diff options
| author | Yuriy Andamasov <yuriy@vyos.io> | 2026-05-10 17:19:31 +0300 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Yuriy Andamasov <yuriy@vyos.io> | 2026-05-10 17:19:31 +0300 |
| commit | 3fd1787d50dda76619647dd95ea6e1d421204734 (patch) | |
| tree | 3e4f5341e2b4c5618ba1fa6b52a5cda63c4c1c29 /docs/configuration/nat | |
| parent | d7e63e1923814a791dadf93453e8c090d26ca896 (diff) | |
| download | vyos-documentation-3fd1787d50dda76619647dd95ea6e1d421204734.tar.gz vyos-documentation-3fd1787d50dda76619647dd95ea6e1d421204734.zip | |
chore: remove RST swap mechanism, archive rst-*.rst under docs/_rst_legacy/
The swap mechanism (RST-as-fallback for migrated MD pages) is dormant —
docs/_rst_overrides.txt has been empty since the MyST flip trio
(#1899/#1900/#1901) landed in May 2026. The mechanism's surface area
(scripts/swap_sources.py, its 245-line test, RTD pre/post hooks,
Makefile glue, conf.py dynamic loader) is dead weight, and the
rst-*.rst shadows scattered across the source tree cause Context7's
parser to misclassify the project as RST.
Changes:
- Move 253 rst-*.rst shadow files into docs/_rst_legacy/ preserving
subdirectory structure. They remain in the repo for reference; Sphinx
excludes the folder via exclude_patterns; Context7 excludes it via
excludeFolders.
- Strip swap_sources.py invocation from docs/Makefile (swap/restore
targets, : swap deps, trap chains).
- Strip jobs: pre_build/post_build block from .readthedocs.yml.
- Strip rst-*.rst exclude entry and the _md_exclude.txt loader from
docs/conf.py; replace with a single _rst_legacy exclude.
- Delete scripts/swap_sources.py, tests/test_swap_sources.py,
docs/_rst_overrides.txt.
- Update context7.json: add docs/_rst_legacy to excludeFolders;
fix stale "Branch current tracks…" rule to "Branch rolling tracks…"
(default branch was renamed 2026-05-10).
- Update AGENTS.md: drop the "RST override mechanism" section and the
test-runner snippet for the deleted test; describe _rst_legacy as
archive only.
Verified: sphinx-build -b html with --keep-going produces identical
warning set (68 unique), identical sitemap entry count (257), identical
llms.txt entry count (22), zero rst-* URLs in any artifact.
🤖 Generated by [robots](https://vyos.io)
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/configuration/nat')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/configuration/nat/rst-cgnat.rst | 196 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/configuration/nat/rst-index.rst | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat44.rst | 826 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat64.rst | 85 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat66.rst | 256 |
5 files changed, 0 insertions, 1377 deletions
diff --git a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-cgnat.rst b/docs/configuration/nat/rst-cgnat.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 1848d45e..00000000 --- a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-cgnat.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,196 +0,0 @@ -.. _cgnat: - -##### -CGNAT -##### - -:abbr:`CGNAT (Carrier-Grade Network Address Translation)` , also known as -Large-Scale NAT (LSN), is a type of network address translation used by -Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to enable multiple private IP addresses to -share a single public IP address. This technique helps to conserve the limited -IPv4 address space. -The 100.64.0.0/10 address block is reserved for use in carrier-grade NAT - -Overview -======== - -CGNAT works by placing a NAT device within the ISP's network. This device -translates private IP addresses from customer networks to a limited pool of -public IP addresses assigned to the ISP. This allows many customers to share a -smaller number of public IP addresses. - -Not all :rfc:`6888` requirements are implemented in CGNAT. - -Implemented the following :rfc:`6888` requirements: - -- REQ 2: A CGN must have a default "IP address pooling" behavior of "Paired". - CGN must use the same external IP address mapping for all sessions associated - with the same internal IP address, be they TCP, UDP, ICMP, something else, - or a mix of different protocols. -- REQ 3: The CGN function should not have any limitations on the size or the - contiguity of the external address pool. -- REQ 4: A CGN must support limiting the number of external ports (or, - equivalently, "identifiers" for ICMP) that are assigned per subscriber - -Advantages of CGNAT -------------------- - -- **IPv4 Address Conservation**: CGNAT helps mitigate the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses by allowing multiple customers to share a single public IP address. -- **Scalability**: ISPs can support more customers without needing a proportional increase in public IP addresses. -- **Cost-Effective**: Reduces the cost associated with acquiring additional public IPv4 addresses. - -Considerations --------------- - -- **Traceability Issues**: Since multiple users share the same public IP address, tracking individual users for security and legal purposes can be challenging. -- **Performance Overheads**: The translation process can introduce latency and potential performance bottlenecks, especially under high load. -- **Application Compatibility**: Some applications and protocols may not work well with CGNAT due to their reliance on unique public IP addresses. -- **Port Allocation Limits**: Each public IP address has a limited number of ports, which can be exhausted, affecting the ability to establish new connections. -- **Port Control Protocol**: PCP is not implemented. - -Port calculation -================ - -When implementing CGNAT, ensuring that there are enough ports allocated per subscriber is critical. Below is a summary based on RFC 6888. - -1. **Total Ports Available**: - - - Total Ports: 65536 (0 to 65535) - - Reserved Ports: Assume 1024 ports are reserved for well-known services and administrative purposes. - - Usable Ports: 65536 - 1024 = 64512 - -2. **Estimate Ports Needed per Subscriber**: - - - Example: A household might need 1000 ports to ensure smooth operation for multiple devices and applications. - -3. **Calculate the Number of Subscribers per Public IP**: - - - Usable Ports / Ports per Subscriber - - 64512 / 1000 ≈ 64 subscribers per public IP - - -Configuration -============= - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat pool external <pool-name> external-port-range <port-range> - - Set an external port-range for the external pool, the default range is - 1024-65535. Multiple entries can be added to the same pool. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat pool external <pool-name> per-user-limit port <num> - - Set external source port limits that will be allocated to each subscriber - individually. The default value is 2000. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat pool external <pool-name> range [address | address range | network] [seq] - - Set the range of external IP addresses for the CGNAT pool. - The sequence is optional; if set, a lower value means higher priority. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat pool internal <pool-name> range [address range | network] - - Set the range of internal IP addresses for the CGNAT pool. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat rule <num> source pool <internal-pool-name> - - Set the rule for the source pool. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat rule <num> translation pool <external-pool-name> - - Set the rule for the translation pool. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat cgnat log-allocation - - Enable logging of IP address and ports allocations. - - -Configuration Examples -====================== - -Single external address ------------------------ - -Example of setting up a basic CGNAT configuration: -In the following example, we define an external pool named `ext-1` with one external IP address - - -Each subscriber will be allocated a maximum of 2000 ports from the external pool. - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 external-port-range '1024-65535' - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 per-user-limit port '2000' - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 range '192.0.2.222/32' - set nat cgnat pool internal int1 range '100.64.0.0/28' - set nat cgnat rule 10 source pool 'int1' - set nat cgnat rule 10 translation pool 'ext1' - -Multiple external addresses ---------------------------- - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 external-port-range '1024-65535' - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 per-user-limit port '8000' - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 range '192.0.2.1-192.0.2.2' - set nat cgnat pool external ext1 range '203.0.113.253-203.0.113.254' - set nat cgnat pool internal int1 range '100.64.0.1-100.64.0.32' - set nat cgnat rule 10 source pool 'int1' - set nat cgnat rule 10 translation pool 'ext1' - -External address sequences ------------------------------------ - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat cgnat pool external ext-01 per-user-limit port '16000' - set nat cgnat pool external ext-01 range 203.0.113.1/32 seq '10' - set nat cgnat pool external ext-01 range 192.0.2.1/32 seq '20' - set nat cgnat pool internal int-01 range '100.64.0.0/29' - set nat cgnat rule 10 source pool 'int-01' - set nat cgnat rule 10 translation pool 'ext-01' - - -Operation commands -================== - -.. opcmd:: show nat cgnat allocation - - Show address and port allocations - -.. opcmd:: show nat cgnat allocation external-address <address> - - Show all allocations for an external IP address - -.. opcmd:: show nat cgnat allocation internal-address <address> - - Show all allocations for an internal IP address - -Show CGNAT allocations ----------------------- - -.. code-block:: none - - vyos@vyos:~$ show nat cgnat allocation - Internal IP External IP Port range - ------------- ------------- ------------ - 100.64.0.0 203.0.113.1 1024-17023 - 100.64.0.1 203.0.113.1 17024-33023 - 100.64.0.2 203.0.113.1 33024-49023 - 100.64.0.3 203.0.113.1 49024-65023 - 100.64.0.4 192.0.2.1 1024-17023 - 100.64.0.5 192.0.2.1 17024-33023 - 100.64.0.6 192.0.2.1 33024-49023 - 100.64.0.7 192.0.2.1 49024-65023 - - vyos@vyos:~$ show nat cgnat allocation internal-address 100.64.0.4 - Internal IP External IP Port range - ------------- ------------- ------------ - 100.64.0.4 192.0.2.1 1024-17023 - - -Further Reading -=============== - -- :rfc:`6598` - IANA-Reserved IPv4 Prefix for Shared Address Space -- :rfc:`6888` - Requirements for CGNAT diff --git a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-index.rst b/docs/configuration/nat/rst-index.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 2ecacc72..00000000 --- a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-index.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ -.. _nat: - -### -NAT -### - -.. toctree:: - :maxdepth: 1 - :includehidden: - - nat44 - nat64 - nat66 - cgnat diff --git a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat44.rst b/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat44.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 63b787ba..00000000 --- a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat44.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,826 +0,0 @@ -.. _nat44: - -##### -NAT44 -##### - -:abbr:`NAT (Network Address Translation)` is a common method of -remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network address -information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across -a traffic routing device. The technique was originally used as a -shortcut to avoid the need to readdress every host when a network was -moved. It has become a popular and essential tool in conserving global -address space in the face of IPv4 address exhaustion. One -Internet-routable IP address of a NAT gateway can be used for an entire -private network. - -IP masquerading is a technique that hides an entire IP address space, -usually consisting of private IP addresses, behind a single IP address -in another, usually public address space. The hidden addresses are -changed into a single (public) IP address as the source address of the -outgoing IP packets so they appear as originating not from the hidden -host but from the routing device itself. Because of the popularity of -this technique to conserve IPv4 address space, the term NAT has become -virtually synonymous with IP masquerading. - -As network address translation modifies the IP address information in -packets, NAT implementations may vary in their specific behavior in -various addressing cases and their effect on network traffic. The -specifics of NAT behavior are not commonly documented by vendors of -equipment containing NAT implementations. - -The computers on an internal network can use any of the addresses set -aside by the :abbr:`IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)` for -private addressing (see :rfc:`1918`). These reserved IP addresses are -not in use on the Internet, so an external machine will not directly -route to them. The following addresses are reserved for private use: - -* 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (CIDR: 10.0.0.0/8) -* 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (CIDR: 172.16.0.0/12) -* 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (CIDR: 192.168.0.0/16) - - -If an ISP deploys a :abbr:`CGN (Carrier-grade NAT)`, and uses -:rfc:`1918` address space to number customer gateways, the risk of -address collision, and therefore routing failures, arises when the -customer network already uses an :rfc:`1918` address space. - -This prompted some ISPs to develop a policy within the :abbr:`ARIN -(American Registry for Internet Numbers)` to allocate new private -address space for CGNs, but ARIN deferred to the IETF before -implementing the policy indicating that the matter was not a typical -allocation issue but a reservation of addresses for technical purposes -(per :rfc:`2860`). - -IETF published :rfc:`6598`, detailing a shared address space for use in -ISP CGN deployments that can handle the same network prefixes occurring -both on inbound and outbound interfaces. ARIN returned address space to -the :abbr:`IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)` for this -allocation. - -The allocated address block is 100.64.0.0/10. - -Devices evaluating whether an IPv4 address is public must be updated to -recognize the new address space. Allocating more private IPv4 address -space for NAT devices might prolong the transition to IPv6. - -Overview -======== - -Different NAT Types -------------------- - -.. _source-nat: - -SNAT -^^^^ - -:abbr:`SNAT (Source Network Address Translation)` is the most common -form of :abbr:`NAT (Network Address Translation)` and is typically -referred to simply as NAT. To be more correct, what most people refer -to as :abbr:`NAT (Network Address Translation)` is actually the process -of :abbr:`PAT (Port Address Translation)`, or NAT overload. SNAT is -typically used by internal users/private hosts to access the Internet -- the source address is translated and thus kept private. - -.. _destination-nat: - -DNAT -^^^^ - -:abbr:`DNAT (Destination Network Address Translation)` changes the -destination address of packets passing through the router, while -:ref:`source-nat` changes the source address of packets. DNAT is -typically used when an external (public) host needs to initiate a -session with an internal (private) host. A customer needs to access a -private service behind the routers public IP. A connection is -established with the routers public IP address on a well known port and -thus all traffic for this port is rewritten to address the internal -(private) host. - -.. _bidirectional-nat: - -Bidirectional NAT -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -This is a common scenario where both :ref:`source-nat` and -:ref:`destination-nat` are configured at the same time. It's commonly -used when internal (private) hosts need to establish a connection with -external resources and external systems need to access internal -(private) resources. - -NAT, Routing, Firewall Interaction ----------------------------------- - -There is a very nice picture/explanation in the Vyatta documentation -which should be rewritten here. - -NAT Ruleset ------------ - -:abbr:`NAT (Network Address Translation)` is configured entirely on a -series of so called `rules`. Rules are numbered and evaluated by the -underlying OS in numerical order! The rule numbers can be changes by -utilizing the :cfgcmd:`rename` and :cfgcmd:`copy` commands. - -.. note:: Changes to the NAT system only affect newly established - connections. Already established connections are not affected. - -.. hint:: When designing your NAT ruleset leave some space between - consecutive rules for later extension. Your ruleset could start with - numbers 10, 20, 30. You thus can later extend the ruleset and place - new rules between existing ones. - -Rules will be created for both :ref:`source-nat` and -:ref:`destination-nat`. - -For :ref:`bidirectional-nat` a rule for both :ref:`source-nat` and -:ref:`destination-nat` needs to be created. - -.. _traffic-filters: - -Traffic Filters ---------------- - -Traffic Filters are used to control which packets will have the defined -NAT rules applied. Five different filters can be applied within a NAT -rule. - -* **outbound-interface** - applicable only to :ref:`source-nat`. It - configures the interface which is used for the outside traffic that - this translation rule applies to. Interface groups, inverted - selection and wildcard, are also supported. - - Examples: - - .. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 20 outbound-interface name eth0 - set nat source rule 30 outbound-interface name bond1* - set nat source rule 20 outbound-interface name !vtun2 - set nat source rule 20 outbound-interface group GROUP1 - set nat source rule 20 outbound-interface group !GROUP2 - - -* **inbound-interface** - applicable only to :ref:`destination-nat`. It - configures the interface which is used for the inside traffic the - translation rule applies to. Interface groups, inverted - selection and wildcard, are also supported. - - Example: - - .. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 20 inbound-interface name eth0 - set nat destination rule 30 inbound-interface name bond1* - set nat destination rule 20 inbound-interface name !vtun2 - set nat destination rule 20 inbound-interface group GROUP1 - set nat destination rule 20 inbound-interface group !GROUP2 - - -* **protocol** - specify which types of protocols this translation rule - applies to. Only packets matching the specified protocol are NATed. - By default this applies to `all` protocols. - - Example: - - * Set SNAT rule 20 to only NAT TCP and UDP packets - * Set DNAT rule 20 to only NAT UDP packets - - .. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 20 protocol tcp_udp - set nat destination rule 20 protocol udp - -* **source** - specifies which packets the NAT translation rule applies - to based on the packets source IP address and/or source port. Only - matching packets are considered for NAT. - - Example: - - * Set SNAT rule 20 to only NAT packets arriving from the 192.0.2.0/24 - network - * Set SNAT rule 30 to only NAT packets arriving from the 203.0.113.0/24 - network with a source port of 80 and 443 - - .. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 20 source address 192.0.2.0/24 - set nat source rule 30 source address 203.0.113.0/24 - set nat source rule 30 source port 80,443 - - -* **destination** - specify which packets the translation will be - applied to, only based on the destination address and/or port number - configured. - - .. note:: If no destination is specified the rule will match on any - destination address and port. - - Example: - - * Configure SNAT rule (40) to only NAT packets with a destination - address of 192.0.2.1. - - .. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 40 destination address 192.0.2.1 - - -Address Conversion ------------------- - -Every NAT rule has a translation command defined. The address defined -for the translation is the address used when the address information in -a packet is replaced. - -Source Address -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -For :ref:`source-nat` rules the packets source address will be replaced -with the address specified in the translation command. A port -translation can also be specified and is part of the translation -address. - -.. note:: The translation address must be set to one of the available - addresses on the configured `outbound-interface` or it must be set to - `masquerade` which will use the primary IP address of the - `outbound-interface` as its translation address. - -.. note:: When using NAT for a large number of host systems it - recommended that a minimum of 1 IP address is used to NAT every 256 - private host systems. This is due to the limit of 65,000 port numbers - available for unique translations and a reserving an average of - 200-300 sessions per host system. - -Example: - -* Define a discrete source IP address of 100.64.0.1 for SNAT rule 20 -* Use address `masquerade` (the interfaces primary address) on rule 30 -* For a large amount of private machines behind the NAT your address - pool might to be bigger. Use any address in the range 100.64.0.10 - - 100.64.0.20 on SNAT rule 40 when doing the translation - - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 20 translation address 100.64.0.1 - set nat source rule 30 translation address 'masquerade' - set nat source rule 40 translation address 100.64.0.10-100.64.0.20 - - -Destination Address -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -For :ref:`destination-nat` rules the packets destination address will be -replaced by the specified address in the `translation address` command. - -Example: - -* DNAT rule 10 replaces the destination address of an inbound packet - with 192.0.2.10 - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 10 translation address 192.0.2.10 - - -Also, in :ref:`destination-nat`, redirection to localhost is supported. -The redirect statement is a special form of dnat which always translates -the destination address to the local host’s one. - -Example of redirection: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 10 translation redirect port 22 - -NAT Load Balance ----------------- - -Advanced configuration can be used in order to apply source or destination NAT, -and within a single rule, be able to define multiple translated addresses, -so NAT balances the translations among them. - -NAT Load Balance uses an algorithm that generates a hash and based on it, then -it applies corresponding translation. This hash can be generated randomly, or -can use data from the ip header: source-address, destination-address, -source-port and/or destination-port. By default, it will generate the hash -randomly. - -When defining the translated address, called ``backends``, a ``weight`` must -be configured. This lets the user define load balance distribution according -to their needs. Them sum of all the weights defined for the backends should -be equal to 100. In oder words, the weight defined for the backend is the -percentage of the connections that will receive such backend. - -.. cfgcmd:: set nat [source | destination] rule <rule> load-balance hash - [source-address | destination-address | source-port | destination-port - | random] -.. cfgcmd:: set nat [source | destination] rule <rule> load-balance backend - <x.x.x.x> weight <1-100> - - -Configuration Examples -====================== - -To setup SNAT, we need to know: - -* The internal IP addresses we want to translate -* The outgoing interface to perform the translation on -* The external IP address to translate to - -In the example used for the Quick Start configuration above, we -demonstrate the following configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 100 outbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat source rule 100 source address '192.168.0.0/24' - set nat source rule 100 translation address 'masquerade' - -Which generates the following configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - rule 100 { - outbound-interface { - name eth0 - } - source { - address 192.168.0.0/24 - } - translation { - address masquerade - } - } - -In this example, we use **masquerade** as the translation address -instead of an IP address. The **masquerade** target is effectively an -alias to say "use whatever IP address is on the outgoing interface", -rather than a statically configured IP address. This is useful if you -use DHCP for your outgoing interface and do not know what the external -address will be. - -When using NAT for a large number of host systems it recommended that a -minimum of 1 IP address is used to NAT every 256 host systems. This is -due to the limit of 65,000 port numbers available for unique -translations and a reserving an average of 200-300 sessions per host -system. - -Example: For an ~8,000 host network a source NAT pool of 32 IP addresses -is recommended. - -A pool of addresses can be defined by using a hyphen between two IP -addresses: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 100 translation address '203.0.113.32-203.0.113.63' - -.. _avoidng_leaky_nat: - -Avoiding "leaky" NAT --------------------- - -Linux netfilter will not NAT traffic marked as INVALID. This often -confuses people into thinking that Linux (or specifically VyOS) has a -broken NAT implementation because non-NATed traffic is seen leaving an -external interface. This is actually working as intended, and a packet -capture of the "leaky" traffic should reveal that the traffic is either -an additional TCP "RST", "FIN,ACK", or "RST,ACK" sent by client systems -after Linux netfilter considers the connection closed. The most common -is the additional TCP RST some host implementations send after -terminating a connection (which is implementation-specific). - -In other words, connection tracking has already observed the connection -be closed and has transition the flow to INVALID to prevent attacks from -attempting to reuse the connection. - -You can avoid the "leaky" behavior by using a firewall policy that drops -"invalid" state packets. - -Having control over the matching of INVALID state traffic, e.g. the -ability to selectively log, is an important troubleshooting tool for -observing broken protocol behavior. For this reason, VyOS does not -globally drop invalid state traffic, instead allowing the operator to -make the determination on how the traffic is handled. - -.. _hairpin_nat_reflection: - -Hairpin NAT/NAT Reflection --------------------------- - -A typical problem with using NAT and hosting public servers is the -ability for internal systems to reach an internal server using it's -external IP address. The solution to this is usually the use of -split-DNS to correctly point host systems to the internal address when -requests are made internally. Because many smaller networks lack DNS -infrastructure, a work-around is commonly deployed to facilitate the -traffic by NATing the request from internal hosts to the source address -of the internal interface on the firewall. - -This technique is commonly referred to as NAT Reflection or Hairpin NAT. - -Example: - -* Redirect Microsoft RDP traffic from the outside (WAN, external) world - via :ref:`destination-nat` in rule 100 to the internal, private host - 192.0.2.40. - -* Redirect Microsoft RDP traffic from the internal (LAN, private) - network via :ref:`destination-nat` in rule 110 to the internal, - private host 192.0.2.40. We also need a :ref:`source-nat` rule 110 for - the reverse path of the traffic. The internal network 192.0.2.0/24 is - reachable via interface `eth0.10`. - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 100 description 'Regular destination NAT from external' - set nat destination rule 100 destination port '3389' - set nat destination rule 100 inbound-interface name 'pppoe0' - set nat destination rule 100 protocol 'tcp' - set nat destination rule 100 translation address '192.0.2.40' - - set nat destination rule 110 description 'NAT Reflection: INSIDE' - set nat destination rule 110 destination port '3389' - set nat destination rule 110 inbound-interface name 'eth0.10' - set nat destination rule 110 protocol 'tcp' - set nat destination rule 110 translation address '192.0.2.40' - - set nat source rule 110 description 'NAT Reflection: INSIDE' - set nat source rule 110 destination address '192.0.2.0/24' - set nat source rule 110 outbound-interface name 'eth0.10' - set nat source rule 110 protocol 'tcp' - set nat source rule 110 source address '192.0.2.0/24' - set nat source rule 110 translation address 'masquerade' - -Which results in a configuration of: - -.. code-block:: none - - vyos@vyos# show nat - destination { - rule 100 { - description "Regular destination NAT from external" - destination { - port 3389 - } - inbound-interface { - name pppoe0 - } - protocol tcp - translation { - address 192.0.2.40 - } - } - rule 110 { - description "NAT Reflection: INSIDE" - destination { - port 3389 - } - inbound-interface { - name eth0.10 - } - protocol tcp - translation { - address 192.0.2.40 - } - } - } - source { - rule 110 { - description "NAT Reflection: INSIDE" - destination { - address 192.0.2.0/24 - } - outbound-interface { - name eth0.10 - } - protocol tcp - source { - address 192.0.2.0/24 - } - translation { - address masquerade - } - } - } - - -Destination NAT ---------------- - -DNAT is typically referred to as a **Port Forward**. When using VyOS as -a NAT router and firewall, a common configuration task is to redirect -incoming traffic to a system behind the firewall. - -In this example, we will be using the example Quick Start configuration -above as a starting point. - -To setup a destination NAT rule we need to gather: - -* The interface traffic will be coming in on; -* The protocol and port we wish to forward; -* The IP address of the internal system we wish to forward traffic to. - -In our example, we will be forwarding web server traffic to an internal -web server on 192.168.0.100. HTTP traffic makes use of the TCP protocol -on port 80. For other common port numbers, see: -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers - -Our configuration commands would be: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 10 description 'Port Forward: HTTP to 192.168.0.100' - set nat destination rule 10 destination port '80' - set nat destination rule 10 inbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat destination rule 10 protocol 'tcp' - set nat destination rule 10 translation address '192.168.0.100' - -Which would generate the following NAT destination configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - nat { - destination { - rule 10 { - description "Port Forward: HTTP to 192.168.0.100" - destination { - port 80 - } - inbound-interface { - name eth0 - } - protocol tcp - translation { - address 192.168.0.100 - } - } - } - } - -.. note:: If forwarding traffic to a different port than it is arriving - on, you may also configure the translation port using - `set nat destination rule [n] translation port`. - -This establishes our Port Forward rule, but if we created a firewall -policy it will likely block the traffic. - -Firewall rules for Destination NAT -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -It is important to note that when creating firewall rules, the DNAT -translation occurs **before** traffic traverses the firewall. In other -words, the destination address has already been translated to -192.168.0.100. - -So in our firewall ruleset, we want to allow traffic which previously matched -a destination nat rule. In order to avoid creating many rules, one for each -destination nat rule, we can accept all **'dnat'** connections with one simple -rule, using ``connection-status`` matcher: - -.. code-block:: none - - set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 action accept - set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 connection-status nat destination - set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 state new - -This would generate the following configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - ipv4 { - forward { - filter { - rule 10 { - action accept - connection-status { - nat destination - } - state new - } - } - } - } - - -1-to-1 NAT ----------- - -Another term often used for DNAT is **1-to-1 NAT**. For a 1-to-1 NAT -configuration, both DNAT and SNAT are used to NAT all traffic from an -external IP address to an internal IP address and vice-versa. - -Typically, a 1-to-1 NAT rule omits the destination port (all ports) and -replaces the protocol with either **all** or **ip**. - -Then a corresponding SNAT rule is created to NAT outgoing traffic for -the internal IP to a reserved external IP. This dedicates an external IP -address to an internal IP address and is useful for protocols which -don't have the notion of ports, such as GRE. - -Here's an extract of a simple 1-to-1 NAT configuration with one internal -and one external interface: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '192.168.1.1/24' - set interfaces ethernet eth0 description 'Inside interface' - set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '192.0.2.30/24' - set interfaces ethernet eth1 description 'Outside interface' - set nat destination rule 2000 description '1-to-1 NAT example' - set nat destination rule 2000 destination address '192.0.2.30' - set nat destination rule 2000 inbound-interface name 'eth1' - set nat destination rule 2000 translation address '192.168.1.10' - set nat source rule 2000 description '1-to-1 NAT example' - set nat source rule 2000 outbound-interface name 'eth1' - set nat source rule 2000 source address '192.168.1.10' - set nat source rule 2000 translation address '192.0.2.30' - -Firewall rules are written as normal, using the internal IP address as -the source of outbound rules and the destination of inbound rules. - -NAT before VPN --------------- - -Some application service providers (ASPs) operate a VPN gateway to -provide access to their internal resources, and require that a -connecting organisation translate all traffic to the service provider -network to a source address provided by the ASP. - -Load Balance ------------- -Here we provide two examples on how to apply NAT Load Balance. - -First scenario: apply destination NAT for all HTTP traffic comming through -interface eth0, and user 4 backends. First backend should received 30% of -the request, second backend should get 20%, third 15% and the fourth 35% -We will use source and destination address for hash generation. - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat destination rule 10 inbound-interface name eth0 - set nat destination rule 10 protocol tcp - set nat destination rule 10 destination port 80 - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance hash source-address - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance hash destination-address - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance backend 198.51.100.101 weight 30 - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance backend 198.51.100.102 weight 20 - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance backend 198.51.100.103 weight 15 - set nat destination rule 10 load-balance backend 198.51.100.104 weight 35 - -Second scenario: apply source NAT for all outgoing connections from -LAN 10.0.0.0/8, using 3 public addresses and equal distribution. -We will generate the hash randomly. - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 10 outbound-interface name eth0 - set nat source rule 10 source address 10.0.0.0/8 - set nat source rule 10 load-balance hash random - set nat source rule 10 load-balance backend 192.0.2.251 weight 33 - set nat source rule 10 load-balance backend 192.0.2.252 weight 33 - set nat source rule 10 load-balance backend 192.0.2.253 weight 34 - -Example Network -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -Here's one example of a network environment for an ASP. -The ASP requests that all connections from this company should come from -172.29.41.89 - an address that is assigned by the ASP and not in use at -the customer site. - -.. figure:: /_static/images/nat_before_vpn_topology.* - :scale: 100 % - :alt: NAT before VPN Topology - - NAT before VPN Topology - - -Configuration -^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -The required configuration can be broken down into 4 major pieces: - -* A dummy interface for the provider-assigned IP; -* NAT (specifically, Source NAT); -* IPSec IKE and ESP Groups; -* IPSec VPN tunnels. - - -Dummy interface -""""""""""""""" - -The dummy interface allows us to have an equivalent of the Cisco IOS -Loopback interface - a router-internal interface we can use for IP -addresses the router must know about, but which are not actually -assigned to a real network. - -We only need a single step for this interface: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces dummy dum0 address '172.29.41.89/32' - -NAT Configuration -""""""""""""""""" - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat source rule 110 description 'Internal to ASP' - set nat source rule 110 destination address '172.27.1.0/24' - set nat source rule 110 source address '192.168.43.0/24' - set nat source rule 110 translation address '172.29.41.89' - set nat source rule 120 description 'Internal to ASP' - set nat source rule 120 destination address '10.125.0.0/16' - set nat source rule 120 source address '192.168.43.0/24' - set nat source rule 120 translation address '172.29.41.89' - -IPSec IKE and ESP -""""""""""""""""" - -The ASP has documented their IPSec requirements: - -* IKE Phase: - - * aes256 Encryption - * sha256 Hashes - -* ESP Phase: - - * aes256 Encryption - * sha256 Hashes - * DH Group 14 - - -Additionally, we want to use VPNs only on our eth1 interface (the -external interface in the image above) - -.. code-block:: none - - set vpn ipsec ike-group my-ike key-exchange 'ikev1' - set vpn ipsec ike-group my-ike lifetime '7800' - set vpn ipsec ike-group my-ike proposal 1 dh-group '14' - set vpn ipsec ike-group my-ike proposal 1 encryption 'aes256' - set vpn ipsec ike-group my-ike proposal 1 hash 'sha256' - - set vpn ipsec esp-group my-esp lifetime '3600' - set vpn ipsec esp-group my-esp mode 'tunnel' - set vpn ipsec esp-group my-esp pfs 'disable' - set vpn ipsec esp-group my-esp proposal 1 encryption 'aes256' - set vpn ipsec esp-group my-esp proposal 1 hash 'sha256' - - set vpn ipsec interface 'eth1' - -IPSec VPN Tunnels -""""""""""""""""" - -We'll use the IKE and ESP groups created above for this VPN. Because we -need access to 2 different subnets on the far side, we will need two -different tunnels. If you changed the names of the ESP group and IKE -group in the previous step, make sure you use the correct names here -too. - -.. code-block:: none - - set vpn ipsec authentication psk vyos id '203.0.113.46' - set vpn ipsec authentication psk vyos id '198.51.100.243' - set vpn ipsec authentication psk vyos secret 'MYSECRETPASSWORD' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch authentication local-id '203.0.113.46' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch authentication mode 'pre-shared-secret' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch authentication remote-id '198.51.100.243' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch connection-type 'initiate' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch default-esp-group 'my-esp' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch ike-group 'my-ike' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch ikev2-reauth 'inherit' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch local-address '203.0.113.46' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch remote-address '198.51.100.243' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch tunnel 0 local prefix '172.29.41.89/32' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch tunnel 0 remote prefix '172.27.1.0/24' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch tunnel 1 local prefix '172.29.41.89/32' - set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer branch tunnel 1 remote prefix '10.125.0.0/16' - -Testing and Validation -"""""""""""""""""""""" - -If you've completed all the above steps you no doubt want to see if it's -all working. - -Start by checking for IPSec SAs (Security Associations) with: - -.. code-block:: none - - $ show vpn ipsec sa - - Peer ID / IP Local ID / IP - ------------ ------------- - 198.51.100.243 203.0.113.46 - - Tunnel State Bytes Out/In Encrypt Hash NAT-T A-Time L-Time Proto - ------ ----- ------------- ------- ---- ----- ------ ------ ----- - 0 up 0.0/0.0 aes256 sha256 no 1647 3600 all - 1 up 0.0/0.0 aes256 sha256 no 865 3600 all - -That looks good - we defined 2 tunnels and they're both up and running. diff --git a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat64.rst b/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat64.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 04ba56f4..00000000 --- a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat64.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,85 +0,0 @@ -.. _nat64: - -##### -NAT64 -##### - -:abbr:`NAT64 (IPv6-to-IPv4 Prefix Translation)` is a critical component in -modern networking, facilitating communication between IPv6 and IPv4 networks. -This documentation outlines the setup, configuration, and usage of the NAT64 -feature in your project. Whether you are transitioning to IPv6 or need to -seamlessly connect IPv4 and IPv6 devices. -NAT64 is a stateful translation mechanism that translates IPv6 addresses to -IPv4 addresses and IPv4 addresses to IPv6 addresses. NAT64 is used to enable -IPv6-only clients to contact IPv4 servers using unicast UDP, TCP, or ICMP. - - -Overview -======== - -Different NAT Types -------------------- - -.. _source-nat64: - -SNAT64 -^^^^^^ - -:abbr:`SNAT64 (IPv6-to-IPv4 Source Address Translation)` is a stateful -translation mechanism that translates IPv6 addresses to IPv4 addresses. - -``64:ff9b::/96`` is the well-known prefix for IPv4-embedded IPv6 addresses. -The prefix is used to represent IPv4 addresses in an IPv6 address format. -The IPv4 address is encoded in the low-order 32 bits of the IPv6 address. -The high-order 32 bits are set to the well-known prefix 64:ff9b::/96. - - -Configuration Examples -====================== - -The following examples show how to configure NAT64 on a VyOS router. -The 192.0.2.10 address is used as the IPv4 address for the translation pool. - - -NAT64 server configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '192.0.2.1/24' - set interfaces ethernet eth0 address '192.0.2.10/24' - set interfaces ethernet eth0 description 'WAN' - set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '2001:db8::1/64' - set interfaces ethernet eth1 description 'LAN' - - set service dns forwarding allow-from '2001:db8::/64' - set service dns forwarding dns64-prefix '64:ff9b::/96' - set service dns forwarding listen-address '2001:db8::1' - - set nat64 source rule 100 source prefix '64:ff9b::/96' - set nat64 source rule 100 translation pool 10 address '192.0.2.10' - set nat64 source rule 100 translation pool 10 port '1-65535' - -NAT64 client configuration: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces ethernet eth1 address '2001:db8::2/64' - set protocols static route6 64:ff9b::/96 next-hop 2001:db8::1 - set system name-server '2001:db8::1' - -Test from the IPv6 only client: - -.. stop_vyoslinter - -.. code-block:: none - - vyos@r1:~$ ping 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1 count 2 - PING 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1(64:ff9b::c000:201) 56 data bytes - 64 bytes from 64:ff9b::c000:201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.351 ms - 64 bytes from 64:ff9b::c000:201: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.373 ms - - --- 64:ff9b::192.0.2.1 ping statistics --- - 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1023ms - rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.351/0.362/0.373/0.011 ms - -.. start_vyoslinter diff --git a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat66.rst b/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat66.rst deleted file mode 100644 index aecce524..00000000 --- a/docs/configuration/nat/rst-nat66.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,256 +0,0 @@ -.. _nat66: - -############ -NAT66(NPTv6) -############ - -.. TODO:: Convert raw command blocks in this file to cfgcmd/opcmd - directives for command coverage tracking. - -:abbr:`NPTv6 (IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation)` is an address -translation technology based on IPv6 networks, used to convert an IPv6 -address prefix in an IPv6 message into another IPv6 address prefix. -We call this address translation method NAT66. Devices that support the NAT66 -function are called NAT66 devices, which can provide NAT66 source -and destination address translation functions. - -Overview -======== - -Different NAT Types -------------------- - -.. _source-nat66: - -SNAT66 -^^^^^^ - -:abbr:`SNPTv6 (Source IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation)` The conversion -function is mainly used in the following scenarios: - -* A single internal network and external network. Use the NAT66 device to - connect a single internal network and public network, and the hosts in - the internal network use IPv6 address prefixes that only support - routing within the local range. When a host in the internal network - accesses the external network, the source IPv6 address prefix in - the message will be converted into a global unicast IPv6 address - prefix by the NAT66 device. -* Redundancy and load sharing. There are multiple NAT66 devices at the edge - of an IPv6 network to another IPv6 network. The path through the NAT66 - device to another IPv6 network forms an equivalent route, and traffic - can be load-shared on these NAT66 devices. In this case, you - can configure the same source address translation rules on these - NAT66 devices, so that any NAT66 device can handle IPv6 traffic between - different sites. -* Multi-homed. In a multi-homed network environment, the NAT66 device - connects to an internal network and simultaneously connects to - different external networks. Address translation can be configured - on each external network side interface of the NAT66 device to - convert the same internal network address into different external - network addresses, and realize the mapping of the same internal - address to multiple external addresses. - -.. _destination-nat66: - -DNAT66 -^^^^^^ - -The :abbr:`DNPTv6 (Destination IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation)` -destination address translation function is used in scenarios where the -server in the internal network provides services to the external network, -such as providing Web services or FTP services to the external network. -By configuring the mapping relationship between the internal server -address and the external network address on the external network -side interface of the NAT66 device, external network users can -access the internal network server through the designated -external network address. - -Prefix Conversion ------------------- - -Source Prefix -^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -Every SNAT66 rule has a translation command defined. The prefix defined -for the translation is the prefix used when the address information in -a packet is replaced.、 - -The :ref:`source-nat66` rule replaces the source address of the packet -and calculates the converted address using the prefix specified in the rule. - -Example: - -* Convert the address prefix of a single `fc01::/64` network to `fc00::/64` -* Output from `eth0` network interface - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat66 source rule 1 outbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat66 source rule 1 source prefix 'fc01::/64' - set nat66 source rule 1 translation address 'fc00::/64' - -Destination Prefix -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - -For the :ref:`destination-nat66` rule, the destination address of -the packet isreplaced by the address calculated from the specified -address or prefix in the `translation address` command - -Example: - -* Convert the address prefix of a single `fc00::/64` network - to `fc01::/64` -* Input from `eth0` network interface - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat66 destination rule 1 inbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat66 destination rule 1 destination address 'fc00::/64' - set nat66 destination rule 1 translation address 'fc01::/64' - -For the destination, groups can also be used instead of an address. - -Example: - -.. code-block:: none - - set firewall group ipv6-address-group ADR-INSIDE-v6 address fc00::1 - - set nat66 destination rule 1 inbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat66 destination rule 1 destination group address-group ADR-INSIDE-v6 - set nat66 destination rule 1 translation address 'fc01::/64' - -Configuration Examples -====================== - -Use the following topology to build a nat66 based isolated -network between internal and external networks (dynamic prefix is -not supported): - -.. figure:: /_static/images/vyos_1_4_nat66_simple.* - :alt: VyOS NAT66 Simple Configure - -R1: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces ethernet eth0 ipv6 address autoconf - set interfaces ethernet eth1 address 'fc01::1/64' - set nat66 destination rule 1 destination address 'fc00:470:f1cd:101::/64' - set nat66 destination rule 1 inbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat66 destination rule 1 translation address 'fc01::/64' - set nat66 source rule 1 outbound-interface name 'eth0' - set nat66 source rule 1 source prefix 'fc01::/64' - set nat66 source rule 1 translation address 'fc00:470:f1cd:101::/64' - -R2: - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces bridge br1 address 'fc01::2/64' - set interfaces bridge br1 member interface eth0 - set interfaces bridge br1 member interface eth1 - set protocols static route6 ::/0 next-hop fc01::1 - set service router-advert interface br1 prefix ::/0 - - -Use the following topology to translate internal user local addresses -(``fc::/7``) to DHCPv6-PD provided prefixes from an ISP connected to -a VyOS HA pair. - -.. figure:: /_static/images/vyos_1_5_nat66_dhcpv6_wdummy.* - :alt: VyOS NAT66 DHCPv6 using a dummy interface - -Configure both routers (a and b) for DHCPv6-PD via dummy interface: - -.. stop_vyoslinter - -.. code-block:: none - - set interfaces dummy dum1 description 'DHCPv6-PD NPT dummy' - set interfaces bonding bond0 vif 20 dhcpv6-options pd 0 interface dum1 address '0' - set interfaces bonding bond0 vif 20 dhcpv6-options pd 1 interface dum1 address '0' - set interfaces bonding bond0 vif 20 dhcpv6-options pd 2 interface dum1 address '0' - set interfaces bonding bond0 vif 20 dhcpv6-options pd 3 interface dum1 address '0' - set interfaces bonding bond0 vif 20 dhcpv6-options rapid-commit - commit - -.. start_vyoslinter - -Get the DHCPv6-PD prefixes from both routers: - -.. code-block:: none - - trae@cr01a-vyos# run show interfaces dummy dum1 br - Codes: S - State, L - Link, u - Up, D - Down, A - Admin Down - Interface IP Address S/L Description - --------- ---------- --- ----------- - dum1 2001:db8:123:b008::/64 u/u DHCPv6-PD NPT dummy - 2001:db8:123:b00a::/64 - 2001:db8:123:b00b::/64 - 2001:db8:123:b009::/64 - - trae@cr01b-vyos# run show int dummy dum1 brief - Codes: S - State, L - Link, u - Up, D - Down, A - Admin Down - Interface IP Address S/L Description - --------- ---------- --- ----------- - dum1 2001:db8:123:b00d::/64 u/u DHCPv6-PD NPT dummy - 2001:db8:123:b00c::/64 - 2001:db8:123:b00e::/64 - 2001:db8:123:b00f::/64 - -Configure the A-side router for NPTv6 using the prefixes above: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat66 source rule 10 description 'NPT to VLAN 10' - set nat66 source rule 10 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 10 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:a::/64' - set nat66 source rule 10 translation address '2001:db8:123:b008::/64' - set nat66 source rule 20 description 'NPT to VLAN 70' - set nat66 source rule 20 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 20 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:46::/64' - set nat66 source rule 20 translation address '2001:db8:123:b009::/64' - set nat66 source rule 30 description 'NPT to VLAN 200' - set nat66 source rule 30 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 30 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:c8::/64' - set nat66 source rule 30 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00a::/64' - set nat66 source rule 40 description 'NPT to VLAN 240' - set nat66 source rule 40 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 40 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:f0::/64' - set nat66 source rule 40 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00b::/64' - commit - -Configure the B-side router for NPTv6 using the prefixes above: - -.. code-block:: none - - set nat66 source rule 10 description 'NPT to VLAN 10' - set nat66 source rule 10 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 10 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:a::/64' - set nat66 source rule 10 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00c::/64' - set nat66 source rule 20 description 'NPT to VLAN 70' - set nat66 source rule 20 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 20 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:46::/64' - set nat66 source rule 20 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00d::/64' - set nat66 source rule 30 description 'NPT to VLAN 200' - set nat66 source rule 30 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 30 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:c8::/64' - set nat66 source rule 30 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00e::/64' - set nat66 source rule 40 description 'NPT to VLAN 240' - set nat66 source rule 40 outbound-interface name 'bond0.20' - set nat66 source rule 40 source prefix 'fd52:d62e:8011:f0::/64' - set nat66 source rule 40 translation address '2001:db8:123:b00f::/64' - commit - -Verify that connections are hitting the rule on both sides: - -.. code-block:: none - - trae@cr01a-vyos# run show nat66 source statistics - Rule Packets Bytes Interface - ------ --------- ------- ----------- - 10 1 104 bond0.20 - 20 1 104 bond0.20 - 30 8093 669445 bond0.20 - 40 2446 216912 bond0.20 |
