cm.exception.stderr, bytes))
-
-    def test_exception_has_out_err_are_bytes_if_decode_true(self):
-        """Raised exc should have stderr, stdout as string if no decode."""
-        with self.assertRaises(subp.ProcessExecutionError) as cm:
-            subp.subp([BOGUS_COMMAND], decode=True)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(cm.exception.stdout, str))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(cm.exception.stderr, str))
-
-    def test_bunch_of_slashes_in_path(self):
-        self.assertEqual("/target/my/path/",
-                         subp.target_path("/target/", "//my/path/"))
-        self.assertEqual("/target/my/path/",
-                         subp.target_path("/target/", "///my/path/"))
-
-    def test_c_lang_can_take_utf8_args(self):
-        """Independent of system LC_CTYPE, args can contain utf-8 strings.
-
-        When python starts up, its default encoding gets set based on
-        the value of LC_CTYPE.  If no system locale is set, the default
-        encoding for both python2 and python3 in some paths will end up
-        being ascii.
-
-        Attempts to use setlocale or patching (or changing) os.environ
-        in the current environment seem to not be effective.
-
-        This test starts up a python with LC_CTYPE set to C so that
-        the default encoding will be set to ascii.  In such an environment
-        Popen(['command', 'non-ascii-arg']) would cause a UnicodeDecodeError.
-        """
-        python_prog = '\n'.join([
-            'import json, sys',
-            'from cloudinit.subp import subp',
-            'data = sys.stdin.read()',
-            'cmd = json.loads(data)',
-            'subp(cmd, capture=False)',
-            ''])
-        cmd = [BASH, '-c', 'echo -n "$@"', '--',
-               self.utf8_valid.decode("utf-8")]
-        python_subp = [sys.executable, '-c', python_prog]
-
-        out, _err = subp.subp(
-            python_subp, update_env={'LC_CTYPE': 'C'},
-            data=json.dumps(cmd).encode("utf-8"),
-            decode=False)
-        self.assertEqual(self.utf8_valid, out)
-
-    def test_bogus_command_logs_status_messages(self):
-        """status_cb gets status messages logs on bogus commands provided."""
-        logs = []
-
-        def status_cb(log):
-            logs.append(log)
-
-        with self.assertRaises(subp.ProcessExecutionError):
-            subp.subp([BOGUS_COMMAND], status_cb=status_cb)
-
-        expected = [
-            'Begin run command: {cmd}\n'.format(cmd=BOGUS_COMMAND),
-            'ERROR: End run command: invalid command provided\n']
-        self.assertEqual(expected, logs)
-
-    def test_command_logs_exit_codes_to_status_cb(self):
-        """status_cb gets status messages containing command exit code."""
-        logs = []
-
-        def status_cb(log):
-            logs.append(log)
-
-        with self.assertRaises(subp.ProcessExecutionError):
-            subp.subp([BASH, '-c', 'exit 2'], status_cb=status_cb)
-        subp.subp([BASH, '-c', 'exit 0'], status_cb=status_cb)
-
-        expected = [
-            'Begin run command: %s -c exit 2\n' % BASH,
-            'ERROR: End run command: exit(2)\n',
-            'Begin run command: %s -c exit 0\n' % BASH,
-            'End run command: exit(0)\n']
-        self.assertEqual(expected, logs)
-
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_temp_utils.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_temp_utils.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 4a52ef89..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_temp_utils.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests for cloudinit.temp_utils"""
-
-from cloudinit.temp_utils import mkdtemp, mkstemp, tempdir
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, wrap_and_call
-import os
-
-
-class TestTempUtils(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_mkdtemp_default_non_root(self):
-        """mkdtemp creates a dir under /tmp for the unprivileged."""
-        calls = []
-
-        def fake_mkdtemp(*args, **kwargs):
-            calls.append(kwargs)
-            return '/fake/return/path'
-
-        retval = wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.temp_utils',
-            {'os.getuid': 1000,
-             'tempfile.mkdtemp': {'side_effect': fake_mkdtemp},
-             '_TMPDIR': {'new': None},
-             'os.path.isdir': True},
-            mkdtemp)
-        self.assertEqual('/fake/return/path', retval)
-        self.assertEqual([{'dir': '/tmp'}], calls)
-
-    def test_mkdtemp_default_non_root_needs_exe(self):
-        """mkdtemp creates a dir under /var/tmp/cloud-init when needs_exe."""
-        calls = []
-
-        def fake_mkdtemp(*args, **kwargs):
-            calls.append(kwargs)
-            return '/fake/return/path'
-
-        retval = wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.temp_utils',
-            {'os.getuid': 1000,
-             'tempfile.mkdtemp': {'side_effect': fake_mkdtemp},
-             '_TMPDIR': {'new': None},
-             'os.path.isdir': True},
-            mkdtemp, needs_exe=True)
-        self.assertEqual('/fake/return/path', retval)
-        self.assertEqual([{'dir': '/var/tmp/cloud-init'}], calls)
-
-    def test_mkdtemp_default_root(self):
-        """mkdtemp creates a dir under /run/cloud-init for the privileged."""
-        calls = []
-
-        def fake_mkdtemp(*args, **kwargs):
-            calls.append(kwargs)
-            return '/fake/return/path'
-
-        retval = wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.temp_utils',
-            {'os.getuid': 0,
-             'tempfile.mkdtemp': {'side_effect': fake_mkdtemp},
-             '_TMPDIR': {'new': None},
-             'os.path.isdir': True},
-            mkdtemp)
-        self.assertEqual('/fake/return/path', retval)
-        self.assertEqual([{'dir': '/run/cloud-init/tmp'}], calls)
-
-    def test_mkstemp_default_non_root(self):
-        """mkstemp creates secure tempfile under /tmp for the unprivileged."""
-        calls = []
-
-        def fake_mkstemp(*args, **kwargs):
-            calls.append(kwargs)
-            return '/fake/return/path'
-
-        retval = wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.temp_utils',
-            {'os.getuid': 1000,
-             'tempfile.mkstemp': {'side_effect': fake_mkstemp},
-             '_TMPDIR': {'new': None},
-             'os.path.isdir': True},
-            mkstemp)
-        self.assertEqual('/fake/return/path', retval)
-        self.assertEqual([{'dir': '/tmp'}], calls)
-
-    def test_mkstemp_default_root(self):
-        """mkstemp creates a secure tempfile in /run/cloud-init for root."""
-        calls = []
-
-        def fake_mkstemp(*args, **kwargs):
-            calls.append(kwargs)
-            return '/fake/return/path'
-
-        retval = wrap_and_call(
-            'cloudinit.temp_utils',
-            {'os.getuid': 0,
-             'tempfile.mkstemp': {'side_effect': fake_mkstemp},
-             '_TMPDIR': {'new': None},
-             'os.path.isdir': True},
-            mkstemp)
-        self.assertEqual('/fake/return/path', retval)
-        self.assertEqual([{'dir': '/run/cloud-init/tmp'}], calls)
-
-    def test_tempdir_error_suppression(self):
-        """test tempdir suppresses errors during directory removal."""
-
-        with self.assertRaises(OSError):
-            with tempdir(prefix='cloud-init-dhcp-') as tdir:
-                os.rmdir(tdir)
-                # As a result, the directory is already gone,
-                # so shutil.rmtree should raise OSError
-
-        with tempdir(rmtree_ignore_errors=True,
-                     prefix='cloud-init-dhcp-') as tdir:
-            os.rmdir(tdir)
-            # Since the directory is already gone, shutil.rmtree would raise
-            # OSError, but we suppress that
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_upgrade.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_upgrade.py
deleted file mode 100644
index da3ab23b..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_upgrade.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2020 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# Author: Daniel Watkins <oddbloke@ubuntu.com>
-#
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Upgrade testing for cloud-init.
-
-This module tests cloud-init's behaviour across upgrades.  Specifically, it
-specifies a set of invariants that the current codebase expects to be true (as
-tests in ``TestUpgrade``) and then checks that these hold true after unpickling
-``obj.pkl``s from previous versions of cloud-init; those pickles are stored in
-``tests/data/old_pickles/``.
-"""
-
-import operator
-import pathlib
-
-import pytest
-
-from cloudinit.stages import _pkl_load
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import resourceLocation
-
-
-class TestUpgrade:
-    @pytest.fixture(
-        params=pathlib.Path(resourceLocation("old_pickles")).glob("*.pkl"),
-        scope="class",
-        ids=operator.attrgetter("name"),
-    )
-    def previous_obj_pkl(self, request):
-        """Load each pickle to memory once, then run all tests against it.
-
-        Test implementations _must not_ modify the ``previous_obj_pkl`` which
-        they are passed, as that will affect tests that run after them.
-        """
-        return _pkl_load(str(request.param))
-
-    def test_networking_set_on_distro(self, previous_obj_pkl):
-        """We always expect to have ``.networking`` on ``Distro`` objects."""
-        assert previous_obj_pkl.distro.networking is not None
-
-    def test_blacklist_drivers_set_on_networking(self, previous_obj_pkl):
-        """We always expect Networking.blacklist_drivers to be initialised."""
-        assert previous_obj_pkl.distro.networking.blacklist_drivers is None
-
-    def test_paths_has_run_dir_attribute(self, previous_obj_pkl):
-        assert previous_obj_pkl.paths.run_dir is not None
-
-    def test_vendordata_exists(self, previous_obj_pkl):
-        assert previous_obj_pkl.vendordata2 is None
-        assert previous_obj_pkl.vendordata2_raw is None
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_url_helper.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_url_helper.py
deleted file mode 100644
index c3918f80..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_url_helper.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-from cloudinit.url_helper import (
-    NOT_FOUND, UrlError, REDACTED, oauth_headers, read_file_or_url,
-    retry_on_url_exc)
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, mock, skipIf
-from cloudinit import util
-from cloudinit import version
-
-import httpretty
-import logging
-import requests
-
-
-try:
-    import oauthlib
-    assert oauthlib  # avoid pyflakes error F401: import unused
-    _missing_oauthlib_dep = False
-except ImportError:
-    _missing_oauthlib_dep = True
-
-
-M_PATH = 'cloudinit.url_helper.'
-
-
-class TestOAuthHeaders(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_oauth_headers_raises_not_implemented_when_oathlib_missing(self):
-        """oauth_headers raises a NotImplemented error when oauth absent."""
-        with mock.patch.dict('sys.modules', {'oauthlib': None}):
-            with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError) as context_manager:
-                oauth_headers(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'oauth support is not available',
-            str(context_manager.exception))
-
-    @skipIf(_missing_oauthlib_dep, "No python-oauthlib dependency")
-    @mock.patch('oauthlib.oauth1.Client')
-    def test_oauth_headers_calls_oathlibclient_when_available(self, m_client):
-        """oauth_headers calls oaut1.hClient.sign with the provided url."""
-        class fakeclient(object):
-            def sign(self, url):
-                # The first and 3rd item of the client.sign tuple are ignored
-                return ('junk', url, 'junk2')
-
-        m_client.return_value = fakeclient()
-
-        return_value = oauth_headers(
-            'url', 'consumer_key', 'token_key', 'token_secret',
-            'consumer_secret')
-        self.assertEqual('url', return_value)
-
-
-class TestReadFileOrUrl(CiTestCase):
-
-    with_logs = True
-
-    def test_read_file_or_url_str_from_file(self):
-        """Test that str(result.contents) on file is text version of contents.
-        It should not be "b'data'", but just "'data'" """
-        tmpf = self.tmp_path("myfile1")
-        data = b'This is my file content\n'
-        util.write_file(tmpf, data, omode="wb")
-        result = read_file_or_url("file://%s" % tmpf)
-        self.assertEqual(result.contents, data)
-        self.assertEqual(str(result), data.decode('utf-8'))
-
-    @httpretty.activate
-    def test_read_file_or_url_str_from_url(self):
-        """Test that str(result.contents) on url is text version of contents.
-        It should not be "b'data'", but just "'data'" """
-        url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        data = b'This is my url content\n'
-        httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, url, data)
-        result = read_file_or_url(url)
-        self.assertEqual(result.contents, data)
-        self.assertEqual(str(result), data.decode('utf-8'))
-
-    @httpretty.activate
-    def test_read_file_or_url_str_from_url_redacting_headers_from_logs(self):
-        """Headers are redacted from logs but unredacted in requests."""
-        url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        headers = {'sensitive': 'sekret', 'server': 'blah'}
-        httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, url)
-        # By default, httpretty will log our request along with the header,
-        # so if we don't change this the secret will show up in the logs
-        logging.getLogger('httpretty.core').setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
-
-        read_file_or_url(url, headers=headers, headers_redact=['sensitive'])
-        logs = self.logs.getvalue()
-        for k in headers.keys():
-            self.assertEqual(headers[k], httpretty.last_request().headers[k])
-        self.assertIn(REDACTED, logs)
-        self.assertNotIn('sekret', logs)
-
-    @httpretty.activate
-    def test_read_file_or_url_str_from_url_redacts_noheaders(self):
-        """When no headers_redact, header values are in logs and requests."""
-        url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        headers = {'sensitive': 'sekret', 'server': 'blah'}
-        httpretty.register_uri(httpretty.GET, url)
-
-        read_file_or_url(url, headers=headers)
-        for k in headers.keys():
-            self.assertEqual(headers[k], httpretty.last_request().headers[k])
-        logs = self.logs.getvalue()
-        self.assertNotIn(REDACTED, logs)
-        self.assertIn('sekret', logs)
-
-    @mock.patch(M_PATH + 'readurl')
-    def test_read_file_or_url_passes_params_to_readurl(self, m_readurl):
-        """read_file_or_url passes all params through to readurl."""
-        url = 'http://hostname/path'
-        response = 'This is my url content\n'
-        m_readurl.return_value = response
-        params = {'url': url, 'timeout': 1, 'retries': 2,
-                  'headers': {'somehdr': 'val'},
-                  'data': 'data', 'sec_between': 1,
-                  'ssl_details': {'cert_file': '/path/cert.pem'},
-                  'headers_cb': 'headers_cb', 'exception_cb': 'exception_cb'}
-        self.assertEqual(response, read_file_or_url(**params))
-        params.pop('url')  # url is passed in as a positional arg
-        self.assertEqual([mock.call(url, **params)], m_readurl.call_args_list)
-
-    def test_wb_read_url_defaults_honored_by_read_file_or_url_callers(self):
-        """Readurl param defaults used when unspecified by read_file_or_url
-
-        Param defaults tested are as follows:
-            retries: 0, additional headers None beyond default, method: GET,
-            data: None, check_status: True and allow_redirects: True
-        """
-        url = 'http://hostname/path'
-
-        m_response = mock.MagicMock()
-
-        class FakeSession(requests.Session):
-            @classmethod
-            def request(cls, **kwargs):
-                self.assertEqual(
-                    {'url': url, 'allow_redirects': True, 'method': 'GET',
-                     'headers': {
-                         'User-Agent': 'Cloud-Init/%s' % (
-                             version.version_string())}},
-                    kwargs)
-                return m_response
-
-        with mock.patch(M_PATH + 'requests.Session') as m_session:
-            error = requests.exceptions.HTTPError('broke')
-            m_session.side_effect = [error, FakeSession()]
-            # assert no retries and check_status == True
-            with self.assertRaises(UrlError) as context_manager:
-                response = read_file_or_url(url)
-            self.assertEqual('broke', str(context_manager.exception))
-            # assert default headers, method, url and allow_redirects True
-            # Success on 2nd call with FakeSession
-            response = read_file_or_url(url)
-        self.assertEqual(m_response, response._response)
-
-
-class TestRetryOnUrlExc(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_do_not_retry_non_urlerror(self):
-        """When exception is not UrlError return False."""
-        myerror = IOError('something unexcpected')
-        self.assertFalse(retry_on_url_exc(msg='', exc=myerror))
-
-    def test_perform_retries_on_not_found(self):
-        """When exception is UrlError with a 404 status code return True."""
-        myerror = UrlError(cause=RuntimeError(
-            'something was not found'), code=NOT_FOUND)
-        self.assertTrue(retry_on_url_exc(msg='', exc=myerror))
-
-    def test_perform_retries_on_timeout(self):
-        """When exception is a requests.Timout return True."""
-        myerror = UrlError(cause=requests.Timeout('something timed out'))
-        self.assertTrue(retry_on_url_exc(msg='', exc=myerror))
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_util.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_util.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 7a3175f3..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_util.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1187 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-"""Tests for cloudinit.util"""
-
-import base64
-import logging
-import json
-import platform
-import pytest
-
-import cloudinit.util as util
-from cloudinit import subp
-
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase, mock
-from textwrap import dedent
-
-LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-MOUNT_INFO = [
-    '68 0 8:3 / / ro,relatime shared:1 - btrfs /dev/sda1 ro,attr2,inode64',
-    '153 68 254:0 / /home rw,relatime shared:101 - xfs /dev/sda2 rw,attr2'
-]
-
-OS_RELEASE_SLES = dedent("""\
-    NAME="SLES"
-    VERSION="12-SP3"
-    VERSION_ID="12.3"
-    PRETTY_NAME="SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3"
-    ID="sles"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:suse:sles:12:sp3"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE = dedent("""\
-    NAME="openSUSE Leap"
-    VERSION="42.3"
-    ID=opensuse
-    ID_LIKE="suse"
-    VERSION_ID="42.3"
-    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Leap 42.3"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:leap:42.3"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_L15 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="openSUSE Leap"
-    VERSION="15.0"
-    ID="opensuse-leap"
-    ID_LIKE="suse opensuse"
-    VERSION_ID="15.0"
-    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Leap 15.0"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:leap:15.0"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_TW = dedent("""\
-    NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
-    ID="opensuse-tumbleweed"
-    ID_LIKE="opensuse suse"
-    VERSION_ID="20180920"
-    PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:tumbleweed:20180920"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org/"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_CENTOS = dedent("""\
-    NAME="CentOS Linux"
-    VERSION="7 (Core)"
-    ID="centos"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
-    VERSION_ID="7"
-    PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
-
-    CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
-    CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_REDHAT_7 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server"
-    VERSION="7.5 (Maipo)"
-    ID="rhel"
-    ID_LIKE="fedora"
-    VARIANT="Server"
-    VARIANT_ID="server"
-    VERSION_ID="7.5"
-    PRETTY_NAME="Red Hat"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.5:GA:server"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.redhat.com/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"
-
-    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"
-    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=7.5
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7.5"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_ALMALINUX_8 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="AlmaLinux"
-    VERSION="8.3 (Purple Manul)"
-    ID="almalinux"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel centos fedora"
-    VERSION_ID="8.3"
-    PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
-    PRETTY_NAME="AlmaLinux 8.3 (Purple Manul)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;34"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:almalinux:almalinux:8.3:GA"
-    HOME_URL="https://almalinux.org/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.almalinux.org/"
-
-    ALMALINUX_MANTISBT_PROJECT="AlmaLinux-8"
-    ALMALINUX_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8.3"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_7 = dedent("""\
-    VERSION="7.9 (Minsk)"
-    ID="eurolinux"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel scientific centos fedora"
-    VERSION_ID="7.9"
-    PRETTY_NAME="EuroLinux 7.9 (Minsk)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:eurolinux:eurolinux:7.9:GA"
-    HOME_URL="http://www.euro-linux.com/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="mailto:support@euro-linux.com"
-    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="EuroLinux 7"
-    REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=7.9
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="EuroLinux"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7.9"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_8 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="EuroLinux"
-    VERSION="8.4 (Vaduz)"
-    ID="eurolinux"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora centos"
-    VERSION_ID="8.4"
-    PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
-    PRETTY_NAME="EuroLinux 8.4 (Vaduz)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;34"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:eurolinux:eurolinux:8"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.euro-linux.com/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://github.com/EuroLinux/eurolinux-distro-bugs-and-rfc/"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="EuroLinux"
-    REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_ROCKY_8 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="Rocky Linux"
-    VERSION="8.3 (Green Obsidian)"
-    ID="rocky"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
-    VERSION_ID="8.3"
-    PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
-    PRETTY_NAME="Rocky Linux 8.3 (Green Obsidian)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:rocky:rocky:8"
-    HOME_URL="https://rockylinux.org/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.rockylinux.org/"
-    ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Rocky Linux"
-    ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_VIRTUOZZO_8 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="Virtuozzo Linux"
-    VERSION="8"
-    ID="virtuozzo"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
-    VERSION_ID="8"
-    PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
-    PRETTY_NAME="Virtuozzo Linux"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:virtuozzoproject:vzlinux:8"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.vzlinux.org"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.openvz.org"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_CLOUDLINUX_8 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="CloudLinux"
-    VERSION="8.4 (Valery Rozhdestvensky)"
-    ID="cloudlinux"
-    ID_LIKE="rhel fedora centos"
-    VERSION_ID="8.4"
-    PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
-    PRETTY_NAME="CloudLinux 8.4 (Valery Rozhdestvensky)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-    CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:cloudlinux:cloudlinux:8.4:GA:server"
-    HOME_URL="https://www.cloudlinux.com/"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://www.cloudlinux.com/support"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_OPENEULER_20 = dedent("""\
-    NAME="openEuler"
-    VERSION="20.03 (LTS-SP2)"
-    ID="openEuler"
-    VERSION_ID="20.03"
-    PRETTY_NAME="openEuler 20.03 (LTS-SP2)"
-    ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
-""")
-
-REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_6 = "CentOS release 6.10 (Final)"
-REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_7 = "CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)"
-REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_6 = (
-    "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.10 (Santiago)")
-REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_7 = (
-    "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.5 (Maipo)")
-REDHAT_RELEASE_ALMALINUX_8 = (
-    "AlmaLinux release 8.3 (Purple Manul)")
-REDHAT_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_7 = "EuroLinux release 7.9 (Minsk)"
-REDHAT_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_8 = "EuroLinux release 8.4 (Vaduz)"
-REDHAT_RELEASE_ROCKY_8 = (
-    "Rocky Linux release 8.3 (Green Obsidian)")
-REDHAT_RELEASE_VIRTUOZZO_8 = (
-    "Virtuozzo Linux release 8")
-REDHAT_RELEASE_CLOUDLINUX_8 = (
-    "CloudLinux release 8.4 (Valery Rozhdestvensky)")
-OS_RELEASE_DEBIAN = dedent("""\
-    PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)"
-    NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
-    VERSION_ID="9"
-    VERSION="9 (stretch)"
-    ID=debian
-    HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
-    SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_UBUNTU = dedent("""\
-    NAME="Ubuntu"\n
-    # comment test
-    VERSION="16.04.3 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"\n
-    ID=ubuntu\n
-    ID_LIKE=debian\n
-    PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"\n
-    VERSION_ID="16.04"\n
-    HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"\n
-    SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"\n
-    BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"\n
-    VERSION_CODENAME=xenial\n
-    UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial\n
-""")
-
-OS_RELEASE_PHOTON = ("""\
-        NAME="VMware Photon OS"
-        VERSION="4.0"
-        ID=photon
-        VERSION_ID=4.0
-        PRETTY_NAME="VMware Photon OS/Linux"
-        ANSI_COLOR="1;34"
-        HOME_URL="https://vmware.github.io/photon/"
-        BUG_REPORT_URL="https://github.com/vmware/photon/issues"
-""")
-
-
-class FakeCloud(object):
-
-    def __init__(self, hostname, fqdn):
-        self.hostname = hostname
-        self.fqdn = fqdn
-        self.calls = []
-
-    def get_hostname(self, fqdn=None, metadata_only=None):
-        myargs = {}
-        if fqdn is not None:
-            myargs['fqdn'] = fqdn
-        if metadata_only is not None:
-            myargs['metadata_only'] = metadata_only
-        self.calls.append(myargs)
-        if fqdn:
-            return self.fqdn
-        return self.hostname
-
-
-class TestUtil(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_parse_mount_info_no_opts_no_arg(self):
-        result = util.parse_mount_info('/home', MOUNT_INFO, LOG)
-        self.assertEqual(('/dev/sda2', 'xfs', '/home'), result)
-
-    def test_parse_mount_info_no_opts_arg(self):
-        result = util.parse_mount_info('/home', MOUNT_INFO, LOG, False)
-        self.assertEqual(('/dev/sda2', 'xfs', '/home'), result)
-
-    def test_parse_mount_info_with_opts(self):
-        result = util.parse_mount_info('/', MOUNT_INFO, LOG, True)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'ro,relatime'),
-            result
-        )
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.get_mount_info')
-    def test_mount_is_rw(self, m_mount_info):
-        m_mount_info.return_value = ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'rw,relatime')
-        is_rw = util.mount_is_read_write('/')
-        self.assertEqual(is_rw, True)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.get_mount_info')
-    def test_mount_is_ro(self, m_mount_info):
-        m_mount_info.return_value = ('/dev/sda1', 'btrfs', '/', 'ro,relatime')
-        is_rw = util.mount_is_read_write('/')
-        self.assertEqual(is_rw, False)
-
-
-class TestUptime(CiTestCase):
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.boottime')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.os.path.exists')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.time.time')
-    def test_uptime_non_linux_path(self, m_time, m_exists, m_boottime):
-        boottime = 1000.0
-        uptime = 10.0
-        m_boottime.return_value = boottime
-        m_time.return_value = boottime + uptime
-        m_exists.return_value = False
-        result = util.uptime()
-        self.assertEqual(str(uptime), result)
-
-
-class TestShellify(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_input_dict_raises_type_error(self):
-        self.assertRaisesRegex(
-            TypeError, 'Input.*was.*dict.*xpected',
-            util.shellify, {'mykey': 'myval'})
-
-    def test_input_str_raises_type_error(self):
-        self.assertRaisesRegex(
-            TypeError, 'Input.*was.*str.*xpected', util.shellify, "foobar")
-
-    def test_value_with_int_raises_type_error(self):
-        self.assertRaisesRegex(
-            TypeError, 'shellify.*int', util.shellify, ["foo", 1])
-
-    def test_supports_strings_and_lists(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            '\n'.join(["#!/bin/sh", "echo hi mom", "'echo' 'hi dad'",
-                       "'echo' 'hi' 'sis'", ""]),
-            util.shellify(["echo hi mom", ["echo", "hi dad"],
-                           ('echo', 'hi', 'sis')]))
-
-    def test_supports_comments(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            '\n'.join(["#!/bin/sh", "echo start", "echo end", ""]),
-            util.shellify(["echo start", None, "echo end"]))
-
-
-class TestGetHostnameFqdn(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_only_cfg_fqdn(self):
-        """When cfg only has the fqdn key, derive hostname and fqdn from it."""
-        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
-            cfg={'fqdn': 'myhost.domain.com'}, cloud=None)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_fqdn_and_hostname(self):
-        """When cfg has both fqdn and hostname keys, return them."""
-        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
-            cfg={'fqdn': 'myhost.domain.com', 'hostname': 'other'}, cloud=None)
-        self.assertEqual('other', hostname)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_hostname_with_domain(self):
-        """When cfg has only hostname key which represents a fqdn, use that."""
-        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
-            cfg={'hostname': 'myhost.domain.com'}, cloud=None)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost.domain.com', fqdn)
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_cfg_hostname_without_domain(self):
-        """When cfg has a hostname without a '.' query cloud.get_hostname."""
-        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
-        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
-            cfg={'hostname': 'myhost'}, cloud=mycloud)
-        self.assertEqual('myhost', hostname)
-        self.assertEqual('cloudhost.mycloud.com', fqdn)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': False}], mycloud.calls)
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_without_fqdn_or_hostname(self):
-        """When cfg has neither hostname nor fqdn cloud.get_hostname."""
-        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
-        hostname, fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(cfg={}, cloud=mycloud)
-        self.assertEqual('cloudhost', hostname)
-        self.assertEqual('cloudhost.mycloud.com', fqdn)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': False},
-             {'metadata_only': False}], mycloud.calls)
-
-    def test_get_hostname_fqdn_from_passes_metadata_only_to_cloud(self):
-        """Calls to cloud.get_hostname pass the metadata_only parameter."""
-        mycloud = FakeCloud('cloudhost', 'cloudhost.mycloud.com')
-        _hn, _fqdn = util.get_hostname_fqdn(
-            cfg={}, cloud=mycloud, metadata_only=True)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [{'fqdn': True, 'metadata_only': True},
-             {'metadata_only': True}], mycloud.calls)
-
-
-class TestBlkid(CiTestCase):
-    ids = {
-        "id01": "1111-1111",
-        "id02": "22222222-2222",
-        "id03": "33333333-3333",
-        "id04": "44444444-4444",
-        "id05": "55555555-5555-5555-5555-555555555555",
-        "id06": "66666666-6666-6666-6666-666666666666",
-        "id07": "52894610484658920398",
-        "id08": "86753098675309867530",
-        "id09": "99999999-9999-9999-9999-999999999999",
-    }
-
-    blkid_out = dedent("""\
-        /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
-        /dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
-        /dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
-        /dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
-        /dev/sda1: UUID="{id01}" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="{id02}"
-        /dev/sda2: UUID="{id03}" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="{id04}"
-        /dev/sda3: UUID="{id05}" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="{id06}"
-        /dev/sda4: LABEL="default" UUID="{id07}" UUID_SUB="{id08}" """
-                       """TYPE="zfs_member" PARTUUID="{id09}"
-        /dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"
-      """)
-
-    maxDiff = None
-
-    def _get_expected(self):
-        return ({
-            "/dev/loop0": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop0", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
-            "/dev/loop1": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop1", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
-            "/dev/loop2": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop2", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
-            "/dev/loop3": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop3", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
-            "/dev/loop4": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/loop4", "TYPE": "squashfs"},
-            "/dev/sda1": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda1", "TYPE": "vfat",
-                          "UUID": self.ids["id01"],
-                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id02"]},
-            "/dev/sda2": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda2", "TYPE": "ext4",
-                          "UUID": self.ids["id03"],
-                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id04"]},
-            "/dev/sda3": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda3", "TYPE": "ext4",
-                          "UUID": self.ids["id05"],
-                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id06"]},
-            "/dev/sda4": {"DEVNAME": "/dev/sda4", "TYPE": "zfs_member",
-                          "LABEL": "default",
-                          "UUID": self.ids["id07"],
-                          "UUID_SUB": self.ids["id08"],
-                          "PARTUUID": self.ids["id09"]},
-        })
-
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.subp.subp")
-    def test_functional_blkid(self, m_subp):
-        m_subp.return_value = (
-            self.blkid_out.format(**self.ids), "")
-        self.assertEqual(self._get_expected(), util.blkid())
-        m_subp.assert_called_with(["blkid", "-o", "full"], capture=True,
-                                  decode="replace")
-
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.subp.subp")
-    def test_blkid_no_cache_uses_no_cache(self, m_subp):
-        """blkid should turn off cache if disable_cache is true."""
-        m_subp.return_value = (
-            self.blkid_out.format(**self.ids), "")
-        self.assertEqual(self._get_expected(),
-                         util.blkid(disable_cache=True))
-        m_subp.assert_called_with(["blkid", "-o", "full", "-c", "/dev/null"],
-                                  capture=True, decode="replace")
-
-
-@mock.patch('cloudinit.subp.subp')
-class TestUdevadmSettle(CiTestCase):
-    def test_with_no_params(self, m_subp):
-        """called with no parameters."""
-        util.udevadm_settle()
-        m_subp.called_once_with(mock.call(['udevadm', 'settle']))
-
-    def test_with_exists_and_not_exists(self, m_subp):
-        """with exists=file where file does not exist should invoke subp."""
-        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
-        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
-        m_subp.called_once_with(
-            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--exit-if-exists=%s' % mydev])
-
-    def test_with_exists_and_file_exists(self, m_subp):
-        """with exists=file where file does exist should not invoke subp."""
-        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
-        util.write_file(mydev, "foo\n")
-        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
-        self.assertIsNone(m_subp.call_args)
-
-    def test_with_timeout_int(self, m_subp):
-        """timeout can be an integer."""
-        timeout = 9
-        util.udevadm_settle(timeout=timeout)
-        m_subp.called_once_with(
-            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--timeout=%s' % timeout])
-
-    def test_with_timeout_string(self, m_subp):
-        """timeout can be a string."""
-        timeout = "555"
-        util.udevadm_settle(timeout=timeout)
-        m_subp.assert_called_once_with(
-            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--timeout=%s' % timeout])
-
-    def test_with_exists_and_timeout(self, m_subp):
-        """test call with both exists and timeout."""
-        mydev = self.tmp_path("mydev")
-        timeout = "3"
-        util.udevadm_settle(exists=mydev)
-        m_subp.called_once_with(
-            ['udevadm', 'settle', '--exit-if-exists=%s' % mydev,
-             '--timeout=%s' % timeout])
-
-    def test_subp_exception_raises_to_caller(self, m_subp):
-        m_subp.side_effect = subp.ProcessExecutionError("BOOM")
-        self.assertRaises(subp.ProcessExecutionError, util.udevadm_settle)
-
-
-@mock.patch('os.path.exists')
-class TestGetLinuxDistro(CiTestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        # python2 has no lru_cache, and therefore, no cache_clear()
-        if hasattr(util.get_linux_distro, "cache_clear"):
-            util.get_linux_distro.cache_clear()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def os_release_exists(self, path):
-        """Side effect function"""
-        if path == '/etc/os-release':
-            return 1
-
-    @classmethod
-    def redhat_release_exists(self, path):
-        """Side effect function """
-        if path == '/etc/redhat-release':
-            return 1
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_distro_quoted_name(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name if the os-release file has
-        the distro name in quotes"""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_SLES
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('sles', '12.3', platform.machine()), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_distro_bare_name(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name if the os-release file does not
-        have the distro name in quotes"""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_UBUNTU
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('ubuntu', '16.04', 'xenial'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('platform.system')
-    @mock.patch('platform.release')
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util._parse_redhat_release')
-    def test_get_linux_freebsd(self, m_parse_redhat_release,
-                               m_platform_release,
-                               m_platform_system, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on FreeBSD."""
-        m_path_exists.return_value = False
-        m_platform_release.return_value = '12.0-RELEASE-p10'
-        m_platform_system.return_value = 'FreeBSD'
-        m_parse_redhat_release.return_value = {}
-        util.is_BSD.cache_clear()
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('freebsd', '12.0-RELEASE-p10', ''), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_centos6(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on CentOS 6."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_6
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('centos', '6.10', 'Final'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_centos7_redhat_release(self, m_os_release, m_exists):
-        """Verify the correct release info on CentOS 7 without os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_CENTOS_7
-        m_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('centos', '7.5.1804', 'Core'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_redhat7_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify redhat 7 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_REDHAT_7
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '7.5', 'Maipo'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_redhat7_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify redhat 7 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_7
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '7.5', 'Maipo'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_redhat6_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify redhat 6 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_REDHAT_6
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('redhat', '6.10', 'Santiago'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_copr_centos(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on COPR CentOS."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_CENTOS
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('centos', '7', 'Core'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_almalinux8_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify almalinux 8 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_ALMALINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('almalinux', '8.3', 'Purple Manul'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_almalinux8_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify almalinux 8 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_ALMALINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('almalinux', '8.3', 'Purple Manul'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_eurolinux7_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify eurolinux 7 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_7
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('eurolinux', '7.9', 'Minsk'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_eurolinux7_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify eurolinux 7 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_7
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('eurolinux', '7.9', 'Minsk'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_eurolinux8_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify eurolinux 8 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('eurolinux', '8.4', 'Vaduz'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_eurolinux8_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify eurolinux 8 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_EUROLINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('eurolinux', '8.4', 'Vaduz'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_rocky8_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify rocky linux 8 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_ROCKY_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('rocky', '8.3', 'Green Obsidian'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_rocky8_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify rocky linux 8 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_ROCKY_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('rocky', '8.3', 'Green Obsidian'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_virtuozzo8_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify virtuozzo linux 8 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_VIRTUOZZO_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('virtuozzo', '8', 'Virtuozzo Linux'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_virtuozzo8_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify virtuozzo linux 8 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_VIRTUOZZO_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('virtuozzo', '8', 'Virtuozzo Linux'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_cloud8_rhrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify cloudlinux 8 read from redhat-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = REDHAT_RELEASE_CLOUDLINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.redhat_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('cloudlinux', '8.4', 'Valery Rozhdestvensky'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_cloud8_osrelease(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify cloudlinux 8 read from os-release."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_CLOUDLINUX_8
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('cloudlinux', '8.4', 'Valery Rozhdestvensky'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_debian(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and release name on Debian."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_DEBIAN
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('debian', '9', 'stretch'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_openeuler(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify get the correct name and release name on Openeuler."""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENEULER_20
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('openEuler', '20.03', 'LTS-SP2'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_opensuse(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
-           prior to openSUSE Leap 15.
-        """
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('opensuse', '42.3', platform.machine()), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_opensuse_l15(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
-           for openSUSE Leap 15.0 and later.
-        """
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_L15
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('opensuse-leap', '15.0', platform.machine()), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_opensuse_tw(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on openSUSE
-           for openSUSE Tumbleweed
-        """
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_OPENSUSE_TW
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('opensuse-tumbleweed', '20180920', platform.machine()), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('cloudinit.util.load_file')
-    def test_get_linux_photon_os_release(self, m_os_release, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct name and machine arch on PhotonOS"""
-        m_os_release.return_value = OS_RELEASE_PHOTON
-        m_path_exists.side_effect = TestGetLinuxDistro.os_release_exists
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('photon', '4.0', 'VMware Photon OS/Linux'), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('platform.system')
-    @mock.patch('platform.dist', create=True)
-    def test_get_linux_distro_no_data(self, m_platform_dist,
-                                      m_platform_system, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get no information if os-release does not exist"""
-        m_platform_dist.return_value = ('', '', '')
-        m_platform_system.return_value = "Linux"
-        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('', '', ''), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('platform.system')
-    @mock.patch('platform.dist', create=True)
-    def test_get_linux_distro_no_impl(self, m_platform_dist,
-                                      m_platform_system, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get an empty tuple when no information exists and
-        Exceptions are not propagated"""
-        m_platform_dist.side_effect = Exception()
-        m_platform_system.return_value = "Linux"
-        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('', '', ''), dist)
-
-    @mock.patch('platform.system')
-    @mock.patch('platform.dist', create=True)
-    def test_get_linux_distro_plat_data(self, m_platform_dist,
-                                        m_platform_system, m_path_exists):
-        """Verify we get the correct platform information"""
-        m_platform_dist.return_value = ('foo', '1.1', 'aarch64')
-        m_platform_system.return_value = "Linux"
-        m_path_exists.return_value = 0
-        dist = util.get_linux_distro()
-        self.assertEqual(('foo', '1.1', 'aarch64'), dist)
-
-
-class TestGetVariant:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('info, expected_variant', [
-        ({'system': 'Linux', 'dist': ('almalinux',)}, 'almalinux'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('alpine',)}, 'alpine'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('arch',)}, 'arch'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('centos',)}, 'centos'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('cloudlinux',)}, 'cloudlinux'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('debian',)}, 'debian'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('eurolinux',)}, 'eurolinux'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('fedora',)}, 'fedora'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('openEuler',)}, 'openeuler'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('photon',)}, 'photon'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('rhel',)}, 'rhel'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('rocky',)}, 'rocky'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('suse',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('virtuozzo',)}, 'virtuozzo'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('ubuntu',)}, 'ubuntu'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('linuxmint',)}, 'ubuntu'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('mint',)}, 'ubuntu'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('redhat',)}, 'rhel'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('opensuse',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('opensuse-tumbleweed',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('opensuse-leap',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('sles',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('sle_hpc',)}, 'suse'),
-        ({'system': 'linux', 'dist': ('my_distro',)}, 'linux'),
-        ({'system': 'Windows', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'windows'),
-        ({'system': 'Darwin', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'darwin'),
-        ({'system': 'Freebsd', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'freebsd'),
-        ({'system': 'Netbsd', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'netbsd'),
-        ({'system': 'Openbsd', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'openbsd'),
-        ({'system': 'Dragonfly', 'dist': ('dontcare',)}, 'dragonfly'),
-    ])
-    def test_get_variant(self, info, expected_variant):
-        """Verify we get the correct variant name"""
-        assert util._get_variant(info) == expected_variant
-
-
-class TestJsonDumps(CiTestCase):
-    def test_is_str(self):
-        """json_dumps should return a string."""
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(util.json_dumps({'abc': '123'}), str))
-
-    def test_utf8(self):
-        smiley = '\\ud83d\\ude03'
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {'smiley': smiley},
-            json.loads(util.json_dumps({'smiley': smiley})))
-
-    def test_non_utf8(self):
-        blob = b'\xba\x03Qx-#y\xea'
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {'blob': 'ci-b64:' + base64.b64encode(blob).decode('utf-8')},
-            json.loads(util.json_dumps({'blob': blob})))
-
-
-@mock.patch('os.path.exists')
-class TestIsLXD(CiTestCase):
-
-    def test_is_lxd_true_on_sock_device(self, m_exists):
-        """When lxd's /dev/lxd/sock exists, is_lxd returns true."""
-        m_exists.return_value = True
-        self.assertTrue(util.is_lxd())
-        m_exists.assert_called_once_with('/dev/lxd/sock')
-
-    def test_is_lxd_false_when_sock_device_absent(self, m_exists):
-        """When lxd's /dev/lxd/sock is absent, is_lxd returns false."""
-        m_exists.return_value = False
-        self.assertFalse(util.is_lxd())
-        m_exists.assert_called_once_with('/dev/lxd/sock')
-
-
-class TestReadCcFromCmdline:
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "cmdline,expected_cfg",
-        [
-            # Return None if cmdline has no cc:<YAML>end_cc content.
-            (CiTestCase.random_string(), None),
-            # Return None if YAML content is empty string.
-            ('foo cc: end_cc bar', None),
-            # Return expected dictionary without trailing end_cc marker.
-            ('foo cc: ssh_pwauth: true', {'ssh_pwauth': True}),
-            # Return expected dictionary w escaped newline and no end_cc.
-            ('foo cc: ssh_pwauth: true\\n', {'ssh_pwauth': True}),
-            # Return expected dictionary of yaml between cc: and end_cc.
-            ('foo cc: ssh_pwauth: true end_cc bar', {'ssh_pwauth': True}),
-            # Return dict with list value w escaped newline, no end_cc.
-            (
-                'cc: ssh_import_id: [smoser, kirkland]\\n',
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'kirkland']}
-            ),
-            # Parse urlencoded brackets in yaml content.
-            (
-                'cc: ssh_import_id: %5Bsmoser, kirkland%5D end_cc',
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'kirkland']}
-            ),
-            # Parse complete urlencoded yaml content.
-            (
-                'cc: ssh_import_id%3A%20%5Buser1%2C%20user2%5D end_cc',
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['user1', 'user2']}
-            ),
-            # Parse nested dictionary in yaml content.
-            (
-                'cc: ntp: {enabled: true, ntp_client: myclient} end_cc',
-                {'ntp': {'enabled': True, 'ntp_client': 'myclient'}}
-            ),
-            # Parse single mapping value in yaml content.
-            ('cc: ssh_import_id: smoser end_cc', {'ssh_import_id': 'smoser'}),
-            # Parse multiline content with multiple mapping and nested lists.
-            (
-                ('cc: ssh_import_id: [smoser, bob]\\n'
-                 'runcmd: [ [ ls, -l ], echo hi ] end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'bob'],
-                 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l'], 'echo hi']}
-            ),
-            # Parse multiline encoded content w/ mappings and nested lists.
-            (
-                ('cc: ssh_import_id: %5Bsmoser, bob%5D\\n'
-                 'runcmd: [ [ ls, -l ], echo hi ] end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'bob'],
-                 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l'], 'echo hi']}
-            ),
-            # test encoded escaped newlines work.
-            #
-            # unquote(encoded_content)
-            # 'ssh_import_id: [smoser, bob]\\nruncmd: [ [ ls, -l ], echo hi ]'
-            (
-                ('cc: ' +
-                 ('ssh_import_id%3A%20%5Bsmoser%2C%20bob%5D%5Cn'
-                  'runcmd%3A%20%5B%20%5B%20ls%2C%20-l%20%5D%2C'
-                  '%20echo%20hi%20%5D') + ' end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'bob'],
-                 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l'], 'echo hi']}
-            ),
-            # test encoded newlines work.
-            #
-            # unquote(encoded_content)
-            # 'ssh_import_id: [smoser, bob]\nruncmd: [ [ ls, -l ], echo hi ]'
-            (
-                ("cc: " +
-                    ('ssh_import_id%3A%20%5Bsmoser%2C%20bob%5D%0A'
-                     'runcmd%3A%20%5B%20%5B%20ls%2C%20-l%20%5D%2C'
-                     '%20echo%20hi%20%5D') + ' end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'bob'],
-                 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l'], 'echo hi']}
-            ),
-            # Parse and merge multiple yaml content sections.
-            (
-                ('cc:ssh_import_id: [smoser, bob] end_cc '
-                 'cc: runcmd: [ [ ls, -l ] ] end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser', 'bob'],
-                 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l']]}
-            ),
-            # Parse and merge multiple encoded yaml content sections.
-            (
-                ('cc:ssh_import_id%3A%20%5Bsmoser%5D end_cc '
-                 'cc:runcmd%3A%20%5B%20%5B%20ls%2C%20-l%20%5D%20%5D end_cc'),
-                {'ssh_import_id': ['smoser'], 'runcmd': [['ls', '-l']]}
-            ),
-        ]
-    )
-    def test_read_conf_from_cmdline_config(self, expected_cfg, cmdline):
-        assert expected_cfg == util.read_conf_from_cmdline(cmdline=cmdline)
-
-
-class TestMountCb:
-    """Tests for ``util.mount_cb``.
-
-    These tests consider the "unit" under test to be ``util.mount_cb`` and
-    ``util.unmounter``, which is only used by ``mount_cb``.
-
-    TODO: Test default mtype determination
-    TODO: Test the if/else branch that actually performs the mounting operation
-    """
-
-    @pytest.yield_fixture
-    def already_mounted_device_and_mountdict(self):
-        """Mock an already-mounted device, and yield (device, mount dict)"""
-        device = "/dev/fake0"
-        mountpoint = "/mnt/fake"
-        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subp.subp"):
-            with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.mounts") as m_mounts:
-                mounts = {device: {"mountpoint": mountpoint}}
-                m_mounts.return_value = mounts
-                yield device, mounts[device]
-
-    @pytest.fixture
-    def already_mounted_device(self, already_mounted_device_and_mountdict):
-        """already_mounted_device_and_mountdict, but return only the device"""
-        return already_mounted_device_and_mountdict[0]
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "mtype,expected",
-        [
-            # While the filesystem is called iso9660, the mount type is cd9660
-            ("iso9660", "cd9660"),
-            # vfat is generally called "msdos" on BSD
-            ("vfat", "msdos"),
-            # judging from man pages, only FreeBSD has this alias
-            ("msdosfs", "msdos"),
-            # Test happy path
-            ("ufs", "ufs")
-        ],
-    )
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.is_Linux", autospec=True)
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.is_BSD", autospec=True)
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subp.subp")
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.temp_utils.tempdir", autospec=True)
-    def test_normalize_mtype_on_bsd(
-        self, m_tmpdir, m_subp, m_is_BSD, m_is_Linux, mtype, expected
-    ):
-        m_is_BSD.return_value = True
-        m_is_Linux.return_value = False
-        m_tmpdir.return_value.__enter__ = mock.Mock(
-            autospec=True, return_value="/tmp/fake"
-        )
-        m_tmpdir.return_value.__exit__ = mock.Mock(
-            autospec=True, return_value=True
-        )
-        callback = mock.Mock(autospec=True)
-
-        util.mount_cb('/dev/fake0', callback, mtype=mtype)
-        assert mock.call(
-            ["mount", "-o", "ro", "-t", expected, "/dev/fake0", "/tmp/fake"],
-            update_env=None) in m_subp.call_args_list
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize("invalid_mtype", [int(0), float(0.0), dict()])
-    def test_typeerror_raised_for_invalid_mtype(self, invalid_mtype):
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            util.mount_cb(mock.Mock(), mock.Mock(), mtype=invalid_mtype)
-
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subp.subp")
-    def test_already_mounted_does_not_mount_or_umount_anything(
-        self, m_subp, already_mounted_device
-    ):
-        util.mount_cb(already_mounted_device, mock.Mock())
-
-        assert 0 == m_subp.call_count
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize("trailing_slash_in_mounts", ["/", ""])
-    def test_already_mounted_calls_callback(
-        self, trailing_slash_in_mounts, already_mounted_device_and_mountdict
-    ):
-        device, mount_dict = already_mounted_device_and_mountdict
-        mountpoint = mount_dict["mountpoint"]
-        mount_dict["mountpoint"] += trailing_slash_in_mounts
-
-        callback = mock.Mock()
-        util.mount_cb(device, callback)
-
-        # The mountpoint passed to callback should always have a trailing
-        # slash, regardless of the input
-        assert [mock.call(mountpoint + "/")] == callback.call_args_list
-
-    def test_already_mounted_calls_callback_with_data(
-        self, already_mounted_device
-    ):
-        callback = mock.Mock()
-        util.mount_cb(
-            already_mounted_device, callback, data=mock.sentinel.data
-        )
-
-        assert [
-            mock.call(mock.ANY, mock.sentinel.data)
-        ] == callback.call_args_list
-
-
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.util.write_file")
-class TestEnsureFile:
-    """Tests for ``cloudinit.util.ensure_file``."""
-
-    def test_parameters_passed_through(self, m_write_file):
-        """Test the parameters in the signature are passed to write_file."""
-        util.ensure_file(
-            mock.sentinel.path,
-            mode=mock.sentinel.mode,
-            preserve_mode=mock.sentinel.preserve_mode,
-        )
-
-        assert 1 == m_write_file.call_count
-        args, kwargs = m_write_file.call_args
-        assert (mock.sentinel.path,) == args
-        assert mock.sentinel.mode == kwargs["mode"]
-        assert mock.sentinel.preserve_mode == kwargs["preserve_mode"]
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "kwarg,expected",
-        [
-            # Files should be world-readable by default
-            ("mode", 0o644),
-            # The previous behaviour of not preserving mode should be retained
-            ("preserve_mode", False),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_defaults(self, m_write_file, kwarg, expected):
-        """Test that ensure_file defaults appropriately."""
-        util.ensure_file(mock.sentinel.path)
-
-        assert 1 == m_write_file.call_count
-        _args, kwargs = m_write_file.call_args
-        assert expected == kwargs[kwarg]
-
-    def test_static_parameters_are_passed(self, m_write_file):
-        """Test that the static write_files parameters are passed correctly."""
-        util.ensure_file(mock.sentinel.path)
-
-        assert 1 == m_write_file.call_count
-        _args, kwargs = m_write_file.call_args
-        assert "" == kwargs["content"]
-        assert "ab" == kwargs["omode"]
-
-
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.util.grp.getgrnam")
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.util.os.setgid")
-@mock.patch("cloudinit.util.os.umask")
-class TestRedirectOutputPreexecFn:
-    """This tests specifically the preexec_fn used in redirect_output."""
-
-    @pytest.fixture(params=["outfmt", "errfmt"])
-    def preexec_fn(self, request):
-        """A fixture to gather the preexec_fn used by redirect_output.
-
-        This enables simpler direct testing of it, and parameterises any tests
-        using it to cover both the stdout and stderr code paths.
-        """
-        test_string = "| piped output to invoke subprocess"
-        if request.param == "outfmt":
-            args = (test_string, None)
-        elif request.param == "errfmt":
-            args = (None, test_string)
-        with mock.patch("cloudinit.util.subprocess.Popen") as m_popen:
-            util.redirect_output(*args)
-
-        assert 1 == m_popen.call_count
-        _args, kwargs = m_popen.call_args
-        assert "preexec_fn" in kwargs, "preexec_fn not passed to Popen"
-        return kwargs["preexec_fn"]
-
-    def test_preexec_fn_sets_umask(
-        self, m_os_umask, _m_setgid, _m_getgrnam, preexec_fn
-    ):
-        """preexec_fn should set a mask that avoids world-readable files."""
-        preexec_fn()
-
-        assert [mock.call(0o037)] == m_os_umask.call_args_list
-
-    def test_preexec_fn_sets_group_id_if_adm_group_present(
-        self, _m_os_umask, m_setgid, m_getgrnam, preexec_fn
-    ):
-        """We should setgrp to adm if present, so files are owned by them."""
-        fake_group = mock.Mock(gr_gid=mock.sentinel.gr_gid)
-        m_getgrnam.return_value = fake_group
-
-        preexec_fn()
-
-        assert [mock.call("adm")] == m_getgrnam.call_args_list
-        assert [mock.call(mock.sentinel.gr_gid)] == m_setgid.call_args_list
-
-    def test_preexec_fn_handles_absent_adm_group_gracefully(
-        self, _m_os_umask, m_setgid, m_getgrnam, preexec_fn
-    ):
-        """We should handle an absent adm group gracefully."""
-        m_getgrnam.side_effect = KeyError("getgrnam(): name not found: 'adm'")
-
-        preexec_fn()
-
-        assert 0 == m_setgid.call_count
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab
diff --git a/cloudinit/tests/test_version.py b/cloudinit/tests/test_version.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 778a762c..00000000
--- a/cloudinit/tests/test_version.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
-
-from unittest import mock
-
-from cloudinit.tests.helpers import CiTestCase
-from cloudinit import version
-
-
-class TestExportsFeatures(CiTestCase):
-    def test_has_network_config_v1(self):
-        self.assertIn('NETWORK_CONFIG_V1', version.FEATURES)
-
-    def test_has_network_config_v2(self):
-        self.assertIn('NETWORK_CONFIG_V2', version.FEATURES)
-
-
-class TestVersionString(CiTestCase):
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.version._PACKAGED_VERSION",
-                "17.2-3-gb05b9972-0ubuntu1")
-    def test_package_version_respected(self):
-        """If _PACKAGED_VERSION is filled in, then it should be returned."""
-        self.assertEqual("17.2-3-gb05b9972-0ubuntu1", version.version_string())
-
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.version._PACKAGED_VERSION", "@@PACKAGED_VERSION@@")
-    @mock.patch("cloudinit.version.__VERSION__", "17.2")
-    def test_package_version_skipped(self):
-        """If _PACKAGED_VERSION is not modified, then return __VERSION__."""
-        self.assertEqual("17.2", version.version_string())
-
-
-# vi: ts=4 expandtab