New upstream release.

1 files changed, 2032 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/libcharon/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c b/src/libcharon/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b8c1b879
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libcharon/plugins/kernel_netlink/kernel_netlink_ipsec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2032 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2009 Tobias Brunner
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Martin Willi
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Andreas Steffen
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Fabian Hartmann, Noah Heusser
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Daniel Roethlisberger
+ * Copyright (C) 2005 Jan Hutter
+ * Hochschule fuer Technik Rapperswil
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <linux/ipsec.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <linux/xfrm.h>
+#include <linux/udp.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#include "kernel_netlink_ipsec.h"
+#include "kernel_netlink_shared.h"
+
+#include <daemon.h>
+#include <threading/thread.h>
+#include <threading/mutex.h>
+#include <utils/hashtable.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/callback_job.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/acquire_job.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/migrate_job.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/rekey_child_sa_job.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/delete_child_sa_job.h>
+#include <processing/jobs/update_sa_job.h>
+
+/** required for Linux 2.6.26 kernel and later */
+#ifndef XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC
+#define XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC	32
+#endif
+
+/** from linux/in.h */
+#ifndef IP_XFRM_POLICY
+#define IP_XFRM_POLICY 17
+#endif
+
+/* missing on uclibc */
+#ifndef IPV6_XFRM_POLICY
+#define IPV6_XFRM_POLICY 34
+#endif /*IPV6_XFRM_POLICY*/
+
+/** default priority of installed policies */
+#define PRIO_LOW 3000
+#define PRIO_HIGH 2000
+
+/**
+ * map the limit for bytes and packets to XFRM_INF per default
+ */
+#define XFRM_LIMIT(x) ((x) == 0 ? XFRM_INF : (x))
+
+/**
+ * Create ORable bitfield of XFRM NL groups
+ */
+#define XFRMNLGRP(x) (1<<(XFRMNLGRP_##x-1))
+
+/**
+ * returns a pointer to the first rtattr following the nlmsghdr *nlh and the
+ * 'usual' netlink data x like 'struct xfrm_usersa_info'
+ */
+#define XFRM_RTA(nlh, x) ((struct rtattr*)(NLMSG_DATA(nlh) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(x))))
+/**
+ * returns a pointer to the next rtattr following rta.
+ * !!! do not use this to parse messages. use RTA_NEXT and RTA_OK instead !!!
+ */
+#define XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta) ((struct rtattr*)(((char*)(rta)) + RTA_ALIGN((rta)->rta_len)))
+/**
+ * returns the total size of attached rta data
+ * (after 'usual' netlink data x like 'struct xfrm_usersa_info')
+ */
+#define XFRM_PAYLOAD(nlh, x) NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nlh, sizeof(x))
+
+typedef struct kernel_algorithm_t kernel_algorithm_t;
+
+/**
+ * Mapping of IKEv2 kernel identifier to linux crypto API names
+ */
+struct kernel_algorithm_t {
+	/**
+	 * Identifier specified in IKEv2
+	 */
+	int ikev2;
+
+	/**
+	 * Name of the algorithm in linux crypto API
+	 */
+	char *name;
+};
+
+ENUM(xfrm_msg_names, XFRM_MSG_NEWSA, XFRM_MSG_MAPPING,
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_DELSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_ALLOCSPI",
+	"XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_UPDPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_UPDSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_POLEXPIRE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_FLUSHSA",
+	"XFRM_MSG_FLUSHPOLICY",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWAE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETAE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_REPORT",
+	"XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSADINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSADINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_NEWSPDINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_GETSPDINFO",
+	"XFRM_MSG_MAPPING"
+);
+
+ENUM(xfrm_attr_type_names, XFRMA_UNSPEC, XFRMA_KMADDRESS,
+	"XFRMA_UNSPEC",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_AUTH",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_CRYPT",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_COMP",
+	"XFRMA_ENCAP",
+	"XFRMA_TMPL",
+	"XFRMA_SA",
+	"XFRMA_POLICY",
+	"XFRMA_SEC_CTX",
+	"XFRMA_LTIME_VAL",
+	"XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL",
+	"XFRMA_REPLAY_THRESH",
+	"XFRMA_ETIMER_THRESH",
+	"XFRMA_SRCADDR",
+	"XFRMA_COADDR",
+	"XFRMA_LASTUSED",
+	"XFRMA_POLICY_TYPE",
+	"XFRMA_MIGRATE",
+	"XFRMA_ALG_AEAD",
+	"XFRMA_KMADDRESS"
+);
+
+#define END_OF_LIST -1
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for encryption
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t encryption_algs[] = {
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV64,				"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_DES,					"des"				},
+	{ENCR_3DES,					"des3_ede"			},
+/*	{ENCR_RC5,					"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_IDEA,					"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_CAST,					"cast128"			},
+	{ENCR_BLOWFISH,				"blowfish"			},
+/*	{ENCR_3IDEA,				"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_DES_IV32,				"***"				}, */
+	{ENCR_NULL,					"cipher_null"		},
+	{ENCR_AES_CBC,				"aes"				},
+	{ENCR_AES_CTR,				"rfc3686(ctr(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8,			"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12,		"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16,		"rfc4309(ccm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8,			"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12,		"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16,		"rfc4106(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_NULL_AUTH_AES_GMAC,	"rfc4543(gcm(aes))"	},
+	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CBC,			"cbc(camellia)"		},
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CTR,			"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV8,	"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV12,	"***"				}, */
+/*	{ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV16,	"***"				}, */
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for integrity protection
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t integrity_algs[] = {
+	{AUTH_HMAC_MD5_96,			"md5"				},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA1_96,			"sha1"				},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_96,		"sha256"			},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128,	"hmac(sha256)"		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_384_192,	"hmac(sha384)"		},
+	{AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_512_256,	"hmac(sha512)"		},
+/*	{AUTH_DES_MAC,				"***"				}, */
+/*	{AUTH_KPDK_MD5,				"***"				}, */
+	{AUTH_AES_XCBC_96,			"xcbc(aes)"			},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Algorithms for IPComp
+ */
+static kernel_algorithm_t compression_algs[] = {
+/*	{IPCOMP_OUI,				"***"				}, */
+	{IPCOMP_DEFLATE,			"deflate"			},
+	{IPCOMP_LZS,				"lzs"				},
+	{IPCOMP_LZJH,				"lzjh"				},
+	{END_OF_LIST,				NULL				}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Look up a kernel algorithm name and its key size
+ */
+static char* lookup_algorithm(kernel_algorithm_t *list, int ikev2)
+{
+	while (list->ikev2 != END_OF_LIST)
+	{
+		if (list->ikev2 == ikev2)
+		{
+			return list->name;
+		}
+		list++;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+typedef struct route_entry_t route_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed routing entry
+ */
+struct route_entry_t {
+	/** Name of the interface the route is bound to */
+	char *if_name;
+
+	/** Source ip of the route */
+	host_t *src_ip;
+
+	/** gateway for this route */
+	host_t *gateway;
+
+	/** Destination net */
+	chunk_t dst_net;
+
+	/** Destination net prefixlen */
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+};
+
+/**
+ * destroy an route_entry_t object
+ */
+static void route_entry_destroy(route_entry_t *this)
+{
+	free(this->if_name);
+	this->src_ip->destroy(this->src_ip);
+	DESTROY_IF(this->gateway);
+	chunk_free(&this->dst_net);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+typedef struct policy_entry_t policy_entry_t;
+
+/**
+ * installed kernel policy.
+ */
+struct policy_entry_t {
+
+	/** direction of this policy: in, out, forward */
+	u_int8_t direction;
+
+	/** parameters of installed policy */
+	struct xfrm_selector sel;
+
+	/** associated route installed for this policy */
+	route_entry_t *route;
+
+	/** by how many CHILD_SA's this policy is used */
+	u_int refcount;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Hash function for policy_entry_t objects
+ */
+static u_int policy_hash(policy_entry_t *key)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk = chunk_create((void*)&key->sel, sizeof(struct xfrm_selector));
+	return chunk_hash(chunk);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Equality function for policy_entry_t objects
+ */
+static bool policy_equals(policy_entry_t *key, policy_entry_t *other_key)
+{
+	return memeq(&key->sel, &other_key->sel, sizeof(struct xfrm_selector)) &&
+		   key->direction == other_key->direction;
+}
+
+typedef struct private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t;
+
+/**
+ * Private variables and functions of kernel_netlink class.
+ */
+struct private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t {
+	/**
+	 * Public part of the kernel_netlink_t object.
+	 */
+	kernel_netlink_ipsec_t public;
+
+	/**
+	 * mutex to lock access to various lists
+	 */
+	mutex_t *mutex;
+
+	/**
+	 * Hash table of installed policies (policy_entry_t)
+	 */
+	hashtable_t *policies;
+
+	/**
+	 * job receiving netlink events
+	 */
+	callback_job_t *job;
+
+	/**
+	 * Netlink xfrm socket (IPsec)
+	 */
+	netlink_socket_t *socket_xfrm;
+
+	/**
+	 * netlink xfrm socket to receive acquire and expire events
+	 */
+	int socket_xfrm_events;
+
+	/**
+	 * whether to install routes along policies
+	 */
+	bool install_routes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * convert a IKEv2 specific protocol identifier to the kernel one
+ */
+static u_int8_t proto_ike2kernel(protocol_id_t proto)
+{
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case PROTO_ESP:
+			return IPPROTO_ESP;
+		case PROTO_AH:
+			return IPPROTO_AH;
+		default:
+			return proto;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * reverse of ike2kernel
+ */
+static protocol_id_t proto_kernel2ike(u_int8_t proto)
+{
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case IPPROTO_ESP:
+			return PROTO_ESP;
+		case IPPROTO_AH:
+			return PROTO_AH;
+		default:
+			return proto;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert the general ipsec mode to the one defined in xfrm.h
+ */
+static u_int8_t mode2kernel(ipsec_mode_t mode)
+{
+	switch (mode)
+	{
+		case MODE_TRANSPORT:
+			return XFRM_MODE_TRANSPORT;
+		case MODE_TUNNEL:
+			return XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL;
+		case MODE_BEET:
+			return XFRM_MODE_BEET;
+		default:
+			return mode;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a host_t to a struct xfrm_address
+ */
+static void host2xfrm(host_t *host, xfrm_address_t *xfrm)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk = host->get_address(host);
+	memcpy(xfrm, chunk.ptr, min(chunk.len, sizeof(xfrm_address_t)));
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a struct xfrm_address to a host_t
+ */
+static host_t* xfrm2host(int family, xfrm_address_t *xfrm, u_int16_t port)
+{
+	chunk_t chunk;
+
+	switch (family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+			chunk = chunk_create((u_char*)&xfrm->a4, sizeof(xfrm->a4));
+			break;
+		case AF_INET6:
+			chunk = chunk_create((u_char*)&xfrm->a6, sizeof(xfrm->a6));
+			break;
+		default:
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	return host_create_from_chunk(family, chunk, ntohs(port));
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a traffic selector address range to subnet and its mask.
+ */
+static void ts2subnet(traffic_selector_t* ts,
+					  xfrm_address_t *net, u_int8_t *mask)
+{
+	host_t *net_host;
+	chunk_t net_chunk;
+
+	ts->to_subnet(ts, &net_host, mask);
+	net_chunk = net_host->get_address(net_host);
+	memcpy(net, net_chunk.ptr, net_chunk.len);
+	net_host->destroy(net_host);
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a traffic selector port range to port/portmask
+ */
+static void ts2ports(traffic_selector_t* ts,
+					 u_int16_t *port, u_int16_t *mask)
+{
+	/* linux does not seem to accept complex portmasks. Only
+	 * any or a specific port is allowed. We set to any, if we have
+	 * a port range, or to a specific, if we have one port only.
+	 */
+	u_int16_t from, to;
+
+	from = ts->get_from_port(ts);
+	to = ts->get_to_port(ts);
+
+	if (from == to)
+	{
+		*port = htons(from);
+		*mask = ~0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*port = 0;
+		*mask = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a pair of traffic_selectors to a xfrm_selector
+ */
+static struct xfrm_selector ts2selector(traffic_selector_t *src,
+										traffic_selector_t *dst)
+{
+	struct xfrm_selector sel;
+
+	memset(&sel, 0, sizeof(sel));
+	sel.family = (src->get_type(src) == TS_IPV4_ADDR_RANGE) ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
+	/* src or dest proto may be "any" (0), use more restrictive one */
+	sel.proto = max(src->get_protocol(src), dst->get_protocol(dst));
+	ts2subnet(dst, &sel.daddr, &sel.prefixlen_d);
+	ts2subnet(src, &sel.saddr, &sel.prefixlen_s);
+	ts2ports(dst, &sel.dport, &sel.dport_mask);
+	ts2ports(src, &sel.sport, &sel.sport_mask);
+	sel.ifindex = 0;
+	sel.user = 0;
+
+	return sel;
+}
+
+/**
+ * convert a xfrm_selector to a src|dst traffic_selector
+ */
+static traffic_selector_t* selector2ts(struct xfrm_selector *sel, bool src)
+{
+	u_char *addr;
+	u_int8_t prefixlen;
+	u_int16_t port = 0;
+	host_t *host = NULL;
+
+	if (src)
+	{
+		addr = (u_char*)&sel->saddr;
+		prefixlen = sel->prefixlen_s;
+		if (sel->sport_mask)
+		{
+			port = htons(sel->sport);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		addr = (u_char*)&sel->daddr;
+		prefixlen = sel->prefixlen_d;
+		if (sel->dport_mask)
+		{
+			port = htons(sel->dport);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* The Linux 2.6 kernel does not set the selector's family field,
+	 * so as a kludge we additionally test the prefix length.
+	 */
+	if (sel->family == AF_INET || sel->prefixlen_s == 32)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(AF_INET, chunk_create(addr, 4), 0);
+	}
+	else if (sel->family == AF_INET6 || sel->prefixlen_s == 128)
+	{
+		host = host_create_from_chunk(AF_INET6, chunk_create(addr, 16), 0);
+	}
+
+	if (host)
+	{
+		return traffic_selector_create_from_subnet(host, prefixlen,
+												   sel->proto, port);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_acquire(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	u_int32_t reqid = 0;
+	int proto = 0;
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	struct xfrm_user_acquire *acquire;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+	job_t *job;
+
+	acquire = (struct xfrm_user_acquire*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_user_acquire);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(hdr, struct xfrm_user_acquire);
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE");
+
+	while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  %N", xfrm_attr_type_names, rta->rta_type);
+
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_TMPL)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_tmpl* tmpl;
+
+			tmpl = (struct xfrm_user_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			reqid = tmpl->reqid;
+			proto = tmpl->id.proto;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+	switch (proto)
+	{
+		case 0:
+		case IPPROTO_ESP:
+		case IPPROTO_AH:
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* acquire for AH/ESP only, not for IPCOMP */
+			return;
+	}
+	src_ts = selector2ts(&acquire->sel, TRUE);
+	dst_ts = selector2ts(&acquire->sel, FALSE);
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "creating acquire job for policy %R === %R with reqid {%u}",
+					src_ts, dst_ts, reqid);
+	job = (job_t*)acquire_job_create(reqid, src_ts, dst_ts);
+	charon->processor->queue_job(charon->processor, job);
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_expire(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	job_t *job;
+	protocol_id_t protocol;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	struct xfrm_user_expire *expire;
+
+	expire = (struct xfrm_user_expire*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	protocol = proto_kernel2ike(expire->state.id.proto);
+	spi = expire->state.id.spi;
+	reqid = expire->state.reqid;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE");
+
+	if (protocol != PROTO_ESP && protocol != PROTO_AH)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "ignoring XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE for SA with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u} "
+					  "which is not a CHILD_SA", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "creating %s job for %N CHILD_SA with SPI %.8x and reqid {%d}",
+		 expire->hard ? "delete" : "rekey",  protocol_id_names,
+		 protocol, ntohl(spi), reqid);
+	if (expire->hard)
+	{
+		job = (job_t*)delete_child_sa_job_create(reqid, protocol, spi);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		job = (job_t*)rekey_child_sa_job_create(reqid, protocol, spi);
+	}
+	charon->processor->queue_job(charon->processor, job);
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE from kernel
+ */
+static void process_migrate(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, *dst_ts;
+	host_t *local = NULL, *remote = NULL;
+	host_t *old_src = NULL, *old_dst = NULL;
+	host_t *new_src = NULL, *new_dst = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+	u_int32_t reqid = 0;
+	policy_dir_t dir;
+	job_t *job;
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	rta     = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_id);
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE");
+
+	src_ts = selector2ts(&policy_id->sel, TRUE);
+	dst_ts = selector2ts(&policy_id->sel, FALSE);
+	dir = (policy_dir_t)policy_id->dir;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  policy: %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names);
+
+	while (RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  %N", xfrm_attr_type_names, rta->rta_type);
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_KMADDRESS)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_kmaddress *kmaddress;
+
+			kmaddress = (struct xfrm_user_kmaddress*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			local  = xfrm2host(kmaddress->family, &kmaddress->local, 0);
+			remote = xfrm2host(kmaddress->family, &kmaddress->remote, 0);
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  kmaddress: %H...%H", local, remote);
+		}
+		else if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_MIGRATE)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_user_migrate *migrate;
+			protocol_id_t proto;
+
+			migrate = (struct xfrm_user_migrate*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+			old_src = xfrm2host(migrate->old_family, &migrate->old_saddr, 0);
+			old_dst = xfrm2host(migrate->old_family, &migrate->old_daddr, 0);
+			new_src = xfrm2host(migrate->new_family, &migrate->new_saddr, 0);
+			new_dst = xfrm2host(migrate->new_family, &migrate->new_daddr, 0);
+			proto = proto_kernel2ike(migrate->proto);
+			reqid = migrate->reqid;
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  migrate %N %H...%H to %H...%H, reqid {%u}",
+							 protocol_id_names, proto, old_src, old_dst,
+							 new_src, new_dst, reqid);
+			DESTROY_IF(old_src);
+			DESTROY_IF(old_dst);
+			DESTROY_IF(new_src);
+			DESTROY_IF(new_dst);
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	if (src_ts && dst_ts && local && remote)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "creating migrate job for policy %R === %R %N with reqid {%u}",
+					   src_ts, dst_ts, policy_dir_names, dir, reqid, local);
+		job = (job_t*)migrate_job_create(reqid, src_ts, dst_ts, dir,
+										 local, remote);
+		charon->processor->queue_job(charon->processor, job);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DESTROY_IF(src_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(dst_ts);
+		DESTROY_IF(local);
+		DESTROY_IF(remote);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * process a XFRM_MSG_MAPPING from kernel
+ */
+static void process_mapping(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+							struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
+{
+	job_t *job;
+	u_int32_t spi, reqid;
+	struct xfrm_user_mapping *mapping;
+	host_t *host;
+
+	mapping = (struct xfrm_user_mapping*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	spi = mapping->id.spi;
+	reqid = mapping->reqid;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "received a XFRM_MSG_MAPPING");
+
+	if (proto_kernel2ike(mapping->id.proto) == PROTO_ESP)
+	{
+		host = xfrm2host(mapping->id.family, &mapping->new_saddr,
+						 mapping->new_sport);
+		if (host)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "NAT mappings of ESP CHILD_SA with SPI %.8x and "
+				"reqid {%u} changed, queuing update job", ntohl(spi), reqid);
+			job = (job_t*)update_sa_job_create(reqid, host);
+			charon->processor->queue_job(charon->processor, job);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Receives events from kernel
+ */
+static job_requeue_t receive_events(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	char response[1024];
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)response;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
+	int len;
+	bool oldstate;
+
+	oldstate = thread_cancelability(TRUE);
+	len = recvfrom(this->socket_xfrm_events, response, sizeof(response), 0,
+				   (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
+	thread_cancelability(oldstate);
+
+	if (len < 0)
+	{
+		switch (errno)
+		{
+			case EINTR:
+				/* interrupted, try again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			case EAGAIN:
+				/* no data ready, select again */
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to receive from xfrm event socket");
+				sleep(1);
+				return JOB_REQUEUE_FAIR;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (addr.nl_pid != 0)
+	{	/* not from kernel. not interested, try another one */
+		return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+	}
+
+	while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+	{
+		switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+		{
+			case XFRM_MSG_ACQUIRE:
+				process_acquire(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_EXPIRE:
+				process_expire(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE:
+				process_migrate(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			case XFRM_MSG_MAPPING:
+				process_mapping(this, hdr);
+				break;
+			default:
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "received unknown event from xfrm event socket: %d", hdr->nlmsg_type);
+				break;
+		}
+		hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+	}
+	return JOB_REQUEUE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get an SPI for a specific protocol from the kernel.
+ */
+static status_t get_spi_internal(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+		host_t *src, host_t *dst, u_int8_t proto, u_int32_t min, u_int32_t max,
+		u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out;
+	struct xfrm_userspi_info *userspi;
+	u_int32_t received_spi = 0;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_ALLOCSPI;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userspi_info));
+
+	userspi = (struct xfrm_userspi_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(src, &userspi->info.saddr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &userspi->info.id.daddr);
+	userspi->info.id.proto = proto;
+	userspi->info.mode = XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL;
+	userspi->info.reqid = reqid;
+	userspi->info.family = src->get_family(src);
+	userspi->min = min;
+	userspi->max = max;
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					struct xfrm_usersa_info* usersa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					received_spi = usersa->id.spi;
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "allocating SPI failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		free(out);
+	}
+
+	if (received_spi == 0)
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*spi = received_spi;
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_spi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	protocol_id_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid, u_int32_t *spi)
+{
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting SPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+
+	if (get_spi_internal(this, src, dst, proto_ike2kernel(protocol),
+			0xc0000000, 0xcFFFFFFF, reqid, spi) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get SPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "got SPI %.8x for reqid {%u}", ntohl(*spi), reqid);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, get_cpi, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t reqid, u_int16_t *cpi)
+{
+	u_int32_t received_spi = 0;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "getting CPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+
+	if (get_spi_internal(this, src, dst,
+			IPPROTO_COMP, 0x100, 0xEFFF, reqid, &received_spi) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to get CPI for reqid {%u}", reqid);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*cpi = htons((u_int16_t)ntohl(received_spi));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "got CPI %.4x for reqid {%u}", ntohs(*cpi), reqid);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol, u_int32_t reqid,
+	lifetime_cfg_t *lifetime, u_int16_t enc_alg, chunk_t enc_key,
+	u_int16_t int_alg, chunk_t int_key, ipsec_mode_t mode, u_int16_t ipcomp,
+	u_int16_t cpi, bool encap, bool inbound, traffic_selector_t* src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t* dst_ts)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	char *alg_name;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *sa;
+	u_int16_t icv_size = 64;
+
+	/* if IPComp is used, we install an additional IPComp SA. if the cpi is 0
+	 * we are in the recursive call below */
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE && cpi != 0)
+	{
+		lifetime_cfg_t lft = {{0,0,0},{0,0,0},{0,0,0}};
+		add_sa(this, src, dst, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, reqid, &lft,
+			   ENCR_UNDEFINED, chunk_empty, AUTH_UNDEFINED, chunk_empty,
+			   mode, ipcomp, 0, FALSE, inbound, NULL, NULL);
+		ipcomp = IPCOMP_NONE;
+		/* use transport mode ESP SA, IPComp uses tunnel mode */
+		mode = MODE_TRANSPORT;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding SAD entry with SPI %.8x and reqid {%u}",
+		 ntohl(spi), reqid);
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = inbound ? XFRM_MSG_UPDSA : XFRM_MSG_NEWSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_info));
+
+	sa = (struct xfrm_usersa_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(src, &sa->saddr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa->id.daddr);
+	sa->id.spi = spi;
+	sa->id.proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	sa->family = src->get_family(src);
+	sa->mode = mode2kernel(mode);
+	switch (mode)
+	{
+		case MODE_TUNNEL:
+			sa->flags |= XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC;
+			break;
+		case MODE_BEET:
+			if(src_ts && dst_ts)
+			{
+				sa->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+	}
+
+	sa->replay_window = (protocol == IPPROTO_COMP) ? 0 : 32;
+	sa->reqid = reqid;
+	sa->lft.soft_byte_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->bytes.rekey);
+	sa->lft.hard_byte_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->bytes.life);
+	sa->lft.soft_packet_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->packets.rekey);
+	sa->lft.hard_packet_limit = XFRM_LIMIT(lifetime->packets.life);
+	/* we use lifetimes since added, not since used */
+	sa->lft.soft_add_expires_seconds = lifetime->time.rekey;
+	sa->lft.hard_add_expires_seconds = lifetime->time.life;
+	sa->lft.soft_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+	sa->lft.hard_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+
+	struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+
+	switch (enc_alg)
+	{
+		case ENCR_UNDEFINED:
+			/* no encryption */
+			break;
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV16:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV16:
+		case ENCR_NULL_AUTH_AES_GMAC:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV16:
+			icv_size += 32;
+			/* FALL */
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV12:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV12:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV12:
+			icv_size += 32;
+			/* FALL */
+		case ENCR_AES_CCM_ICV8:
+		case ENCR_AES_GCM_ICV8:
+		case ENCR_CAMELLIA_CCM_ICV8:
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo_aead *algo;
+
+			alg_name = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+			if (alg_name == NULL)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AEAD;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo_aead) + enc_key.len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo_aead*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = enc_key.len * 8;
+			algo->alg_icv_len = icv_size;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+			rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+			break;
+		}
+		default:
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo *algo;
+
+			alg_name = lookup_algorithm(encryption_algs, enc_alg);
+			if (alg_name == NULL)
+			{
+				DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+					 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg);
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using encryption algorithm %N with key size %d",
+				 encryption_algorithm_names, enc_alg, enc_key.len * 8);
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_CRYPT;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo) + enc_key.len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = enc_key.len * 8;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, enc_key.ptr, enc_key.len);
+
+			rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (int_alg  != AUTH_UNDEFINED)
+	{
+		alg_name = lookup_algorithm(integrity_algs, int_alg);
+		if (alg_name == NULL)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using integrity algorithm %N with key size %d",
+			 integrity_algorithm_names, int_alg, int_key.len * 8);
+
+		if (int_alg == AUTH_HMAC_SHA2_256_128)
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo_auth* algo;
+
+			/* the kernel uses SHA256 with 96 bit truncation by default,
+			 * use specified truncation size supported by newer kernels */
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AUTH_TRUNC;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo_auth) + int_key.len);
+
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo_auth*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = int_key.len * 8;
+			algo->alg_trunc_len = 128;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			struct xfrm_algo* algo;
+
+			rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_AUTH;
+			rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo) + int_key.len);
+
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+			if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+			{
+				return FAILED;
+			}
+
+			algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+			algo->alg_key_len = int_key.len * 8;
+			strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+			memcpy(algo->alg_key, int_key.ptr, int_key.len);
+		}
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE)
+	{
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ALG_COMP;
+		alg_name = lookup_algorithm(compression_algs, ipcomp);
+		if (alg_name == NULL)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "algorithm %N not supported by kernel!",
+				 ipcomp_transform_names, ipcomp);
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "  using compression algorithm %N",
+			 ipcomp_transform_names, ipcomp);
+
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_algo));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		struct xfrm_algo* algo = (struct xfrm_algo*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		algo->alg_key_len = 0;
+		strcpy(algo->alg_name, alg_name);
+
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (encap)
+	{
+		rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_ENCAP;
+		rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_encap_tmpl));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		struct xfrm_encap_tmpl* tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+		tmpl->encap_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+		tmpl->encap_sport = htons(src->get_port(src));
+		tmpl->encap_dport = htons(dst->get_port(dst));
+		memset(&tmpl->encap_oa, 0, sizeof (xfrm_address_t));
+		/* encap_oa could probably be derived from the
+		 * traffic selectors [rfc4306, p39]. In the netlink kernel implementation
+		 * pluto does the same as we do here but it uses encap_oa in the
+		 * pfkey implementation. BUT as /usr/src/linux/net/key/af_key.c indicates
+		 * the kernel ignores it anyway
+		 *   -> does that mean that NAT-T encap doesn't work in transport mode?
+		 * No. The reason the kernel ignores NAT-OA is that it recomputes
+		 * (or, rather, just ignores) the checksum. If packets pass
+		 * the IPsec checks it marks them "checksum ok" so OA isn't needed. */
+		rthdr = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rthdr);
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the replay state (i.e. sequence numbers) of an SA.
+ */
+static status_t get_replay_state(private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this,
+						  u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol, host_t *dst,
+						  struct xfrm_replay_state *replay)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_aevent_id *out_aevent = NULL, *aevent_id;
+	size_t len;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETAE;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_aevent_id));
+
+	aevent_id = (struct xfrm_aevent_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	aevent_id->flags = XFRM_AE_RVAL;
+
+	host2xfrm(dst, &aevent_id->sa_id.daddr);
+	aevent_id->sa_id.spi = spi;
+	aevent_id->sa_id.proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	aevent_id->sa_id.family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWAE:
+				{
+					out_aevent = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying replay state from SAD entry failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (out_aevent == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x",
+					  ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(out, struct xfrm_aevent_id);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(out, struct xfrm_aevent_id);
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL &&
+			RTA_PAYLOAD(rta) == sizeof(struct xfrm_replay_state))
+		{
+			memcpy(replay, RTA_DATA(rta), RTA_PAYLOAD(rta));
+			free(out);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to query replay state from SAD entry with SPI %.8x",
+				  ntohl(spi));
+	free(out);
+	return FAILED;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol, u_int64_t *bytes)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *out = NULL, *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *sa = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					sa = (struct xfrm_usersa_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x failed: %s (%d)",
+						 ntohl(spi), strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (sa == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "unable to query SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	*bytes = sa->curlft.bytes;
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol, u_int16_t cpi)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+
+	/* if IPComp was used, we first delete the additional IPComp SA */
+	if (cpi)
+	{
+		del_sa(this, src, dst, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, 0);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_DELSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleted SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, update_sa, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol,
+	u_int16_t cpi, host_t *src, host_t *dst, host_t *new_src, host_t *new_dst,
+	bool old_encap, bool new_encap)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	u_char *pos;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr, *out = NULL;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_id *sa_id;
+	struct xfrm_usersa_info *out_sa = NULL, *sa;
+	size_t len;
+	struct rtattr *rta;
+	size_t rtasize;
+	struct xfrm_encap_tmpl* tmpl = NULL;
+	bool got_replay_state = FALSE;
+	struct xfrm_replay_state replay;
+
+	/* if IPComp is used, we first update the IPComp SA */
+	if (cpi)
+	{
+		update_sa(this, htonl(ntohs(cpi)), IPPROTO_COMP, 0,
+				  src, dst, new_src, new_dst, FALSE, FALSE);
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry with SPI %.8x for update", ntohl(spi));
+
+	/* query the existing SA first */
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_id));
+
+	sa_id = (struct xfrm_usersa_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	host2xfrm(dst, &sa_id->daddr);
+	sa_id->spi = spi;
+	sa_id->proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	sa_id->family = dst->get_family(dst);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWSA:
+				{
+					out_sa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying SAD entry failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (out_sa == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* try to get the replay state */
+	if (get_replay_state(this, spi, protocol, dst, &replay) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		got_replay_state = TRUE;
+	}
+
+	/* delete the old SA (without affecting the IPComp SA) */
+	if (del_sa(this, src, dst, spi, protocol, 0) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete old SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "updating SAD entry with SPI %.8x from %#H..%#H to %#H..%#H",
+		 ntohl(spi), src, dst, new_src, new_dst);
+	/* copy over the SA from out to request */
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	memcpy(hdr, out, min(out->nlmsg_len, sizeof(request)));
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_NEWSA;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_usersa_info));
+	sa = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	sa->family = new_dst->get_family(new_dst);
+
+	if (!src->ip_equals(src, new_src))
+	{
+		host2xfrm(new_src, &sa->saddr);
+	}
+	if (!dst->ip_equals(dst, new_dst))
+	{
+		host2xfrm(new_dst, &sa->id.daddr);
+	}
+
+	rta = XFRM_RTA(out, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	rtasize = XFRM_PAYLOAD(out, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	pos = (u_char*)XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_usersa_info);
+	while(RTA_OK(rta, rtasize))
+	{
+		/* copy all attributes, but not XFRMA_ENCAP if we are disabling it */
+		if (rta->rta_type != XFRMA_ENCAP || new_encap)
+		{
+			if (rta->rta_type == XFRMA_ENCAP)
+			{	/* update encap tmpl */
+				tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+				tmpl->encap_sport = ntohs(new_src->get_port(new_src));
+				tmpl->encap_dport = ntohs(new_dst->get_port(new_dst));
+			}
+			memcpy(pos, rta, rta->rta_len);
+			pos += RTA_ALIGN(rta->rta_len);
+			hdr->nlmsg_len += RTA_ALIGN(rta->rta_len);
+		}
+		rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, rtasize);
+	}
+
+	rta = (struct rtattr*)pos;
+	if (tmpl == NULL && new_encap)
+	{	/* add tmpl if we are enabling it */
+		rta->rta_type = XFRMA_ENCAP;
+		rta->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_encap_tmpl));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rta->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		tmpl = (struct xfrm_encap_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rta);
+		tmpl->encap_type = UDP_ENCAP_ESPINUDP;
+		tmpl->encap_sport = ntohs(new_src->get_port(new_src));
+		tmpl->encap_dport = ntohs(new_dst->get_port(new_dst));
+		memset(&tmpl->encap_oa, 0, sizeof (xfrm_address_t));
+
+		rta = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta);
+	}
+
+	if (got_replay_state)
+	{	/* copy the replay data if available */
+		rta->rta_type = XFRMA_REPLAY_VAL;
+		rta->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_replay_state));
+
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += rta->rta_len;
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+		memcpy(RTA_DATA(rta), &replay, sizeof(replay));
+
+		rta = XFRM_RTA_NEXT(rta);
+	}
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to update SAD entry with SPI %.8x", ntohl(spi));
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+	free(out);
+
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, add_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, host_t *src, host_t *dst,
+	traffic_selector_t *src_ts, traffic_selector_t *dst_ts,
+	policy_dir_t direction, u_int32_t spi, protocol_id_t protocol,
+	u_int32_t reqid, ipsec_mode_t mode, u_int16_t ipcomp, u_int16_t cpi,
+	bool routed)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *current, *policy;
+	bool found = FALSE;
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info *policy_info;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	policy = malloc_thing(policy_entry_t);
+	memset(policy, 0, sizeof(policy_entry_t));
+	policy->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy->direction = direction;
+
+	/* find the policy, which matches EXACTLY */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	current = this->policies->get(this->policies, policy);
+	if (current)
+	{
+		/* use existing policy */
+		current->refcount++;
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy %R === %R %N already exists, increasing "
+					  "refcount", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(policy);
+		policy = current;
+		found = TRUE;
+	}
+	else
+	{	/* apply the new one, if we have no such policy */
+		this->policies->put(this->policies, policy, policy);
+		policy->refcount = 1;
+	}
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "adding policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = found ? XFRM_MSG_UPDPOLICY : XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_info));
+
+	policy_info = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_info->sel = policy->sel;
+	policy_info->dir = policy->direction;
+	/* calculate priority based on source selector size, small size = high prio */
+	policy_info->priority = routed ? PRIO_LOW : PRIO_HIGH;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.prefixlen_s * 10;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.proto ? 2 : 0;
+	policy_info->priority -= policy->sel.sport_mask ? 1 : 0;
+	policy_info->action = XFRM_POLICY_ALLOW;
+	policy_info->share = XFRM_SHARE_ANY;
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+
+	/* policies don't expire */
+	policy_info->lft.soft_byte_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_packet_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_byte_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_packet_limit = XFRM_INF;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_add_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_add_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.soft_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+	policy_info->lft.hard_use_expires_seconds = 0;
+
+	struct rtattr *rthdr = XFRM_RTA(hdr, struct xfrm_userpolicy_info);
+	rthdr->rta_type = XFRMA_TMPL;
+	rthdr->rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_user_tmpl));
+
+	hdr->nlmsg_len += rthdr->rta_len;
+	if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+	{
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	struct xfrm_user_tmpl *tmpl = (struct xfrm_user_tmpl*)RTA_DATA(rthdr);
+
+	if (ipcomp != IPCOMP_NONE)
+	{
+		tmpl->reqid = reqid;
+		tmpl->id.proto = IPPROTO_COMP;
+		tmpl->aalgos = tmpl->ealgos = tmpl->calgos = ~0;
+		tmpl->mode = mode2kernel(mode);
+		tmpl->optional = direction != POLICY_OUT;
+		tmpl->family = src->get_family(src);
+
+		host2xfrm(src, &tmpl->saddr);
+		host2xfrm(dst, &tmpl->id.daddr);
+
+		/* add an additional xfrm_user_tmpl */
+		rthdr->rta_len += RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_user_tmpl));
+		hdr->nlmsg_len += RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_user_tmpl));
+		if (hdr->nlmsg_len > sizeof(request))
+		{
+			return FAILED;
+		}
+
+		tmpl++;
+
+		/* use transport mode for ESP if we have a tunnel mode IPcomp SA */
+		mode = MODE_TRANSPORT;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* when using IPcomp, only the IPcomp SA uses tmp src/dst addresses */
+		host2xfrm(src, &tmpl->saddr);
+		host2xfrm(dst, &tmpl->id.daddr);
+	}
+
+	tmpl->reqid = reqid;
+	tmpl->id.proto = proto_ike2kernel(protocol);
+	tmpl->aalgos = tmpl->ealgos = tmpl->calgos = ~0;
+	tmpl->mode = mode2kernel(mode);
+	tmpl->family = src->get_family(src);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to add policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* install a route, if:
+	 * - we are NOT updating a policy
+	 * - this is a forward policy (to just get one for each child)
+	 * - we are in tunnel/BEET mode
+	 * - routing is not disabled via strongswan.conf
+	 */
+	if (policy->route == NULL && direction == POLICY_FWD &&
+		mode != MODE_TRANSPORT && this->install_routes)
+	{
+		route_entry_t *route = malloc_thing(route_entry_t);
+
+		if (charon->kernel_interface->get_address_by_ts(charon->kernel_interface,
+				dst_ts, &route->src_ip) == SUCCESS)
+		{
+			/* get the nexthop to src (src as we are in POLICY_FWD).*/
+			route->gateway = charon->kernel_interface->get_nexthop(
+												charon->kernel_interface, src);
+			/* install route via outgoing interface */
+			route->if_name = charon->kernel_interface->get_interface(
+												charon->kernel_interface, dst);
+			route->dst_net = chunk_alloc(policy->sel.family == AF_INET ? 4 : 16);
+			memcpy(route->dst_net.ptr, &policy->sel.saddr, route->dst_net.len);
+			route->prefixlen = policy->sel.prefixlen_s;
+
+			if (route->if_name)
+			{
+				switch (charon->kernel_interface->add_route(
+									charon->kernel_interface, route->dst_net,
+									route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+									route->src_ip, route->if_name))
+				{
+					default:
+						DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to install source route for %H",
+							 route->src_ip);
+						/* FALL */
+					case ALREADY_DONE:
+						/* route exists, do not uninstall */
+						route_entry_destroy(route);
+						break;
+					case SUCCESS:
+						/* cache the installed route */
+						policy->route = route;
+						break;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				route_entry_destroy(route);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			free(route);
+		}
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, query_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, u_int32_t *use_time)
+{
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *out = NULL, *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info *policy = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "querying policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_GETPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_id));
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_id->sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy_id->dir = direction;
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send(this->socket_xfrm, hdr, &out, &len) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		hdr = out;
+		while (NLMSG_OK(hdr, len))
+		{
+			switch (hdr->nlmsg_type)
+			{
+				case XFRM_MSG_NEWPOLICY:
+				{
+					policy = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_info*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					break;
+				}
+				case NLMSG_ERROR:
+				{
+					struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+					DBG1(DBG_KNL, "querying policy failed: %s (%d)",
+						 strerror(-err->error), -err->error);
+					break;
+				}
+				default:
+					hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(hdr, len);
+					continue;
+				case NLMSG_DONE:
+					break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (policy == NULL)
+	{
+		DBG2(DBG_KNL, "unable to query policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		free(out);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if (policy->curlft.use_time)
+	{
+		/* we need the monotonic time, but the kernel returns system time. */
+		*use_time = time_monotonic(NULL) - (time(NULL) - policy->curlft.use_time);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*use_time = 0;
+	}
+
+	free(out);
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, del_policy, status_t,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, traffic_selector_t *src_ts,
+	traffic_selector_t *dst_ts, policy_dir_t direction, bool unrouted)
+{
+	policy_entry_t *current, policy, *to_delete = NULL;
+	route_entry_t *route;
+	netlink_buf_t request;
+	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_id *policy_id;
+
+	DBG2(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+				   policy_dir_names, direction);
+
+	/* create a policy */
+	memset(&policy, 0, sizeof(policy_entry_t));
+	policy.sel = ts2selector(src_ts, dst_ts);
+	policy.direction = direction;
+
+	/* find the policy */
+	this->mutex->lock(this->mutex);
+	current = this->policies->get(this->policies, &policy);
+	if (current)
+	{
+		to_delete = current;
+		if (--to_delete->refcount > 0)
+		{
+			/* is used by more SAs, keep in kernel */
+			DBG2(DBG_KNL, "policy still used by another CHILD_SA, not removed");
+			this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+			return SUCCESS;
+		}
+		/* remove if last reference */
+		this->policies->remove(this->policies, to_delete);
+	}
+	this->mutex->unlock(this->mutex);
+	if (!to_delete)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "deleting policy %R === %R %N failed, not found", src_ts,
+					   dst_ts, policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return NOT_FOUND;
+	}
+
+	memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
+
+	hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)request;
+	hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+	hdr->nlmsg_type = XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY;
+	hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct xfrm_userpolicy_id));
+
+	policy_id = (struct xfrm_userpolicy_id*)NLMSG_DATA(hdr);
+	policy_id->sel = to_delete->sel;
+	policy_id->dir = direction;
+
+	route = to_delete->route;
+	free(to_delete);
+
+	if (this->socket_xfrm->send_ack(this->socket_xfrm, hdr) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to delete policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+					   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		return FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if (route)
+	{
+		if (charon->kernel_interface->del_route(charon->kernel_interface,
+				route->dst_net, route->prefixlen, route->gateway,
+				route->src_ip, route->if_name) != SUCCESS)
+		{
+			DBG1(DBG_KNL, "error uninstalling route installed with "
+						  "policy %R === %R %N", src_ts, dst_ts,
+						   policy_dir_names, direction);
+		}
+		route_entry_destroy(route);
+	}
+	return SUCCESS;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, bypass_socket, bool,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this, int fd, int family)
+{
+	struct xfrm_userpolicy_info policy;
+	u_int sol, ipsec_policy;
+
+	switch (family)
+	{
+		case AF_INET:
+			sol = SOL_IP;
+			ipsec_policy = IP_XFRM_POLICY;
+			break;
+		case AF_INET6:
+			sol = SOL_IPV6;
+			ipsec_policy = IPV6_XFRM_POLICY;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return FALSE;
+	}
+
+	memset(&policy, 0, sizeof(policy));
+	policy.action = XFRM_POLICY_ALLOW;
+	policy.sel.family = family;
+
+	policy.dir = XFRM_POLICY_OUT;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	policy.dir = XFRM_POLICY_IN;
+	if (setsockopt(fd, sol, ipsec_policy, &policy, sizeof(policy)) < 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to set IPSEC_POLICY on socket: %s",
+			 strerror(errno));
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+METHOD(kernel_ipsec_t, destroy, void,
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this)
+{
+	enumerator_t *enumerator;
+	policy_entry_t *policy;
+
+	if (this->job)
+	{
+		this->job->cancel(this->job);
+	}
+	if (this->socket_xfrm_events > 0)
+	{
+		close(this->socket_xfrm_events);
+	}
+	DESTROY_IF(this->socket_xfrm);
+	enumerator = this->policies->create_enumerator(this->policies);
+	while (enumerator->enumerate(enumerator, &policy, &policy))
+	{
+		free(policy);
+	}
+	enumerator->destroy(enumerator);
+	this->policies->destroy(this->policies);
+	this->mutex->destroy(this->mutex);
+	free(this);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Described in header.
+ */
+kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *kernel_netlink_ipsec_create()
+{
+	private_kernel_netlink_ipsec_t *this;
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr;
+	int fd;
+
+	INIT(this,
+		.public.interface = {
+			.get_spi = _get_spi,
+			.get_cpi = _get_cpi,
+			.add_sa  = _add_sa,
+			.update_sa = _update_sa,
+			.query_sa = _query_sa,
+			.del_sa = _del_sa,
+			.add_policy = _add_policy,
+			.query_policy = _query_policy,
+			.del_policy = _del_policy,
+			.bypass_socket = _bypass_socket,
+			.destroy = _destroy,
+		},
+		.policies = hashtable_create((hashtable_hash_t)policy_hash,
+									 (hashtable_equals_t)policy_equals, 32),
+		.mutex = mutex_create(MUTEX_TYPE_DEFAULT),
+		.install_routes = lib->settings->get_bool(lib->settings,
+												"charon.install_routes", TRUE),
+	);
+
+	/* disable lifetimes for allocated SPIs in kernel */
+	fd = open("/proc/sys/net/core/xfrm_acq_expires", O_WRONLY);
+	if (fd)
+	{
+		ignore_result(write(fd, "165", 3));
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	this->socket_xfrm = netlink_socket_create(NETLINK_XFRM);
+	if (!this->socket_xfrm)
+	{
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+	addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+	/* create and bind XFRM socket for ACQUIRE, EXPIRE, MIGRATE & MAPPING */
+	this->socket_xfrm_events = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_XFRM);
+	if (this->socket_xfrm_events <= 0)
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to create XFRM event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	addr.nl_groups = XFRMNLGRP(ACQUIRE) | XFRMNLGRP(EXPIRE) |
+					 XFRMNLGRP(MIGRATE) | XFRMNLGRP(MAPPING);
+	if (bind(this->socket_xfrm_events, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)))
+	{
+		DBG1(DBG_KNL, "unable to bind XFRM event socket");
+		destroy(this);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	this->job = callback_job_create((callback_job_cb_t)receive_events,
+									this, NULL, NULL);
+	charon->processor->queue_job(charon->processor, (job_t*)this->job);
+
+	return &this->public;
+}
+